Julio Machele - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Julio Machele

Joernaal vir eietydse geskiedenis, 2022

Machele / Já não vale a pena ir para lá: The changing discourse on migration 79 from migrating. T... more Machele / Já não vale a pena ir para lá: The changing discourse on migration 79 from migrating. The poet and the musicians only had eyes for the local South African prostitutes who enticed Mozambican men, gave them venereal diseases and made them forget their wives and families in Mozambique.

Introdução 10 2 No fim não vai ficar nada 13 2.1 A crise das regenerações natural e induzida 13 2... more Introdução 10 2 No fim não vai ficar nada 13 2.1 A crise das regenerações natural e induzida 13 2.2 Os extractores-motosserras, machados, catanas e fogo 19 2.3 As instituições: como controlar o descalabro? 24

Law, Religion and Human Flourishing in Africa

After a protracted war that began in 1964 between the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Fre... more After a protracted war that began in 1964 between the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frelimo) rebel movement and the Portuguese colonial government, Mozambique achieved its independence on 25 June 1975. The celebration at Machava Stadium was preceded by the triumphal journey undertaken by then president of Frelimo, Samora Moisés Machel, 2 covering the whole country and starting from the north, the cradle of the national liberation struggle. 3 The celebration of national independence was the culmination, in the eyes of the leadership of Frelimo, 4 of a heroic struggle against the Portuguese fascist regime. The struggle, according to the leadership of Frelimo, mobilised all those lovers of freedom and of a just, egalitarian society, where there is no exploitation. In fact, this stance was confirmed in the first Constitution of Mozambique. Article 26 of the Constitution stipulated that, All citizens of the People's Republic of Mozambique enjoy the same rights and are subject to the same duties regardless of their colour, race, sex, ethical origin, place of birth, religion, educational level, profession ethical origin. All acts aimed at disturbing social harmony, creating divisions or situations of privilege based on colour, race, sex, etc. are punishable by law. 5 Nonetheless, despite the great ambition shown to create a harmonious society, the memories of colonialism and the alliances made during the colonial period would weigh significantly on the development strategies to be adopted, 6 as well

The notion of witchcraft, despite its suggestion of multiple abilities, can perhaps be defined, i... more The notion of witchcraft, despite its suggestion of multiple abilities, can perhaps be defined, in a large majority of African countries, as the ability to harm someone through the use of mystical power. See Cimpric A. 2010. Children Accused of Witchcraft: An anthropological study of contemporary practices in Africa. Dakar: UNICEF WCARO, 1.

Southern Journal for Contemporary History, 2022

Even though for decades poems and songs criticised Mozambicans’ migratory work in South Africa, m... more Even though for decades poems and songs criticised Mozambicans’ migratory work in South Africa, many young people from southern Mozambique still saw the work on plantations, mines and other paid occupations in South Africa as a way to be freed from the heavy burdens of marrying and raising a family and at the same time as a chance to accumulate wealth. However, in recent years the “fears” conveyed in poetry, songs, and other literary forms have gained prominence. Many Mozambicans with work experience in South Africa now point out that, “it is no longer worth going there”. By discouraging other Mozambicans from considering South Africa the “golden metropolis”, they adopt a discursive shift that is partly the result of new conjunctures, both in Mozambique and South Africa. This article aims to show that some poets and musicians have appropriated and reinterpreted the migratory work of Mozambicans in South Africa, emphasising more the negative aspects, thus contradicting the contemporary hegemonic discourse which saw migratory work in South Africa as the salvation for young and adult men. I examine, in particular, the works of José João Craveirinha. I argue that his position on migratory work is an extension of his anti-colonial struggle, which started in the 1950s. I also look at other songs by different authors who interpret migratory work based on their colonial and postcolonial experiences. I highlight that, in recent years, these critical voices tend to be taken up by people with or without experience of migratory work in South Africa to discourage further migration. Finally, I point out the poet’s and the musicians’ silences regarding Mozambican women’s migratory work in South Africa and simultaneously emphasise that women have always been discouraged from migrating. The poet and the musicians only had eyes for the local South African prostitutes who enticed Mozambican men, gave them venereal diseases and made them forget their wives and families in Mozambique.

Keywords: migratory work, Mozambique, South Africa, Craveirinha, musicians

WIDER Working Paper

This study is published within the UNU-WIDER project Addressing group-based inequalities.

This short paper deals with the Spanish Influenza in Mozambique during the end of 1918 and the be... more This short paper deals with the Spanish Influenza in Mozambique during the end of 1918 and the beginning of 1919. Based mainly on archival sources found in Arquivo Historico de Mocambique (AHM), most of them silent about the majority of the victims, the paper tries to contribute in the understanding of the dissemination of the “Gripe Pneumónica” and its response by the colonial authorities in Mozambique.
The evidence shows that the disease entered Mozambican territory mainly through the rail ways, roads and the sea and it spread to the hinterland. The colonial authorities were not prepared to deal with this scourge and the measures taken by them such as “Vacina Pneumónica”, quarantine, restriction of movements and gatherings of natives and suspension of migration, distribution of free milk and stocks, cleaning, disinfection may had had their role but is more likely that as strange as the scourge appeared and ravaged the world it strangely disappeared given the fact that there were no known causes and no therapy.