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The process tailings of base metal industries contain considerable amounts of acid generating 'py... more The process tailings of base metal industries contain considerable amounts of acid generating 'pyrite and sulfides of other minerals. The recovery of sulfide minerals from the tailings not only will have environmental advantage but will also result in conservation of mineral wealth. For any such recovery activity, it is essential to characterize the tailings for physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics. In the present study, typical lead-zinc tailings sample from the operating plant at Rampura-Agucha mines of Hindustan Zinc Limited was collected and characterized for size distribution, size by size chemical composition and mineral phase analysis through X-ray diffraction method. The size-by-size metal contents indicated increasing levels of silver and pyrite with decreasing particle size and the lead and zinc bearing minerals are segregated at relatively coarser size fractions. Microscopic studies of the coarser fractions have indicated that the lead and zinc minerals are in unliberated form. The XRD study has indicated that quartz is the major mineral phase followed by pyrite, sphalerite, galena and silver. The overall tailings sample was found to contain 19.41% of pyrite, 2.02 % of zinc, 0.69 % lead, and 26.94 ppm of silver contents.
The annual generation of coal combustion residue in the country is 110 MT. The generation of coal... more The annual generation of coal combustion residue in the country is 110 MT. The generation of coal combustion residue is expected to increase with ever increasing demand for power. Management of this solid waste has been a great concern to the nation. Most of the reports on utilization of coal combustion residue are limited to direct usage of the material or selective collection from ESP fields in the thermal power plants. In this connection several efforts are being made in the country to enhance its application as a replacement to cement, soil modifier, roads and embankments etc. Very little or no research attempts are made in understanding the appropriate components which results in beneficial properties and value added products. Fly ash in very fine size range exhibits spherical morphological characteristics and thus acts as good fillers in rubber and polymer compounds. However, recovery of this size material from the bulk is yet a challenge in the process industry as the material forms clusters at very fine sizes. The present study is an attempt to beneficiate fly ash to obtain material with an average particle size around 5 microns. A cyclone separator, which employs very high g* forces for separation of particles is employed for achieving the separation. At this high g* forces, the declustering of particles is observed. This technique has generated product with an average particle size (ds& between 4 to 8 microns. The results obtained at different test runs are discussed.
In mineral processing plants valuable minerals are recovered by rejecting gangue materials throug... more In mineral processing plants valuable minerals are recovered by rejecting gangue materials through various physical processing techniques to produce high-grade concentrate. However, after processing these ores, the tailings generated contain considerable amount of valuables because of inefficient of process plant or due to fluctuations in the mineralogical composition of the ore. Therefore, recovery of these valuable minerals is prerequisite from environmental and mineral conservation point of views. In the present test, an attempt is made to conduct experiments on Multi-gravity separator to recover iron and silver metal values from tailings generated in base metal industry. The test results indicate that it is possible to recover 52.19% iron and 57.67% silver with 22.08% iron grade and 40.0 ppm silver grade form the tailings feed containing 9.07% iron and 26.02 ppm silver respectively. Among the MGS variables, it is found that drum rotation has significant effect on the recovery of iron and silver values.
The process tailings of base metal industries contain considerable amounts of acid generating 'py... more The process tailings of base metal industries contain considerable amounts of acid generating 'pyrite and sulfides of other minerals. The recovery of sulfide minerals from the tailings not only will have environmental advantage but will also result in conservation of mineral wealth. For any such recovery activity, it is essential to characterize the tailings for physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics. In the present study, typical lead-zinc tailings sample from the operating plant at Rampura-Agucha mines of Hindustan Zinc Limited was collected and characterized for size distribution, size by size chemical composition and mineral phase analysis through X-ray diffraction method. The size-by-size metal contents indicated increasing levels of silver and pyrite with decreasing particle size and the lead and zinc bearing minerals are segregated at relatively coarser size fractions. Microscopic studies of the coarser fractions have indicated that the lead and zinc minerals are in unliberated form. The XRD study has indicated that quartz is the major mineral phase followed by pyrite, sphalerite, galena and silver. The overall tailings sample was found to contain 19.41% of pyrite, 2.02 % of zinc, 0.69 % lead, and 26.94 ppm of silver contents.
The annual generation of coal combustion residue in the country is 110 MT. The generation of coal... more The annual generation of coal combustion residue in the country is 110 MT. The generation of coal combustion residue is expected to increase with ever increasing demand for power. Management of this solid waste has been a great concern to the nation. Most of the reports on utilization of coal combustion residue are limited to direct usage of the material or selective collection from ESP fields in the thermal power plants. In this connection several efforts are being made in the country to enhance its application as a replacement to cement, soil modifier, roads and embankments etc. Very little or no research attempts are made in understanding the appropriate components which results in beneficial properties and value added products. Fly ash in very fine size range exhibits spherical morphological characteristics and thus acts as good fillers in rubber and polymer compounds. However, recovery of this size material from the bulk is yet a challenge in the process industry as the material forms clusters at very fine sizes. The present study is an attempt to beneficiate fly ash to obtain material with an average particle size around 5 microns. A cyclone separator, which employs very high g* forces for separation of particles is employed for achieving the separation. At this high g* forces, the declustering of particles is observed. This technique has generated product with an average particle size (ds& between 4 to 8 microns. The results obtained at different test runs are discussed.
In mineral processing plants valuable minerals are recovered by rejecting gangue materials throug... more In mineral processing plants valuable minerals are recovered by rejecting gangue materials through various physical processing techniques to produce high-grade concentrate. However, after processing these ores, the tailings generated contain considerable amount of valuables because of inefficient of process plant or due to fluctuations in the mineralogical composition of the ore. Therefore, recovery of these valuable minerals is prerequisite from environmental and mineral conservation point of views. In the present test, an attempt is made to conduct experiments on Multi-gravity separator to recover iron and silver metal values from tailings generated in base metal industry. The test results indicate that it is possible to recover 52.19% iron and 57.67% silver with 22.08% iron grade and 40.0 ppm silver grade form the tailings feed containing 9.07% iron and 26.02 ppm silver respectively. Among the MGS variables, it is found that drum rotation has significant effect on the recovery of iron and silver values.