Kevin McGrory - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Kevin McGrory

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Jun 1, 2012

The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of digital models generated by conebea... more The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of digital models generated by conebeam computed tomography and compare it with that of OrthoCAD models (Cadent, Carlstadt, NJ) for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning by using surface area analysis. Materials: Two sets of maxillary and mandibular digital models of 30 subjects were obtained. The models were made from impressions scanned with OrthoCAD and by conversion of related cone-beam computed tomography files. Each patient's matched pairs of maxillary and mandibular models were superimposed by using a software program and a best-fit algorithm; surface-to-surface analysis was then performed. The average linear differences between the 2 files at all points on the surfaces were measured, and tolerance levels of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 mm were set to determine the surface correlation amounts between the 2 files. Additionally, 6 linear measurements from predetermined landmarks were also measured and analyzed. Results: The average maxillary model linear difference was 0.28 to 0.60 mm, whereas the average mandibular model linear difference ranged between 0.34 and 0.61 mm. Greater than a 90% surface correlation was obtained on average at 1.00 mm in the maxillary models and at 1.25 mm in the mandibular models. The mean differences obtained from the linear measurements of the maxillary and mandibular models were 0.071 and 0.018 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Surface-to-surface analysis of OrthoCAD and digital models generated by cone-beam computed tomography pointed to a fair overlap between the protocols. The accuracy of digital models generated by cone-beam computed tomography is adequate for initial diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:686-93) A comprehensive and accurate treatment plan can be possible only by a thorough evaluation of dental models, intraoral and extraoral photographs, and panoramic and cephalometric images. 1 Recent advances in digital technology have vastly improved the diagnostic phase of orthodontic treatment, and analog records have quickly been replaced by digital formats. 2,3 The digital alternative offers a great advantage when contemplating the storage space required for traditional plaster models. Digital models can be stored virtually instead of physically, thus reducing the need for storage space along with reducing the costs involved. 4-8 Advances in technology and software have allowed digital models to be generated from cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans. Acquired digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) files captured by the orthodontist can be uploaded to a company's Web site, and a digital model can be obtained from the file. Once the model is generated by the proprietary software, the orthodontist can download, view, manipulate, and evaluate the models using software provided by the company. This technology allows for all anatomic structures from the CBCT image captured during the scan to be viewed. For example,

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Nov 1, 2004

The oral mucosa is susceptible to tissue injury from many causes, including infection, autoimmune... more The oral mucosa is susceptible to tissue injury from many causes, including infection, autoimmune disorders, surgical and accidental trauma, and gingival and periodontal inflammation; however, little is known about the events that influence wound healing in the mouth. Recent studies in non-oral tissues have implicated immune system-derived factors, in particular chemokines, in the wound healing process. Tissues from mice with experimental gingival wounds were studied for expression of genes for four chemokine ligands or receptors (CCL19, CCL20, CCL25, and CCR5) that are important in leukocyte trafficking or inflammation. Notably, during the peak phase of wound healing, chemokine gene expression was up-regulated for CCL19, CCL20, and CCL25, and down-regulation of CCR5, suggesting an orchestrated process of chemokine-mediated recruitment or retention of lymphocytes and macrophages into wound areas, while simultaneously suppressing a potentially adverse inflammatory response. These findings have implications for developing therapeutic strategies aimed at promoting more effective tissue healing at oral surfaces.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of a new method to orient 3-di... more The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of a new method to orient 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomography models to the natural head position (NHP). This method uses a small and inexpensive digital orientation device to record NHP in 3 dimensions. This device consists of a digital orientation sensor attached to the patient via a facebow and an individualized bite jig. The study was designed to answer 2 questions: 1) whether the weight of the new device can negatively influence the NHP and 2) whether the new method is as accurate as the gold standard. Fifteen patients with craniomaxillofacial deformities were included in the study. Each patient's NHP is recorded 3 times. The first NHP was recorded with a laser scanning method without the presence of the digital orientation device. The second NHP was recorded with the digital orientation device. Simultaneously, the third NHP was also recorded with the laser scanning method. Each recorded NHP measurement was then transferred to the patient's 3D computed tomography facial model, resulting in 3 different orientations for each patient: the orientation generated via the laser scanning method without the presence of the digital orientation sensor and facebow (orientation 1), the orientation generated by use of the laser scanning method with the presence of the digital orientation sensor and facebow (orientation 2), and the orientation generated with the digital orientation device (orientation 3). Comparisons are then made between orientations 1 and 2 and between orientations 2 and 3, respectively. Statistical analyses are performed. The results show that in each pair, the difference (Δ) between the 2 measurements is not statistically significantly different from 0°. In addition, in the first pair, the Bland-Altman lower and upper limits of the Δ between the 2 measurements are within 1.5° in pitch and within a subdegree in roll and yaw. In the second pair, the limits of the Δ in all 3 dimensions are within 0.5°. Our technique can accurately record NHP in 3 dimensions and precisely transfer it to a 3D model. In addition, the extra weight of the digital orientation sensor and facebow has minimal influence on the self-balanced NHP establishment.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2012

The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of digital models generated by conebea... more The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of digital models generated by conebeam computed tomography and compare it with that of OrthoCAD models (Cadent, Carlstadt, NJ) for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning by using surface area analysis. Materials: Two sets of maxillary and mandibular digital models of 30 subjects were obtained. The models were made from impressions scanned with OrthoCAD and by conversion of related cone-beam computed tomography files. Each patient's matched pairs of maxillary and mandibular models were superimposed by using a software program and a best-fit algorithm; surface-to-surface analysis was then performed. The average linear differences between the 2 files at all points on the surfaces were measured, and tolerance levels of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 mm were set to determine the surface correlation amounts between the 2 files. Additionally, 6 linear measurements from predetermined landmarks were also measured and analyzed. Results: The average maxillary model linear difference was 0.28 to 0.60 mm, whereas the average mandibular model linear difference ranged between 0.34 and 0.61 mm. Greater than a 90% surface correlation was obtained on average at 1.00 mm in the maxillary models and at 1.25 mm in the mandibular models. The mean differences obtained from the linear measurements of the maxillary and mandibular models were 0.071 and 0.018 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Surface-to-surface analysis of OrthoCAD and digital models generated by cone-beam computed tomography pointed to a fair overlap between the protocols. The accuracy of digital models generated by cone-beam computed tomography is adequate for initial diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:686-93) A comprehensive and accurate treatment plan can be possible only by a thorough evaluation of dental models, intraoral and extraoral photographs, and panoramic and cephalometric images. 1 Recent advances in digital technology have vastly improved the diagnostic phase of orthodontic treatment, and analog records have quickly been replaced by digital formats. 2,3 The digital alternative offers a great advantage when contemplating the storage space required for traditional plaster models. Digital models can be stored virtually instead of physically, thus reducing the need for storage space along with reducing the costs involved. 4-8 Advances in technology and software have allowed digital models to be generated from cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans. Acquired digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) files captured by the orthodontist can be uploaded to a company's Web site, and a digital model can be obtained from the file. Once the model is generated by the proprietary software, the orthodontist can download, view, manipulate, and evaluate the models using software provided by the company. This technology allows for all anatomic structures from the CBCT image captured during the scan to be viewed. For example,

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Nov 5, 2004

The oral mucosa is susceptible to tissue injury from many causes, including infection, autoimmune... more The oral mucosa is susceptible to tissue injury from many causes, including infection, autoimmune disorders, surgical and accidental trauma, and gingival and periodontal inflammation; however, little is known about the events that influence wound healing in the mouth. Recent studies in non-oral tissues have implicated immune system-derived factors, in particular chemokines, in the wound healing process. Tissues from mice with experimental gingival wounds were studied for expression of genes for four chemokine ligands or receptors (CCL19, CCL20, CCL25, and CCR5) that are important in leukocyte trafficking or inflammation. Notably, during the peak phase of wound healing, chemokine gene expression was up-regulated for CCL19, CCL20, and CCL25, and down-regulation of CCR5, suggesting an orchestrated process of chemokine-mediated recruitment or retention of lymphocytes and macrophages into wound areas, while simultaneously suppressing a potentially adverse inflammatory response. These findings have implications for developing therapeutic strategies aimed at promoting more effective tissue healing at oral surfaces.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2004

The oral mucosa is susceptible to tissue injury from many causes, including infection, autoimmune... more The oral mucosa is susceptible to tissue injury from many causes, including infection, autoimmune disorders, surgical and accidental trauma, and gingival and periodontal inflammation; however, little is known about the events that influence wound healing in the mouth. Recent studies in non-oral tissues have implicated immune system-derived factors, in particular chemokines, in the wound healing process. Tissues from mice with experimental gingival wounds were studied for expression of genes for four chemokine ligands or receptors (CCL19, CCL20, CCL25, and CCR5) that are important in leukocyte trafficking or inflammation. Notably, during the peak phase of wound healing, chemokine gene expression was up-regulated for CCL19, CCL20, and CCL25, and down-regulation of CCR5, suggesting an orchestrated process of chemokine-mediated recruitment or retention of lymphocytes and macrophages into wound areas, while simultaneously suppressing a potentially adverse inflammatory response. These findings have implications for developing therapeutic strategies aimed at promoting more effective tissue healing at oral surfaces.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2012

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of digital models genera... more Introduction: The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of digital models generated by conebeam computed tomography and compare it with that of OrthoCAD models (Cadent, Carlstadt, NJ) for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning by using surface area analysis. Materials: Two sets of maxillary and mandibular digital models of 30 subjects were obtained. The models were made from impressions scanned with OrthoCAD and by conversion of related cone-beam computed tomography files. Each patient's matched pairs of maxillary and mandibular models were superimposed by using a software program and a best-fit algorithm; surface-to-surface analysis was then performed. The average linear differences between the 2 files at all points on the surfaces were measured, and tolerance levels of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 mm were set to determine the surface correlation amounts between the 2 files. Additionally, 6 linear measurements from predetermined landmarks were also measured and analyzed. Results: The average maxillary model linear difference was 0.28 to 0.60 mm, whereas the average mandibular model linear difference ranged between 0.34 and 0.61 mm. Greater than a 90% surface correlation was obtained on average at 1.00 mm in the maxillary models and at 1.25 mm in the mandibular models. The mean differences obtained from the linear measurements of the maxillary and mandibular models were 0.071 and 0.018 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Surface-to-surface analysis of OrthoCAD and digital models generated by cone-beam computed tomography pointed to a fair overlap between the protocols. The accuracy of digital models generated by cone-beam computed tomography is adequate for initial diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:686-93)

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, Jan 3, 2011

Purpose-The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of a new method to ori... more Purpose-The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of a new method to orient three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) models to the natural head position (NHP). This method utilizes a small and inexpensive digital orientation device to record NHP in 3D. This device consists of a digital orientation sensor attached to the patient via a facebow and an individualized bite jig. The study was designed to answer two questions: 1) whether the weight of the new device can negatively influence the NHP; and 2) wether the new method is as accurate as the gold standard.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Jun 1, 2012

The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of digital models generated by conebea... more The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of digital models generated by conebeam computed tomography and compare it with that of OrthoCAD models (Cadent, Carlstadt, NJ) for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning by using surface area analysis. Materials: Two sets of maxillary and mandibular digital models of 30 subjects were obtained. The models were made from impressions scanned with OrthoCAD and by conversion of related cone-beam computed tomography files. Each patient's matched pairs of maxillary and mandibular models were superimposed by using a software program and a best-fit algorithm; surface-to-surface analysis was then performed. The average linear differences between the 2 files at all points on the surfaces were measured, and tolerance levels of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 mm were set to determine the surface correlation amounts between the 2 files. Additionally, 6 linear measurements from predetermined landmarks were also measured and analyzed. Results: The average maxillary model linear difference was 0.28 to 0.60 mm, whereas the average mandibular model linear difference ranged between 0.34 and 0.61 mm. Greater than a 90% surface correlation was obtained on average at 1.00 mm in the maxillary models and at 1.25 mm in the mandibular models. The mean differences obtained from the linear measurements of the maxillary and mandibular models were 0.071 and 0.018 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Surface-to-surface analysis of OrthoCAD and digital models generated by cone-beam computed tomography pointed to a fair overlap between the protocols. The accuracy of digital models generated by cone-beam computed tomography is adequate for initial diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:686-93) A comprehensive and accurate treatment plan can be possible only by a thorough evaluation of dental models, intraoral and extraoral photographs, and panoramic and cephalometric images. 1 Recent advances in digital technology have vastly improved the diagnostic phase of orthodontic treatment, and analog records have quickly been replaced by digital formats. 2,3 The digital alternative offers a great advantage when contemplating the storage space required for traditional plaster models. Digital models can be stored virtually instead of physically, thus reducing the need for storage space along with reducing the costs involved. 4-8 Advances in technology and software have allowed digital models to be generated from cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans. Acquired digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) files captured by the orthodontist can be uploaded to a company's Web site, and a digital model can be obtained from the file. Once the model is generated by the proprietary software, the orthodontist can download, view, manipulate, and evaluate the models using software provided by the company. This technology allows for all anatomic structures from the CBCT image captured during the scan to be viewed. For example,

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Nov 1, 2004

The oral mucosa is susceptible to tissue injury from many causes, including infection, autoimmune... more The oral mucosa is susceptible to tissue injury from many causes, including infection, autoimmune disorders, surgical and accidental trauma, and gingival and periodontal inflammation; however, little is known about the events that influence wound healing in the mouth. Recent studies in non-oral tissues have implicated immune system-derived factors, in particular chemokines, in the wound healing process. Tissues from mice with experimental gingival wounds were studied for expression of genes for four chemokine ligands or receptors (CCL19, CCL20, CCL25, and CCR5) that are important in leukocyte trafficking or inflammation. Notably, during the peak phase of wound healing, chemokine gene expression was up-regulated for CCL19, CCL20, and CCL25, and down-regulation of CCR5, suggesting an orchestrated process of chemokine-mediated recruitment or retention of lymphocytes and macrophages into wound areas, while simultaneously suppressing a potentially adverse inflammatory response. These findings have implications for developing therapeutic strategies aimed at promoting more effective tissue healing at oral surfaces.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of a new method to orient 3-di... more The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of a new method to orient 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomography models to the natural head position (NHP). This method uses a small and inexpensive digital orientation device to record NHP in 3 dimensions. This device consists of a digital orientation sensor attached to the patient via a facebow and an individualized bite jig. The study was designed to answer 2 questions: 1) whether the weight of the new device can negatively influence the NHP and 2) whether the new method is as accurate as the gold standard. Fifteen patients with craniomaxillofacial deformities were included in the study. Each patient's NHP is recorded 3 times. The first NHP was recorded with a laser scanning method without the presence of the digital orientation device. The second NHP was recorded with the digital orientation device. Simultaneously, the third NHP was also recorded with the laser scanning method. Each recorded NHP measurement was then transferred to the patient's 3D computed tomography facial model, resulting in 3 different orientations for each patient: the orientation generated via the laser scanning method without the presence of the digital orientation sensor and facebow (orientation 1), the orientation generated by use of the laser scanning method with the presence of the digital orientation sensor and facebow (orientation 2), and the orientation generated with the digital orientation device (orientation 3). Comparisons are then made between orientations 1 and 2 and between orientations 2 and 3, respectively. Statistical analyses are performed. The results show that in each pair, the difference (Δ) between the 2 measurements is not statistically significantly different from 0°. In addition, in the first pair, the Bland-Altman lower and upper limits of the Δ between the 2 measurements are within 1.5° in pitch and within a subdegree in roll and yaw. In the second pair, the limits of the Δ in all 3 dimensions are within 0.5°. Our technique can accurately record NHP in 3 dimensions and precisely transfer it to a 3D model. In addition, the extra weight of the digital orientation sensor and facebow has minimal influence on the self-balanced NHP establishment.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2012

The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of digital models generated by conebea... more The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of digital models generated by conebeam computed tomography and compare it with that of OrthoCAD models (Cadent, Carlstadt, NJ) for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning by using surface area analysis. Materials: Two sets of maxillary and mandibular digital models of 30 subjects were obtained. The models were made from impressions scanned with OrthoCAD and by conversion of related cone-beam computed tomography files. Each patient's matched pairs of maxillary and mandibular models were superimposed by using a software program and a best-fit algorithm; surface-to-surface analysis was then performed. The average linear differences between the 2 files at all points on the surfaces were measured, and tolerance levels of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 mm were set to determine the surface correlation amounts between the 2 files. Additionally, 6 linear measurements from predetermined landmarks were also measured and analyzed. Results: The average maxillary model linear difference was 0.28 to 0.60 mm, whereas the average mandibular model linear difference ranged between 0.34 and 0.61 mm. Greater than a 90% surface correlation was obtained on average at 1.00 mm in the maxillary models and at 1.25 mm in the mandibular models. The mean differences obtained from the linear measurements of the maxillary and mandibular models were 0.071 and 0.018 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Surface-to-surface analysis of OrthoCAD and digital models generated by cone-beam computed tomography pointed to a fair overlap between the protocols. The accuracy of digital models generated by cone-beam computed tomography is adequate for initial diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:686-93) A comprehensive and accurate treatment plan can be possible only by a thorough evaluation of dental models, intraoral and extraoral photographs, and panoramic and cephalometric images. 1 Recent advances in digital technology have vastly improved the diagnostic phase of orthodontic treatment, and analog records have quickly been replaced by digital formats. 2,3 The digital alternative offers a great advantage when contemplating the storage space required for traditional plaster models. Digital models can be stored virtually instead of physically, thus reducing the need for storage space along with reducing the costs involved. 4-8 Advances in technology and software have allowed digital models to be generated from cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans. Acquired digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) files captured by the orthodontist can be uploaded to a company's Web site, and a digital model can be obtained from the file. Once the model is generated by the proprietary software, the orthodontist can download, view, manipulate, and evaluate the models using software provided by the company. This technology allows for all anatomic structures from the CBCT image captured during the scan to be viewed. For example,

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Nov 5, 2004

The oral mucosa is susceptible to tissue injury from many causes, including infection, autoimmune... more The oral mucosa is susceptible to tissue injury from many causes, including infection, autoimmune disorders, surgical and accidental trauma, and gingival and periodontal inflammation; however, little is known about the events that influence wound healing in the mouth. Recent studies in non-oral tissues have implicated immune system-derived factors, in particular chemokines, in the wound healing process. Tissues from mice with experimental gingival wounds were studied for expression of genes for four chemokine ligands or receptors (CCL19, CCL20, CCL25, and CCR5) that are important in leukocyte trafficking or inflammation. Notably, during the peak phase of wound healing, chemokine gene expression was up-regulated for CCL19, CCL20, and CCL25, and down-regulation of CCR5, suggesting an orchestrated process of chemokine-mediated recruitment or retention of lymphocytes and macrophages into wound areas, while simultaneously suppressing a potentially adverse inflammatory response. These findings have implications for developing therapeutic strategies aimed at promoting more effective tissue healing at oral surfaces.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2004

The oral mucosa is susceptible to tissue injury from many causes, including infection, autoimmune... more The oral mucosa is susceptible to tissue injury from many causes, including infection, autoimmune disorders, surgical and accidental trauma, and gingival and periodontal inflammation; however, little is known about the events that influence wound healing in the mouth. Recent studies in non-oral tissues have implicated immune system-derived factors, in particular chemokines, in the wound healing process. Tissues from mice with experimental gingival wounds were studied for expression of genes for four chemokine ligands or receptors (CCL19, CCL20, CCL25, and CCR5) that are important in leukocyte trafficking or inflammation. Notably, during the peak phase of wound healing, chemokine gene expression was up-regulated for CCL19, CCL20, and CCL25, and down-regulation of CCR5, suggesting an orchestrated process of chemokine-mediated recruitment or retention of lymphocytes and macrophages into wound areas, while simultaneously suppressing a potentially adverse inflammatory response. These findings have implications for developing therapeutic strategies aimed at promoting more effective tissue healing at oral surfaces.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2012

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of digital models genera... more Introduction: The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of digital models generated by conebeam computed tomography and compare it with that of OrthoCAD models (Cadent, Carlstadt, NJ) for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning by using surface area analysis. Materials: Two sets of maxillary and mandibular digital models of 30 subjects were obtained. The models were made from impressions scanned with OrthoCAD and by conversion of related cone-beam computed tomography files. Each patient's matched pairs of maxillary and mandibular models were superimposed by using a software program and a best-fit algorithm; surface-to-surface analysis was then performed. The average linear differences between the 2 files at all points on the surfaces were measured, and tolerance levels of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 mm were set to determine the surface correlation amounts between the 2 files. Additionally, 6 linear measurements from predetermined landmarks were also measured and analyzed. Results: The average maxillary model linear difference was 0.28 to 0.60 mm, whereas the average mandibular model linear difference ranged between 0.34 and 0.61 mm. Greater than a 90% surface correlation was obtained on average at 1.00 mm in the maxillary models and at 1.25 mm in the mandibular models. The mean differences obtained from the linear measurements of the maxillary and mandibular models were 0.071 and 0.018 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Surface-to-surface analysis of OrthoCAD and digital models generated by cone-beam computed tomography pointed to a fair overlap between the protocols. The accuracy of digital models generated by cone-beam computed tomography is adequate for initial diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:686-93)

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, Jan 3, 2011

Purpose-The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of a new method to ori... more Purpose-The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of a new method to orient three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) models to the natural head position (NHP). This method utilizes a small and inexpensive digital orientation device to record NHP in 3D. This device consists of a digital orientation sensor attached to the patient via a facebow and an individualized bite jig. The study was designed to answer two questions: 1) whether the weight of the new device can negatively influence the NHP; and 2) wether the new method is as accurate as the gold standard.