Justin Faris - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Justin Faris
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Jan 26, 2024
Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of provid... more Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 105 and is also made available for use under a CC0 license.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2023
Frontiers in Plant Science, Dec 11, 2018
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Oct 12, 2016
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Feb 1, 2001
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, May 14, 2005
Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions, Apr 1, 2022
New Phytologist, Aug 3, 2021
Summary Parastagonospora nodorum is a fungal pathogen of wheat. As a necrotrophic specialist, it ... more Summary Parastagonospora nodorum is a fungal pathogen of wheat. As a necrotrophic specialist, it deploys effector proteins that target dominant host susceptibility genes to elicit programmed cell death (PCD). Here we identify and functionally validate the effector targeting the host susceptibility genes Snn2, Snn6 and Snn7. We utilized whole‐genome sequencing, association mapping, gene‐disrupted mutants, gain‐of‐function transformants, virulence assays, bioinformatics and quantitative PCR to characterize these interactions. A single proteinaceous effector, SnTox267, targeted Snn2, Snn6 and Snn7 to trigger PCD. Snn2 and Snn6 functioned cooperatively to trigger PCD in a light‐dependent pathway, whereas Snn7‐mediated PCD functioned in a light‐independent pathway. Isolates harboring 20 SnTox267 protein isoforms quantitatively varied in virulence. The diversity and distribution of isoforms varied between populations, indicating adaptation to local selection pressures. SnTox267 deletion resulted in the upregulation of effector genes SnToxA, SnTox1 and SnTox3. We validated a novel effector operating in an inverse‐gene‐for‐gene manner to target three genetically distinct host susceptibility genes and elicit PCD. The discovery of the complementary gene action of Snn2 and Snn6 indicates their potential function in a guard or decoy model. Additionally, differences in light dependency in the elicited pathways and upregulation of unlinked effectors sheds new light onto a complex fungal necrotroph–host interaction.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2017
Fine mapping of Stb16q, a major resistance gene effective against Zymoseptoria tritici in wheat. ... more Fine mapping of Stb16q, a major resistance gene effective against Zymoseptoria tritici in wheat. 4. Workshop on Pathogen-informed crop improvemen
Book of abstracts p. 61ISBN: 978-3-900932-48-0Stb16q-mediated resistance against Zymoseptoria tri... more Book of abstracts p. 61ISBN: 978-3-900932-48-0Stb16q-mediated resistance against Zymoseptoria tritici is conferred by a new class of R gene. 13. International Wheat Genetics Symposiu
Compendium of plant genomes, Nov 13, 2023
New Phytologist, Aug 3, 2021
Summary Parastagonospora nodorum is an economically important necrotrophic fungal pathogen of whe... more Summary Parastagonospora nodorum is an economically important necrotrophic fungal pathogen of wheat. Parastagonospora nodorum secretes necrotrophic effectors that target wheat susceptibility genes to induce programmed cell death (PCD). In this study, we cloned and functionally validated SnTox5 and characterized its role in pathogenesis. We used whole genome sequencing, genome‐wide association study (GWAS) mapping, CRISPR‐Cas9‐based gene disruption, gain‐of‐function transformation, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis, haplotype and isoform analysis, protein modeling, quantitative PCR, and laser confocal microscopy to validate SnTox5 and functionally characterize SnTox5. SnTox5 is a mature 16.26 kDa protein with high structural similarity to SnTox3. Wild‐type and mutant P. nodorum strains and wheat genotypes of SnTox5 and Snn5, respectively, were used to show that SnTox5 not only targets Snn5 to induce PCD but also facilitates the colonization of the mesophyll layer even in the absence of Snn5. Here we show that SnTox5 facilitates the efficient colonization of the mesophyll tissue and elicits PCD specific to host lines carrying Snn5. The homology to SnTox3 and the ability of SnTox5 to facilitate the colonizing of the mesophyll also suggest a role in the suppression of host defense before PCD induction.
Annual Review of Phytopathology, Aug 25, 2021
Great strides have been made in defining the details of the plant defense response involving biot... more Great strides have been made in defining the details of the plant defense response involving biotrophic fungal and bacterial pathogens. The groundwork for the current model was laid by H.H. Flor and others who defined the gene-for-gene hypothesis, which is now known to involve effector-triggered immunity (ETI). PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) is also a highly effective response to most pathogens because of the recognition of common pathogen molecules by pattern recognition receptors. In this article, we consider the three pathogens that make up the foliar disease complex of wheat, Zymoseptoria tritici, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, and Parastagonospora nodorum, to review the means by which necrotrophic pathogens circumvent, or outright hijack, the ETI and PTI pathways to cause disease.
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Aug 1, 2020
Plant fungal pathogens can be classified according to their lifestyles. Biotrophs feed on living ... more Plant fungal pathogens can be classified according to their lifestyles. Biotrophs feed on living tissue and constitute an economically significant group of pathogens historically. Necrotrophs, which feed on dead tissue, have become economically significant over recent decades, especially those of the Dothideomycetes, which produce necrotrophic effectors (NEs) to modulate the host response. Some of these pathogens interact with their hosts in an inverse gene-for-gene manner, where NEs are recognized by specific dominant genes in the host leading to host-mediated programmed cell death allowing the pathogen to cause disease. Whereas the NE genes tend to be unique, several of the plant 'susceptibility' genes belong to the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat class of disease 'resistance' genes, and one is a wall-associated kinase. These susceptible interactions exhibit hallmarks of defense responses to biotrophic pathogens. Therefore, there is now accumulating evidence that many necrotrophic specialists hijack the resistance mechanisms that are effective against biotrophic pathogens.
Canadian journal of plant pathology, Mar 22, 2010
Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) has long been a problem in wheat production areas by affecting ... more Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) has long been a problem in wheat production areas by affecting both the leaves and glumes of susceptible bread and durum wheat. Resistance to both disease phases has been shown to be complexly inherited and although much effort has gone into the identification and introgression of disease resistance, less than satisfactory progress has been made in
Plant Physiology, Dec 7, 2007
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Jan 26, 2024
Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of provid... more Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 105 and is also made available for use under a CC0 license.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2023
Frontiers in Plant Science, Dec 11, 2018
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Oct 12, 2016
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Feb 1, 2001
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, May 14, 2005
Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions, Apr 1, 2022
New Phytologist, Aug 3, 2021
Summary Parastagonospora nodorum is a fungal pathogen of wheat. As a necrotrophic specialist, it ... more Summary Parastagonospora nodorum is a fungal pathogen of wheat. As a necrotrophic specialist, it deploys effector proteins that target dominant host susceptibility genes to elicit programmed cell death (PCD). Here we identify and functionally validate the effector targeting the host susceptibility genes Snn2, Snn6 and Snn7. We utilized whole‐genome sequencing, association mapping, gene‐disrupted mutants, gain‐of‐function transformants, virulence assays, bioinformatics and quantitative PCR to characterize these interactions. A single proteinaceous effector, SnTox267, targeted Snn2, Snn6 and Snn7 to trigger PCD. Snn2 and Snn6 functioned cooperatively to trigger PCD in a light‐dependent pathway, whereas Snn7‐mediated PCD functioned in a light‐independent pathway. Isolates harboring 20 SnTox267 protein isoforms quantitatively varied in virulence. The diversity and distribution of isoforms varied between populations, indicating adaptation to local selection pressures. SnTox267 deletion resulted in the upregulation of effector genes SnToxA, SnTox1 and SnTox3. We validated a novel effector operating in an inverse‐gene‐for‐gene manner to target three genetically distinct host susceptibility genes and elicit PCD. The discovery of the complementary gene action of Snn2 and Snn6 indicates their potential function in a guard or decoy model. Additionally, differences in light dependency in the elicited pathways and upregulation of unlinked effectors sheds new light onto a complex fungal necrotroph–host interaction.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2017
Fine mapping of Stb16q, a major resistance gene effective against Zymoseptoria tritici in wheat. ... more Fine mapping of Stb16q, a major resistance gene effective against Zymoseptoria tritici in wheat. 4. Workshop on Pathogen-informed crop improvemen
Book of abstracts p. 61ISBN: 978-3-900932-48-0Stb16q-mediated resistance against Zymoseptoria tri... more Book of abstracts p. 61ISBN: 978-3-900932-48-0Stb16q-mediated resistance against Zymoseptoria tritici is conferred by a new class of R gene. 13. International Wheat Genetics Symposiu
Compendium of plant genomes, Nov 13, 2023
New Phytologist, Aug 3, 2021
Summary Parastagonospora nodorum is an economically important necrotrophic fungal pathogen of whe... more Summary Parastagonospora nodorum is an economically important necrotrophic fungal pathogen of wheat. Parastagonospora nodorum secretes necrotrophic effectors that target wheat susceptibility genes to induce programmed cell death (PCD). In this study, we cloned and functionally validated SnTox5 and characterized its role in pathogenesis. We used whole genome sequencing, genome‐wide association study (GWAS) mapping, CRISPR‐Cas9‐based gene disruption, gain‐of‐function transformation, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis, haplotype and isoform analysis, protein modeling, quantitative PCR, and laser confocal microscopy to validate SnTox5 and functionally characterize SnTox5. SnTox5 is a mature 16.26 kDa protein with high structural similarity to SnTox3. Wild‐type and mutant P. nodorum strains and wheat genotypes of SnTox5 and Snn5, respectively, were used to show that SnTox5 not only targets Snn5 to induce PCD but also facilitates the colonization of the mesophyll layer even in the absence of Snn5. Here we show that SnTox5 facilitates the efficient colonization of the mesophyll tissue and elicits PCD specific to host lines carrying Snn5. The homology to SnTox3 and the ability of SnTox5 to facilitate the colonizing of the mesophyll also suggest a role in the suppression of host defense before PCD induction.
Annual Review of Phytopathology, Aug 25, 2021
Great strides have been made in defining the details of the plant defense response involving biot... more Great strides have been made in defining the details of the plant defense response involving biotrophic fungal and bacterial pathogens. The groundwork for the current model was laid by H.H. Flor and others who defined the gene-for-gene hypothesis, which is now known to involve effector-triggered immunity (ETI). PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) is also a highly effective response to most pathogens because of the recognition of common pathogen molecules by pattern recognition receptors. In this article, we consider the three pathogens that make up the foliar disease complex of wheat, Zymoseptoria tritici, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, and Parastagonospora nodorum, to review the means by which necrotrophic pathogens circumvent, or outright hijack, the ETI and PTI pathways to cause disease.
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Aug 1, 2020
Plant fungal pathogens can be classified according to their lifestyles. Biotrophs feed on living ... more Plant fungal pathogens can be classified according to their lifestyles. Biotrophs feed on living tissue and constitute an economically significant group of pathogens historically. Necrotrophs, which feed on dead tissue, have become economically significant over recent decades, especially those of the Dothideomycetes, which produce necrotrophic effectors (NEs) to modulate the host response. Some of these pathogens interact with their hosts in an inverse gene-for-gene manner, where NEs are recognized by specific dominant genes in the host leading to host-mediated programmed cell death allowing the pathogen to cause disease. Whereas the NE genes tend to be unique, several of the plant 'susceptibility' genes belong to the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat class of disease 'resistance' genes, and one is a wall-associated kinase. These susceptible interactions exhibit hallmarks of defense responses to biotrophic pathogens. Therefore, there is now accumulating evidence that many necrotrophic specialists hijack the resistance mechanisms that are effective against biotrophic pathogens.
Canadian journal of plant pathology, Mar 22, 2010
Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) has long been a problem in wheat production areas by affecting ... more Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) has long been a problem in wheat production areas by affecting both the leaves and glumes of susceptible bread and durum wheat. Resistance to both disease phases has been shown to be complexly inherited and although much effort has gone into the identification and introgression of disease resistance, less than satisfactory progress has been made in
Plant Physiology, Dec 7, 2007