Justin Brooy - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Justin Brooy
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2000
The ability of Helicobacter pylori to activate neutrophils is associated with peptic ulcer diseas... more The ability of Helicobacter pylori to activate neutrophils is associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). One of the H. pylori factors previously suggested to stimulate neutrophil activation is the H. pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HpNAP). The primary aims of this study were to investigate the relationships between H. pylori neutrophil activation and reported variations in HpNAP expression and the napA gene sequence. The association between neutrophil activation and vacuolating cytotoxin activity was also investigated. The ability to activate neutrophils was found here to be associated with the development of PUD and was a characteristic more frequently identified in H. pylori isolates with vacuolating cytotoxin activity. However, no relationship was found between neutrophil activation and the expression of HpNAP or differences in the napA sequence. In conclusion, the ability to activate neutrophils contributes to the ulcerative potential of individual H. pylori isolates, but this activity is not mediated by differences in HpNAP.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect D, 1999
A case of meningitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii coincident with disseminated Noca... more A case of meningitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii coincident with disseminated Nocardia transvalensis infection is reported. Nocardia infection initially progressed despite high-dose antimicrobial therapy. Although a specific immunologic defect could not be defined, in vitro lymphocyte proliferation in response to stimulation with the Nocardia isolate was reduced. It is proposed that coinfection with Cryptococcus neoformans may have contributed to the observed impairment of lymphocyte function, leading to disseminated Nocardia disease and a suboptimal treatment response.
Journal of Medical Microbiology, Sep 1, 2001
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Jan 30, 2015
Recurrent or refractory Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has become an increasing problem in... more Recurrent or refractory Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has become an increasing problem in the past decade. Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) is a highly efficacious treatment for recurrent CDI, however a number of technical, logistical and regulatory issues have hampered the development of an FMT capability at many hospitals. The development of a frozen stool bank of screened donor stool is an important step in the standardization of the procedure. This gives clinicians rapid access to thoroughly screened donor stool when needed, without the ethical and logistical problems associated with patient-selected donors. We describe the practicalities of establishing such a service using a stool bank of pre-screened donor stool including detail regarding donor recruitment and screening, stool preparation and delivery of the FMT.
Nuclear Medicine Communications, 2000
Journal of medical microbiology, 2001
Helicobacter pylori is believed to trigger neutrophil activation through several factors, includi... more Helicobacter pylori is believed to trigger neutrophil activation through several factors, including the H. pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HpNAP). The aim of this study was to characterise the factors within H. pylori cell-free extracts that stimulate neutrophil activation. Neutrophil activation was found to be dose-dependent and exhibited considerable variation between different clinical isolates. Activity was attributable to more than one protein factor. A low mol. wt fraction of <3 kDa was found to contribute a large proportion of the neutrophil-stimulating activity within H. pylori cell-free extract. Additional activity was provided by a high mol. wt fraction, possibly representing HpNAP. An inhibition ELISA and neutralisation experiments failed to identify or exclude formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine as the active factor within the low mol. wt fraction. The importance of the putative, low mol. wt neutrophil-activating factor may have been overlooked by those studie...
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2000
The ability of Helicobacter pylori to activate neutrophils is associated with peptic ulcer diseas... more The ability of Helicobacter pylori to activate neutrophils is associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). One of the H. pylori factors previously suggested to stimulate neutrophil activation is the H. pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HpNAP). The primary aims of this study were to investigate the relationships between H. pylori neutrophil activation and reported variations in HpNAP expression and the napA gene sequence. The association between neutrophil activation and vacuolating cytotoxin activity was also investigated. The ability to activate neutrophils was found here to be associated with the development of PUD and was a characteristic more frequently identified in H. pylori isolates with vacuolating cytotoxin activity. However, no relationship was found between neutrophil activation and the expression of HpNAP or differences in the napA sequence. In conclusion, the ability to activate neutrophils contributes to the ulcerative potential of individual H. pylori isolates, but this activity is not mediated by differences in HpNAP.
Internal Medicine Journal, 2003
Cryobiology, 1996
A proportion of implanted cryopreserved allogeneic cardiac valves (ACV) fail due to tissue degene... more A proportion of implanted cryopreserved allogeneic cardiac valves (ACV) fail due to tissue degeneration initiated by immunological reactions. This study was carried out in a rat model system [Brown Norway (BN; RT1(n)) to Lewis (RT1(l))] to determine the possibility of cryoimmunomodulation of ACV. The immunogenicity of fresh and cryopreserved (1 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 30 degrees, and >100 degrees C/min) BN aortic valve conduits (AVC) was assessed using a mixed AVC cell/responder lymphocyte reaction. No significant differences (p > 0.05) in immunogenicity between fresh and cryopreserved (1 degrees C/min and 5 degrees C/min) AVC were observed between 120 and 168 h of co-culture. A significant reduction in immunogenicity was observed with AVC cryopreserved using cooling rates of 10 degrees, 30 degrees, and >100 degrees C/min. The viability of fresh and cryopreserved AVC was determined by a [3H]proline uptake assay. A decrease in viability was observed at cooling rates of more than 1 degrees C/min. The feasibility of cryoimmunomodulation of ACV with the maintenance of viability of a proportion of cells was demonstrated.
Arthritis & Rheumatism, 2000
To document the histology of Ross River virus (RRV) arthritis and to examine inflamed synovium fo... more To document the histology of Ross River virus (RRV) arthritis and to examine inflamed synovium for viral RNA. Biopsy tissue from the inflamed knees of 12 patients with RRV infection was studied using conventional and immunostaining techniques. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technology was used to probe for the presence of viral RNA in the synovial biopsy samples and in serum. Hyperplasia of the synovial lining layer, vascular proliferation, and mononuclear cell infiltration were the main histologic changes. RRV RNA was found in knee biopsy tissue that was obtained from 2 patients at 5 weeks after the onset of symptoms. RRV RNA was identified in inflamed synovium more than a month after symptoms began. Inflammation was apparent in the absence of detectable virus in the majority of patients.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2000
The ability of Helicobacter pylori to activate neutrophils is associated with peptic ulcer diseas... more The ability of Helicobacter pylori to activate neutrophils is associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). One of the H. pylori factors previously suggested to stimulate neutrophil activation is the H. pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HpNAP). The primary aims of this study were to investigate the relationships between H. pylori neutrophil activation and reported variations in HpNAP expression and the napA gene sequence. The association between neutrophil activation and vacuolating cytotoxin activity was also investigated. The ability to activate neutrophils was found here to be associated with the development of PUD and was a characteristic more frequently identified in H. pylori isolates with vacuolating cytotoxin activity. However, no relationship was found between neutrophil activation and the expression of HpNAP or differences in the napA sequence. In conclusion, the ability to activate neutrophils contributes to the ulcerative potential of individual H. pylori isolates, but this activity is not mediated by differences in HpNAP.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect D, 1999
A case of meningitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii coincident with disseminated Noca... more A case of meningitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii coincident with disseminated Nocardia transvalensis infection is reported. Nocardia infection initially progressed despite high-dose antimicrobial therapy. Although a specific immunologic defect could not be defined, in vitro lymphocyte proliferation in response to stimulation with the Nocardia isolate was reduced. It is proposed that coinfection with Cryptococcus neoformans may have contributed to the observed impairment of lymphocyte function, leading to disseminated Nocardia disease and a suboptimal treatment response.
Journal of Medical Microbiology, Sep 1, 2001
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Jan 30, 2015
Recurrent or refractory Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has become an increasing problem in... more Recurrent or refractory Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has become an increasing problem in the past decade. Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) is a highly efficacious treatment for recurrent CDI, however a number of technical, logistical and regulatory issues have hampered the development of an FMT capability at many hospitals. The development of a frozen stool bank of screened donor stool is an important step in the standardization of the procedure. This gives clinicians rapid access to thoroughly screened donor stool when needed, without the ethical and logistical problems associated with patient-selected donors. We describe the practicalities of establishing such a service using a stool bank of pre-screened donor stool including detail regarding donor recruitment and screening, stool preparation and delivery of the FMT.
Nuclear Medicine Communications, 2000
Journal of medical microbiology, 2001
Helicobacter pylori is believed to trigger neutrophil activation through several factors, includi... more Helicobacter pylori is believed to trigger neutrophil activation through several factors, including the H. pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HpNAP). The aim of this study was to characterise the factors within H. pylori cell-free extracts that stimulate neutrophil activation. Neutrophil activation was found to be dose-dependent and exhibited considerable variation between different clinical isolates. Activity was attributable to more than one protein factor. A low mol. wt fraction of <3 kDa was found to contribute a large proportion of the neutrophil-stimulating activity within H. pylori cell-free extract. Additional activity was provided by a high mol. wt fraction, possibly representing HpNAP. An inhibition ELISA and neutralisation experiments failed to identify or exclude formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine as the active factor within the low mol. wt fraction. The importance of the putative, low mol. wt neutrophil-activating factor may have been overlooked by those studie...
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2000
The ability of Helicobacter pylori to activate neutrophils is associated with peptic ulcer diseas... more The ability of Helicobacter pylori to activate neutrophils is associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). One of the H. pylori factors previously suggested to stimulate neutrophil activation is the H. pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HpNAP). The primary aims of this study were to investigate the relationships between H. pylori neutrophil activation and reported variations in HpNAP expression and the napA gene sequence. The association between neutrophil activation and vacuolating cytotoxin activity was also investigated. The ability to activate neutrophils was found here to be associated with the development of PUD and was a characteristic more frequently identified in H. pylori isolates with vacuolating cytotoxin activity. However, no relationship was found between neutrophil activation and the expression of HpNAP or differences in the napA sequence. In conclusion, the ability to activate neutrophils contributes to the ulcerative potential of individual H. pylori isolates, but this activity is not mediated by differences in HpNAP.
Internal Medicine Journal, 2003
Cryobiology, 1996
A proportion of implanted cryopreserved allogeneic cardiac valves (ACV) fail due to tissue degene... more A proportion of implanted cryopreserved allogeneic cardiac valves (ACV) fail due to tissue degeneration initiated by immunological reactions. This study was carried out in a rat model system [Brown Norway (BN; RT1(n)) to Lewis (RT1(l))] to determine the possibility of cryoimmunomodulation of ACV. The immunogenicity of fresh and cryopreserved (1 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 30 degrees, and >100 degrees C/min) BN aortic valve conduits (AVC) was assessed using a mixed AVC cell/responder lymphocyte reaction. No significant differences (p > 0.05) in immunogenicity between fresh and cryopreserved (1 degrees C/min and 5 degrees C/min) AVC were observed between 120 and 168 h of co-culture. A significant reduction in immunogenicity was observed with AVC cryopreserved using cooling rates of 10 degrees, 30 degrees, and >100 degrees C/min. The viability of fresh and cryopreserved AVC was determined by a [3H]proline uptake assay. A decrease in viability was observed at cooling rates of more than 1 degrees C/min. The feasibility of cryoimmunomodulation of ACV with the maintenance of viability of a proportion of cells was demonstrated.
Arthritis & Rheumatism, 2000
To document the histology of Ross River virus (RRV) arthritis and to examine inflamed synovium fo... more To document the histology of Ross River virus (RRV) arthritis and to examine inflamed synovium for viral RNA. Biopsy tissue from the inflamed knees of 12 patients with RRV infection was studied using conventional and immunostaining techniques. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technology was used to probe for the presence of viral RNA in the synovial biopsy samples and in serum. Hyperplasia of the synovial lining layer, vascular proliferation, and mononuclear cell infiltration were the main histologic changes. RRV RNA was found in knee biopsy tissue that was obtained from 2 patients at 5 weeks after the onset of symptoms. RRV RNA was identified in inflamed synovium more than a month after symptoms began. Inflammation was apparent in the absence of detectable virus in the majority of patients.