K. J Akinluwade - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by K. J Akinluwade

Research paper thumbnail of An Outlook on Tool Wear Mechanisms of Selected Cutting Tool Materials

British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 2016

This study discusses the viabilities and performances of a variety of cutting tool mechanism unde... more This study discusses the viabilities and performances of a variety of cutting tool mechanism under various conditions. It highlights the basic issues relating to tool life, tool wear and cutting forces and emphasizes the importance of proper selection of cutting tools in manufacturing of discrete component parts. Continuous search for improved methods herald the need for significant transformation through optimization in terms of improved quality products, high productivity and comparative cost advantage. Replacement and adjusting of machine tool associated with tool failure increase production cost and decrease productivity. There still lies a great significance for continuous optimization of the manufacturing process and study of tool wear mechanism for various categories of cutting tool materials, as our ability to continue the trend for improved materials will be severely tested in the coming decades. It is the failure issues associated with tool wear mechanism of selected cutting tool materials and their essential properties that this work addresses; hence it reveals salient information and this aspect will continue to receive attention in machining processes.

Research paper thumbnail of Material Selection for Gas Turbine Blade Coating Using GRANTA Material Selector

Advances in Research, 2015

This paper presents the selection of suitable candidate materials for thermal barrier coating of ... more This paper presents the selection of suitable candidate materials for thermal barrier coating of gas turbine blade using GRANTA software. There have been reported cases of gas turbine blade failure in service due to the extreme service conditions. Such failure could possibly have occurred due to poor material selection for thermal barrier coatings on the turbine blade thereby exposing the blade to harsh condition over time. The major adverse effects on these blades are thermal fatigue, high temperature oxidation, hot corrosion, interdiffusion, high cycle fatigue and creep.

Research paper thumbnail of The Thermal Analysis of Fuel Fired Crucible Furnace Using Autodesk Inventor Simulation Software

Advances in Research, 2015

The reasons for failure of locally made furnace in the foundries were as a result of cycles of op... more The reasons for failure of locally made furnace in the foundries were as a result of cycles of operating temperatures that they were subjected to, which caused thermal stress and strain on the furnaces. This paper studied the simulation of thermal analysis of Fuel fired Crucible Furnace to predict the effect of thermal stress and strain on it.

Research paper thumbnail of Waste-to-Wealth Applications of Cassava–A Review Study of Industrial and Agricultural Applications

Advances in Research, 2015

Cassava plant and its products have long been used as food and feed but lately as industrial ingr... more Cassava plant and its products have long been used as food and feed but lately as industrial ingredients. The present study unveils various agricultural and industrial applications of cassava especially the waste cyanogenic component which hitherto has constituted a huge agricultural waste. The study reviewed current engineering values which cassava cyanide has created in the industrial sector. Some very exciting ongoing research studies on engineering applications of the cassava cyanogenic glucoside are also highlighted. Review Article Adetunji et al.; AIR, 4(4): 212-229, 2015; Article no.AIR.2015.076 213

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of As-Cast Cooling on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Age-Hardened 7000 Series Aluminium Alloy

International Journal of Materials Engineering, 2015

This study investigates the influence of as-cast cooling on the microstructure and mechanical pro... more This study investigates the influence of as-cast cooling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of age-hardened Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy. The material was cast in the form of cylindrical rods in green sand mould where some samples were rapidly cooled and others gradually cooled to room temperature. From the samples that were gradually cooled, some were annealed while others were T6 tempered. Both the as-cast and heat treated samples were subjected to tensile and hardness tests and the morphology of the resulting microstructures were characterised by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results revealed formation of microsegregations of MgZn2 during gradual solidification which was not present during rapid cooling. It was also found that age hardening and annealing heat treatment operations eliminated microsegregations thus improving mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.

Research paper thumbnail of Energy Crisis in Nigeria: Need for Renewable Energy Mix

American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2016

Nigeria is endowed with oil and natural resources but the country cannot be said to have ever had... more Nigeria is endowed with oil and natural resources but the country cannot be said to have ever had adequate supply of electricity in the history of its electricity generation. This might get worse, as the country’s population increases and economic development is calling for more demand of energy. The gradual diminishing of fossil fuels and the effort to save the eco-system from global warming has seen nations turning to alternative sources to meet their energy demands. It is therefore, imperative that renewable energy solutions be proffered to cater for Nigeria impending industrialization and its energy crisis which leaves many industries running at high cost and keeps many private homes in blackout. This paper discusses the potentials of renewable energy as an additional generation source to meet the energy demand of Nigerian populace. It focuses on the country’s energy crisis and how its natural resources can be harnessed to meet the nation’s energy demand while reducing global po...

Research paper thumbnail of Material Selection for Crusher Jaw in a Jaw Crusher Equipment

There have been reported cases of the crusher jaw failure due to the high level of impact, tear a... more There have been reported cases of the crusher jaw failure due to the high level of impact, tear and shear stresses experienced by the crusher jaw during service. The purpose of this paper is to select a suitable candidate material for the design of crusher jaw that can sustain fracture by any of the three modes of failure – tear, shear and impact at low cost using CES EduPack.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Preheat Treatment on Wear and Corrosion Rates of Copper Electrodeposition on Medium-Carbon Steel

Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention

The work investigated the effects of pre-surface treatment on wear and corrosion rates of copper ... more The work investigated the effects of pre-surface treatment on wear and corrosion rates of copper electrodeposition on medium-carbon steel. Medium-carbon steel samples were subjected to heat treatment (annealing, normalizing and quenching) in a muffle furnace. The samples were prepared and subjected to nickel striking and copper electroplating using standard bath composition. Electroplated samples were taken for weight test, optical microscopy, wear test and corrosion test. Result showed that the heat-treated copper-electrodeposited substrate had homogenous distribution of fine copper deposition, while the tempered heat-treated substrate was observed with the lowest wear rate of 3.5 × 10−3 g/mm3/min and lowest corrosion rate of 0.01833 mmpy in seawater environment of 0.5 M NaCl, thus having a low resistance to wear and corrosion in saline environment. This research has established that un-electroplated medium-carbon steel is highly corrosive in saline environment due to its higher corrosion penetration rates, while the tempered heat-treated copper-electrodeposited steels are lowly corrosion resistant and therefore suitable for use as a good material of choice in saline environments.

Research paper thumbnail of Modeling of Heat Transfer in Rotary Furnaces Using Finite Element Approach

Materials Performance and Characterization

The pattern of heat flow in a 100-kg capacity rotary furnace was studied at transient state using... more The pattern of heat flow in a 100-kg capacity rotary furnace was studied at transient state using finite element technique. The study combined volumetric analysis of combusting fuel with finite element analytical computation of heat transfer within the furnace hearth. A parabolic partial differential equation was used in combination with the results of volumetric analysis of combusting fuel, which is applicable to transient heat transfer. The results provide a finite element approach to computational modeling of medium-sized diesel-fired melting furnaces in the metallurgical industry.

Research paper thumbnail of Characterization of Mild Steel Case-hardened in Processed Cassava Leaves

Archives of Current Research International

This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author DAI designed the study, pe... more This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author DAI designed the study, performed literature review and heat treatment, wrote the protocol and first draft of the manuscript. Author KJA supervised the heat treatment and reviewed the study while authors KMO and OSA managed the analyses of the study. Authors ARA and MOA supervised the study and interpreted results. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Research paper thumbnail of Pack-cyaniding: A Comparative Study of Low and High-Temperature Treatment

Archives of Current Research International

Research paper thumbnail of Corrosion Mitigation of Gray Cast Iron and Aluminum in NaOH Using Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Plant Extract

Chemical Science International Journal

This research focused on the corrosion behavior of gray cast iron and aluminum in alkaline medium... more This research focused on the corrosion behavior of gray cast iron and aluminum in alkaline medium (0.5 M NaOH) with and without inhibitor (water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes extract) of varying concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. The corrosion rates of the metal samples were investigated using the weight loss and electrochemical methods alongside the formulation of a dispersant using readily available chemicals to develop a colloidal solution of the extract produced by hot water digestion of the water hyacinth plant leaves. The metallography tests of control samples as well as the most and least corroded samples were carried out using Optical Microscope (OM). The results revealed that the aluminum resulted in minimum corrosion rate of 0.000483 mg/mm2/yr with inhibitor efficiency of 98.93% obtained for sample A5 (25% extract from water hyacinth) while for the gray cast iron, a minimum corrosion rate of -4.4E-05 mg/mm2/yr with inhibitor efficiency of 566.6% obtained for samp...

Research paper thumbnail of Design of Curved-type Impeller Foundry Sand Mixer

Journal of Scientific Research and Reports

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Alkali-treated Bamboo Fibers on Some Mechanical Properties of Virgin High Density Polyethylene

Archives of Current Research International

This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author POA designed the study and... more This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author POA designed the study and supervised it to conclusion. Author KJA collated all results and managed analysis of the study. Author OSA monitored experimental work and verified experimental results. Author RAO conducted laboratory experiments and managed the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of Mechanical Properties of Age-Hardened 6063 Aluminium Alloy Via Diffusion Annealing

British Journal of Applied Science & Technology

This paper investigates the influence of diffusion annealing on some mechanical properties of 606... more This paper investigates the influence of diffusion annealing on some mechanical properties of 6063 aluminium alloy. Standard tensile and hardness test samples were subjected to diffusion annealing at 570ºC for 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5 hours respectively prior toT6 tempering, another set of these samples were directly T6 tempered without prior diffusion annealing treatment. The two sets of samples were subjected to tensile and hardness tests and the evolving microstructure were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Results indicated an increase in the mechanical properties for samples subjected to diffusion annealing prior to aging as compared to conventionally aged samples and there was also a remarkably good combination of mechanical properties especially percentage elongation (ductility) and yield strength. Samples treated by this technique find useful applications in the development of sustainable infrastructure

Research paper thumbnail of Pack Cyaniding: Cassava Leaves

Encyclopedia of Iron, Steel, and Their Alloys, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of As-Cast Cooling on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Age-Hardened 7000 Series Aluminium Alloy

International Journal of Materials Engineering, 2015

This study investigates the influence of as-cast cooling on the microstructure and mechanical pro... more This study investigates the influence of as-cast cooling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of age-hardened Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy. The material was cast in the form of cylindrical rods in green sand mould where some samples were rapidly cooled and others gradually cooled to room temperature. From the samples that were gradually cooled, some were annealed while others were T6 tempered. Both the as-cast and heat treated samples were subjected to tensile and hardness tests and the morphology of the resulting microstructures were characterised by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results revealed formation of microsegregations of MgZn 2 during gradual solidification which was not present during rapid cooling. It was also found that age hardening and annealing heat treatment operations eliminated microsegregations thus improving mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.

Research paper thumbnail of Carbon and Nitrogen Concentration Profiles of Cassava-Pack Carbonitrided Steel: Model and Experiment

Advanced Materials Research, 2015

Cassava-leaf-enhanced carbonitriding is a surface hardening procedure that utilizes the high cyan... more Cassava-leaf-enhanced carbonitriding is a surface hardening procedure that utilizes the high cyanide content that is present in processed cassava leaves to thermochemically diffuse carbon and/or nitrogen into the interstitial sites of steel. This paper presents analytical models for the prediction of carbon and nitrogen concentration profiles, as well as the total case depths associated with the diffusion of carbon and nitrogen during the cassava-leaf-enhanced carbonitriding of low carbon steel. Using Fick's second law of diffusion and approximate initial and boundary conditions, two separate analytical models were presented for intermediate and high temperature cassava-leaf-enhanced carbonitriding processes. The trends in the total case depths are shown to be qualitatively similar to experimental measurements of case depths. The implications of the results are discussed for the surface hardening of steels by carbonitriding processes.

Research paper thumbnail of Indentation size effects in pack carbo-nitrided AISI 8620 steels

Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2015

Abstract This paper explores the indentation size effect (ISE) in pack carbo-nitrided AISI 8620 s... more Abstract This paper explores the indentation size effect (ISE) in pack carbo-nitrided AISI 8620 steel surfaces. The surfaces of the AISI 8620 steel samples were pack carbo-nitrided at 900 °C using cyanide-containing dried cassava leaves (bio-processed waste). This was achieved by quenching in different pH levels of cyanide-based bio-processed solution (BPS). Nanoindentation was carried out (using a Berkovich tip) on the surface modified steels. This was used to measure the hardness and reduced elastic moduli of the quenched-carbonitrided and the as-received steel surfaces. The surface-modified steel was shown to have higher hardness than the as-received steel. The hardness was also found to depend strongly on the indentation size. The paper also considers the potential contributions from microstructure, geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) and C/N diffusion on the measured hardness values. However, the measured ISEs are attributed largely to the role of GNDs that are modeled using the Nix and Gao mechanism-based strain gradient plasticity model. The implications of the results are then discussed for the design of hard carbo-nitrided steel surfaces.

Research paper thumbnail of The Influence of Homogenization Treatment on Aging Response of 6063 Aluminium Alloy

Advances in Research, 2015

This paper reports the effect of homogenization treatment on T6 tempering of 6063 aluminium alloy... more This paper reports the effect of homogenization treatment on T6 tempering of 6063 aluminium alloy. Wrought 6063 aluminium sample was machined into tensile and impact tests specimens. Samples were also cut for hardness and metallographic works. These samples were divided into two groups; group I samples were homogenised at 570oC for 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5 hours respectively prior to T6 temper while group II samples were T6 tempered without prior homogenization. The Original Research Article Isadare et al.; AIR, 5(3): 1-11, 2015; Article no.AIR.18166 2 heat treated samples was subjected to tensile, impact and hardness tests and the evolved microstructures was characterised using a scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer. The results show improvement in the mechanical properties for those samples homogenized prior to aging as compared to conventionally aged samples and there was also an unusual combination of mechanical properties in terms of ductility, toughness and strength. The resulting microstructures shows the presence of rod-like phases in the as-received and T6 tempered samples while group II samples contain spherical precipitates. The overall result showed that prior homogenization can prevent the usual concomitant decrease in ductility and toughness of T6 tempered 6063 aluminium alloy.

Research paper thumbnail of An Outlook on Tool Wear Mechanisms of Selected Cutting Tool Materials

British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 2016

This study discusses the viabilities and performances of a variety of cutting tool mechanism unde... more This study discusses the viabilities and performances of a variety of cutting tool mechanism under various conditions. It highlights the basic issues relating to tool life, tool wear and cutting forces and emphasizes the importance of proper selection of cutting tools in manufacturing of discrete component parts. Continuous search for improved methods herald the need for significant transformation through optimization in terms of improved quality products, high productivity and comparative cost advantage. Replacement and adjusting of machine tool associated with tool failure increase production cost and decrease productivity. There still lies a great significance for continuous optimization of the manufacturing process and study of tool wear mechanism for various categories of cutting tool materials, as our ability to continue the trend for improved materials will be severely tested in the coming decades. It is the failure issues associated with tool wear mechanism of selected cutting tool materials and their essential properties that this work addresses; hence it reveals salient information and this aspect will continue to receive attention in machining processes.

Research paper thumbnail of Material Selection for Gas Turbine Blade Coating Using GRANTA Material Selector

Advances in Research, 2015

This paper presents the selection of suitable candidate materials for thermal barrier coating of ... more This paper presents the selection of suitable candidate materials for thermal barrier coating of gas turbine blade using GRANTA software. There have been reported cases of gas turbine blade failure in service due to the extreme service conditions. Such failure could possibly have occurred due to poor material selection for thermal barrier coatings on the turbine blade thereby exposing the blade to harsh condition over time. The major adverse effects on these blades are thermal fatigue, high temperature oxidation, hot corrosion, interdiffusion, high cycle fatigue and creep.

Research paper thumbnail of The Thermal Analysis of Fuel Fired Crucible Furnace Using Autodesk Inventor Simulation Software

Advances in Research, 2015

The reasons for failure of locally made furnace in the foundries were as a result of cycles of op... more The reasons for failure of locally made furnace in the foundries were as a result of cycles of operating temperatures that they were subjected to, which caused thermal stress and strain on the furnaces. This paper studied the simulation of thermal analysis of Fuel fired Crucible Furnace to predict the effect of thermal stress and strain on it.

Research paper thumbnail of Waste-to-Wealth Applications of Cassava–A Review Study of Industrial and Agricultural Applications

Advances in Research, 2015

Cassava plant and its products have long been used as food and feed but lately as industrial ingr... more Cassava plant and its products have long been used as food and feed but lately as industrial ingredients. The present study unveils various agricultural and industrial applications of cassava especially the waste cyanogenic component which hitherto has constituted a huge agricultural waste. The study reviewed current engineering values which cassava cyanide has created in the industrial sector. Some very exciting ongoing research studies on engineering applications of the cassava cyanogenic glucoside are also highlighted. Review Article Adetunji et al.; AIR, 4(4): 212-229, 2015; Article no.AIR.2015.076 213

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of As-Cast Cooling on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Age-Hardened 7000 Series Aluminium Alloy

International Journal of Materials Engineering, 2015

This study investigates the influence of as-cast cooling on the microstructure and mechanical pro... more This study investigates the influence of as-cast cooling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of age-hardened Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy. The material was cast in the form of cylindrical rods in green sand mould where some samples were rapidly cooled and others gradually cooled to room temperature. From the samples that were gradually cooled, some were annealed while others were T6 tempered. Both the as-cast and heat treated samples were subjected to tensile and hardness tests and the morphology of the resulting microstructures were characterised by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results revealed formation of microsegregations of MgZn2 during gradual solidification which was not present during rapid cooling. It was also found that age hardening and annealing heat treatment operations eliminated microsegregations thus improving mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.

Research paper thumbnail of Energy Crisis in Nigeria: Need for Renewable Energy Mix

American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2016

Nigeria is endowed with oil and natural resources but the country cannot be said to have ever had... more Nigeria is endowed with oil and natural resources but the country cannot be said to have ever had adequate supply of electricity in the history of its electricity generation. This might get worse, as the country’s population increases and economic development is calling for more demand of energy. The gradual diminishing of fossil fuels and the effort to save the eco-system from global warming has seen nations turning to alternative sources to meet their energy demands. It is therefore, imperative that renewable energy solutions be proffered to cater for Nigeria impending industrialization and its energy crisis which leaves many industries running at high cost and keeps many private homes in blackout. This paper discusses the potentials of renewable energy as an additional generation source to meet the energy demand of Nigerian populace. It focuses on the country’s energy crisis and how its natural resources can be harnessed to meet the nation’s energy demand while reducing global po...

Research paper thumbnail of Material Selection for Crusher Jaw in a Jaw Crusher Equipment

There have been reported cases of the crusher jaw failure due to the high level of impact, tear a... more There have been reported cases of the crusher jaw failure due to the high level of impact, tear and shear stresses experienced by the crusher jaw during service. The purpose of this paper is to select a suitable candidate material for the design of crusher jaw that can sustain fracture by any of the three modes of failure – tear, shear and impact at low cost using CES EduPack.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Preheat Treatment on Wear and Corrosion Rates of Copper Electrodeposition on Medium-Carbon Steel

Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention

The work investigated the effects of pre-surface treatment on wear and corrosion rates of copper ... more The work investigated the effects of pre-surface treatment on wear and corrosion rates of copper electrodeposition on medium-carbon steel. Medium-carbon steel samples were subjected to heat treatment (annealing, normalizing and quenching) in a muffle furnace. The samples were prepared and subjected to nickel striking and copper electroplating using standard bath composition. Electroplated samples were taken for weight test, optical microscopy, wear test and corrosion test. Result showed that the heat-treated copper-electrodeposited substrate had homogenous distribution of fine copper deposition, while the tempered heat-treated substrate was observed with the lowest wear rate of 3.5 × 10−3 g/mm3/min and lowest corrosion rate of 0.01833 mmpy in seawater environment of 0.5 M NaCl, thus having a low resistance to wear and corrosion in saline environment. This research has established that un-electroplated medium-carbon steel is highly corrosive in saline environment due to its higher corrosion penetration rates, while the tempered heat-treated copper-electrodeposited steels are lowly corrosion resistant and therefore suitable for use as a good material of choice in saline environments.

Research paper thumbnail of Modeling of Heat Transfer in Rotary Furnaces Using Finite Element Approach

Materials Performance and Characterization

The pattern of heat flow in a 100-kg capacity rotary furnace was studied at transient state using... more The pattern of heat flow in a 100-kg capacity rotary furnace was studied at transient state using finite element technique. The study combined volumetric analysis of combusting fuel with finite element analytical computation of heat transfer within the furnace hearth. A parabolic partial differential equation was used in combination with the results of volumetric analysis of combusting fuel, which is applicable to transient heat transfer. The results provide a finite element approach to computational modeling of medium-sized diesel-fired melting furnaces in the metallurgical industry.

Research paper thumbnail of Characterization of Mild Steel Case-hardened in Processed Cassava Leaves

Archives of Current Research International

This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author DAI designed the study, pe... more This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author DAI designed the study, performed literature review and heat treatment, wrote the protocol and first draft of the manuscript. Author KJA supervised the heat treatment and reviewed the study while authors KMO and OSA managed the analyses of the study. Authors ARA and MOA supervised the study and interpreted results. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Research paper thumbnail of Pack-cyaniding: A Comparative Study of Low and High-Temperature Treatment

Archives of Current Research International

Research paper thumbnail of Corrosion Mitigation of Gray Cast Iron and Aluminum in NaOH Using Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Plant Extract

Chemical Science International Journal

This research focused on the corrosion behavior of gray cast iron and aluminum in alkaline medium... more This research focused on the corrosion behavior of gray cast iron and aluminum in alkaline medium (0.5 M NaOH) with and without inhibitor (water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes extract) of varying concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. The corrosion rates of the metal samples were investigated using the weight loss and electrochemical methods alongside the formulation of a dispersant using readily available chemicals to develop a colloidal solution of the extract produced by hot water digestion of the water hyacinth plant leaves. The metallography tests of control samples as well as the most and least corroded samples were carried out using Optical Microscope (OM). The results revealed that the aluminum resulted in minimum corrosion rate of 0.000483 mg/mm2/yr with inhibitor efficiency of 98.93% obtained for sample A5 (25% extract from water hyacinth) while for the gray cast iron, a minimum corrosion rate of -4.4E-05 mg/mm2/yr with inhibitor efficiency of 566.6% obtained for samp...

Research paper thumbnail of Design of Curved-type Impeller Foundry Sand Mixer

Journal of Scientific Research and Reports

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Alkali-treated Bamboo Fibers on Some Mechanical Properties of Virgin High Density Polyethylene

Archives of Current Research International

This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author POA designed the study and... more This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author POA designed the study and supervised it to conclusion. Author KJA collated all results and managed analysis of the study. Author OSA monitored experimental work and verified experimental results. Author RAO conducted laboratory experiments and managed the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of Mechanical Properties of Age-Hardened 6063 Aluminium Alloy Via Diffusion Annealing

British Journal of Applied Science & Technology

This paper investigates the influence of diffusion annealing on some mechanical properties of 606... more This paper investigates the influence of diffusion annealing on some mechanical properties of 6063 aluminium alloy. Standard tensile and hardness test samples were subjected to diffusion annealing at 570ºC for 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5 hours respectively prior toT6 tempering, another set of these samples were directly T6 tempered without prior diffusion annealing treatment. The two sets of samples were subjected to tensile and hardness tests and the evolving microstructure were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Results indicated an increase in the mechanical properties for samples subjected to diffusion annealing prior to aging as compared to conventionally aged samples and there was also a remarkably good combination of mechanical properties especially percentage elongation (ductility) and yield strength. Samples treated by this technique find useful applications in the development of sustainable infrastructure

Research paper thumbnail of Pack Cyaniding: Cassava Leaves

Encyclopedia of Iron, Steel, and Their Alloys, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of As-Cast Cooling on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Age-Hardened 7000 Series Aluminium Alloy

International Journal of Materials Engineering, 2015

This study investigates the influence of as-cast cooling on the microstructure and mechanical pro... more This study investigates the influence of as-cast cooling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of age-hardened Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy. The material was cast in the form of cylindrical rods in green sand mould where some samples were rapidly cooled and others gradually cooled to room temperature. From the samples that were gradually cooled, some were annealed while others were T6 tempered. Both the as-cast and heat treated samples were subjected to tensile and hardness tests and the morphology of the resulting microstructures were characterised by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results revealed formation of microsegregations of MgZn 2 during gradual solidification which was not present during rapid cooling. It was also found that age hardening and annealing heat treatment operations eliminated microsegregations thus improving mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.

Research paper thumbnail of Carbon and Nitrogen Concentration Profiles of Cassava-Pack Carbonitrided Steel: Model and Experiment

Advanced Materials Research, 2015

Cassava-leaf-enhanced carbonitriding is a surface hardening procedure that utilizes the high cyan... more Cassava-leaf-enhanced carbonitriding is a surface hardening procedure that utilizes the high cyanide content that is present in processed cassava leaves to thermochemically diffuse carbon and/or nitrogen into the interstitial sites of steel. This paper presents analytical models for the prediction of carbon and nitrogen concentration profiles, as well as the total case depths associated with the diffusion of carbon and nitrogen during the cassava-leaf-enhanced carbonitriding of low carbon steel. Using Fick's second law of diffusion and approximate initial and boundary conditions, two separate analytical models were presented for intermediate and high temperature cassava-leaf-enhanced carbonitriding processes. The trends in the total case depths are shown to be qualitatively similar to experimental measurements of case depths. The implications of the results are discussed for the surface hardening of steels by carbonitriding processes.

Research paper thumbnail of Indentation size effects in pack carbo-nitrided AISI 8620 steels

Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2015

Abstract This paper explores the indentation size effect (ISE) in pack carbo-nitrided AISI 8620 s... more Abstract This paper explores the indentation size effect (ISE) in pack carbo-nitrided AISI 8620 steel surfaces. The surfaces of the AISI 8620 steel samples were pack carbo-nitrided at 900 °C using cyanide-containing dried cassava leaves (bio-processed waste). This was achieved by quenching in different pH levels of cyanide-based bio-processed solution (BPS). Nanoindentation was carried out (using a Berkovich tip) on the surface modified steels. This was used to measure the hardness and reduced elastic moduli of the quenched-carbonitrided and the as-received steel surfaces. The surface-modified steel was shown to have higher hardness than the as-received steel. The hardness was also found to depend strongly on the indentation size. The paper also considers the potential contributions from microstructure, geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) and C/N diffusion on the measured hardness values. However, the measured ISEs are attributed largely to the role of GNDs that are modeled using the Nix and Gao mechanism-based strain gradient plasticity model. The implications of the results are then discussed for the design of hard carbo-nitrided steel surfaces.

Research paper thumbnail of The Influence of Homogenization Treatment on Aging Response of 6063 Aluminium Alloy

Advances in Research, 2015

This paper reports the effect of homogenization treatment on T6 tempering of 6063 aluminium alloy... more This paper reports the effect of homogenization treatment on T6 tempering of 6063 aluminium alloy. Wrought 6063 aluminium sample was machined into tensile and impact tests specimens. Samples were also cut for hardness and metallographic works. These samples were divided into two groups; group I samples were homogenised at 570oC for 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5 hours respectively prior to T6 temper while group II samples were T6 tempered without prior homogenization. The Original Research Article Isadare et al.; AIR, 5(3): 1-11, 2015; Article no.AIR.18166 2 heat treated samples was subjected to tensile, impact and hardness tests and the evolved microstructures was characterised using a scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer. The results show improvement in the mechanical properties for those samples homogenized prior to aging as compared to conventionally aged samples and there was also an unusual combination of mechanical properties in terms of ductility, toughness and strength. The resulting microstructures shows the presence of rod-like phases in the as-received and T6 tempered samples while group II samples contain spherical precipitates. The overall result showed that prior homogenization can prevent the usual concomitant decrease in ductility and toughness of T6 tempered 6063 aluminium alloy.