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Papers by Kanat Bazarbayev
Rusin, 2021
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Russian Empire played an important role in the pro... more In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Russian Empire played an important role in the processes of European migration. Of particular importance was the migration policy with the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The Czechs, Rusins, Poles, and Slovaks, who belonged to the Austro-Hungarian population, settled mainly in the European part of the Russian Empire and engaged mainly in agriculture, while the Austrians and Germans opened industrial enterprises in the cities of Western Siberia (Governor- Generalship of the Steppes, 1882–1918). In general, there were two reasons why the Austro-Hungarians settled in Western Siberia and Turkestan: some voluntarily resettled and contributed to the economic and social development of the regions, while others had to move here as prisoners of war. However, it should be noted that in both cases, the tsarist administration did not restrict their social and legal status. The article examines the reasons for the stay of Austro-Hungarian subjects in Weste...
Journal of history, 2018
The article examines new approaches to the Jadid movement, educational ideas shaping the national... more The article examines new approaches to the Jadid movement, educational ideas shaping the national liberation ideology in Central Asia, as well as political programs and strategic goals of the national liberation movement. Such educational maintenance of Jadidism in the course of social and political development of the country has changed the status of old social and political system, having provided her new, original character. Together with it, process of formation and high-quality changes of Jadidism in the country can be divided into two periods: cultural and educational and period of political struggle. The educational ideas of Jadidism have generated need to reform an education system in the country according to modern models. Naturally, such reforms have adopted also the colonial authorities in the country. In the course of education system reform realization the imperial government protecting colonial interests in the actions relied on the principles of Great Russian chauvinism.
Abstract: Background: In prisons they are struggling in order to prevent inmates to commit suicid... more Abstract: Background: In prisons they are struggling in order to prevent inmates to commit suicide. However, the difficult conditions that occur in prisons can contribute to suicide. In countries s ...
Bylye Gody, 2020
The article focuses on the influence of the state Yettishar in the 60-70s of the XIX century on K... more The article focuses on the influence of the state Yettishar in the 60-70s of the XIX century on Kazakhs and Kirghiz who were in the possession Turkestan Governor-General of the Russian Empire. For the purpose of disclosing this problem, the materials of the Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Central State Archives of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Central State Archive of the Kyrgyz Republic were used. The formation of the state of Yettishar had a significant impact on the Kazakhs and Kyrgyz of the Russian Empire. Archival documents prove that as a result of negotiations between the Turkestan Governor-General and the ruler of Kashgaria, a number of issues on the resettlement of Kazakh-Kyrgyz aristocrats in East Turkestan were resolved. This is because the Russian Empire wanted the existence of a buffer state between the two Qin empires and great Britain. It can be said that the political processes taking place in Kashgar were under the control of the tsarist government. Representatives of the Kazakhs and Kirghiz, who opposed the policy of the tsarist government in Central Asia, went to the state of Yettishar for support. Yakub-Bek was pressed into the service of the Kazakhs and Kyrgyz, who moved from the possessions of the Russian Empire in the state of Hattisar. Some members of the noble Kazakhs and Kirghiz had held high positions in the state Hattisar. However, they failed to achieve their goals due to internal strife and the restoration of The Qing Empire in Kashgar. The changing policy of the Kashgar rulers contributed to the formation of a diverse opinion among the Kazakh-Kyrgyz nobility who served them. One group of aristocrats decided to return to the Russian Empire, others thought to continue the received directions. This was used effectively with the tsarist administration. Later, due to the termination of the existence of the state of Yattishar, many of the Kazakhs and Kirghiz returned from Kashgaria to their homeland.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013
Jadidism as a new socio-political, reform movement in Central Asia and Kazakhstan occurred at the... more Jadidism as a new socio-political, reform movement in Central Asia and Kazakhstan occurred at the beginning of XX century under the strong influence of the revolution of 1905 in Russia and revolution in Turkey, Iran, India of 1908-1913. Although for occurring jadidism some ground was prepared in the second half of the XIX century as a result of activity of such educators as Danish Ahmad (1827-1897), Furkat (1858-1909), Mukimi (1850-1903), Abay (1845-1904) and others. From the very beginning the Jadids were aimed to the reform of the traditional system of education of Muslim religious school, establishing new-method schools, publishing, theatre, social, and political and cultural institutions, which, under their influence, were turning into a powerful ideological weapon in the struggle against economical, moral, and political backwardness of the peoples of Turkestan more and more. They were eager to study the experience and progress of the other people of the world, especially the best practices of the Muslim reformers of the Crimea, the Volga Region, the Transcaucasia, Turkey, and Iran, who had already became aware of the progressive social and political, spiritual and cultural life of Europe. The main merit of the Jadids of Turkestan consists in the fact that they were the first to ground political arguments of the national liberation movement against Russian colonialism. The national elite of Turkestan discredited the 'legitimacy' of the colonial form of government, and later it served as the basis of a powerful political movement.
Asian Social Science, 2012
The article deals with the history of national-progressive movement of the late 19 th and early 2... more The article deals with the history of national-progressive movement of the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries which is called "Jadidism". The history of Jadidism and its evolution from enlightenment to powerful political movement are retraced in the article. Jadidism is considered as the phenomenal public occurence in the history. It arouse in the depth of the Central Asian society on the basis of a harmonious combination of a rich spiritual heritage and as realization of its place in realities of that time and the necessity of its reforming for successful prosperity in the future. Now, there appears the possibility of restoring the historical truth in the conditions of profound changes in the historical science. The need for resolute revision of former aims about role and place in historical process of national-progressive movement has ripened as the unique social and political phenomenon in the early 20 th century. This phenomenon promoted a national consciousness growth and is of the essence in formation and development of national-liberation ideology, in struggle for independence.
Asian and African studies, 2021
This article considers the history of Kazakhstan in the 1920s and 1930s from the point of view of... more This article considers the history of Kazakhstan in the 1920s and 1930s from the point of view of the "empire of positive action" concept, introduced by Martin Terry. The purpose of the article is to analyze and evaluate historical events in Kazakhstan as an integral part of world history through the use of new methodological approaches. The scientific and practical value of the study is determined by the opportunity to draw accurate conclusions about the national policy pursued
Journal of Social Sciences (COES&RJ-JSS)
The main goal of the motion of young Turkish men was to raise the education to the qualified leve... more The main goal of the motion of young Turkish men was to raise the education to the qualified level in exact politic activities with programmatic document concerning the social politic modernization in the country. The idea of improving an education that was formed in the process of young Turkish's educational activities was shown in the articles and speeches of figures who took an active part in this uprising. The educational ideas of young Turkish were developed in their own way. Because, the pedagogical ideas substantiated by the figures of young Turkish were the basis to form a national Turkey Republic. In М.К.Ataturk's state programs of forming new Turkey Republic the pedagogical ideas of young Turkish have been continued further on. Similar to this, it must be pointed out that the main peculiarities of an education in Turkestan region was the system opposed to an old education system which was the reason of increasing the number of ignorant people in Middle Ages and government power against chauvinism invasion.
Rusin, 2021
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Russian Empire played an important role in the pro... more In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Russian Empire played an important role in the processes of European migration. Of particular importance was the migration policy with the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The Czechs, Rusins, Poles, and Slovaks, who belonged to the Austro-Hungarian population, settled mainly in the European part of the Russian Empire and engaged mainly in agriculture, while the Austrians and Germans opened industrial enterprises in the cities of Western Siberia (Governor- Generalship of the Steppes, 1882–1918). In general, there were two reasons why the Austro-Hungarians settled in Western Siberia and Turkestan: some voluntarily resettled and contributed to the economic and social development of the regions, while others had to move here as prisoners of war. However, it should be noted that in both cases, the tsarist administration did not restrict their social and legal status. The article examines the reasons for the stay of Austro-Hungarian subjects in Weste...
Journal of history, 2018
The article examines new approaches to the Jadid movement, educational ideas shaping the national... more The article examines new approaches to the Jadid movement, educational ideas shaping the national liberation ideology in Central Asia, as well as political programs and strategic goals of the national liberation movement. Such educational maintenance of Jadidism in the course of social and political development of the country has changed the status of old social and political system, having provided her new, original character. Together with it, process of formation and high-quality changes of Jadidism in the country can be divided into two periods: cultural and educational and period of political struggle. The educational ideas of Jadidism have generated need to reform an education system in the country according to modern models. Naturally, such reforms have adopted also the colonial authorities in the country. In the course of education system reform realization the imperial government protecting colonial interests in the actions relied on the principles of Great Russian chauvinism.
Abstract: Background: In prisons they are struggling in order to prevent inmates to commit suicid... more Abstract: Background: In prisons they are struggling in order to prevent inmates to commit suicide. However, the difficult conditions that occur in prisons can contribute to suicide. In countries s ...
Bylye Gody, 2020
The article focuses on the influence of the state Yettishar in the 60-70s of the XIX century on K... more The article focuses on the influence of the state Yettishar in the 60-70s of the XIX century on Kazakhs and Kirghiz who were in the possession Turkestan Governor-General of the Russian Empire. For the purpose of disclosing this problem, the materials of the Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Central State Archives of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Central State Archive of the Kyrgyz Republic were used. The formation of the state of Yettishar had a significant impact on the Kazakhs and Kyrgyz of the Russian Empire. Archival documents prove that as a result of negotiations between the Turkestan Governor-General and the ruler of Kashgaria, a number of issues on the resettlement of Kazakh-Kyrgyz aristocrats in East Turkestan were resolved. This is because the Russian Empire wanted the existence of a buffer state between the two Qin empires and great Britain. It can be said that the political processes taking place in Kashgar were under the control of the tsarist government. Representatives of the Kazakhs and Kirghiz, who opposed the policy of the tsarist government in Central Asia, went to the state of Yettishar for support. Yakub-Bek was pressed into the service of the Kazakhs and Kyrgyz, who moved from the possessions of the Russian Empire in the state of Hattisar. Some members of the noble Kazakhs and Kirghiz had held high positions in the state Hattisar. However, they failed to achieve their goals due to internal strife and the restoration of The Qing Empire in Kashgar. The changing policy of the Kashgar rulers contributed to the formation of a diverse opinion among the Kazakh-Kyrgyz nobility who served them. One group of aristocrats decided to return to the Russian Empire, others thought to continue the received directions. This was used effectively with the tsarist administration. Later, due to the termination of the existence of the state of Yattishar, many of the Kazakhs and Kirghiz returned from Kashgaria to their homeland.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013
Jadidism as a new socio-political, reform movement in Central Asia and Kazakhstan occurred at the... more Jadidism as a new socio-political, reform movement in Central Asia and Kazakhstan occurred at the beginning of XX century under the strong influence of the revolution of 1905 in Russia and revolution in Turkey, Iran, India of 1908-1913. Although for occurring jadidism some ground was prepared in the second half of the XIX century as a result of activity of such educators as Danish Ahmad (1827-1897), Furkat (1858-1909), Mukimi (1850-1903), Abay (1845-1904) and others. From the very beginning the Jadids were aimed to the reform of the traditional system of education of Muslim religious school, establishing new-method schools, publishing, theatre, social, and political and cultural institutions, which, under their influence, were turning into a powerful ideological weapon in the struggle against economical, moral, and political backwardness of the peoples of Turkestan more and more. They were eager to study the experience and progress of the other people of the world, especially the best practices of the Muslim reformers of the Crimea, the Volga Region, the Transcaucasia, Turkey, and Iran, who had already became aware of the progressive social and political, spiritual and cultural life of Europe. The main merit of the Jadids of Turkestan consists in the fact that they were the first to ground political arguments of the national liberation movement against Russian colonialism. The national elite of Turkestan discredited the 'legitimacy' of the colonial form of government, and later it served as the basis of a powerful political movement.
Asian Social Science, 2012
The article deals with the history of national-progressive movement of the late 19 th and early 2... more The article deals with the history of national-progressive movement of the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries which is called "Jadidism". The history of Jadidism and its evolution from enlightenment to powerful political movement are retraced in the article. Jadidism is considered as the phenomenal public occurence in the history. It arouse in the depth of the Central Asian society on the basis of a harmonious combination of a rich spiritual heritage and as realization of its place in realities of that time and the necessity of its reforming for successful prosperity in the future. Now, there appears the possibility of restoring the historical truth in the conditions of profound changes in the historical science. The need for resolute revision of former aims about role and place in historical process of national-progressive movement has ripened as the unique social and political phenomenon in the early 20 th century. This phenomenon promoted a national consciousness growth and is of the essence in formation and development of national-liberation ideology, in struggle for independence.
Asian and African studies, 2021
This article considers the history of Kazakhstan in the 1920s and 1930s from the point of view of... more This article considers the history of Kazakhstan in the 1920s and 1930s from the point of view of the "empire of positive action" concept, introduced by Martin Terry. The purpose of the article is to analyze and evaluate historical events in Kazakhstan as an integral part of world history through the use of new methodological approaches. The scientific and practical value of the study is determined by the opportunity to draw accurate conclusions about the national policy pursued
Journal of Social Sciences (COES&RJ-JSS)
The main goal of the motion of young Turkish men was to raise the education to the qualified leve... more The main goal of the motion of young Turkish men was to raise the education to the qualified level in exact politic activities with programmatic document concerning the social politic modernization in the country. The idea of improving an education that was formed in the process of young Turkish's educational activities was shown in the articles and speeches of figures who took an active part in this uprising. The educational ideas of young Turkish were developed in their own way. Because, the pedagogical ideas substantiated by the figures of young Turkish were the basis to form a national Turkey Republic. In М.К.Ataturk's state programs of forming new Turkey Republic the pedagogical ideas of young Turkish have been continued further on. Similar to this, it must be pointed out that the main peculiarities of an education in Turkestan region was the system opposed to an old education system which was the reason of increasing the number of ignorant people in Middle Ages and government power against chauvinism invasion.