Katarina Makka - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Katarina Makka
Sustainability
Video Surveillance Systems (VSSs) are integral parts of road tunnels. Currently, they perform a n... more Video Surveillance Systems (VSSs) are integral parts of road tunnels. Currently, they perform a number of functions, such as ensuring the protection of tunnel technologies, monitoring tunnel operation, or recognising license plates. If VSSs are to be designed to protect the tunnel and its technologies from unauthorised intentional human activity, it is necessary to ensure that they are designed in such a way as to meet the essential functionality requirement of the physical protection system (PPS). In this case, the VSS, as one of the alarm systems, should perform the function of early intrusion detection. The verification of the functionality of the PPS is possible using a software tool to model and simulate various intrusion scenarios. This article provides an example of the use of the SATANO software evaluation tool. The VSS enables multiple applications, such as monitoring, detection, knowledge, and identification. In this paper, the defined current standardised requirements for...
Článok je zameraný na zhodnotenie aplikovateľnosti Spoločnej bezpečnostnej metódy, ktorá je zamer... more Článok je zameraný na zhodnotenie aplikovateľnosti Spoločnej bezpečnostnej metódy, ktorá je zameraná na oblasť železničnej dopravy a jej podsystémy. Cieľom príspevku je analyzovať metódu z právneho pohľadu a určiť vhodné metódy, ktoré by mohli byť využité v konkrétnych krokoch určeného postupu. Porovnáva podobné metódy určené na posudzovanie rizík so Spoločnou bezpečnostnou metódou a následne identifikuje výhody a nevýhody jej praktického použitia.Article is aimed to evaluate the applicability of the SBM, which is focused on area of rail transport. The aim of this paper is to analyze the method of legal point of view and identify appropriate methods that could be used in specific specified procedure. Compares similar methods for risk assessment of common safety methods and subsequently identify the advantages and disadvantages of its practical using
Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina, 2021
At present, the issue of public safety in the production and manipulation of hazardous chemicals ... more At present, the issue of public safety in the production and manipulation of hazardous chemicals deserves more attention, since various major accidents such as fires, explosions and toxic gas releases take place frequently. The issue of prevention of emergency events has become more and more topical. The growing amount of hazardous substances transported leads to increased risk of emergencies. In order to reduce this risk in the transport of hazardous substances, a number of technical, operational, traffic and safety conditions and requirements must be fulfilled. These all contribute to the reduction of hazards and risks. The aim of the presented article was to determine the extent of the danger zone in the event of a gasoline leak due to a traffic accident in a built-up urban area with a high frequency of traffic and population movement.
SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings, 2018
Proceedings of CBU in Social Sciences, 2020
Property protection is becoming an increasingly important concern not only for companies but also... more Property protection is becoming an increasingly important concern not only for companies but also for individuals. Its importance grows not only with increasing crime but also with increasing awareness of people about the protection of their property. This article focuses on one of the issues that we encounter in processes related to the achievement of the required level of property protection and professional judgment. Expert judgment has an irreplaceable position in the whole security process. The article shows the cases in which this judgment has a meaningful significance and the principles to be followed in their use. This article presents the approach of expert estimates needed within the model of the protection system. This procedure is characterized in five stages and the methods used in this process are also described.
Sustainability, 2021
The issue of environmental risk assessment currently deserves great attention. In order to protec... more The issue of environmental risk assessment currently deserves great attention. In order to protect the environment, maintain healthy living conditions, and prevent environmental damage, the member states of the European Union have adopted a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on environmental liability with regard to the prevention and remedying of environmental damage. The directive classifies two types of operators with different liability regimes for environmental damage, namely, the regime with no-fault (strict) liability and liability for fault. With the adoption of the directive, among experts, operators and the general public have posed questions about how to assess the risk of environmental damage. At present, there is still no uniform procedure for assessing environmental risks, which would create a comprehensive methodological framework for assessment for this type of risk. Due to the non-existent risk assessment methodology for operators with strict li...
European Journal of Psychology and Educational Research, 2019
The issue of cybercrime and other antisocial activities is increasingly discussed today. The caus... more The issue of cybercrime and other antisocial activities is increasingly discussed today. The cause is an increasing number of individuals, companies or states exposed to these threats. This article deals with the issue of cyber aggression as one of the kinds of other antisocial activities. The article presents the results of researches in the Slovak Republic, but also the results of a survey at selected schools conducted by the Faculty of Safety Engineering of the University of Zilina. The main aim of the article is to point out the issue of cybercrime and other antisocial activities among adolescents and to point out the relationship between their education and vulnerability.
SHS Web of Conferences, 2020
The present time is constantly evolving, advancing and bringing new challenges and threats that m... more The present time is constantly evolving, advancing and bringing new challenges and threats that may have an adverse impact on individuals and organizations. Each organization must adapt its activities to the current situation. It must also take care of its security, which it needs to ensure its existence, successful functioning and continuous improvement of its position within the global environment. Security must therefore be part of the organization’s main strategies. Therefore, appropriate attention should be paid to security and the organization should regularly allocate sufficient resources to ensure its security. The aim of this article is to point out the possibilities of using the CBA method in the framework of security management in the concept of socially responsible business. The CBA method provides scope to develop and incorporate its methodological framework into standard risk management practices within a company by assessing the costs and benefits of the proposed prev...
Advanced Materials Research, 2014
Act on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents defines the threshold quantities of hazardous... more Act on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents defines the threshold quantities of hazardous substances in companies. Businesses that have exceeded their limits assess risks under this act. For smaller establishments where dangerous substances are present in quantities subliminal, risk assessment in terms of the occurrence and effects of the accident is not required. Nevertheless, these objects can represent a source of danger of a major accident, especially given its location, nature of the threat and synergy due to several adverse circumstances. Aim of this paper is to design a model for assessing the degree of threat or safety margin so unclassified sources of risks, for example refrigeration equipment, winter stadium, gas reservoirs and to apply the algorithm for the risk assessment of such objects. Unclassified sources of risk may also be a threat to critical transport infrastructure or its elements. The result is a consistent multi-step methodological approach to the asse...
2022 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)
Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries
The paper focuses on risk sources under no legislative pressure in the field of prevention of maj... more The paper focuses on risk sources under no legislative pressure in the field of prevention of major accidents. Despite this, they can represent significant sources of risk of accidents. The aim of the paper is to present the results of the risk assessment associated with the operation of enterprises not regulated by the SEVESO III Directive (the so-called subliminal enterprises), to provide information on possible operational problems and to verify the applicability of recognized risk analysis methods for these specific sources of risk. Last but not least, its purpose is to point out that subliminal enterprises, due to their location close to residential areas or areas with a high concentration of population, pose a serious risk to the population. The paper summarizes the results of the quantitative risk assessment of a specific enterprise not included in the Seveso Directivea filling station. Filling stations are frequently located in built-up areas with a dense coefficient of habitability. Due to their number, location (e.g. close to residential areas), frequency of occurrence of persons in the area and handling of dangerous substances during normal operation, they can have negative or even tragic consequences to the life and health of the population. Due to the non-existent risk assessment methodology for enterprises with subliminal quantities of dangerous substances and the lack of a systematic search for risk sources, a risk assessment procedure for these companies is designed.
SHS Web of Conferences, 2021
Research background: Property protection is a worldwide very often used term in the conditions of... more Research background: Property protection is a worldwide very often used term in the conditions of various sectors. It represents a set of measures that have a preventive effect on the risk of damage to the building. The issue of property protection does not only concern organizations, but also every person who is the owner of a property in which his important interests are located. The protection of buildings is a current topic on a global scale, mainly to ensure the proper functioning through the protection of all important tangible and intangible assets of company. Purpose of the article: The main idea of this article is to approach the issue and create a risk management process, focusing on dealing with risks in the conditions of a particular company, in this step we will use a cost-benefit analysis to help decide on the implementation or rejection of a project to protect the selected object. Methods: Before applying the method of cost-benefit analysis to a specific case of prote...
Research background: Transport is one of the key factors in the development of any modern society... more Research background: Transport is one of the key factors in the development of any modern society, and it is not only a goal but also a means of economic development on a global scale. Within the article, we focus on road freight transport, which has the largest market share in the transport sector on the quantity of transported goods. Fuel consumption has risen rapidly in recent times, except for a global drop in demand caused by global constraints in connection with the fight against COVID -19. Increasing the density of transport, increasing requirements for the speed and quality of transport or economic issues significantly affect the decision-making of entities involved in the process of fuel transport and they can have a significant impact on the level of risk in the transport itself. The occurrence of an emergency during the transport of fuels can have negative to tragic effects on life, health, property and the environment. These impacts are in many cases associated with high...
Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina, 2019
Assessment of the mobile risk sources is not yet established in the European Union by law and the... more Assessment of the mobile risk sources is not yet established in the European Union by law and therefore there is not enough pressure to manage and reduce risks. However, the transport of dangerous goods poses a special risk in terms of the nature of the transported material, especially for densely populated urban areas. The release of toxic or flammable substances into the air may endanger the health and life of many inhabitants. The assessment of consequences of the mobile accident hazards has been dealt with only seldom and not in details. The aim of this paper is to assess the risks associated with the transport of dangerous flammable substance. Authors would like to point out that the mobile resources represent a significant source of risk through the transport of dangerous goods in the event of an emergency occurrence associated with their leakage.
EDULEARN Proceedings, 2021
Sustainability
Video Surveillance Systems (VSSs) are integral parts of road tunnels. Currently, they perform a n... more Video Surveillance Systems (VSSs) are integral parts of road tunnels. Currently, they perform a number of functions, such as ensuring the protection of tunnel technologies, monitoring tunnel operation, or recognising license plates. If VSSs are to be designed to protect the tunnel and its technologies from unauthorised intentional human activity, it is necessary to ensure that they are designed in such a way as to meet the essential functionality requirement of the physical protection system (PPS). In this case, the VSS, as one of the alarm systems, should perform the function of early intrusion detection. The verification of the functionality of the PPS is possible using a software tool to model and simulate various intrusion scenarios. This article provides an example of the use of the SATANO software evaluation tool. The VSS enables multiple applications, such as monitoring, detection, knowledge, and identification. In this paper, the defined current standardised requirements for...
Článok je zameraný na zhodnotenie aplikovateľnosti Spoločnej bezpečnostnej metódy, ktorá je zamer... more Článok je zameraný na zhodnotenie aplikovateľnosti Spoločnej bezpečnostnej metódy, ktorá je zameraná na oblasť železničnej dopravy a jej podsystémy. Cieľom príspevku je analyzovať metódu z právneho pohľadu a určiť vhodné metódy, ktoré by mohli byť využité v konkrétnych krokoch určeného postupu. Porovnáva podobné metódy určené na posudzovanie rizík so Spoločnou bezpečnostnou metódou a následne identifikuje výhody a nevýhody jej praktického použitia.Article is aimed to evaluate the applicability of the SBM, which is focused on area of rail transport. The aim of this paper is to analyze the method of legal point of view and identify appropriate methods that could be used in specific specified procedure. Compares similar methods for risk assessment of common safety methods and subsequently identify the advantages and disadvantages of its practical using
Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina, 2021
At present, the issue of public safety in the production and manipulation of hazardous chemicals ... more At present, the issue of public safety in the production and manipulation of hazardous chemicals deserves more attention, since various major accidents such as fires, explosions and toxic gas releases take place frequently. The issue of prevention of emergency events has become more and more topical. The growing amount of hazardous substances transported leads to increased risk of emergencies. In order to reduce this risk in the transport of hazardous substances, a number of technical, operational, traffic and safety conditions and requirements must be fulfilled. These all contribute to the reduction of hazards and risks. The aim of the presented article was to determine the extent of the danger zone in the event of a gasoline leak due to a traffic accident in a built-up urban area with a high frequency of traffic and population movement.
SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings, 2018
Proceedings of CBU in Social Sciences, 2020
Property protection is becoming an increasingly important concern not only for companies but also... more Property protection is becoming an increasingly important concern not only for companies but also for individuals. Its importance grows not only with increasing crime but also with increasing awareness of people about the protection of their property. This article focuses on one of the issues that we encounter in processes related to the achievement of the required level of property protection and professional judgment. Expert judgment has an irreplaceable position in the whole security process. The article shows the cases in which this judgment has a meaningful significance and the principles to be followed in their use. This article presents the approach of expert estimates needed within the model of the protection system. This procedure is characterized in five stages and the methods used in this process are also described.
Sustainability, 2021
The issue of environmental risk assessment currently deserves great attention. In order to protec... more The issue of environmental risk assessment currently deserves great attention. In order to protect the environment, maintain healthy living conditions, and prevent environmental damage, the member states of the European Union have adopted a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on environmental liability with regard to the prevention and remedying of environmental damage. The directive classifies two types of operators with different liability regimes for environmental damage, namely, the regime with no-fault (strict) liability and liability for fault. With the adoption of the directive, among experts, operators and the general public have posed questions about how to assess the risk of environmental damage. At present, there is still no uniform procedure for assessing environmental risks, which would create a comprehensive methodological framework for assessment for this type of risk. Due to the non-existent risk assessment methodology for operators with strict li...
European Journal of Psychology and Educational Research, 2019
The issue of cybercrime and other antisocial activities is increasingly discussed today. The caus... more The issue of cybercrime and other antisocial activities is increasingly discussed today. The cause is an increasing number of individuals, companies or states exposed to these threats. This article deals with the issue of cyber aggression as one of the kinds of other antisocial activities. The article presents the results of researches in the Slovak Republic, but also the results of a survey at selected schools conducted by the Faculty of Safety Engineering of the University of Zilina. The main aim of the article is to point out the issue of cybercrime and other antisocial activities among adolescents and to point out the relationship between their education and vulnerability.
SHS Web of Conferences, 2020
The present time is constantly evolving, advancing and bringing new challenges and threats that m... more The present time is constantly evolving, advancing and bringing new challenges and threats that may have an adverse impact on individuals and organizations. Each organization must adapt its activities to the current situation. It must also take care of its security, which it needs to ensure its existence, successful functioning and continuous improvement of its position within the global environment. Security must therefore be part of the organization’s main strategies. Therefore, appropriate attention should be paid to security and the organization should regularly allocate sufficient resources to ensure its security. The aim of this article is to point out the possibilities of using the CBA method in the framework of security management in the concept of socially responsible business. The CBA method provides scope to develop and incorporate its methodological framework into standard risk management practices within a company by assessing the costs and benefits of the proposed prev...
Advanced Materials Research, 2014
Act on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents defines the threshold quantities of hazardous... more Act on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents defines the threshold quantities of hazardous substances in companies. Businesses that have exceeded their limits assess risks under this act. For smaller establishments where dangerous substances are present in quantities subliminal, risk assessment in terms of the occurrence and effects of the accident is not required. Nevertheless, these objects can represent a source of danger of a major accident, especially given its location, nature of the threat and synergy due to several adverse circumstances. Aim of this paper is to design a model for assessing the degree of threat or safety margin so unclassified sources of risks, for example refrigeration equipment, winter stadium, gas reservoirs and to apply the algorithm for the risk assessment of such objects. Unclassified sources of risk may also be a threat to critical transport infrastructure or its elements. The result is a consistent multi-step methodological approach to the asse...
2022 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)
Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries
The paper focuses on risk sources under no legislative pressure in the field of prevention of maj... more The paper focuses on risk sources under no legislative pressure in the field of prevention of major accidents. Despite this, they can represent significant sources of risk of accidents. The aim of the paper is to present the results of the risk assessment associated with the operation of enterprises not regulated by the SEVESO III Directive (the so-called subliminal enterprises), to provide information on possible operational problems and to verify the applicability of recognized risk analysis methods for these specific sources of risk. Last but not least, its purpose is to point out that subliminal enterprises, due to their location close to residential areas or areas with a high concentration of population, pose a serious risk to the population. The paper summarizes the results of the quantitative risk assessment of a specific enterprise not included in the Seveso Directivea filling station. Filling stations are frequently located in built-up areas with a dense coefficient of habitability. Due to their number, location (e.g. close to residential areas), frequency of occurrence of persons in the area and handling of dangerous substances during normal operation, they can have negative or even tragic consequences to the life and health of the population. Due to the non-existent risk assessment methodology for enterprises with subliminal quantities of dangerous substances and the lack of a systematic search for risk sources, a risk assessment procedure for these companies is designed.
SHS Web of Conferences, 2021
Research background: Property protection is a worldwide very often used term in the conditions of... more Research background: Property protection is a worldwide very often used term in the conditions of various sectors. It represents a set of measures that have a preventive effect on the risk of damage to the building. The issue of property protection does not only concern organizations, but also every person who is the owner of a property in which his important interests are located. The protection of buildings is a current topic on a global scale, mainly to ensure the proper functioning through the protection of all important tangible and intangible assets of company. Purpose of the article: The main idea of this article is to approach the issue and create a risk management process, focusing on dealing with risks in the conditions of a particular company, in this step we will use a cost-benefit analysis to help decide on the implementation or rejection of a project to protect the selected object. Methods: Before applying the method of cost-benefit analysis to a specific case of prote...
Research background: Transport is one of the key factors in the development of any modern society... more Research background: Transport is one of the key factors in the development of any modern society, and it is not only a goal but also a means of economic development on a global scale. Within the article, we focus on road freight transport, which has the largest market share in the transport sector on the quantity of transported goods. Fuel consumption has risen rapidly in recent times, except for a global drop in demand caused by global constraints in connection with the fight against COVID -19. Increasing the density of transport, increasing requirements for the speed and quality of transport or economic issues significantly affect the decision-making of entities involved in the process of fuel transport and they can have a significant impact on the level of risk in the transport itself. The occurrence of an emergency during the transport of fuels can have negative to tragic effects on life, health, property and the environment. These impacts are in many cases associated with high...
Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina, 2019
Assessment of the mobile risk sources is not yet established in the European Union by law and the... more Assessment of the mobile risk sources is not yet established in the European Union by law and therefore there is not enough pressure to manage and reduce risks. However, the transport of dangerous goods poses a special risk in terms of the nature of the transported material, especially for densely populated urban areas. The release of toxic or flammable substances into the air may endanger the health and life of many inhabitants. The assessment of consequences of the mobile accident hazards has been dealt with only seldom and not in details. The aim of this paper is to assess the risks associated with the transport of dangerous flammable substance. Authors would like to point out that the mobile resources represent a significant source of risk through the transport of dangerous goods in the event of an emergency occurrence associated with their leakage.
EDULEARN Proceedings, 2021