K. Kandiannan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by K. Kandiannan

Research paper thumbnail of Delineation of Cumin (Cuminum Cyminum L.) Production Zone Beyond Boundaries in India Based on Climate Analogues, Soil Suitability and Rainfall Analysis

Here, we attempted to identify ideal ecological niche for cumin cultivation in India in the futur... more Here, we attempted to identify ideal ecological niche for cumin cultivation in India in the future climate scenario by adopting an integrated approach of climate analogues and soil suitability. This will help policy makers for area expansion to generate more revenue as cumin has huge export potential. Climate analogues tool, a web-based tool developed by the Research Programme on climate change, agriculture and food security (CCAFS) helps to identify, connect and map sites with statistically similar climates across space and time. Efficient cumin production zones in India were identified based on relative spread index and relative yield index which were used as the input/reference site for finding the analogues sites. Rainfall and temperature were the main climatic variables used in the study under SRES A1B emission scenario. The results showed a total of 453 analogues sites (districts) identified by 14 reference sites used in the study. The analogues sites identified by the tool we...

Research paper thumbnail of Turmeric

Horticultural Reviews, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of weather parameters on sex expression and flowering pattern of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.)

Journal of Agrometeorology, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Intercropping in juvenile black pepper garden

Research paper thumbnail of Crop diversification in black pepper gardens with tuber and fodder crops

Research paper thumbnail of Source sink relationship, dry matter and starch partitioning in developing ginger rhizomes during different growth stages

Journal of Plantation Crops, 2021

Source sink relationship, dry matter and starch partitioning, rhizome bulking process in relation... more Source sink relationship, dry matter and starch partitioning, rhizome bulking process in relation to dry matter and starch partitioning in developing rhizomes and growth and gas exchange parameters were studied in three popular varieties of ginger viz., IISR Varada, IISR Mahima and IISR Rejatha. Results revealed that maximum tiller production and leaf area accumulation occurred between 60 and 120 days after planting (DAP) in all three varieties. Photosynthetic rate and hormone contents (auxin and cytokinin) increased from 90-120 DAP, peaked at 120 DAP and then started declining. Biomass partitioning data revealed that the active biomass accumulation stage was between 60 and 150 DAP in ginger. The dry matter accumulation pattern in rhizomes also revealed that maximum dry matter accumulation in rhizomes also occurred between 60 and 150 DAP in all the three varieties. Maximum starch accumulation in the rhizomes also occurred during the same period. These results suggest that most of th...

Research paper thumbnail of Growth and nutrient content of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) cuttings as influenced by inoculation with biofertilizers

Research paper thumbnail of Biennial harvest reduces rhizome multiplication rate and provides no yield advantage in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe.)

Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015

A study was conducted during 2009–10 and 2010–11 under rainfed condition to observe the sprout em... more A study was conducted during 2009–10 and 2010–11 under rainfed condition to observe the sprout emergence, tiller production and yield when the ginger was allowed to grow in the second season/year without harvest in first year/season. First generation ginger was not harvested and allowed to emerge on the same container and harvested in subsequent year in second generation in the month of January 2011. After harvesting, fresh rhizome was cleaned and sorted into first year produce and second year produce based on their appearance and texture and weighed separately, their proportion was estimated and multiplication rate from first generation crop to second generation crop was calculated. The mean shoot emergence and tiller production were five and 19, respectively. Average yield in first, second years and total yield were 209, 566 and 775 g plant-1, respectively. The share between first and second year yield were 27.8 and 72.2%, respectively and mean multiplication rate was 3.5 times. A...

Research paper thumbnail of Utilization of composted coir pith for growth and yield of turmeric

Agricultural science digest, 2005

A field trial was conducted during the year 1993-1995 to evaluate the application of composted co... more A field trial was conducted during the year 1993-1995 to evaluate the application of composted coir pith for growth and yield of turmeric. Composted coir pith at different dosages in combination with leaf mulch under limed and unlimed condition constituted the treatments. Highest yield was recorded by the treatment composted coir pith with 3/4 th of recommended dose of leaf mulch under limed condition. Benefit cost ratio (1. 72) and per income (Rs.89,549) was highest for the same treatment. Coir pith compost reduced the leaf mulch required for turmeric cultivation. Liming increased growth and yield of turmeric.

Research paper thumbnail of TREE SPECIES USED AS SUPPORTS FOR BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.) CULTIVATION

The use of reliable supports (standards) for the successful establishment of black pepper plantat... more The use of reliable supports (standards) for the successful establishment of black pepper plantations is a common practice in producing countries. Standards are of two types, living and non-living. The use of non -living (dead) standards (reinforced concrete posts, granite pillars and teak poles), though often resulting higher black pepper yie lds, is less widely practiced, mainly due to the high capital investment required. Therefore, cultivation of black pepper in producing countries is generally done by trailing the vines on live standards. A variety of trees are used as living standards. The most common ones are Erythrina indica, E. lithosperma, Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala and Garuga pinnata. Other trees used are Ailanthus malabarica in lower altitudes and Grevillia robusta at higher elevations. In the homesteads of India, black pepper is mostly grown using standards such as mango, jackfruit, coconut, arecanut etc and when interplanted in cardamom and coffee plantat...

Research paper thumbnail of Delineation of Turmeric Zones in Tamil Nadu

Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015

Miscellaneous Note: Tamil Nadu is having 30 districts, spread over 13 million ha. in 7 agro-clima... more Miscellaneous Note: Tamil Nadu is having 30 districts, spread over 13 million ha. in 7 agro-climatic zones and lies between 8°5' and 13°5' north latitude and 76°15' and 80°20' eastern longitude. The average annual rainfall is 1010 mm with 54 rainy days. Tamil Nadu ranks third place in area under turmeric (11 %) next to Andhra Pradesh (39 %) and Orissa (18%) and second place in production (19%) next to Andhra Pradesh (49%).

Research paper thumbnail of Enhancement of yield in nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) through pruning

Journal of Plantation Crops, 2019

References H., Che Wan Zanariah, C.W.N. and Jalania, B.S., 2015. Multivariate analysis of vegetat... more References H., Che Wan Zanariah, C.W.N. and Jalania, B.S., 2015. Multivariate analysis of vegetative and physiological traits in Ahmad, H.F., Awar, S.I., Aziz, O. and Ali, M.A., 2014. oil palm (Elaies guineensis Jacq.) germplasm. Expert Multivariate analysis of some metric traits in bread wheat Opinion Environmental Biology 4(3): 1-5.(Triticum aestivum L.). European Journal of Biotechnology and Bioscience 1(4): 22-26. Maji, A.T. and Shaibu, A.A. 2012. Application of principal component analysis for rice germplasm characterization Anonymous. 2017. Annual report 2016-17 (Executive and evaluation. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop summary) Published by Mathur, R. K., Director, ICARScience 4(6): 87-93.Indian Institute of Oil palm Research, Pedavegi, Andhra Pradesh, India. pp. 3. Makinde, S. C. O. and Ariyo, O. J., 2010. Multivariate analysis of genetic divergence in twenty two genotypes of Ashfaq, M., Khan, A. S., Khan S. H. U. and Ahmad, R. 2012. groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.). Journa...

Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of rainfall of the high rainfall tract of northern agro-climatic zone of Kerala

Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2011

Analysis of rainfall of the high rainfall tract of northern agroclimatic zone of Kerala wascarrie... more Analysis of rainfall of the high rainfall tract of northern agroclimatic zone of Kerala wascarried out for 26 years (1980–2005) to schedule spice crop management practices precisely.The analysis indicated that the tract received 4461 mm of annual rainfall in 145 rainy days.South west monsoon (June to September) alone contributed 75% of annual rainfall and Julywas the rainiest month (1117 mm) with 27 rainy days. The length of growing period wasidentified between 18th standard week to 47th standard week (from 30th April to 25th November)with a mean rainfall of 4284.1 mm. The pre-monsoon period from 2nd April to 6th May (between14th week to 18th week) with a mean rainfall of 180.6 mm was the right time for land preparationfor annual crops like ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) and the periodbetween 30th April to 27th May (18th week to 21st week) with a mean rainfall of 244.4 mm wasideal for planting including first mulching and first schedule of fertilizer appl...

Research paper thumbnail of Rainfall and temperature trends - a tool for crop planning

Journal of Plantation Crops, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Response of clove ( Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry) seedlings and black pepper ( Piper nigrum L.) cuttings to propagating media under nursery conditionsl

Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2016

Various propagating media were evaluated for enhancing growth of clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) s... more Various propagating media were evaluated for enhancing growth of clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) seedlings in the nursery and the best was soil and vermicompost mixed in 1 : 1 proportion. The transplanting time of clove seedlings could also be shortened to 1 year by adopting this media in the nursery. Vermicompost was also evaluated as a propagating media for black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in comparison with potting mixture comprising of soil, sand and farmyard manure. Black pepper "uttings raised in vermicompost were significantly taller and had more number of leaves than in potting mixture.

Research paper thumbnail of Monetary and non-monetary inputs on turmeric growth, nutrient uptake, yield and economics under irrigated condition

Field experiment with split plot design was conducted to study the effect of monetary and non-mon... more Field experiment with split plot design was conducted to study the effect of monetary and non-monetary inputs on growth, nutrient uptake, yield and economics of turmeric. Non-monetary inputs viz., two varieties (BSR 1 and BSR 2) and three planting time (15 May, 15 June and 15 July); monetary inputs viz., three spacing (30 cm x 15 cm, 45 cm x 15 cm, 60 cm x 15 cm) and three N levels (125, 150 and 175 kg/ha) formed the treatment combination. Turmeric variety BSR 2 out yielded BSR 1 in terms of growth, nutrient uptake and yield. Planting the turmeric during middle of May (15 May) was superior compared to 15 June and 15 July plantings. Among spacing, 30cm x 15cm recorded significantly higher growth, nutrient uptake and yield than 45 cm x 15 cm and 60 cm x 15 cm. The crop response was better for higher rate of nitrogen (175 kg/ha) than other levels. Economic evaluation indicated that combination of non-monetary inputs viz., planting BSR 2 at 15 May with monetary inputs viz., 30 x 15 cm s...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of solarized potting mixture on growth of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) rooted cuttings in the nursery

Solarized potting mixture in combination with nutrients and biocontrol agents was evaluatedfor pr... more Solarized potting mixture in combination with nutrients and biocontrol agents was evaluatedfor production of vigorous disease free rooted cuttings of black pepper. Plants raised insolarized potting mixture had better growth than plants raised in nonsolarized pottingmixture (soil, sand, and farm yard manure 2:1:1proportion). Among the various treatments,plants raised in solarized potting mixture with recommended nutrients (urea,superphosphate, potash and magnesium sulphate 4:3:2:1) showed significant increase innumber of leaves(5.3), length of roots (20cm), leaf area (177cm2), nutrient contents andbiomass (3.7g pl-1). The results indicated the superiority of solarized potting mixture forreducing the incidence of diseases besides yielding vigorous planting material. Cost ofproduction of rooted cuttings with biocontrol agents was found to be cheaper in the case ofrooted black pepper cuttings raised in solarized potting mixture. Bio control agents or biofertilizers can be mixed with so...

Research paper thumbnail of Agronomy of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) - a review

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), a highly valued spice crop, is a perennial vine which originated ... more Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), a highly valued spice crop, is a perennial vine which originated in the Western Ghats of India and subsequently spread to other countries. Various aspects of crop ecology and agronomical practices such as planting material production, spacing and supports, training and pruning, irrigation, mulching and weeding, nutrition, harvest and cropping systems are reviewed.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of short and tall true turmeric (Curcuma longa) varieties for growth, yield and stability

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of nursery mixture for planting material production in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)

An experiment was conducted at Peruvannamuzhi (Kerala) to study the feasibility of usingsoil-less... more An experiment was conducted at Peruvannamuzhi (Kerala) to study the feasibility of usingsoil-less medium containing coir pith compost and granite powder for raising black pepper(Piper nigrum) cuttings in the nursery. Plant height, leaf production, leaf area and total drymatter production were significantly higher in the medium consisting of coir pith compostand granite powder in 1:1 proportion along with Azospirillum sp. and phosphobacteria asnutrient sources whereas, the cost of production of rooted cuttings was cheaper in the mediumconsisting of coir pith compost, granite powder, and farmyard manure in 2:1:1 proportioncompared to conventional potting mixture (soil: sand: farmyard manure in 2:1:1 proportion).

Research paper thumbnail of Delineation of Cumin (Cuminum Cyminum L.) Production Zone Beyond Boundaries in India Based on Climate Analogues, Soil Suitability and Rainfall Analysis

Here, we attempted to identify ideal ecological niche for cumin cultivation in India in the futur... more Here, we attempted to identify ideal ecological niche for cumin cultivation in India in the future climate scenario by adopting an integrated approach of climate analogues and soil suitability. This will help policy makers for area expansion to generate more revenue as cumin has huge export potential. Climate analogues tool, a web-based tool developed by the Research Programme on climate change, agriculture and food security (CCAFS) helps to identify, connect and map sites with statistically similar climates across space and time. Efficient cumin production zones in India were identified based on relative spread index and relative yield index which were used as the input/reference site for finding the analogues sites. Rainfall and temperature were the main climatic variables used in the study under SRES A1B emission scenario. The results showed a total of 453 analogues sites (districts) identified by 14 reference sites used in the study. The analogues sites identified by the tool we...

Research paper thumbnail of Turmeric

Horticultural Reviews, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of weather parameters on sex expression and flowering pattern of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.)

Journal of Agrometeorology, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Intercropping in juvenile black pepper garden

Research paper thumbnail of Crop diversification in black pepper gardens with tuber and fodder crops

Research paper thumbnail of Source sink relationship, dry matter and starch partitioning in developing ginger rhizomes during different growth stages

Journal of Plantation Crops, 2021

Source sink relationship, dry matter and starch partitioning, rhizome bulking process in relation... more Source sink relationship, dry matter and starch partitioning, rhizome bulking process in relation to dry matter and starch partitioning in developing rhizomes and growth and gas exchange parameters were studied in three popular varieties of ginger viz., IISR Varada, IISR Mahima and IISR Rejatha. Results revealed that maximum tiller production and leaf area accumulation occurred between 60 and 120 days after planting (DAP) in all three varieties. Photosynthetic rate and hormone contents (auxin and cytokinin) increased from 90-120 DAP, peaked at 120 DAP and then started declining. Biomass partitioning data revealed that the active biomass accumulation stage was between 60 and 150 DAP in ginger. The dry matter accumulation pattern in rhizomes also revealed that maximum dry matter accumulation in rhizomes also occurred between 60 and 150 DAP in all the three varieties. Maximum starch accumulation in the rhizomes also occurred during the same period. These results suggest that most of th...

Research paper thumbnail of Growth and nutrient content of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) cuttings as influenced by inoculation with biofertilizers

Research paper thumbnail of Biennial harvest reduces rhizome multiplication rate and provides no yield advantage in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe.)

Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015

A study was conducted during 2009–10 and 2010–11 under rainfed condition to observe the sprout em... more A study was conducted during 2009–10 and 2010–11 under rainfed condition to observe the sprout emergence, tiller production and yield when the ginger was allowed to grow in the second season/year without harvest in first year/season. First generation ginger was not harvested and allowed to emerge on the same container and harvested in subsequent year in second generation in the month of January 2011. After harvesting, fresh rhizome was cleaned and sorted into first year produce and second year produce based on their appearance and texture and weighed separately, their proportion was estimated and multiplication rate from first generation crop to second generation crop was calculated. The mean shoot emergence and tiller production were five and 19, respectively. Average yield in first, second years and total yield were 209, 566 and 775 g plant-1, respectively. The share between first and second year yield were 27.8 and 72.2%, respectively and mean multiplication rate was 3.5 times. A...

Research paper thumbnail of Utilization of composted coir pith for growth and yield of turmeric

Agricultural science digest, 2005

A field trial was conducted during the year 1993-1995 to evaluate the application of composted co... more A field trial was conducted during the year 1993-1995 to evaluate the application of composted coir pith for growth and yield of turmeric. Composted coir pith at different dosages in combination with leaf mulch under limed and unlimed condition constituted the treatments. Highest yield was recorded by the treatment composted coir pith with 3/4 th of recommended dose of leaf mulch under limed condition. Benefit cost ratio (1. 72) and per income (Rs.89,549) was highest for the same treatment. Coir pith compost reduced the leaf mulch required for turmeric cultivation. Liming increased growth and yield of turmeric.

Research paper thumbnail of TREE SPECIES USED AS SUPPORTS FOR BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.) CULTIVATION

The use of reliable supports (standards) for the successful establishment of black pepper plantat... more The use of reliable supports (standards) for the successful establishment of black pepper plantations is a common practice in producing countries. Standards are of two types, living and non-living. The use of non -living (dead) standards (reinforced concrete posts, granite pillars and teak poles), though often resulting higher black pepper yie lds, is less widely practiced, mainly due to the high capital investment required. Therefore, cultivation of black pepper in producing countries is generally done by trailing the vines on live standards. A variety of trees are used as living standards. The most common ones are Erythrina indica, E. lithosperma, Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala and Garuga pinnata. Other trees used are Ailanthus malabarica in lower altitudes and Grevillia robusta at higher elevations. In the homesteads of India, black pepper is mostly grown using standards such as mango, jackfruit, coconut, arecanut etc and when interplanted in cardamom and coffee plantat...

Research paper thumbnail of Delineation of Turmeric Zones in Tamil Nadu

Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015

Miscellaneous Note: Tamil Nadu is having 30 districts, spread over 13 million ha. in 7 agro-clima... more Miscellaneous Note: Tamil Nadu is having 30 districts, spread over 13 million ha. in 7 agro-climatic zones and lies between 8°5' and 13°5' north latitude and 76°15' and 80°20' eastern longitude. The average annual rainfall is 1010 mm with 54 rainy days. Tamil Nadu ranks third place in area under turmeric (11 %) next to Andhra Pradesh (39 %) and Orissa (18%) and second place in production (19%) next to Andhra Pradesh (49%).

Research paper thumbnail of Enhancement of yield in nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) through pruning

Journal of Plantation Crops, 2019

References H., Che Wan Zanariah, C.W.N. and Jalania, B.S., 2015. Multivariate analysis of vegetat... more References H., Che Wan Zanariah, C.W.N. and Jalania, B.S., 2015. Multivariate analysis of vegetative and physiological traits in Ahmad, H.F., Awar, S.I., Aziz, O. and Ali, M.A., 2014. oil palm (Elaies guineensis Jacq.) germplasm. Expert Multivariate analysis of some metric traits in bread wheat Opinion Environmental Biology 4(3): 1-5.(Triticum aestivum L.). European Journal of Biotechnology and Bioscience 1(4): 22-26. Maji, A.T. and Shaibu, A.A. 2012. Application of principal component analysis for rice germplasm characterization Anonymous. 2017. Annual report 2016-17 (Executive and evaluation. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop summary) Published by Mathur, R. K., Director, ICARScience 4(6): 87-93.Indian Institute of Oil palm Research, Pedavegi, Andhra Pradesh, India. pp. 3. Makinde, S. C. O. and Ariyo, O. J., 2010. Multivariate analysis of genetic divergence in twenty two genotypes of Ashfaq, M., Khan, A. S., Khan S. H. U. and Ahmad, R. 2012. groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.). Journa...

Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of rainfall of the high rainfall tract of northern agro-climatic zone of Kerala

Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2011

Analysis of rainfall of the high rainfall tract of northern agroclimatic zone of Kerala wascarrie... more Analysis of rainfall of the high rainfall tract of northern agroclimatic zone of Kerala wascarried out for 26 years (1980–2005) to schedule spice crop management practices precisely.The analysis indicated that the tract received 4461 mm of annual rainfall in 145 rainy days.South west monsoon (June to September) alone contributed 75% of annual rainfall and Julywas the rainiest month (1117 mm) with 27 rainy days. The length of growing period wasidentified between 18th standard week to 47th standard week (from 30th April to 25th November)with a mean rainfall of 4284.1 mm. The pre-monsoon period from 2nd April to 6th May (between14th week to 18th week) with a mean rainfall of 180.6 mm was the right time for land preparationfor annual crops like ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) and the periodbetween 30th April to 27th May (18th week to 21st week) with a mean rainfall of 244.4 mm wasideal for planting including first mulching and first schedule of fertilizer appl...

Research paper thumbnail of Rainfall and temperature trends - a tool for crop planning

Journal of Plantation Crops, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Response of clove ( Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry) seedlings and black pepper ( Piper nigrum L.) cuttings to propagating media under nursery conditionsl

Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2016

Various propagating media were evaluated for enhancing growth of clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) s... more Various propagating media were evaluated for enhancing growth of clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) seedlings in the nursery and the best was soil and vermicompost mixed in 1 : 1 proportion. The transplanting time of clove seedlings could also be shortened to 1 year by adopting this media in the nursery. Vermicompost was also evaluated as a propagating media for black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in comparison with potting mixture comprising of soil, sand and farmyard manure. Black pepper "uttings raised in vermicompost were significantly taller and had more number of leaves than in potting mixture.

Research paper thumbnail of Monetary and non-monetary inputs on turmeric growth, nutrient uptake, yield and economics under irrigated condition

Field experiment with split plot design was conducted to study the effect of monetary and non-mon... more Field experiment with split plot design was conducted to study the effect of monetary and non-monetary inputs on growth, nutrient uptake, yield and economics of turmeric. Non-monetary inputs viz., two varieties (BSR 1 and BSR 2) and three planting time (15 May, 15 June and 15 July); monetary inputs viz., three spacing (30 cm x 15 cm, 45 cm x 15 cm, 60 cm x 15 cm) and three N levels (125, 150 and 175 kg/ha) formed the treatment combination. Turmeric variety BSR 2 out yielded BSR 1 in terms of growth, nutrient uptake and yield. Planting the turmeric during middle of May (15 May) was superior compared to 15 June and 15 July plantings. Among spacing, 30cm x 15cm recorded significantly higher growth, nutrient uptake and yield than 45 cm x 15 cm and 60 cm x 15 cm. The crop response was better for higher rate of nitrogen (175 kg/ha) than other levels. Economic evaluation indicated that combination of non-monetary inputs viz., planting BSR 2 at 15 May with monetary inputs viz., 30 x 15 cm s...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of solarized potting mixture on growth of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) rooted cuttings in the nursery

Solarized potting mixture in combination with nutrients and biocontrol agents was evaluatedfor pr... more Solarized potting mixture in combination with nutrients and biocontrol agents was evaluatedfor production of vigorous disease free rooted cuttings of black pepper. Plants raised insolarized potting mixture had better growth than plants raised in nonsolarized pottingmixture (soil, sand, and farm yard manure 2:1:1proportion). Among the various treatments,plants raised in solarized potting mixture with recommended nutrients (urea,superphosphate, potash and magnesium sulphate 4:3:2:1) showed significant increase innumber of leaves(5.3), length of roots (20cm), leaf area (177cm2), nutrient contents andbiomass (3.7g pl-1). The results indicated the superiority of solarized potting mixture forreducing the incidence of diseases besides yielding vigorous planting material. Cost ofproduction of rooted cuttings with biocontrol agents was found to be cheaper in the case ofrooted black pepper cuttings raised in solarized potting mixture. Bio control agents or biofertilizers can be mixed with so...

Research paper thumbnail of Agronomy of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) - a review

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), a highly valued spice crop, is a perennial vine which originated ... more Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), a highly valued spice crop, is a perennial vine which originated in the Western Ghats of India and subsequently spread to other countries. Various aspects of crop ecology and agronomical practices such as planting material production, spacing and supports, training and pruning, irrigation, mulching and weeding, nutrition, harvest and cropping systems are reviewed.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of short and tall true turmeric (Curcuma longa) varieties for growth, yield and stability

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of nursery mixture for planting material production in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)

An experiment was conducted at Peruvannamuzhi (Kerala) to study the feasibility of usingsoil-less... more An experiment was conducted at Peruvannamuzhi (Kerala) to study the feasibility of usingsoil-less medium containing coir pith compost and granite powder for raising black pepper(Piper nigrum) cuttings in the nursery. Plant height, leaf production, leaf area and total drymatter production were significantly higher in the medium consisting of coir pith compostand granite powder in 1:1 proportion along with Azospirillum sp. and phosphobacteria asnutrient sources whereas, the cost of production of rooted cuttings was cheaper in the mediumconsisting of coir pith compost, granite powder, and farmyard manure in 2:1:1 proportioncompared to conventional potting mixture (soil: sand: farmyard manure in 2:1:1 proportion).