Kamal Gautam - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Kamal Gautam
Scientific Research Journal, Aug 25, 2018
This article belongs to professional development of health education in Nepalese context. It comp... more This article belongs to professional development of health education in Nepalese context. It comprises its concept on different aspects of professional development as quality assurance, research, advocacy, promoting the profession, and dynamic/contemporary practice in health education. It is based on review of the work done at national level for professional development in health education.
Scientific Research Journal, Jun 25, 2018
The paper aims to analyze the experiences of sexual minorities while struggling for their identit... more The paper aims to analyze the experiences of sexual minorities while struggling for their identity in the public. The sexual minorities comprise of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender individuals, but Transgender individuals are the most marginalized, misunderstood and the least studied group (Booth, 2014). The current narrative case study explores the life journey of two transgender women and uncovers three themes: different identity feelings; disclosure of gender identity; and discovering the gender community. The struggles made by these women to reclaim their identity support the ideas underpinned by Queer theory. The multiple gender roles played by them as a father at home and as a transgender woman in the outer world have become an unsolved problem for them. They are hiding their transgender identity and are always in the fear of isolation and rejections from their near ones. This type of conflicting situations between minority values and dominant values bring a tragic condition of both the minority people like transgender individuals and their family at least. So, the deconstruction of the sex/gender split, and the destabilization of overall discursive legitimacy of modern sexual classifications and power relations will be a sort of magical resolution of the gender issues which will help to build a new vision of community.
Scientific Research Journal, Jul 25, 2018
This research article entitled 'Last earthquake in Nepal and its effects on school children' was ... more This research article entitled 'Last earthquake in Nepal and its effects on school children' was carried out after three months period (July to August, 2015) of massive earthquake. The study involved four different community and private schools of Kathmandu valley and 124 respondents consisting students and headmasters. The study tried to find out the effects of earthquake in the families, schools and identify health/ emotional problem in students due to earthquake along with management aspect of relevant schools to mitigate problems occurred due to earthquake. Purposive sampling was used for selecting both schools and respondents.
Background Many studies indicate that various health programmes have been failed because of the l... more Background Many studies indicate that various health programmes have been failed because of the lack of appropriate information, education, and communication [IEC] for the target audiences. It is still unanswered which methods/means of communication could be the most powerful for changing behaviour or decision-making capacity. The paper aims to assess the effects of IEC on family enrolment in health insurance programme [HIP] in Nepal. Methods We employed a household-based observational study with a control group. Altogether 810 household interviews were conducted in Baglung and Kailali districts of Nepal in 2018. The study used a validated structured interview schedule. Background characteristics of the family and respondents and their exposure to the means of communication were the independent variables while enrolment in health insurance [HI] was the dependent variable. Results Data showed that 72% of the respondents heard about the HI and 66% knew the contribution amount for enro...
Background Many studies indicate that various health programmes have been failed because of the l... more Background Many studies indicate that various health programmes have been failed because of the lack of appropriate information, education, and communication [IEC] for the target audiences. It is still unanswered which methods/means of communication could be the most powerful for changing behaviour or decision-making capacity. The paper aims to assess the effects of IEC on family enrolment in health insurance programme [HIP] in Nepal. Methods We employed a household-based observational study with a control group. Altogether 810 household interviews were conducted in Baglung and Kailali districts of Nepal in 2018. The study used a validated structured interview schedule. Background characteristics of the family and respondents and their exposure to the means of communication were the independent variables while enrolment in health insurance [HI] was the dependent variable. Results Data showed that 72% of the respondents heard about the HI and 66% knew the contribution amount for enro...
South Asian Survey
Youth are important change agents for social, political and economic issues. However, research ev... more Youth are important change agents for social, political and economic issues. However, research evidence suggests that many youth, especially females, face many challenges in Nepal in reaching their social potential due to serious problems with educational access and attainment. This study examines the influence of educational attainment on achieving the social potential of Nepalese female youth through a secondary analysis of data from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Results from this analysis show that one out of 10 female youth are illiterate and do not receive a formal education. Socio-demographic variables, such as marital status, caste, place of residence and wealth status were found to be major predictors for literacy status and educational attainment of female youth in Nepal. The findings from this study suggest that special attention should be paid to these critical variables for guiding educational and interventional planning by concerned authorities including...
Journal of Health Promotion
This study is about child marriage in Nepal from stakeholder’s perspective. It includes school go... more This study is about child marriage in Nepal from stakeholder’s perspective. It includes school going girls, women, teachers, health post staffs and local politicians as stakeholders and intends to find the situation, effects and perfectives of stakeholders on child marriage in Nepalese context. It comprises both qualitative and quantitative aspects followed by interview schedule and FGDs as tools. Fathers, relatives and friends were responsible for the incidence of early marriage in study site. Regarding effects, problems to become self dependent and deprivation of opportunity are the major effects that respondents had to face in their life. Workload in the families seems another effect to be faced followed by health problems to be experienced. Bleeding during pregnancy, low count of RBC, weakness, postpartum complications were seen in mothers during and after child births. Teenage mothers being more likely to experience complications during pregnancy and less likely to be emotional...
Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency causes acute haemolytic anaemia t... more Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency causes acute haemolytic anaemia triggered by oxidative drugs such as primaquine (PQ), used for Plasmodium vivax malaria radical cure. However, in many endemic areas of vivax malaria, patients are treated with PQ without any evaluation of their G6PD status. Methods: G6PD deficiency and its genetic heterogeneity were evaluated in northeastern and southeastern areas from Venezuela, Cajigal (Sucre state) and Sifontes (Bolívar state) municipalities, respectively. Blood samples from 664 randomly recruited unrelated individuals were screened for G6PD activity by a quantitative method. Mutation analysis for exons 4-8 of G6PD gen was performed on DNA isolated from G6PD-deficient (G6PDd) subjects through PCR-RFLP and direct DNA sequencing. Results: Quantitative biochemical characterization revealed that overall 24 (3.6 %) subjects were G6PDd (average G6PD enzyme activity 4.5 ± 1.2 U/g Hb, moderately deficient, class III), while DNA analysis showed one or two mutated alleles in 19 of them (79.2 %). The G6PD A-202A/376G variant was the only detected in 17 (70.8 %) individuals, 13 of them hemizygous males and four heterozygous females. Two males carried only the 376A → G mutation. No other mutation was found in the analysed exons. Conclusions: The G6PDd prevalence was as low as that one shown by nearby countries. This study contributes to the knowledge of the genetic background of Venezuelan population, especially of those living in malaria-endemic areas. Despite the high degree of genetic mixing described for Venezuelan population, a net predominance of the mild African G6PD A-202A/376G variant was observed among G6PDd subjects, suggesting a significant flow of G6PD genes from Africa to Americas, almost certainly introduced through African and/or Spanish immigrants during and after the colonization. The data suggest that 1:27 individuals of the studied population could be G6PDd and therefore at risk of haemolysis under precipitating factors. Information about PQ effect on G6PDd individuals carrying mild variant is limited, but since the regimen of 45 mg weekly dose for prevention of malaria relapse does not seem to be causing clinically significant haemolysis in people having the G6PD A-variant, a reasoned weighing of risk-benefit for its use in Venezuela should be done, when implementing public health strategies of control and elimination.
Scientific Research Journal, Aug 25, 2018
This article belongs to professional development of health education in Nepalese context. It comp... more This article belongs to professional development of health education in Nepalese context. It comprises its concept on different aspects of professional development as quality assurance, research, advocacy, promoting the profession, and dynamic/contemporary practice in health education. It is based on review of the work done at national level for professional development in health education.
Scientific Research Journal, Jun 25, 2018
The paper aims to analyze the experiences of sexual minorities while struggling for their identit... more The paper aims to analyze the experiences of sexual minorities while struggling for their identity in the public. The sexual minorities comprise of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender individuals, but Transgender individuals are the most marginalized, misunderstood and the least studied group (Booth, 2014). The current narrative case study explores the life journey of two transgender women and uncovers three themes: different identity feelings; disclosure of gender identity; and discovering the gender community. The struggles made by these women to reclaim their identity support the ideas underpinned by Queer theory. The multiple gender roles played by them as a father at home and as a transgender woman in the outer world have become an unsolved problem for them. They are hiding their transgender identity and are always in the fear of isolation and rejections from their near ones. This type of conflicting situations between minority values and dominant values bring a tragic condition of both the minority people like transgender individuals and their family at least. So, the deconstruction of the sex/gender split, and the destabilization of overall discursive legitimacy of modern sexual classifications and power relations will be a sort of magical resolution of the gender issues which will help to build a new vision of community.
Scientific Research Journal, Jul 25, 2018
This research article entitled 'Last earthquake in Nepal and its effects on school children' was ... more This research article entitled 'Last earthquake in Nepal and its effects on school children' was carried out after three months period (July to August, 2015) of massive earthquake. The study involved four different community and private schools of Kathmandu valley and 124 respondents consisting students and headmasters. The study tried to find out the effects of earthquake in the families, schools and identify health/ emotional problem in students due to earthquake along with management aspect of relevant schools to mitigate problems occurred due to earthquake. Purposive sampling was used for selecting both schools and respondents.
Background Many studies indicate that various health programmes have been failed because of the l... more Background Many studies indicate that various health programmes have been failed because of the lack of appropriate information, education, and communication [IEC] for the target audiences. It is still unanswered which methods/means of communication could be the most powerful for changing behaviour or decision-making capacity. The paper aims to assess the effects of IEC on family enrolment in health insurance programme [HIP] in Nepal. Methods We employed a household-based observational study with a control group. Altogether 810 household interviews were conducted in Baglung and Kailali districts of Nepal in 2018. The study used a validated structured interview schedule. Background characteristics of the family and respondents and their exposure to the means of communication were the independent variables while enrolment in health insurance [HI] was the dependent variable. Results Data showed that 72% of the respondents heard about the HI and 66% knew the contribution amount for enro...
Background Many studies indicate that various health programmes have been failed because of the l... more Background Many studies indicate that various health programmes have been failed because of the lack of appropriate information, education, and communication [IEC] for the target audiences. It is still unanswered which methods/means of communication could be the most powerful for changing behaviour or decision-making capacity. The paper aims to assess the effects of IEC on family enrolment in health insurance programme [HIP] in Nepal. Methods We employed a household-based observational study with a control group. Altogether 810 household interviews were conducted in Baglung and Kailali districts of Nepal in 2018. The study used a validated structured interview schedule. Background characteristics of the family and respondents and their exposure to the means of communication were the independent variables while enrolment in health insurance [HI] was the dependent variable. Results Data showed that 72% of the respondents heard about the HI and 66% knew the contribution amount for enro...
South Asian Survey
Youth are important change agents for social, political and economic issues. However, research ev... more Youth are important change agents for social, political and economic issues. However, research evidence suggests that many youth, especially females, face many challenges in Nepal in reaching their social potential due to serious problems with educational access and attainment. This study examines the influence of educational attainment on achieving the social potential of Nepalese female youth through a secondary analysis of data from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Results from this analysis show that one out of 10 female youth are illiterate and do not receive a formal education. Socio-demographic variables, such as marital status, caste, place of residence and wealth status were found to be major predictors for literacy status and educational attainment of female youth in Nepal. The findings from this study suggest that special attention should be paid to these critical variables for guiding educational and interventional planning by concerned authorities including...
Journal of Health Promotion
This study is about child marriage in Nepal from stakeholder’s perspective. It includes school go... more This study is about child marriage in Nepal from stakeholder’s perspective. It includes school going girls, women, teachers, health post staffs and local politicians as stakeholders and intends to find the situation, effects and perfectives of stakeholders on child marriage in Nepalese context. It comprises both qualitative and quantitative aspects followed by interview schedule and FGDs as tools. Fathers, relatives and friends were responsible for the incidence of early marriage in study site. Regarding effects, problems to become self dependent and deprivation of opportunity are the major effects that respondents had to face in their life. Workload in the families seems another effect to be faced followed by health problems to be experienced. Bleeding during pregnancy, low count of RBC, weakness, postpartum complications were seen in mothers during and after child births. Teenage mothers being more likely to experience complications during pregnancy and less likely to be emotional...
Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency causes acute haemolytic anaemia t... more Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency causes acute haemolytic anaemia triggered by oxidative drugs such as primaquine (PQ), used for Plasmodium vivax malaria radical cure. However, in many endemic areas of vivax malaria, patients are treated with PQ without any evaluation of their G6PD status. Methods: G6PD deficiency and its genetic heterogeneity were evaluated in northeastern and southeastern areas from Venezuela, Cajigal (Sucre state) and Sifontes (Bolívar state) municipalities, respectively. Blood samples from 664 randomly recruited unrelated individuals were screened for G6PD activity by a quantitative method. Mutation analysis for exons 4-8 of G6PD gen was performed on DNA isolated from G6PD-deficient (G6PDd) subjects through PCR-RFLP and direct DNA sequencing. Results: Quantitative biochemical characterization revealed that overall 24 (3.6 %) subjects were G6PDd (average G6PD enzyme activity 4.5 ± 1.2 U/g Hb, moderately deficient, class III), while DNA analysis showed one or two mutated alleles in 19 of them (79.2 %). The G6PD A-202A/376G variant was the only detected in 17 (70.8 %) individuals, 13 of them hemizygous males and four heterozygous females. Two males carried only the 376A → G mutation. No other mutation was found in the analysed exons. Conclusions: The G6PDd prevalence was as low as that one shown by nearby countries. This study contributes to the knowledge of the genetic background of Venezuelan population, especially of those living in malaria-endemic areas. Despite the high degree of genetic mixing described for Venezuelan population, a net predominance of the mild African G6PD A-202A/376G variant was observed among G6PDd subjects, suggesting a significant flow of G6PD genes from Africa to Americas, almost certainly introduced through African and/or Spanish immigrants during and after the colonization. The data suggest that 1:27 individuals of the studied population could be G6PDd and therefore at risk of haemolysis under precipitating factors. Information about PQ effect on G6PDd individuals carrying mild variant is limited, but since the regimen of 45 mg weekly dose for prevention of malaria relapse does not seem to be causing clinically significant haemolysis in people having the G6PD A-variant, a reasoned weighing of risk-benefit for its use in Venezuela should be done, when implementing public health strategies of control and elimination.