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Archives of Civil Engineering

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jan 4, 2023

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jan 4, 2023

Analecta Technica Szegedinensia, 2021

The significance of the impact of water-related diseases on human health has been recognized as a... more The significance of the impact of water-related diseases on human health has been recognized as a major threat to sustainable human development in some international forums. This study is an investigation into the correlation between unclean water and the outbreak of water-related diseases in Nigeria. It was established from the review of previous researches that the concept of clean water and sanitation is critical to the good health and well-being of all individuals. Nigeria still has a long way to go towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goal number 6 (SDG 6) of the United Nations, hence it is high time government at all levels and individuals embraced Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) agenda 2030.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021

Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) is an agricultural waste produced from the palm oil industries and dispo... more Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) is an agricultural waste produced from the palm oil industries and disposes off into an open ground without any reprocessing or profitable return, has been established to enrich concrete durability as well as mechanical properties when used to replace cement. However the POFA used to partially substitute cement in self-compacting concrete (SCC) production were done on material properties by fabricating standard specimens such as cylinders, prisms and cubes. Moreover, the utilization of POFA to partially substitute cement to cast reinforced concrete structural members is not common compared to fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag. This study therefore focuses on structural performance of reinforced self-compacting concrete columns produced with palm oil fuel ash. Two mixes of SCC containing 0% and 15% of POFA were prepared to fabricate the columns. The main variables considered were percentage of POFA content, percentage of steel reinforcement rat...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021

One of the efforts to reduce the dependency of concrete production on natural resources along wit... more One of the efforts to reduce the dependency of concrete production on natural resources along with carbon reduction is by utilizing recoverable materials as concrete constituents such as crumb rubber from scrap tires and fly ash from industrial waste. This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of rubberized fly ash concrete which utilized crumb rubber and fly ash as a replacement for a proportion of fine aggregate and cement, respectively. Crumb rubber was used to replace 5 and 10% fine aggregate while fly ash was used to replace 10% OPC by weight. Three different water-binder (w/b) ratio, 0.55, 0.50 and 0.45, were used. The concrete specimens were prepared and tested for their density, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength. Result gathered from the experimental works show a reduction in properties of rubberized concrete when compared to conventional concrete. By using a lower w/b ratio, the reduction tends to decrease and rubberized c...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020

Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) has been widely utilized to replace cement in self – compacting concrete... more Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) has been widely utilized to replace cement in self – compacting concrete (SCC) to reduce the cost of its production, environmental pollution and health hazard caused in the cement production. However, the effect of high temperatures on SCC incorporating POFA has not been well established. The purpose of this research is to examine effects of high temperatures on the physical and compressive strength properties of SCC incorporating POFA with replacement level of 20% by weight of cement. The compressive strengths of SCC specimens were evaluated at 28 days of curing using both cubes and cylinders. Thereafter, the SCC specimens were exposed to high temperatures of 200, 400, 600 and 800 °C using an electric furnace for a period of 2 hours after attaining the required temperatures. After exposure, mass losses together with residual compressive strength were determined. The results of the test showed that there was a continuous reduction in mass of the specimens wi...

Construction and Building Materials, 2021

Abstract Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) has been extensively used to substitute cement in the productio... more Abstract Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) has been extensively used to substitute cement in the production of self-compacting concrete (SCC) to lessen its production cost, health hazard, energy consumption problems and environmental pollution caused during the production of cement. Nevertheless, the impact of elevated temperatures on self-compacting concrete produced with POFA (POFA-SCC) has not been studied extensively. When designing the fire resistance of concrete at elevated temperatures, its compressive strength is of primary interest. This research endeavor is carried out to study the impact of elevated temperatures on the microstructure and compressive strength of SCC produced from POFA with 15% replacement level by weight of cement. The 28 days compressive strength of SCC samples was determined using concrete cubes. Subsequently, the SCC samples were subjected to elevated temperatures which varying from 200 to 1000 °C at an intermission of 200 °C utilizing an automatic regulated electric furnace for duration of 120 min after reaching the requisite temperatures. After heating, mass losses and compressive strength were evaluated. The microstructures of SCC were also examined by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis. Results revealed that there was an incessant loss in mass of the cubes with upsurge in temperature. There was an upsurge in the values of compressive strength at 400 °C whereas it fluctuated sharply at the range of 400–600 °C, 600–800 °C and 800–1000 °C for the two mixes. The results of the microstructures showed the transformation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) into distinctive phases. The outcome of this research will be applicable in high fire resistance structures and also help to minimize the waste from palm oil factory.

Construction and Building Materials, 2020

h i g h l i g h t s POFA, a waste material can be used to replace part of cement in the productio... more h i g h l i g h t s POFA, a waste material can be used to replace part of cement in the production of SCC. Heat treatment reduced the carbon content and LOI of POFA. SCC containing POFA showed high resistance against acid attack, sulfate attack. SCC incorporating POFA has high value of compressive strength at later days of curing. Ettringites were noticed in control SCC but it vanished for POFA SCC at 7 days.

Archives of Civil Engineering

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jan 4, 2023

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jan 4, 2023

Analecta Technica Szegedinensia, 2021

The significance of the impact of water-related diseases on human health has been recognized as a... more The significance of the impact of water-related diseases on human health has been recognized as a major threat to sustainable human development in some international forums. This study is an investigation into the correlation between unclean water and the outbreak of water-related diseases in Nigeria. It was established from the review of previous researches that the concept of clean water and sanitation is critical to the good health and well-being of all individuals. Nigeria still has a long way to go towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goal number 6 (SDG 6) of the United Nations, hence it is high time government at all levels and individuals embraced Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) agenda 2030.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021

Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) is an agricultural waste produced from the palm oil industries and dispo... more Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) is an agricultural waste produced from the palm oil industries and disposes off into an open ground without any reprocessing or profitable return, has been established to enrich concrete durability as well as mechanical properties when used to replace cement. However the POFA used to partially substitute cement in self-compacting concrete (SCC) production were done on material properties by fabricating standard specimens such as cylinders, prisms and cubes. Moreover, the utilization of POFA to partially substitute cement to cast reinforced concrete structural members is not common compared to fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag. This study therefore focuses on structural performance of reinforced self-compacting concrete columns produced with palm oil fuel ash. Two mixes of SCC containing 0% and 15% of POFA were prepared to fabricate the columns. The main variables considered were percentage of POFA content, percentage of steel reinforcement rat...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021

One of the efforts to reduce the dependency of concrete production on natural resources along wit... more One of the efforts to reduce the dependency of concrete production on natural resources along with carbon reduction is by utilizing recoverable materials as concrete constituents such as crumb rubber from scrap tires and fly ash from industrial waste. This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of rubberized fly ash concrete which utilized crumb rubber and fly ash as a replacement for a proportion of fine aggregate and cement, respectively. Crumb rubber was used to replace 5 and 10% fine aggregate while fly ash was used to replace 10% OPC by weight. Three different water-binder (w/b) ratio, 0.55, 0.50 and 0.45, were used. The concrete specimens were prepared and tested for their density, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength. Result gathered from the experimental works show a reduction in properties of rubberized concrete when compared to conventional concrete. By using a lower w/b ratio, the reduction tends to decrease and rubberized c...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020

Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) has been widely utilized to replace cement in self – compacting concrete... more Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) has been widely utilized to replace cement in self – compacting concrete (SCC) to reduce the cost of its production, environmental pollution and health hazard caused in the cement production. However, the effect of high temperatures on SCC incorporating POFA has not been well established. The purpose of this research is to examine effects of high temperatures on the physical and compressive strength properties of SCC incorporating POFA with replacement level of 20% by weight of cement. The compressive strengths of SCC specimens were evaluated at 28 days of curing using both cubes and cylinders. Thereafter, the SCC specimens were exposed to high temperatures of 200, 400, 600 and 800 °C using an electric furnace for a period of 2 hours after attaining the required temperatures. After exposure, mass losses together with residual compressive strength were determined. The results of the test showed that there was a continuous reduction in mass of the specimens wi...

Construction and Building Materials, 2021

Abstract Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) has been extensively used to substitute cement in the productio... more Abstract Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) has been extensively used to substitute cement in the production of self-compacting concrete (SCC) to lessen its production cost, health hazard, energy consumption problems and environmental pollution caused during the production of cement. Nevertheless, the impact of elevated temperatures on self-compacting concrete produced with POFA (POFA-SCC) has not been studied extensively. When designing the fire resistance of concrete at elevated temperatures, its compressive strength is of primary interest. This research endeavor is carried out to study the impact of elevated temperatures on the microstructure and compressive strength of SCC produced from POFA with 15% replacement level by weight of cement. The 28 days compressive strength of SCC samples was determined using concrete cubes. Subsequently, the SCC samples were subjected to elevated temperatures which varying from 200 to 1000 °C at an intermission of 200 °C utilizing an automatic regulated electric furnace for duration of 120 min after reaching the requisite temperatures. After heating, mass losses and compressive strength were evaluated. The microstructures of SCC were also examined by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis. Results revealed that there was an incessant loss in mass of the cubes with upsurge in temperature. There was an upsurge in the values of compressive strength at 400 °C whereas it fluctuated sharply at the range of 400–600 °C, 600–800 °C and 800–1000 °C for the two mixes. The results of the microstructures showed the transformation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) into distinctive phases. The outcome of this research will be applicable in high fire resistance structures and also help to minimize the waste from palm oil factory.

Construction and Building Materials, 2020

h i g h l i g h t s POFA, a waste material can be used to replace part of cement in the productio... more h i g h l i g h t s POFA, a waste material can be used to replace part of cement in the production of SCC. Heat treatment reduced the carbon content and LOI of POFA. SCC containing POFA showed high resistance against acid attack, sulfate attack. SCC incorporating POFA has high value of compressive strength at later days of curing. Ettringites were noticed in control SCC but it vanished for POFA SCC at 7 days.