K. Lissemore - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by K. Lissemore
Journal of dairy science, 2011
The 3 objectives of this study were (1) to quantify milk production differences among cows with d... more The 3 objectives of this study were (1) to quantify milk production differences among cows with different paratuberculosis (ParaTB) milk ELISA results; (2) to determine if production differences existed in lactations preceding the test among cows with different ParaTB milk ELISA results; and (3) to assess whether Channel Island breeds were more likely to test positive with the ParaTB milk ELISA than other dairy breeds. Current and completed lactation records from 35,591 dairy cows in Ontario and western Canada that had been tested with a commercial ParaTB milk ELISA were included in the analysis. The first occurrence of the highest categorical test result was used to classify the cow. Cows were then grouped by the lactation in which the first high-positive (HTP), low-positive, or negative milk ELISA occurred, and comparisons were made within lactation groups. High test-positive cows were defined as those that had an optical density ≥ 1.0 on at least 1 ParaTB milk ELISA. The associat...
Journal of dairy science, 2011
The objectives of this study were (1) to describe the change in Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratube... more The objectives of this study were (1) to describe the change in Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) antibody milk ELISA-positive prevalence in Canadian dairy herds that participated in a risk assessment (RA)-based Johne's disease (JD) control program; (2) to describe the distribution of so-called high-risk management practices on Canadian dairy farms; and (3) to assess if compliance with selected recommendations translated into changes in the scores of associated RA questions. In Ontario and western Canada, 226 herds voluntarily participated in a RA-based JD control program for several years. In 2005-2007, a previsit survey, RA, and MAP-antibody milk ELISA of the entire milking herd were conducted. Therefore, the interpretation of the results of this study is strictly for the MAP-antibody milk ELISA status of cows or herds, because no culture of MAP (of fecal or environmental samples) was conducted due to economic restrictions. In early 2008, a telephone interview wa...
Journal of dairy science, 2011
The objective of this study was to assess whether the milk ELISA status for antibodies against bo... more The objective of this study was to assess whether the milk ELISA status for antibodies against bovine leukemia virus was associated with 305-d milk production in Canadian dairy cattle. Test results and test-day production data from 19,785 dairy cows were available for analysis. A linear mixed model was used with the estimated 305-d milk production as the outcome and lactation number, somatic cell count, calving season, days in milk, and breed as fixed effects. Herd nested in province was included as random effect. In conclusion, bovine leukemia virus antibody milk ELISA status was not associated with milk production.
Veterinary parasitology, Jan 28, 2005
The objective of this epidemiological study was to identify risk factors for Neospora caninum-rel... more The objective of this epidemiological study was to identify risk factors for Neospora caninum-related abortions in Ontario Holstein dairy herds. A total of 88 herds, consisting of 5080 cattle, and utilizing Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) services, were divided into three groups. Case (n = 30) and first control (n = 31) herds were selected from 1998 and 1999 fetal abortion submissions to the Animal Health Laboratory, University of Guelph, that were histopathologically positive or negative, respectively, for N. caninum. A second control group (n = 27) was selected from multiple sources of herds sampled within the previous 4 years that had a low seroprevalence (<7%) to N. caninum. Between May and December 1999, all available cows on all farms, in parity one or greater, were blood sampled. The sera were then analyzed for antibody to N. caninum using a kinetic ELISA. A survey administered at the time of sampling recorded information on housing, animal species present, manure management,...
Journal of dairy science, 1999
Dry cows and pregnant heifers from 25 farms near Guelph, Ontario, Canada were enrolled in a large... more Dry cows and pregnant heifers from 25 farms near Guelph, Ontario, Canada were enrolled in a large, double-blind, randomized clinical trial designed to evaluate the impact of monensin on energy metabolism, health, and production. A total of 503 cows was given monensin in controlled-release capsules, and 507 cows were administered placebo capsules 3 wk before expected calving date. The effects of treatment on health were evaluated using a logistic regression model. Treatment with monensin significantly reduced the incidence of abomasal displacement (OR = 0.41-0.84) and multiple illnesses (OR = 0.38-0.89). Monensin treatment tended to reduce the incidence of clinical ketosis (P = 0.11) and the risk of being culled (P = 0.09) in the first 94 d of lactation. Reproductive performance was analyzed with both a logistic regression model for conception rate and a survival analysis for days to first breeding and days from calving to conception. Treatment with monensin had no significant effect...
Journal of Dairy Science, 1998
The effects of monensin on the energy metabolism of dairy cows in early lactation were investigat... more The effects of monensin on the energy metabolism of dairy cows in early lactation were investigated in a large clinical trial that was randomized and doubleblinded. A total of 1010 Holstein cows and first lactation heifers were allocated to receive a controlledrelease capsule of monensin or a placebo at 3 wk prior to expected calving date. Treatments were randomized across 25 dairy farms located near Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Serum samples obtained at the time of treatment administration and at wk 1, 2, 3, 6, and 9 postcalving were analyzed for b-hydroxybutyrate, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, total protein, calcium, and phosphorus. Cows were also assigned a body condition score at the time each sample was obtained. Monensin treatment significantly reduced serum b-hydroxy-butyrate concentrations at wk 1, 2, and 3 postpartum and significantly raised serum glucose concentrations during wk 1 and 2 of lactation. In addition, monensin treatment significantly reduced the loss of body condition score and decreased serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase during the postpartum period. Concentrations of serum urea were significantly higher during wk 2 and 3 postpartum for the cows that were treated with monensin. Monensin treatment had no effect on the concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, or total protein.
Journal of Dairy Science, 1999
A prospective field study involving 251 Holstein cows and heifers from five dairy farms near Guel... more A prospective field study involving 251 Holstein cows and heifers from five dairy farms near Guelph, Ontario, Canada, was conducted to measure the effect of monensin delivered in a controlled release capsule 3 wk precalving on metabolic function in dairy cows immediately pre-and postcalving. At 3 wk before expected calving, cows were randomly assigned to receive either a controlled release capsule containing monensin or to serve as negative controls. Cows were blood sampled once per week precalving and once in the week following calving, at the same time of day and the same day of the week. Serum was evaluated for β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), cholesterol, urea, glucose, calcium, and phosphorus. Monensintreated cows had significantly decreased NEFA and BHBA and significantly increased concentrations of serum cholesterol and urea in the week immediately precalving. No effect of treatment was observed for calcium, phosphorus, or glucose in the precalving period. After calving, concentrations of phosphorus were lower and BHBA tended to be lower, and cholesterol and urea were higher in monensin-treated cows. There was no effect of treatment on NEFA, glucose, or calcium in the first week postcalving. Monensin treatment administered precalving significantly improved indicators of energy balance in both the immediate precalving and postcalving periods. The findings indicate better energy metabolism in monensin-treated cows as they approach calving. Improvement of energy balance before calving is important for the prevention of energy associated metabolic diseases, such as retained placenta, clinical ketosis, and displaced abomasum, which might occur immediately postcalving. (
Journal of Veterinary Medical Education, 2003
A course called Health Management 1 was created as part of a new DVM curriculum at the Ontario Ve... more A course called Health Management 1 was created as part of a new DVM curriculum at the Ontario Veterinary College. This full year course was designed to introduce students to basic concepts of health management, integrating the disciplines of epidemiology, ethology, and public health in the context of selected animal industries. The course was comprised of 60 lecture hours and four two-hour laboratories. A common definition of health management, incorporating five principles, was used throughout the course, in order to reinforce the concepts and to maintain continuity between lecture blocks. Unlike in the years prior to the introduction of the new curriculum, epidemiology was presented as a tool of health management rather than as a separate discipline. To supplement the lecture and laboratory material, a Web-based resource was created and the students were required to review the appropriate section prior to each lecture block. Small quizzes, consisting of 10 questions each within WebCT, were used to stimulate self-directed learning. Overall, the course was well received by the students. The Web resources combined with the WebCT quizzes proved to be an effective method of stimulating students to prepare for lecture.
Journal of dairy science, 2011
The 3 objectives of this study were (1) to quantify milk production differences among cows with d... more The 3 objectives of this study were (1) to quantify milk production differences among cows with different paratuberculosis (ParaTB) milk ELISA results; (2) to determine if production differences existed in lactations preceding the test among cows with different ParaTB milk ELISA results; and (3) to assess whether Channel Island breeds were more likely to test positive with the ParaTB milk ELISA than other dairy breeds. Current and completed lactation records from 35,591 dairy cows in Ontario and western Canada that had been tested with a commercial ParaTB milk ELISA were included in the analysis. The first occurrence of the highest categorical test result was used to classify the cow. Cows were then grouped by the lactation in which the first high-positive (HTP), low-positive, or negative milk ELISA occurred, and comparisons were made within lactation groups. High test-positive cows were defined as those that had an optical density ≥ 1.0 on at least 1 ParaTB milk ELISA. The associat...
Journal of dairy science, 2011
The objectives of this study were (1) to describe the change in Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratube... more The objectives of this study were (1) to describe the change in Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) antibody milk ELISA-positive prevalence in Canadian dairy herds that participated in a risk assessment (RA)-based Johne's disease (JD) control program; (2) to describe the distribution of so-called high-risk management practices on Canadian dairy farms; and (3) to assess if compliance with selected recommendations translated into changes in the scores of associated RA questions. In Ontario and western Canada, 226 herds voluntarily participated in a RA-based JD control program for several years. In 2005-2007, a previsit survey, RA, and MAP-antibody milk ELISA of the entire milking herd were conducted. Therefore, the interpretation of the results of this study is strictly for the MAP-antibody milk ELISA status of cows or herds, because no culture of MAP (of fecal or environmental samples) was conducted due to economic restrictions. In early 2008, a telephone interview wa...
Journal of dairy science, 2011
The objective of this study was to assess whether the milk ELISA status for antibodies against bo... more The objective of this study was to assess whether the milk ELISA status for antibodies against bovine leukemia virus was associated with 305-d milk production in Canadian dairy cattle. Test results and test-day production data from 19,785 dairy cows were available for analysis. A linear mixed model was used with the estimated 305-d milk production as the outcome and lactation number, somatic cell count, calving season, days in milk, and breed as fixed effects. Herd nested in province was included as random effect. In conclusion, bovine leukemia virus antibody milk ELISA status was not associated with milk production.
Veterinary parasitology, Jan 28, 2005
The objective of this epidemiological study was to identify risk factors for Neospora caninum-rel... more The objective of this epidemiological study was to identify risk factors for Neospora caninum-related abortions in Ontario Holstein dairy herds. A total of 88 herds, consisting of 5080 cattle, and utilizing Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) services, were divided into three groups. Case (n = 30) and first control (n = 31) herds were selected from 1998 and 1999 fetal abortion submissions to the Animal Health Laboratory, University of Guelph, that were histopathologically positive or negative, respectively, for N. caninum. A second control group (n = 27) was selected from multiple sources of herds sampled within the previous 4 years that had a low seroprevalence (<7%) to N. caninum. Between May and December 1999, all available cows on all farms, in parity one or greater, were blood sampled. The sera were then analyzed for antibody to N. caninum using a kinetic ELISA. A survey administered at the time of sampling recorded information on housing, animal species present, manure management,...
Journal of dairy science, 1999
Dry cows and pregnant heifers from 25 farms near Guelph, Ontario, Canada were enrolled in a large... more Dry cows and pregnant heifers from 25 farms near Guelph, Ontario, Canada were enrolled in a large, double-blind, randomized clinical trial designed to evaluate the impact of monensin on energy metabolism, health, and production. A total of 503 cows was given monensin in controlled-release capsules, and 507 cows were administered placebo capsules 3 wk before expected calving date. The effects of treatment on health were evaluated using a logistic regression model. Treatment with monensin significantly reduced the incidence of abomasal displacement (OR = 0.41-0.84) and multiple illnesses (OR = 0.38-0.89). Monensin treatment tended to reduce the incidence of clinical ketosis (P = 0.11) and the risk of being culled (P = 0.09) in the first 94 d of lactation. Reproductive performance was analyzed with both a logistic regression model for conception rate and a survival analysis for days to first breeding and days from calving to conception. Treatment with monensin had no significant effect...
Journal of Dairy Science, 1998
The effects of monensin on the energy metabolism of dairy cows in early lactation were investigat... more The effects of monensin on the energy metabolism of dairy cows in early lactation were investigated in a large clinical trial that was randomized and doubleblinded. A total of 1010 Holstein cows and first lactation heifers were allocated to receive a controlledrelease capsule of monensin or a placebo at 3 wk prior to expected calving date. Treatments were randomized across 25 dairy farms located near Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Serum samples obtained at the time of treatment administration and at wk 1, 2, 3, 6, and 9 postcalving were analyzed for b-hydroxybutyrate, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, total protein, calcium, and phosphorus. Cows were also assigned a body condition score at the time each sample was obtained. Monensin treatment significantly reduced serum b-hydroxy-butyrate concentrations at wk 1, 2, and 3 postpartum and significantly raised serum glucose concentrations during wk 1 and 2 of lactation. In addition, monensin treatment significantly reduced the loss of body condition score and decreased serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase during the postpartum period. Concentrations of serum urea were significantly higher during wk 2 and 3 postpartum for the cows that were treated with monensin. Monensin treatment had no effect on the concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, or total protein.
Journal of Dairy Science, 1999
A prospective field study involving 251 Holstein cows and heifers from five dairy farms near Guel... more A prospective field study involving 251 Holstein cows and heifers from five dairy farms near Guelph, Ontario, Canada, was conducted to measure the effect of monensin delivered in a controlled release capsule 3 wk precalving on metabolic function in dairy cows immediately pre-and postcalving. At 3 wk before expected calving, cows were randomly assigned to receive either a controlled release capsule containing monensin or to serve as negative controls. Cows were blood sampled once per week precalving and once in the week following calving, at the same time of day and the same day of the week. Serum was evaluated for β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), cholesterol, urea, glucose, calcium, and phosphorus. Monensintreated cows had significantly decreased NEFA and BHBA and significantly increased concentrations of serum cholesterol and urea in the week immediately precalving. No effect of treatment was observed for calcium, phosphorus, or glucose in the precalving period. After calving, concentrations of phosphorus were lower and BHBA tended to be lower, and cholesterol and urea were higher in monensin-treated cows. There was no effect of treatment on NEFA, glucose, or calcium in the first week postcalving. Monensin treatment administered precalving significantly improved indicators of energy balance in both the immediate precalving and postcalving periods. The findings indicate better energy metabolism in monensin-treated cows as they approach calving. Improvement of energy balance before calving is important for the prevention of energy associated metabolic diseases, such as retained placenta, clinical ketosis, and displaced abomasum, which might occur immediately postcalving. (
Journal of Veterinary Medical Education, 2003
A course called Health Management 1 was created as part of a new DVM curriculum at the Ontario Ve... more A course called Health Management 1 was created as part of a new DVM curriculum at the Ontario Veterinary College. This full year course was designed to introduce students to basic concepts of health management, integrating the disciplines of epidemiology, ethology, and public health in the context of selected animal industries. The course was comprised of 60 lecture hours and four two-hour laboratories. A common definition of health management, incorporating five principles, was used throughout the course, in order to reinforce the concepts and to maintain continuity between lecture blocks. Unlike in the years prior to the introduction of the new curriculum, epidemiology was presented as a tool of health management rather than as a separate discipline. To supplement the lecture and laboratory material, a Web-based resource was created and the students were required to review the appropriate section prior to each lecture block. Small quizzes, consisting of 10 questions each within WebCT, were used to stimulate self-directed learning. Overall, the course was well received by the students. The Web resources combined with the WebCT quizzes proved to be an effective method of stimulating students to prepare for lecture.