Karel Charvat - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Karel Charvat

Environmental Software Systems. Computer Science for Environmental Protection

A Farm Management Information System (FMIS) is a sophisticated tool managing geospatial data and ... more A Farm Management Information System (FMIS) is a sophisticated tool managing geospatial data and functionalities as it provides answers to two basic questions: what has happened and where. The presented FOODIE (Farm-Oriented Open Data in Europe) and DataBio (Data-Driven Bioeconomy) approach may be recognized as an OpenFMIS, where environmental and reference geospatial data for precision agriculture are provided free of charge. On the other hand, added-value services like yield potential, sensor monitoring, and/or machinery fleet monitoring are provided on a paid basis through standardised Web services due to the costs of hardware and non-trivial computations. Results, i.e. reference, environmental and farm-oriented geospatial data, may be obtained from the FOODIE platform. All such results of whatever kind are used in the European DataBio project in order to minimise the environmental burden while maximising the economic benefits.

Abstracts of the ICA, 2021

Nowadays in use of the term "information", very often we mean "spatial" or "geographic informatio... more Nowadays in use of the term "information", very often we mean "spatial" or "geographic information" due to recent global "revolution" in consumer's habits and manner of information consumptionto use images as the most visible evidence instead of (or in combination with) descriptive data. SmartOpenData SmartOpenData = The project «Open Linked Data for environment protection in Smart Regions» Funded by European Commission (7FP, ENV.2013.6.5-3) Duration: 24 months (2013-2015)

The effectiveness of each production, including agriculture, is determined by the ratio of the va... more The effectiveness of each production, including agriculture, is determined by the ratio of the value of the production outputs to the value of production inputs. The goal of project FarmTelemetry is to create a complex machinery effectivity sensing and analysis tools for management support, which will lead to increase of the improved efficiency of crop production by reducing the negative anthropogenic impacts on environment and by reducing the energy consumption and improving carbon balance, while maintaining the level of outputs. The FarmTelemetry analysis are focused on monitoring of activities and utilization of individual tractors. It is also possible to obtain overall overview for individual farmer's fields (blocks). Application currently supports following analysis. • Cultivated blocks - provides list of all farmer's blocks, where the selected tractor was working during the selected day. There is provided information for each of the blocks about spent time and about us...

Agriculture requires the collection, storage, sharing and analysis of large quantities of spatial... more Agriculture requires the collection, storage, sharing and analysis of large quantities of spatially referenced data. For this data to be effectively used, it must be transferred between different hardware, software and organisations. These data flows currently present a hurdle to uptake of precision agriculture as the multitude of data models, formats, interfaces and reference systems in use result in incompatibilities. Management of huge amounts of data is a challenge. Spatia-temporal data is increasingly collected by remote or in-situ sensors rather than by field campaigns. The wireless communications have several benefits, but also pose challenges to the data exchange reliability and power supply. Sensor calibration and deployment as well as maintenance of sensors need resources and technical skills and increase the costs of data acquisition. Both increasing the amount of data and awareness of data quality issues highlight importance that metadata are attached to sensor data. Sen...

The Smart Point of Interest (SPOI) represents an unique seamless spatial data set based on standa... more The Smart Point of Interest (SPOI) represents an unique seamless spatial data set based on standards recommended for Linked and open data, which are supported by scientist and researchers as well as by several government authorities and European Union. This data set developed in cooperation of partners of SDI4Apps project contains almost 24 millions points of interest focused mainly on tourism, natural features, transport or citizen services. The SPOI data covers almost all countries and territories over the world. It is created as a harmonized combination of global data resources (selected points from OpenStreetMap, Natural Earth and GeoNames.org) and several local data sets (for example data published by the Citadel on the Move project, data from Posumavi region in the Czech Republic or experimental ontologies developed in the University of West Bohemia including ski regions in Europe or historical sights in Rome). The added value of the SDI4Apps approach in comparison to other similar solutions consists in implementation of linked data approach (several objects are connected to DBpedia or GeoNames.org), using of universal RDF format, using of standardized and respected properties or vocabularies (for example FOAF or GeoSPARQL) and development of the completely harmonized data set with uniform data model and common classification (not only a copy of original resources). The SPOI data is published as SPARQL endpoint as well as in the map client. The SPOI dataset is a specific set of POIs which could be “a data fuel” for applications and services related to tourism, local business, statistics or landscape monitoring. It can be used also as a background data layer for thematic maps.

ABSTRACT In our networked society, standards play an important role. That is especially the case ... more ABSTRACT In our networked society, standards play an important role. That is especially the case in exchanging digital data. With “Standards” we refer to the protocols that describe how data (in so called ‘metadata’) and the data-exchange are defined to make a digital exchange of data between two devices (often computers but also computer-machine interaction) possible. Such standards enable interoperability of data, information and knowledge between systems – they ensure compatibility. Standards can reduce choice but the big advantage is that they reduce transaction costs to share data and promote competition (users can easily change suppliers as they are not ‘locked in’ to complete systems). That means they can also support innovation, although the wide use of a standard can also block progress to something better.

The paper describes results of first part of WirelessInfo project. The project aims to implement ... more The paper describes results of first part of WirelessInfo project. The project aims to implement advanced wireless communications into multimedia systems and services for agriculture and forest administrations to improve access to agriculture and forest information. The project demonstrates the improved effectiveness of agriculture and forest data and information access as compared to existing systems. These new technologies are demonstrated on six practical solutions for agriculture and forestry practices. The whole project is oriented on the connection of GIS platforms with wireless communication. The communication possibilities via Internet solution and spatial tools for wireless communication will be compared. An one hand communication via standard commercial equipment like as GSM,GPRS and spatial equipment developed for spatial cases will be used. Two pilot cases solution is described more detailed. The WirelessInfo project aims to improve the access to existing information rel...

Crowdsourcing is the practice of obtaining (geospatial) information from a large number of people... more Crowdsourcing is the practice of obtaining (geospatial) information from a large number of people, either paid or unpaid. Crowdsourcing is currently being used also in the precision agriculture domain, where one of the most widespread crowdsourcing devices is used, i.e. tractors equipped with navigation system receivers. The geospa-tial data obtained from fleet monitoring in such cases comprise a track of a tractor together with several pieces of attribute data. This paper focuses on attribute data of both an economic nature, e.g. fuel consumption and time of operation, and an ecological nature, e.g. the amount of fertilizer and/or pesticide inserted into the ground in a certain place. Interactive cartographic visualization techniques have been developed according to the needs of the end user with respect to economic data. A demonstration of progressive cartographic anima-tions is provided. In contrast, ecological data are typically visualized as interpolated surfaces. The presented...

Karel Charvat ccss@ccss.cz Rural tourism starts to play important role in the whole agribusiness ... more Karel Charvat ccss@ccss.cz Rural tourism starts to play important role in the whole agribusiness and rural development. In many remote areas, it starts to be the main economic activity. The development of such kind of activities is now supported as an opportunity for sustainable development of rural areas. Rural tourism is a chance, how to give farmers a new opportunity for profit from the tourism itself as well as a new market of the agrarian-products in the same region. Rural tourism can help with changes of the agribusiness to ecological farming. Rural tourism is user friendly and environmentally friendly kind of tourism. The e rural tourism services include large scale of various information services, which could be included under e business (reservation), content publishing (nature, history, etc), This is related with the fact, that the rural tourism is mainly oriented on individual needs. It never could be mass oriented. Important goal of rural tourism is to offer a complex pr...

Rural areas are under pressure. Over the past twenty-five years, rural regions have experienced a... more Rural areas are under pressure. Over the past twenty-five years, rural regions have experienced a rapidly shrinking population as people, especially young adults, have migrated to cities. PoliRural is a research and innovation project designed to advance rural policy development in the age of disruptive data and technologies in order to deliver a trusted, scalable and transferable solution for policy co-creation. PoliRural project includes two main parts, rural part and technological part. In the second part are text mining solution or dynamic model tool. The technological part is covered by PoliRural Digital Innovation Hub (DiH). The DiH is the main ICT vehicle for interactive knowledge sharing and will host all results generated by the project. It will include 12 regional hubs (in accordance with 12 regional pilots) represented as living case studies. The DiH is a multi-actor ecosystem that supports communities in their digital transformation by providing a broad variety of servic...

Cloud Computing and Data Science, 2021

For the purpose of exploiting the potential of cloud connectivity in geographical information sys... more For the purpose of exploiting the potential of cloud connectivity in geographical information systems, the Map Whiteboard technology introduced in this article does for web mapping what Google Docs does for word processing; create a shared user interface where multiple parties collaboratively can develop maps and map data while seeing each other work in realtime. To develop the Map Whiteboard concept, we have applied a methodology whereby we have collected technical and functional requirements through a series of hackathons, implemented a prototype in several stages, and subjected this to rigorous testing in a lab environment and with selected users from relevant environments at intermediate scale. The work has resulted in a fully functional prototype that exploits WebSockets via a cloud service to reflect map and data changes between multiple connected clients. The technology has a demonstrated potential for use in a wide range of web GIS applications, something that is facilitated...

Environmental Software Systems. Computer Science for Environmental Protection

A Farm Management Information System (FMIS) is a sophisticated tool managing geospatial data and ... more A Farm Management Information System (FMIS) is a sophisticated tool managing geospatial data and functionalities as it provides answers to two basic questions: what has happened and where. The presented FOODIE (Farm-Oriented Open Data in Europe) and DataBio (Data-Driven Bioeconomy) approach may be recognized as an OpenFMIS, where environmental and reference geospatial data for precision agriculture are provided free of charge. On the other hand, added-value services like yield potential, sensor monitoring, and/or machinery fleet monitoring are provided on a paid basis through standardised Web services due to the costs of hardware and non-trivial computations. Results, i.e. reference, environmental and farm-oriented geospatial data, may be obtained from the FOODIE platform. All such results of whatever kind are used in the European DataBio project in order to minimise the environmental burden while maximising the economic benefits.

Abstracts of the ICA, 2021

Nowadays in use of the term "information", very often we mean "spatial" or "geographic informatio... more Nowadays in use of the term "information", very often we mean "spatial" or "geographic information" due to recent global "revolution" in consumer's habits and manner of information consumptionto use images as the most visible evidence instead of (or in combination with) descriptive data. SmartOpenData SmartOpenData = The project «Open Linked Data for environment protection in Smart Regions» Funded by European Commission (7FP, ENV.2013.6.5-3) Duration: 24 months (2013-2015)

The effectiveness of each production, including agriculture, is determined by the ratio of the va... more The effectiveness of each production, including agriculture, is determined by the ratio of the value of the production outputs to the value of production inputs. The goal of project FarmTelemetry is to create a complex machinery effectivity sensing and analysis tools for management support, which will lead to increase of the improved efficiency of crop production by reducing the negative anthropogenic impacts on environment and by reducing the energy consumption and improving carbon balance, while maintaining the level of outputs. The FarmTelemetry analysis are focused on monitoring of activities and utilization of individual tractors. It is also possible to obtain overall overview for individual farmer's fields (blocks). Application currently supports following analysis. • Cultivated blocks - provides list of all farmer's blocks, where the selected tractor was working during the selected day. There is provided information for each of the blocks about spent time and about us...

Agriculture requires the collection, storage, sharing and analysis of large quantities of spatial... more Agriculture requires the collection, storage, sharing and analysis of large quantities of spatially referenced data. For this data to be effectively used, it must be transferred between different hardware, software and organisations. These data flows currently present a hurdle to uptake of precision agriculture as the multitude of data models, formats, interfaces and reference systems in use result in incompatibilities. Management of huge amounts of data is a challenge. Spatia-temporal data is increasingly collected by remote or in-situ sensors rather than by field campaigns. The wireless communications have several benefits, but also pose challenges to the data exchange reliability and power supply. Sensor calibration and deployment as well as maintenance of sensors need resources and technical skills and increase the costs of data acquisition. Both increasing the amount of data and awareness of data quality issues highlight importance that metadata are attached to sensor data. Sen...

The Smart Point of Interest (SPOI) represents an unique seamless spatial data set based on standa... more The Smart Point of Interest (SPOI) represents an unique seamless spatial data set based on standards recommended for Linked and open data, which are supported by scientist and researchers as well as by several government authorities and European Union. This data set developed in cooperation of partners of SDI4Apps project contains almost 24 millions points of interest focused mainly on tourism, natural features, transport or citizen services. The SPOI data covers almost all countries and territories over the world. It is created as a harmonized combination of global data resources (selected points from OpenStreetMap, Natural Earth and GeoNames.org) and several local data sets (for example data published by the Citadel on the Move project, data from Posumavi region in the Czech Republic or experimental ontologies developed in the University of West Bohemia including ski regions in Europe or historical sights in Rome). The added value of the SDI4Apps approach in comparison to other similar solutions consists in implementation of linked data approach (several objects are connected to DBpedia or GeoNames.org), using of universal RDF format, using of standardized and respected properties or vocabularies (for example FOAF or GeoSPARQL) and development of the completely harmonized data set with uniform data model and common classification (not only a copy of original resources). The SPOI data is published as SPARQL endpoint as well as in the map client. The SPOI dataset is a specific set of POIs which could be “a data fuel” for applications and services related to tourism, local business, statistics or landscape monitoring. It can be used also as a background data layer for thematic maps.

ABSTRACT In our networked society, standards play an important role. That is especially the case ... more ABSTRACT In our networked society, standards play an important role. That is especially the case in exchanging digital data. With “Standards” we refer to the protocols that describe how data (in so called ‘metadata’) and the data-exchange are defined to make a digital exchange of data between two devices (often computers but also computer-machine interaction) possible. Such standards enable interoperability of data, information and knowledge between systems – they ensure compatibility. Standards can reduce choice but the big advantage is that they reduce transaction costs to share data and promote competition (users can easily change suppliers as they are not ‘locked in’ to complete systems). That means they can also support innovation, although the wide use of a standard can also block progress to something better.

The paper describes results of first part of WirelessInfo project. The project aims to implement ... more The paper describes results of first part of WirelessInfo project. The project aims to implement advanced wireless communications into multimedia systems and services for agriculture and forest administrations to improve access to agriculture and forest information. The project demonstrates the improved effectiveness of agriculture and forest data and information access as compared to existing systems. These new technologies are demonstrated on six practical solutions for agriculture and forestry practices. The whole project is oriented on the connection of GIS platforms with wireless communication. The communication possibilities via Internet solution and spatial tools for wireless communication will be compared. An one hand communication via standard commercial equipment like as GSM,GPRS and spatial equipment developed for spatial cases will be used. Two pilot cases solution is described more detailed. The WirelessInfo project aims to improve the access to existing information rel...

Crowdsourcing is the practice of obtaining (geospatial) information from a large number of people... more Crowdsourcing is the practice of obtaining (geospatial) information from a large number of people, either paid or unpaid. Crowdsourcing is currently being used also in the precision agriculture domain, where one of the most widespread crowdsourcing devices is used, i.e. tractors equipped with navigation system receivers. The geospa-tial data obtained from fleet monitoring in such cases comprise a track of a tractor together with several pieces of attribute data. This paper focuses on attribute data of both an economic nature, e.g. fuel consumption and time of operation, and an ecological nature, e.g. the amount of fertilizer and/or pesticide inserted into the ground in a certain place. Interactive cartographic visualization techniques have been developed according to the needs of the end user with respect to economic data. A demonstration of progressive cartographic anima-tions is provided. In contrast, ecological data are typically visualized as interpolated surfaces. The presented...

Karel Charvat ccss@ccss.cz Rural tourism starts to play important role in the whole agribusiness ... more Karel Charvat ccss@ccss.cz Rural tourism starts to play important role in the whole agribusiness and rural development. In many remote areas, it starts to be the main economic activity. The development of such kind of activities is now supported as an opportunity for sustainable development of rural areas. Rural tourism is a chance, how to give farmers a new opportunity for profit from the tourism itself as well as a new market of the agrarian-products in the same region. Rural tourism can help with changes of the agribusiness to ecological farming. Rural tourism is user friendly and environmentally friendly kind of tourism. The e rural tourism services include large scale of various information services, which could be included under e business (reservation), content publishing (nature, history, etc), This is related with the fact, that the rural tourism is mainly oriented on individual needs. It never could be mass oriented. Important goal of rural tourism is to offer a complex pr...

Rural areas are under pressure. Over the past twenty-five years, rural regions have experienced a... more Rural areas are under pressure. Over the past twenty-five years, rural regions have experienced a rapidly shrinking population as people, especially young adults, have migrated to cities. PoliRural is a research and innovation project designed to advance rural policy development in the age of disruptive data and technologies in order to deliver a trusted, scalable and transferable solution for policy co-creation. PoliRural project includes two main parts, rural part and technological part. In the second part are text mining solution or dynamic model tool. The technological part is covered by PoliRural Digital Innovation Hub (DiH). The DiH is the main ICT vehicle for interactive knowledge sharing and will host all results generated by the project. It will include 12 regional hubs (in accordance with 12 regional pilots) represented as living case studies. The DiH is a multi-actor ecosystem that supports communities in their digital transformation by providing a broad variety of servic...

Cloud Computing and Data Science, 2021

For the purpose of exploiting the potential of cloud connectivity in geographical information sys... more For the purpose of exploiting the potential of cloud connectivity in geographical information systems, the Map Whiteboard technology introduced in this article does for web mapping what Google Docs does for word processing; create a shared user interface where multiple parties collaboratively can develop maps and map data while seeing each other work in realtime. To develop the Map Whiteboard concept, we have applied a methodology whereby we have collected technical and functional requirements through a series of hackathons, implemented a prototype in several stages, and subjected this to rigorous testing in a lab environment and with selected users from relevant environments at intermediate scale. The work has resulted in a fully functional prototype that exploits WebSockets via a cloud service to reflect map and data changes between multiple connected clients. The technology has a demonstrated potential for use in a wide range of web GIS applications, something that is facilitated...