K. Yaghmaeian - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by K. Yaghmaeian

Ecological Indicators, 2016

Abstract Drinking water contribution to intakes of dietary elements in urban communities of Iran ... more Abstract Drinking water contribution to intakes of dietary elements in urban communities of Iran in 2014 was determined and an innovative drinking water nutritional quality index (DWNQI) was introduced to assess the overall situation. The investigated nutrients were calcium (Ca), chloride (Cl), copper (Cu), fluoride (F), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), potassium (K), sodium (Na) and zinc (Zn). The DWNQI was developed in five steps as follows: (1) selecting input minerals, (2) assigning weight factor for input minerals, (3) converting the mineral levels to the sub-index values (from 0 to 100), (4) introducing an aggregation function to calculate the DWNQI and (5) Describing the DWNQI scores (from 0 to 100) in five categories as poor (0–44.9), marginal (45.0–59.9), fair (60.0–69.9), good (70.0–79.9) and excellent (80.0–100). The percentages of drinking water in the recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) of Ca, Cl, F, Mg and Na at the nationwide level were 9.9, 7.1, 20.5, 18.5 and 8.8%, respectively which were significantly higher than those of the other minerals. At the provincial level, the highest and lowest average scores of the DWNQI (±standard deviation) were observed in North Khorasan and Kermanshah to be 83.7 ± 1.6 and 59.6 ± 5.2 described as excellent and marginal, respectively. The national average score of the DWNQI was 71.5 ± 8.2 (good description). This study indicated that the DWNQI could reliably characterize the drinking water contribution to the mineral intakes without strong sensitivity to any individual element. Based on the observed role of drinking water in intakes of dietary elements, it is recommended that the DWNQI be used in judgment about drinking source water quality.

Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 2018

Background and purpose: Identification of risk in hospital waste management have a major role in ... more Background and purpose: Identification of risk in hospital waste management have a major role in reducing the cost of surplus and preventing the spread of diseases. In this quantitative analysis, we aimed at determining waste components, evaluating hospital waste management, and prioritizing the risks in Sari Fatemeh Zahra Hospital. Materials and methods: We performed a descriptive-cross-sectional study in 2015. Tchobanoglous method was used for quantitative-physical analysis of the waste. The individualized rapid assessment tool was applied to evaluate waste management. Preliminary Hazard Analysis and failure mode and effect analysis models were used to identify and prioritize the risks. Results: Total waste production, general waste, infectious wastes, and sharp objects were 1011.54, 600.45, 384.94, and 26.15 kg/day, respectively. Plastics, organic materials, and textiles constituted the highest amount of waste products. According to the individualized rapid assessment tool, the s...

Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 2017

This study was investigated the efficiency of activated persulfate and ‎in-vessel composting for ... more This study was investigated the efficiency of activated persulfate and ‎in-vessel composting for removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons. ‎Remediation by activated persulfate with ferrous sulfate as pre-treatment was done at batch system. In the chemical oxidation, various variables including persulfate concentrations (10-3000 mg/g as waste), pH (3-7), ferrous sulfate (0.5-4 mg/g as waste)and temperature (20-60°C) were studied. In the biological system, premature compost was added as an amendment. The filter cake to compost ratio were 1:0 (as control) and 1:5 to 15 (as dry basis). C: N: P ratio and moisture content were 100:5:1 and 45-60%, respectively. The results showed that acidic pH (pH=3) had high efficiency for the removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons by activated persulfate. Temperature had the significant effect during the persulfate oxidation. When ferrous sulfate was used as an activator for degradation at acidic condition and 60°C, removal efficiency increased to 47.32...

Bioremediation Journal, 2011

Bioremediation, or the use of microorganisms to decontaminate soil or groundwater, is being incre... more Bioremediation, or the use of microorganisms to decontaminate soil or groundwater, is being increasingly seen as an effective, environment-friendly treatment for oil-contaminated sites. In this study, the results are presented concerning a laboratory screening of several natural bacterial consortia and laboratory tests to establish the performance in degradation of hydrocarbons contained in oily sludge from the Jordan Oil Refinery Plant. As a result of the laboratory screening, 18 isolates were selected and grouped into two main clusters; cluster 1 containing 12 isolates grown at 43 °C, and cluster 2 containing six isolates grown at 37 °C. Three natural bacterial consortia with ability to degrade total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) were prepared from these isolates. Experiments were conducted in Erlenmeyer flasks under aerobic conditions, with TPH removal percentage varying from 5.9% to 25.1%, depending upon consortia type and concentration. Consortia 7B and 13B exhibited the highest TPH removal percentages of 25% and 23%, respectively before nutrient addition. TPH removal rate was enhanced after addition of nutrients to incubated flasks. The highest TPH reduction (37%) was estimated after addition of a combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur to consortia 7B. This is the first report concerning biological treatment of total petroleum hydrocarbon by bacteria isolated from the oil refinery plant, where it lay the ground for full integrated studies recommended for hydrocarbon degradation that assist in solving sludge problems.

Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 2015

Incineration of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is an important alternative way for disposal... more Incineration of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is an important alternative way for disposal of this type of hazardous waste. PCBs are very stable compounds and do not decompose readily. Individuals can be exposed to PCBs through several ways and damaged by their effects. A well design of a waste incinerator will convert these components to unharmfull materials. In this paper we have studied the design parameters of an incinerator with numerical approaches. The CFD software Fluent 6.3 is used for modelling of an incinerator. The effects of several baffles inside the incinerator on flow distribution and heat is investigated. The results show that baffles can reduce eddy flows, increase retaining times, and efficiencies. The baffles reduced cool areas and increased efficiencies of heat as maximum temperature in two and three baffle embedded incinerator were 100 and 200°C higher than the non-baffle case, respectively. Also the gas emission leaves the incinerator with a lower speed across a longer path and the turbulent flow in the incinerator is stronger.

Journal of Ecological Engineering, 2014

Water quality index (WQI) is valuable and unique rating to depict the overall water quality statu... more Water quality index (WQI) is valuable and unique rating to depict the overall water quality status in a single term that is helpful for the selection of appropriate treatment technique to meet the concerned issues. The aim of the study was to evaluating water quality from Mojen River by Water Quality Index based on National Science Foundation (NSFWQI). For this purpose, samples were collected from stations at up, middle and downstream of Mojen River in Semnan province (the biggest river in region) in a 2 years interval of 2013-2014 years. Nine parameters namely Turbidity, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Dissolved Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, nitrate, pH, temperature, total solids and total phosphate were considered to compute the index. Our findings highlighted the deterioration of water quality in the river due to industrialization and human activities. According to NSFWQI, the best condition was recorded in the Darkhaniab (Upstream) and the worst condition concerned the Pole (Midstream).

Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 2014

Background Use of earthworm to eliminate the phenanthrene from the soil (bioaccumulation) is deve... more Background Use of earthworm to eliminate the phenanthrene from the soil (bioaccumulation) is developed as an economical method. Bioaugmentation of microorganism was used for promotion of bioaccumulation by earthworm. The aim of this study was to determine the bioaccumulation or biodegradation of phenanthrene by Eisenia fetida and bacterial consortium in polluted soil. Methods The amount of 0.4 kg of the polluted soil in the ratio of 10 and 30 mg phenanthrene per kg of dry soil was transferred into each pot. Afterwards, bacteria and earthworms were added to each pot in separate and combination. The samples were kept under field conditions, and the retention concentrations of phenanthrene were analyzed after 8 weeks. Results Results showed that the Eisenia fetida was able to significantly remove phenanthrene from the polluted soil samples. Bioaccumulation and bioaugmentation alone have the removal efficiency of 60.24% and 50.3%, respectively. In the combined mode, phenanthrene removal...

Water Science and Technology, 2020

This study represents the first application of Fe–citrate-based photo-Fenton chemistry for the de... more This study represents the first application of Fe–citrate-based photo-Fenton chemistry for the degradation of chlorpyrifos (CPF) spiked into agricultural runoff, and its phytotoxicity assessment. The effects of the initial CPF concentration, time and ratio of Fe–citrate/H2O2 on CPF removal during the photo-Fenton reaction were investigated and modeled with analysis of variance using R software by the response-surface methodology package. According to the stationary point in original units, the optimal condition for 70.00% CPF removal was as follows: CPF = 2.5 mg L−1 (0.0), time = 48.0 min (0.585) and Fe–citrate/H2O2 = 0.075 (0.539). Beside running the system at near-neutral pH, another strength of this study is related to the treatment of agricultural runoff contaminated with CPF with a raceway pond reactor, which has the advantages of simplicity of the facilities and procedures, as well as the possibility of using sunlight more efficiently in the field of applications. Finally, unt...

Iran. J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng, 2005

Abstract: Contamination of the aqueous environment by heavy metals is a worldwide environmental p... more Abstract: Contamination of the aqueous environment by heavy metals is a worldwide environmental problem. Biosorption of lead (II) and cadmium (II) from aqueous solutions by brown algae Sargassum spp. biomass was studied in a batch system. The heavy metals uptake was found to be rapid and reached to 88-96% of equilibrium capacity of biosorption in 15min. The pseudo second-order and saturation rate equations were found in the best fitness with the kinetic data (R2> 0.99). The data obtained from experiments of single- ...

Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, 2016

Background Intake of high concentration of fluoride causes health problems in human. Therefore, f... more Background Intake of high concentration of fluoride causes health problems in human. Therefore, finding a way for removing excessive fluoride from water is among the most important tasks in water supply projects. How to remove excess fluoride from water is the objective of this project, and as a case study, it was carried out with the aim of investigating the efficiency of bauxite ore in Tash mine in removing fluoride. Materials & Methods The study was performed in a laboratory scale on a synthetic sample collected from the water of Kuhbonan region in the Environmental Health Research Center of Kerman. The adsorbent was prepared from bauxite of Tash mine in Semnan Province. Bauxite analysis was carried out by X-ray fluorescence and diffraction spectrometry methods. The effects of such parameters such as pH, contact time, the adsorbent amount, and different fluoride concentrations on the removal process were investigated. The experiments were performed on real water sample under optimal conditions. To better understand the adsorption process, kinetics and isotherm of the adsorption were investigated, too. The level of fluoride was determined by SPADNS method. For data analysis, Excel software was used. Results The maximum obtained fluoride removal efficiency was 68.20% in a synthetic sample, at pH=7, contact time of 120 minutes, by using 25 g/L bauxite. This level was obtained 45.84% in the real sample under optimal conditions. Adsorption of fluoride followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation with a correlation coefficient of 0.991 and second-order model with a correlation coefficient of 0.985. Conclusion Without preliminary preparation, the bauxite of Tash mine can be used as an inexpensive and effective absorbent for removing fluoride from groundwater with low concentrations of fluoride.

Journal of environmental health science & engineering, Jan 9, 2014

The performance of a hybrid bubble column/biofilter (HBCB) bioreactor for the removal of dichloro... more The performance of a hybrid bubble column/biofilter (HBCB) bioreactor for the removal of dichloromethane (DCM) from waste gas streams was studied in continuous mode for several months. The HBCB bioreactor consisted of two compartments: bubble column bioreactor removing DCM from liquid phase and biofilter removing DCM from gas phase. Effect of inlet DCM concentration on the elimination capacity was examined in the DCM concentration range of 34-359 ppm with loading rates ranged from 2.2 to 22.8 g/m3.h and constant total empty bed retention time (EBRT) of 200 s. In the equal loading rates, the elimination capacity and removal efficiency of the biofilter were higher than the corresponding values of the bubble column bioreactor. The maximum elimination capacity of the HBCB bioreactor was determined to be 15.7 g/m3.h occurred in the highest loading rate of 22.8 g/m3.h with removal efficiency of 69%. The overall mineralization portion of the HBCB bioreactor was in the range of 72-79%. The ...

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2006

Bioresource Technology, 2013

The main objective of this study was to investigate the performance of a cyclic rotating-bed biol... more The main objective of this study was to investigate the performance of a cyclic rotating-bed biological reactor (CRBR) in comparison to a sequencing continuous-inflow reactor (SCR) for the biodegradation and mineralization of catechol. Results showed that catechol degradation and mineralization in the SCR at the organic loading of 7.82kgCOD/m(3)d and the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 9h were 28.2% and 10.3%, respectively. Under similar operating conditions to SCR, steady-state performance of CRBR with polyurethane foam (PUF) media for degradation and mineralization of catechol achieved was 98.7% and 97.9%, respectively. In comparison, the CRBR with 2H media attained average steady-state catechol degradation and mineralization of 89.1% and 83.6%, respectively, under similar conditions. Accordingly, the CRBR with PUF media presents a promising process for efficiently treating wastewater containing high concentrations of toxic, inhibitory and resistant compounds at a relatively short HRT.

Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering, 2005

Abstract: Basic principles of Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) are: Reduction, Reuse, Rec... more Abstract: Basic principles of Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) are: Reduction, Reuse, Recycling and Recovery (4Rs). Composting as an element of ISWM strategy that can be applied to separately collected or mixed wastes, is a controlled aerobic process carried out by successive microbial populations combining both mesophilic and thermophilic activities and leading to the production of carbon dioxide, water, minerals and stabilized organic matter. In this research, comparing between windrow and pit co-composting ...

Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 2013

ABSTRACT Risks associated with healthcare waste management have gained attention across the world... more ABSTRACT Risks associated with healthcare waste management have gained attention across the world at local and international events. Poor management of healthcare waste may expose health workers and public to hazardous wastes from healthcare establishments. It is therefore important to review the adopted practices. In this study, 39 hospitals in Tehran were surveyed by collecting data through an expert-standardized questionnaire. The healthcare waste management index (HWMI) is introduced as a mathematical instrument to convert and aggregate scores of different waste management stages into a single number representing the quality of waste management. Currently, the status of the healthcare waste management is excellent for 3, good for 13, medium for 18, and poor for 5 of the surveyed hospitals.

Journal of environmental health science & engineering, 2014

The aim of the study was to design and implementation of integrated solid wastes management patte... more The aim of the study was to design and implementation of integrated solid wastes management pattern in Shahroud industrial zone, evaluates the results and determine possible performance problems. This cross - sectional study was carried out for 4 years in Shahroud industrial zone and the implementation process included:1- Qualitative and quantitative analysis of all solid waste generated in the city, 2- determine the current state of solid waste management in the zone and to identify programs conducted, 3- Design and implementation of integrated solid wastes management pattern including design and implementation of training programs, laws, penalties and incentives and explain and implement programs for all factories and 4- The monitoring of the implementation process and determine the results. Annually, 1,728 tons of solid wastes generated in the town including 1603 tons of industrial wastes and 125 tons of municipal wastes. By implementing this pattern, the two separated systems of...

Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 2013

Catechol is used in many industries. It can be removed from wastewater by various methods but bio... more Catechol is used in many industries. It can be removed from wastewater by various methods but biological processes are the most superior and commonly used technology. The SCR is a modified form of SBR used to degrade catechol. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of SCR for biodegradation and mineralization of catechol under various inlet concentrations (630-1500 mg/L) and hydraulic retention times (HRT) (18-9 h). This study used a bench scale SCR setup to test catechol degradation. The acclimation time of biomass for catechol at degradation at 630 mg/L was 41 d. The SCR operating cycle time was 6 h and the consecutive times taken for aerating, settling and decanting were 4, 1.5 and 0.5 h, respectively. This study investigated the effects of inlet catechol concentration (630-1560 mg/L) and HRT (18-9 h). The average catechol removal efficiencies in steady-state conditions of 630, 930, 12954 and 1559 mg/L of catechol were 98.5%, 98.5%, 98.2% and 96.9% in terms catechol and 97.8%, 97.7%, 96.4% and 94.3% for COD, respectively. SCR with acclimated biomasses could effectively remove the catechol and the corresponding COD from wastewater with concentrations of up to 1560, at the loading rate of 5.38 kg COD/m 3 .d and at a HRT of up to 13 h. The HRT was determined as an important variable affecting catechol removal from wastewater. Reducing the HRT to below 13 h led to reduced removal of catechol and COD.