K. Heilbrun - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by K. Heilbrun
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2006
methods must be balanced against the realities of political context; that is, funding decisions m... more methods must be balanced against the realities of political context; that is, funding decisions must be able to be defended as affecting constituents positively. Once we have several effective approaches to juvenile crime prevention that affect particular outcomes of choice, it remains to be decided how to choose among these alternatives. Greenwood suggests that the best tool to use in this process is cost-effectiveness research. When done rigorously and with valid and defendable assumptions, cost-effectiveness research can have great impact because it Bhits`em where it counts.B oth outcomes (number of muggings of grandmothers prevented) and costs (dollars per mugging prevented) are visceral and politically accessible to constituents. Finally, whom can we entrust with making these decisions? Here we see again the perennial struggle of politically right against politically left, the need to balance human services against crime control. Greenwood clearly advocates for health and human services agencies to be responsible for delinquency prevention programs of all sorts, except when issues of public safety are operating (in which case, purview would shift to the justice system). Unfortunately, funding for health and human services agencies is always overshadowed by a seemingly neverending call for more police officers, harsher sentences, and more prison cells. This book can serve as a valuable tool to those engaged in this process. To researchers trying to establish and strengthen the evidence base for prevention programs the book gives an excellent summary of the evidence base. To program planners and expert consultants asked to recommend or establish programs, the book helps to give context to the decision and provides valuable tools to assist in the process. Finally, to leaders in all three branches of government, the book helps to conceptualize the issue of prevention as sound policy, provides tools to assist in the prioritization of needs and the effective allocation of scarce resources, and emphasizes the absolute necessity to monitor outcomes and provide feedback to the system that will allow for continuous improvement. With a strong evidence base, the right tools, and the right voices, prevention programs may yet become viable as one aspect of a balanced crimecontrol policy.
Psychological Services, 2018
This study examined the efficacy of the Juvenile Justice Anger Management (JJAM) Treatment for Gi... more This study examined the efficacy of the Juvenile Justice Anger Management (JJAM) Treatment for Girls, an anger management and aggression reduction treatment designed to meet the unique needs of adolescent girls in residential juvenile justice facilities. This randomized controlled trial of JJAM compared changes in levels of anger and aggression among girls who participated in the JJAM treatment with those of girls who participated in treatment as usual (TAU) at the facilities. This study also investigated the theoretical model underlying the JJAM treatment, which proposed that reductions in hostile attribution biases, development of emotion regulation skills, and improvement in social problem solving would serve as mechanisms of action in JJAM. Participants were 70 female youth who ranged in age from 14 to 20 years (M = 17.45, SD = 1.24) and were placed at 1 of 3 participating juvenile justice facilities; 57 youth completed the study and were included in analyses. Results revealed greater reductions in anger, reactive physical aggression, and reactive relational aggression among girls in the JJAM treatment condition when compared to girls in the TAU control condition. The proposed theoretical model was partially supported via significant mediation findings; changes in hostile attribution bias were identified as a significant mechanism of action in the JJAM treatment. Results suggest that JJAM is a promising treatment to effectively reduce anger and reactive aggression among adolescent girls in juvenile justice placements. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2017
The special issue on the clinical neuropsychology of movement disorders provides an overview for ... more The special issue on the clinical neuropsychology of movement disorders provides an overview for the non-subspecialist clinical neuropsychologist and other clinical neuroscientists of the neuropsychological features, assessment and treatment of Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementias, atypical parkinsonian disorders (corticobasal syndrome, progressive supranuclear palsy, and multiple system atrophy), Huntington's disease, dystonia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Additionally, articles provide overviews of neuropsychological and ethical issues related to deep brain stimulation and a discussion of non-pharamcologic and non-invasive treatment of cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. A search of PubMed using neuropsycholog* and parkinson* as search terms indicates that the number of articles dealing with neuropsychology of parkinsonian disorders has more than doubled in each of the past three decades (1990-99:269 entries, 2000-09:575 entries, 2010-17:967 entries). This rapid growth of research makes a special issue on the topic very timely.
Juvenile Delinquency, 2005
The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 2001
... Providing this information would not change the ICT classification of the individual as above... more ... Providing this information would not change the ICT classification of the individual as above base rate in risk for serious violence over the next year, but it would put it into a clearer context. Risk Communication. The prediction versus risk management decision also will affect the ...
The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 1994
The present study, one of the first of its kind, describes the characteristics of community livin... more The present study, one of the first of its kind, describes the characteristics of community living placements for insanity acquittees conditionally released following hospitalization, along with the "fit" between living placement and individual characteristics. Although the small number of insanity acquittees (n = 13) and community placements (n = 9) precluded meaningful statistical analyses of results, the study provides a model for studying the characteristics of placements as well as personal characteristics of acquittees, and the interaction between the two. It also suggests the possible importance of this interaction, operationalized as "fit" between characteristics and placement. Consistent with research findings for other criminal defendants and for nonforensic psychiatric patients released from hospitalization, a better fit between acquittee and community placement may be associated with increased likelihood of success on conditional release.
PsycEXTRA Dataset
Page 1. American Psyc American Psychology-La hology-La hology-Law Society w Society w Society, Di... more Page 1. American Psyc American Psychology-La hology-La hology-Law Society w Society w Society, Division 41, Division 41, Division 41, American Psyc American Psyc American Psychological Association hological Association Biennial Highlights ..... ...
Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 1998
... Michelle Keeney, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Allegheny University of the He... more ... Michelle Keeney, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences Villanova University of Law. Susie Chung, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences. ...
Psychiatric Services, 2000
Law and Human Behavior, 1992
Despite the apparent widespread use of psychological tests in evaluations performed by psychologi... more Despite the apparent widespread use of psychological tests in evaluations performed by psychologists to assist legal decision makers, there has been little critical but balanced examination of the appropriate parameters for the forensic use of such tests. The following discussion examines the nature of legal decision making, and concludes that the primary legal criterion for the admissibility of psychological testing is relevance to the immediate legal issue or to some underlying psychological construct. Assuming that accuracy is a more consistent concern for psychologists performing such evaluations, the criticisms of various commentators are discussed. Some criticisms appear appropriate and are incorporated into a set of proposed guidelines for the use of psychological tests in forensic contexts. Other criticisms appear misplaced, however, and the call for a whole sale ban on psychological testing in the forensic context is rejected. The appropriate role of psychological testing in forensic assessment' has been debated for a number of years, and is far from clear at present. Critics have described such assessment procedures as "controversial" and "of doubtful validity and applicability in relation to forensic issues" (Ziskin, 1981a, p. 225; see also Faust & Ziskin, 1988, 1989; Ziskin & Faust, 1988). The major goal of this article is to discuss the research and commentary critical of psychological testing * An earlier version of this paper was presented as part of a symposium on "Expert Testimony of Mental Health Professionals" (Randy K. Otto and Steve Berger, Co-Chairs) at the 1990 Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, Boston, MA. Appreciation is expressed to Michael Perlin and Christopher Slobogin for their comments on an earlier draft of this paper and to Stephen Golding for his thoughts about the paper's organization and purpose. I would also like to thank Randy Otto for his role in organizing the APA symposium in which this paper was originally
Law and Human Behavior, 2000
Law and Human Behavior, 1997
Most of the theoretical and empirical literature on violence risk to date has focused on the task... more Most of the theoretical and empirical literature on violence risk to date has focused on the task of predicting who will behave violently. In the present article, it is argued that at least two models of risk assessment may be applied to the varying legal decisions in which violence risk is a consideration: prediction (with an emphasis on overall accuracy) and management (with an emphasis on risk reduction). These two models are described, and discussed in the contexts of the literatures on forensic assessment and therapeutic jurisprudence. The implications for research, policy, and practice are considered.
The Journal of Mental Health Administration, 1991
Monitored treatment in the community, also known as conditional release, has been described as th... more Monitored treatment in the community, also known as conditional release, has been described as the most important advance in the treatment of insanity acquittees in the last decade. Despite the importance of the development of conditional release, however, there has been relatively little written about relevant issues and planning principles important in designing and implementing conditional release systems. The present paper discusses important considerations relevant to conditional release that are associated with key decision points within systems for persons found not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI). Four planning principles, generalizable to all NGRI systems, are then presented in a way that integrates the previous discussion. It is concluded that conditional release plays a crucial role in the treatment of insanity acquittees and that mental health administrators may either proactively modify their systems, in a way that balances public safety with individual rights and treatment needs, or wait for the modification mandate to be forced upon them in the wake of a highly publicized, heinous offense.
The Journal of Mental Health Administration, 1991
Pretrial forensic evaluations are provided for the criminal courts throughout the United States. ... more Pretrial forensic evaluations are provided for the criminal courts throughout the United States. A variety of models of service delivery exists, and these models vary in ways that are important to the organization and finding of state mental health services. The first part of this paper describes several models of service delivery, which vary primarily in terms of centrality (central state institution vs. community service provider) and the use of inpatient vs. outpatient procedures. The second part compares these models on a number of important measures, including cost and efficiency. The final section of the paper indicates the importance of specialized forensic training and describes important components of such training.
International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 1999
International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 1993
ABSTRACT The field of forensic treatment has received relatively little attention in the research... more ABSTRACT The field of forensic treatment has received relatively little attention in the research and practice literature. Although this is particularly true for forensic treatment delivered in the community (Heilbrun & Griffin, 1993, 1998), it is also apparent that the entire area of forensic treatment has received far less attention than has forensic assessment (Ogloff, Roberts, & Roesch, 1993).
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2006
methods must be balanced against the realities of political context; that is, funding decisions m... more methods must be balanced against the realities of political context; that is, funding decisions must be able to be defended as affecting constituents positively. Once we have several effective approaches to juvenile crime prevention that affect particular outcomes of choice, it remains to be decided how to choose among these alternatives. Greenwood suggests that the best tool to use in this process is cost-effectiveness research. When done rigorously and with valid and defendable assumptions, cost-effectiveness research can have great impact because it Bhits`em where it counts.B oth outcomes (number of muggings of grandmothers prevented) and costs (dollars per mugging prevented) are visceral and politically accessible to constituents. Finally, whom can we entrust with making these decisions? Here we see again the perennial struggle of politically right against politically left, the need to balance human services against crime control. Greenwood clearly advocates for health and human services agencies to be responsible for delinquency prevention programs of all sorts, except when issues of public safety are operating (in which case, purview would shift to the justice system). Unfortunately, funding for health and human services agencies is always overshadowed by a seemingly neverending call for more police officers, harsher sentences, and more prison cells. This book can serve as a valuable tool to those engaged in this process. To researchers trying to establish and strengthen the evidence base for prevention programs the book gives an excellent summary of the evidence base. To program planners and expert consultants asked to recommend or establish programs, the book helps to give context to the decision and provides valuable tools to assist in the process. Finally, to leaders in all three branches of government, the book helps to conceptualize the issue of prevention as sound policy, provides tools to assist in the prioritization of needs and the effective allocation of scarce resources, and emphasizes the absolute necessity to monitor outcomes and provide feedback to the system that will allow for continuous improvement. With a strong evidence base, the right tools, and the right voices, prevention programs may yet become viable as one aspect of a balanced crimecontrol policy.
Psychological Services, 2018
This study examined the efficacy of the Juvenile Justice Anger Management (JJAM) Treatment for Gi... more This study examined the efficacy of the Juvenile Justice Anger Management (JJAM) Treatment for Girls, an anger management and aggression reduction treatment designed to meet the unique needs of adolescent girls in residential juvenile justice facilities. This randomized controlled trial of JJAM compared changes in levels of anger and aggression among girls who participated in the JJAM treatment with those of girls who participated in treatment as usual (TAU) at the facilities. This study also investigated the theoretical model underlying the JJAM treatment, which proposed that reductions in hostile attribution biases, development of emotion regulation skills, and improvement in social problem solving would serve as mechanisms of action in JJAM. Participants were 70 female youth who ranged in age from 14 to 20 years (M = 17.45, SD = 1.24) and were placed at 1 of 3 participating juvenile justice facilities; 57 youth completed the study and were included in analyses. Results revealed greater reductions in anger, reactive physical aggression, and reactive relational aggression among girls in the JJAM treatment condition when compared to girls in the TAU control condition. The proposed theoretical model was partially supported via significant mediation findings; changes in hostile attribution bias were identified as a significant mechanism of action in the JJAM treatment. Results suggest that JJAM is a promising treatment to effectively reduce anger and reactive aggression among adolescent girls in juvenile justice placements. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2017
The special issue on the clinical neuropsychology of movement disorders provides an overview for ... more The special issue on the clinical neuropsychology of movement disorders provides an overview for the non-subspecialist clinical neuropsychologist and other clinical neuroscientists of the neuropsychological features, assessment and treatment of Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementias, atypical parkinsonian disorders (corticobasal syndrome, progressive supranuclear palsy, and multiple system atrophy), Huntington's disease, dystonia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Additionally, articles provide overviews of neuropsychological and ethical issues related to deep brain stimulation and a discussion of non-pharamcologic and non-invasive treatment of cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. A search of PubMed using neuropsycholog* and parkinson* as search terms indicates that the number of articles dealing with neuropsychology of parkinsonian disorders has more than doubled in each of the past three decades (1990-99:269 entries, 2000-09:575 entries, 2010-17:967 entries). This rapid growth of research makes a special issue on the topic very timely.
Juvenile Delinquency, 2005
The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 2001
... Providing this information would not change the ICT classification of the individual as above... more ... Providing this information would not change the ICT classification of the individual as above base rate in risk for serious violence over the next year, but it would put it into a clearer context. Risk Communication. The prediction versus risk management decision also will affect the ...
The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 1994
The present study, one of the first of its kind, describes the characteristics of community livin... more The present study, one of the first of its kind, describes the characteristics of community living placements for insanity acquittees conditionally released following hospitalization, along with the "fit" between living placement and individual characteristics. Although the small number of insanity acquittees (n = 13) and community placements (n = 9) precluded meaningful statistical analyses of results, the study provides a model for studying the characteristics of placements as well as personal characteristics of acquittees, and the interaction between the two. It also suggests the possible importance of this interaction, operationalized as "fit" between characteristics and placement. Consistent with research findings for other criminal defendants and for nonforensic psychiatric patients released from hospitalization, a better fit between acquittee and community placement may be associated with increased likelihood of success on conditional release.
PsycEXTRA Dataset
Page 1. American Psyc American Psychology-La hology-La hology-Law Society w Society w Society, Di... more Page 1. American Psyc American Psychology-La hology-La hology-Law Society w Society w Society, Division 41, Division 41, Division 41, American Psyc American Psyc American Psychological Association hological Association Biennial Highlights ..... ...
Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 1998
... Michelle Keeney, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Allegheny University of the He... more ... Michelle Keeney, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences Villanova University of Law. Susie Chung, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences. ...
Psychiatric Services, 2000
Law and Human Behavior, 1992
Despite the apparent widespread use of psychological tests in evaluations performed by psychologi... more Despite the apparent widespread use of psychological tests in evaluations performed by psychologists to assist legal decision makers, there has been little critical but balanced examination of the appropriate parameters for the forensic use of such tests. The following discussion examines the nature of legal decision making, and concludes that the primary legal criterion for the admissibility of psychological testing is relevance to the immediate legal issue or to some underlying psychological construct. Assuming that accuracy is a more consistent concern for psychologists performing such evaluations, the criticisms of various commentators are discussed. Some criticisms appear appropriate and are incorporated into a set of proposed guidelines for the use of psychological tests in forensic contexts. Other criticisms appear misplaced, however, and the call for a whole sale ban on psychological testing in the forensic context is rejected. The appropriate role of psychological testing in forensic assessment' has been debated for a number of years, and is far from clear at present. Critics have described such assessment procedures as "controversial" and "of doubtful validity and applicability in relation to forensic issues" (Ziskin, 1981a, p. 225; see also Faust & Ziskin, 1988, 1989; Ziskin & Faust, 1988). The major goal of this article is to discuss the research and commentary critical of psychological testing * An earlier version of this paper was presented as part of a symposium on "Expert Testimony of Mental Health Professionals" (Randy K. Otto and Steve Berger, Co-Chairs) at the 1990 Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, Boston, MA. Appreciation is expressed to Michael Perlin and Christopher Slobogin for their comments on an earlier draft of this paper and to Stephen Golding for his thoughts about the paper's organization and purpose. I would also like to thank Randy Otto for his role in organizing the APA symposium in which this paper was originally
Law and Human Behavior, 2000
Law and Human Behavior, 1997
Most of the theoretical and empirical literature on violence risk to date has focused on the task... more Most of the theoretical and empirical literature on violence risk to date has focused on the task of predicting who will behave violently. In the present article, it is argued that at least two models of risk assessment may be applied to the varying legal decisions in which violence risk is a consideration: prediction (with an emphasis on overall accuracy) and management (with an emphasis on risk reduction). These two models are described, and discussed in the contexts of the literatures on forensic assessment and therapeutic jurisprudence. The implications for research, policy, and practice are considered.
The Journal of Mental Health Administration, 1991
Monitored treatment in the community, also known as conditional release, has been described as th... more Monitored treatment in the community, also known as conditional release, has been described as the most important advance in the treatment of insanity acquittees in the last decade. Despite the importance of the development of conditional release, however, there has been relatively little written about relevant issues and planning principles important in designing and implementing conditional release systems. The present paper discusses important considerations relevant to conditional release that are associated with key decision points within systems for persons found not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI). Four planning principles, generalizable to all NGRI systems, are then presented in a way that integrates the previous discussion. It is concluded that conditional release plays a crucial role in the treatment of insanity acquittees and that mental health administrators may either proactively modify their systems, in a way that balances public safety with individual rights and treatment needs, or wait for the modification mandate to be forced upon them in the wake of a highly publicized, heinous offense.
The Journal of Mental Health Administration, 1991
Pretrial forensic evaluations are provided for the criminal courts throughout the United States. ... more Pretrial forensic evaluations are provided for the criminal courts throughout the United States. A variety of models of service delivery exists, and these models vary in ways that are important to the organization and finding of state mental health services. The first part of this paper describes several models of service delivery, which vary primarily in terms of centrality (central state institution vs. community service provider) and the use of inpatient vs. outpatient procedures. The second part compares these models on a number of important measures, including cost and efficiency. The final section of the paper indicates the importance of specialized forensic training and describes important components of such training.
International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 1999
International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 1993
ABSTRACT The field of forensic treatment has received relatively little attention in the research... more ABSTRACT The field of forensic treatment has received relatively little attention in the research and practice literature. Although this is particularly true for forensic treatment delivered in the community (Heilbrun & Griffin, 1993, 1998), it is also apparent that the entire area of forensic treatment has received far less attention than has forensic assessment (Ogloff, Roberts, & Roesch, 1993).