Katherine Presnell - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Katherine Presnell

Research paper thumbnail of An experimental test of the effect of weight-loss dieting on bulimic pathology: Tipping the scales in a different direction

Although it is widely accepted that dieting increases the risk for bulimic pathology, this hypoth... more Although it is widely accepted that dieting increases the risk for bulimic pathology, this hypothesis has not been tested in a randomized experiment. Accordingly, the authors conducted an experimental test of the dietary restraint model by randomly assigning nonobese women (N 82) to either a 6-week, low-calorie diet or a waitlist control condition. The diet intervention resulted in significant weight loss, confirming that dieting was successfully manipulated. Contrary to the restraint model, dieting resulted in significant decreases in bulimic symptoms relative to the control condition. Results converge with past findings from randomized obesity prevention and treatment trials and provide evidence that dieting does not promote bulimic pathology; rather, effective decreases in caloric intake appear to reduce bulimic symptoms. Numerous theorists have posited that dieting promotes onset and persistence of bulimic pathology (Fairburn, 1997; Polivy & Her-man, 1985). Dieting refers to a s...

Research paper thumbnail of Parental substance abuse, reports of chronic pain and coping in adult patients with sickle cell disease

There is increasing interest from a social learning perspective in understanding the role of pare... more There is increasing interest from a social learning perspective in understanding the role of parental factors on adult health behaviors and health outcomes. Our review revealed no studies, to date, that have evaluated the effects of parental substance abuse on reports of chronic pain and coping in adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We explored the effects of parental substance (alcohol or drug) abuse on reports of the sensory, affective and summary indices of pain in 67 adult patients, mean age 38.9 (13.5), with SCD. We also explored the effects of parental substance abuse on psychopathology associated with pain and active coping. Twenty-four percent of patients reported that their parent(s) abused substances. Patients whose parent(s) were characterized as substance abusers reported greater sensory (p=0.02), affective (p=0.01) and summary (VAS; p=0.02) indices of pain as compared to their counterparts, whose parent(s) were not characterized as substance abusers. Patients...

Research paper thumbnail of The Body Project: Promoting Body Acceptance and Preventing Eating Disorders Facilitator Guide

... H. Barlow, PhD Scientific Advisory Board Anne Marie Albano, PhD Jack M. Gorman, MD Peter E. N... more ... H. Barlow, PhD Scientific Advisory Board Anne Marie Albano, PhD Jack M. Gorman, MD Peter E. Nathan, PhD Bonnie Spring, PhD Paul ... anxiety disorders, substance abuse, and obesity and other health prob-lems (Johnson, Cohen, Kasen, & Brook, 2002; Stice, Cameron, Killen ...

Research paper thumbnail of Risk Factors for Binge Eating Onset in Adolescent Girls: A 2-Year Prospective Investigation

Health Psychology Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology American Psychological Association, Mar 1, 2002

Because little is known about the predictors of binge eating (a risk factor for obesity), a set o... more Because little is known about the predictors of binge eating (a risk factor for obesity), a set of putative risk factors for binge eating was investigated in a longitudinal study of adolescent girls. Results verified that binge eating predicted obesity onset. Elevated dieting, pressure to be thin, modeling of eating disturbances, appearance overvaluation, body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, emotional eating, body mass, and low self-esteem and social support predicted binge eating onset with 92% accuracy. Classification tree analysis revealed an interaction between appearance overvaluation, body mass, dieting, and depressive symptoms, suggesting qualitatively different pathways to binge eating and identifying subgroups at extreme risk for this outcome. Results support the assertion that these psychosocial and biological factors increase risk for binge eating.

Research paper thumbnail of Risk Factors for Binge Eating Onset in Adolescent Girls: A 2-Year Prospective Investigation

Health Psychology Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology American Psychological Association, Mar 1, 2002

Because little is known about the predictors of binge eating (a risk factor for obesity), a set o... more Because little is known about the predictors of binge eating (a risk factor for obesity), a set of putative risk factors for binge eating was investigated in a longitudinal study of adolescent girls. Results verified that binge eating predicted obesity onset. Elevated dieting, pressure to be thin, modeling of eating disturbances, appearance overvaluation, body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, emotional eating, body mass, and low self-esteem and social support predicted binge eating onset with 92% accuracy. Classification tree analysis revealed an interaction between appearance overvaluation, body mass, dieting, and depressive symptoms, suggesting qualitatively different pathways to binge eating and identifying subgroups at extreme risk for this outcome. Results support the assertion that these psychosocial and biological factors increase risk for binge eating.

Research paper thumbnail of Mediators in the dissonance eating disorder prevention program

Behaviour Research and Therapy, Jun 1, 2009

Previous research has supported thin-ideal internalization as a partial mediator of the effects o... more Previous research has supported thin-ideal internalization as a partial mediator of the effects of the dissonance eating disorder prevention program. The current study replicated previous findings and examined an additional mediator, body dissatisfaction, hypothesized to account for partial intervention effects. As a secondary goal, we developed a more rigorous and accurate test of mediation that accounted for the temporal, causal interplay between mediator and outcome, and controlled for "reverse mediation". Results from a sample of 71 high-risk females (M age = 19.8, SD = 1.3) who participated in a four-week dissonance intervention supported thin-ideal internalization as a partial mediator of the effects of the dissonance intervention on bulimic symptoms, even after controlling for body dissatisfaction as a second mediator. Furthermore, results supported body dissatisfaction as a partial mediator for bulimic symptoms after controlling for thin-ideal internalization. Significant "reverse mediation" effects suggested the reciprocal influence of some risk factors for bulimia nervosa and bulimic symptoms. These results contribute to our understanding of the mediators in the dissonance intervention, which can help refine eating disorder prevention programs.

Research paper thumbnail of Moderate chronic pain, weight and dietary intake in African-American adult patients with sickle cell disease

Journal of the National Medical Association

In this exploratory study, we evaluated weight status and dietary intake patterns during painful ... more In this exploratory study, we evaluated weight status and dietary intake patterns during painful episodes in adult patients with SCD. Specifically, we explored the relation between pain severity and body mass index (BMI), and we tested the hypothesis that dietary intake would be reduced and dietary content altered during periods of increased pain. We conducted an analysis of survey data from 62 patients involved in a longitudinal evaluation of the relationship of medical and psychosocial factors to pain. Nearly half of patients with SCD were overweight, and 20% were obese. BMI was positively related to interference associated with pain. Although BMI was not statistically associated with reported pain severity, >40% of patients reported that they perceived their pain to be affected by their weight. Less than 20% of patients reported that they perceived that their weight affected their pain. Regarding dietary patterns, the majority of patients reported eating less during episodes o...

Research paper thumbnail of Risk factors for body dissatisfaction in adolescent boys and girls: a prospective study

The International journal of eating disorders, 2004

Despite evidence that body dissatisfaction predicts the onset of eating pathology and depression,... more Despite evidence that body dissatisfaction predicts the onset of eating pathology and depression, few prospective studies have investigated predictors of body dissatisfaction. We examined risk factors for body dissatisfaction using prospective data from 531 adolescent boys and girls. Elevations in body mass, negative affect, and perceived pressure to be thin from peers, but not thin-ideal internalization, social support deficits, or perceived pressure to be thin from family, dating partners, or media, predicted increases in body dissatisfaction. Gender moderated the effect of body mass on body dissatisfaction and revealed a significant quadratic component for boys, but not girls. Gender also moderated negative affect. Results support the assertion that certain sociocultural, biologic, and interpersonal factors increase the risk for body dissatisfaction, but differ for boys and girls. Results provided little support for other accepted risk factors for body dissatisfaction.

Research paper thumbnail of Moderate chronic pain, weight and dietary intake in African-American adult patients with sickle cell disease

Journal of the National Medical Association, 2005

In this exploratory study, we evaluated weight status and dietary intake patterns during painful ... more In this exploratory study, we evaluated weight status and dietary intake patterns during painful episodes in adult patients with SCD. Specifically, we explored the relation between pain severity and body mass index (BMI), and we tested the hypothesis that dietary intake would be reduced and dietary content altered during periods of increased pain. We conducted an analysis of survey data from 62 patients involved in a longitudinal evaluation of the relationship of medical and psychosocial factors to pain. Nearly half of patients with SCD were overweight, and 20% were obese. BMI was positively related to interference associated with pain. Although BMI was not statistically associated with reported pain severity, >40% of patients reported that they perceived their pain to be affected by their weight. Less than 20% of patients reported that they perceived that their weight affected their pain. Regarding dietary patterns, the majority of patients reported eating less during episodes o...

Research paper thumbnail of Parental substance abuse, reports of chronic pain and coping in adult patients with sickle cell disease

Journal of the National Medical Association, 2006

There is increasing interest from a social learning perspective in understanding the role of pare... more There is increasing interest from a social learning perspective in understanding the role of parental factors on adult health behaviors and health outcomes. Our review revealed no studies, to date, that have evaluated the effects of parental substance abuse on reports of chronic pain and coping in adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We explored the effects of parental substance (alcohol or drug) abuse on reports of the sensory, affective and summary indices of pain in 67 adult patients, mean age 38.9 (13.5), with SCD. We also explored the effects of parental substance abuse on psychopathology associated with pain and active coping. Twenty-four percent of patients reported that their parent(s) abused substances. Patients whose parent(s) were characterized as substance abusers reported greater sensory (p=0.02), affective (p=0.01) and summary (VAS; p=0.02) indices of pain as compared to their counterparts, whose parent(s) were not characterized as substance abusers. Patients...

Research paper thumbnail of Distributed and condensed versions of a cognitive dissonance programme: comparative effects on eating disorder risk factors and symptoms

Advances in Eating Disorders, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Risk Factors for Binge Eating Onset: A Prospective Investigation

Research paper thumbnail of Body Dissatisfaction in Adolescent Females and Males: Risk and Resilience

Research paper thumbnail of Dieting and the Eating Disorders

Oxford Handbooks Online, 2010

Page 166. CHAPTER 10 Dieting and the Eating Disorders Eric Stice and Katherine Presnell Abstract ... more Page 166. CHAPTER 10 Dieting and the Eating Disorders Eric Stice and Katherine Presnell Abstract This chapter reviews theory and empirical evidence linking dietary restraint to eating pathology. Although prospective studies ...

Research paper thumbnail of Validity of Dietary Restraint Scales: Reply to van Strien et al. (2006)

Psychological Assessment, 2006

In T. van Strien, R. C. M. E. Engels, W. van Staveren, and C. P. Herman&a... more In T. van Strien, R. C. M. E. Engels, W. van Staveren, and C. P. Herman's (2006) comment, they contested the conclusion that dietary restraint scales are invalid measures of acute dietary restriction (E. Stice, M. Fisher, & M. R. Lowe, 2004). The authors respond to their concerns and conclude that researchers should (a) not have to work this hard

Research paper thumbnail of The Skinny on Body Dissatisfaction: A Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Girls and Boys

Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 2006

The present study tested whether theoretically derived risk factors predicted increases in body d... more The present study tested whether theoretically derived risk factors predicted increases in body dissatisfaction and whether gender moderated these relations with data from a longitudinal study of 428 adolescent girls and boys because few prospective studies have examined these aims, despite evidence that body dissatisfaction increases risk for various psychiatric disturbances. Body dissatisfaction showed significant increases for girls and significant decreases for boys during early adolescence. For both genders parental support deficits, negative affectivity, and self-reported dietary restraint, but not Ideal body internalization, body mass index, and eating pathology, showed significant relations to future increases in body dissatisfaction; peer support deficits showed a marginal relation to this outcome. Gender did not moderate these relations, despite adequate power to detect interactive effects.

Research paper thumbnail of An Adolescent Weight-Loss Program Integrating Family Variables Reduces Energy Intake

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2009

Family variables such as cohesion and nurturance have been associated with adolescent weight-rela... more Family variables such as cohesion and nurturance have been associated with adolescent weight-related health behaviors. Integrating family variables that improve family functioning into traditional weight-loss programs can provide health-related benefits. The current study evaluated a family-based psychoeducational and behavioral skill-building weight-loss program for adolescent girls that integrated Family Systems and Social Cognitive Theories. Forty-two overweight (Ն95th percentile) female adolescent participants and parents participated in a 16-week randomized controlled trial comparing three groups: multifamily therapy plus psychoeducation (nϭ15), psychoeducation-only (nϭ16), or wait list (control; nϭ11) group. Body mass index, energy intake, and family measures were assessed at baseline and posttreatment. Adolescents in the psychoeducation-only group demonstrated a greater decrease in energy intake compared to the multifamily therapy plus psychoeducation and control groups (PϽ0.01). Positive changes in family nurturance were associated with lower levels of adolescent energy intake (PϽ0.05). No significant effects were found for body mass index. Results provide preliminary support for a psychoeducational program that integrates family variables to reduce energy intake in overweight adolescent girls. Results indicate that nurturance can be an important family variable to target in future adolescent weight-loss and dietary programs.

Research paper thumbnail of Psychological and Behavioral Risk Factors for Obesity Onset in Adolescent Girls: A Prospective Study

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2005

Because little is known about risk factors for obesity, the authors tested whether certain psycho... more Because little is known about risk factors for obesity, the authors tested whether certain psychological and behavioral variables predicted future onset of obesity. The authors used data from a prospective study of 496 adolescent girls who completed a baseline assessment at age 11-15 years and 4 annual follow-ups. Self-reported dietary restraint, radical weight-control behaviors, depressive symptoms, and perceived parental obesity--but not high-fat food consumption, binge eating, or exercise frequency-predicted obesity onset. Results provide support for certain etiologic theories of obesity, including the affect regulation model. The fact that self-reported, weight-control behaviors identified girls at risk for obesity implies that high-risk youths are not engaging in effective weight-control methods and suggests the need to promote more effective strategies.

Research paper thumbnail of Testing mediators of intervention effects in randomized controlled trials: An evaluation of two eating disorder prevention programs

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2007

The authors investigated mediators hypothesized to account for the effects of 2 eating disorder p... more The authors investigated mediators hypothesized to account for the effects of 2 eating disorder prevention programs using data from 355 adolescent girls who were randomized to a dissonance or a healthy weight intervention or an active control condition. The dissonance intervention produced significant reductions in outcomes (body dissatisfaction, dieting, negative affect, bulimic symptoms) and the mediator (thin-ideal internalization), change in the mediator correlated with change in outcomes and usually occurred before change in outcomes, and intervention effects became significantly weaker when change in the mediator was partialed, providing support for the hypothesized mediators and this new approach to testing mediation in randomized trials. Findings provide somewhat less support for the hypothesis that change in healthy eating and exercise would mediate the healthy weight intervention effects.

Research paper thumbnail of Dissonance and healthy weight eating disorder prevention programs: Long-term effects from a randomized efficacy trial

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2008

Adolescent girls with body dissatisfaction (N = 481, SD = 1.4) were randomized to a dissonance-ba... more Adolescent girls with body dissatisfaction (N = 481, SD = 1.4) were randomized to a dissonance-based thin-ideal internalization reduction program, healthy weight control program, expressive writing control condition, or assessment-only control condition. Dissonance participants showed significantly greater decreases in thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, negative affect, eating disorder symptoms, and psychosocial impairment and lower risk for eating pathology onset through 2- to 3-year follow-up than did assessment-only controls. Dissonance participants showed greater decreases in thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, and psychosocial impairment than did expressive writing controls. Healthy weight participants showed greater decreases in thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, negative affect, eating disorder symptoms, and psychosocial impairment; less increases in weight; and lower risk for eating pathology and obesity onset through 2- to 3-year follow-up than did assessment-only controls. Healthy weight participants showed greater decreases in thin-ideal internalization and weight than did expressive writing controls. Dissonance participants showed a 60% reduction in risk for eating pathology onset, and healthy weight participants showed a 61% reduction in risk for eating pathology onset and a 55% reduction in risk for obesity onset relative to assessment-only controls through 3-year follow-up, implying that the effects are clinically important and enduring.

Research paper thumbnail of An experimental test of the effect of weight-loss dieting on bulimic pathology: Tipping the scales in a different direction

Although it is widely accepted that dieting increases the risk for bulimic pathology, this hypoth... more Although it is widely accepted that dieting increases the risk for bulimic pathology, this hypothesis has not been tested in a randomized experiment. Accordingly, the authors conducted an experimental test of the dietary restraint model by randomly assigning nonobese women (N 82) to either a 6-week, low-calorie diet or a waitlist control condition. The diet intervention resulted in significant weight loss, confirming that dieting was successfully manipulated. Contrary to the restraint model, dieting resulted in significant decreases in bulimic symptoms relative to the control condition. Results converge with past findings from randomized obesity prevention and treatment trials and provide evidence that dieting does not promote bulimic pathology; rather, effective decreases in caloric intake appear to reduce bulimic symptoms. Numerous theorists have posited that dieting promotes onset and persistence of bulimic pathology (Fairburn, 1997; Polivy & Her-man, 1985). Dieting refers to a s...

Research paper thumbnail of Parental substance abuse, reports of chronic pain and coping in adult patients with sickle cell disease

There is increasing interest from a social learning perspective in understanding the role of pare... more There is increasing interest from a social learning perspective in understanding the role of parental factors on adult health behaviors and health outcomes. Our review revealed no studies, to date, that have evaluated the effects of parental substance abuse on reports of chronic pain and coping in adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We explored the effects of parental substance (alcohol or drug) abuse on reports of the sensory, affective and summary indices of pain in 67 adult patients, mean age 38.9 (13.5), with SCD. We also explored the effects of parental substance abuse on psychopathology associated with pain and active coping. Twenty-four percent of patients reported that their parent(s) abused substances. Patients whose parent(s) were characterized as substance abusers reported greater sensory (p=0.02), affective (p=0.01) and summary (VAS; p=0.02) indices of pain as compared to their counterparts, whose parent(s) were not characterized as substance abusers. Patients...

Research paper thumbnail of The Body Project: Promoting Body Acceptance and Preventing Eating Disorders Facilitator Guide

... H. Barlow, PhD Scientific Advisory Board Anne Marie Albano, PhD Jack M. Gorman, MD Peter E. N... more ... H. Barlow, PhD Scientific Advisory Board Anne Marie Albano, PhD Jack M. Gorman, MD Peter E. Nathan, PhD Bonnie Spring, PhD Paul ... anxiety disorders, substance abuse, and obesity and other health prob-lems (Johnson, Cohen, Kasen, & Brook, 2002; Stice, Cameron, Killen ...

Research paper thumbnail of Risk Factors for Binge Eating Onset in Adolescent Girls: A 2-Year Prospective Investigation

Health Psychology Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology American Psychological Association, Mar 1, 2002

Because little is known about the predictors of binge eating (a risk factor for obesity), a set o... more Because little is known about the predictors of binge eating (a risk factor for obesity), a set of putative risk factors for binge eating was investigated in a longitudinal study of adolescent girls. Results verified that binge eating predicted obesity onset. Elevated dieting, pressure to be thin, modeling of eating disturbances, appearance overvaluation, body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, emotional eating, body mass, and low self-esteem and social support predicted binge eating onset with 92% accuracy. Classification tree analysis revealed an interaction between appearance overvaluation, body mass, dieting, and depressive symptoms, suggesting qualitatively different pathways to binge eating and identifying subgroups at extreme risk for this outcome. Results support the assertion that these psychosocial and biological factors increase risk for binge eating.

Research paper thumbnail of Risk Factors for Binge Eating Onset in Adolescent Girls: A 2-Year Prospective Investigation

Health Psychology Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology American Psychological Association, Mar 1, 2002

Because little is known about the predictors of binge eating (a risk factor for obesity), a set o... more Because little is known about the predictors of binge eating (a risk factor for obesity), a set of putative risk factors for binge eating was investigated in a longitudinal study of adolescent girls. Results verified that binge eating predicted obesity onset. Elevated dieting, pressure to be thin, modeling of eating disturbances, appearance overvaluation, body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, emotional eating, body mass, and low self-esteem and social support predicted binge eating onset with 92% accuracy. Classification tree analysis revealed an interaction between appearance overvaluation, body mass, dieting, and depressive symptoms, suggesting qualitatively different pathways to binge eating and identifying subgroups at extreme risk for this outcome. Results support the assertion that these psychosocial and biological factors increase risk for binge eating.

Research paper thumbnail of Mediators in the dissonance eating disorder prevention program

Behaviour Research and Therapy, Jun 1, 2009

Previous research has supported thin-ideal internalization as a partial mediator of the effects o... more Previous research has supported thin-ideal internalization as a partial mediator of the effects of the dissonance eating disorder prevention program. The current study replicated previous findings and examined an additional mediator, body dissatisfaction, hypothesized to account for partial intervention effects. As a secondary goal, we developed a more rigorous and accurate test of mediation that accounted for the temporal, causal interplay between mediator and outcome, and controlled for "reverse mediation". Results from a sample of 71 high-risk females (M age = 19.8, SD = 1.3) who participated in a four-week dissonance intervention supported thin-ideal internalization as a partial mediator of the effects of the dissonance intervention on bulimic symptoms, even after controlling for body dissatisfaction as a second mediator. Furthermore, results supported body dissatisfaction as a partial mediator for bulimic symptoms after controlling for thin-ideal internalization. Significant "reverse mediation" effects suggested the reciprocal influence of some risk factors for bulimia nervosa and bulimic symptoms. These results contribute to our understanding of the mediators in the dissonance intervention, which can help refine eating disorder prevention programs.

Research paper thumbnail of Moderate chronic pain, weight and dietary intake in African-American adult patients with sickle cell disease

Journal of the National Medical Association

In this exploratory study, we evaluated weight status and dietary intake patterns during painful ... more In this exploratory study, we evaluated weight status and dietary intake patterns during painful episodes in adult patients with SCD. Specifically, we explored the relation between pain severity and body mass index (BMI), and we tested the hypothesis that dietary intake would be reduced and dietary content altered during periods of increased pain. We conducted an analysis of survey data from 62 patients involved in a longitudinal evaluation of the relationship of medical and psychosocial factors to pain. Nearly half of patients with SCD were overweight, and 20% were obese. BMI was positively related to interference associated with pain. Although BMI was not statistically associated with reported pain severity, >40% of patients reported that they perceived their pain to be affected by their weight. Less than 20% of patients reported that they perceived that their weight affected their pain. Regarding dietary patterns, the majority of patients reported eating less during episodes o...

Research paper thumbnail of Risk factors for body dissatisfaction in adolescent boys and girls: a prospective study

The International journal of eating disorders, 2004

Despite evidence that body dissatisfaction predicts the onset of eating pathology and depression,... more Despite evidence that body dissatisfaction predicts the onset of eating pathology and depression, few prospective studies have investigated predictors of body dissatisfaction. We examined risk factors for body dissatisfaction using prospective data from 531 adolescent boys and girls. Elevations in body mass, negative affect, and perceived pressure to be thin from peers, but not thin-ideal internalization, social support deficits, or perceived pressure to be thin from family, dating partners, or media, predicted increases in body dissatisfaction. Gender moderated the effect of body mass on body dissatisfaction and revealed a significant quadratic component for boys, but not girls. Gender also moderated negative affect. Results support the assertion that certain sociocultural, biologic, and interpersonal factors increase the risk for body dissatisfaction, but differ for boys and girls. Results provided little support for other accepted risk factors for body dissatisfaction.

Research paper thumbnail of Moderate chronic pain, weight and dietary intake in African-American adult patients with sickle cell disease

Journal of the National Medical Association, 2005

In this exploratory study, we evaluated weight status and dietary intake patterns during painful ... more In this exploratory study, we evaluated weight status and dietary intake patterns during painful episodes in adult patients with SCD. Specifically, we explored the relation between pain severity and body mass index (BMI), and we tested the hypothesis that dietary intake would be reduced and dietary content altered during periods of increased pain. We conducted an analysis of survey data from 62 patients involved in a longitudinal evaluation of the relationship of medical and psychosocial factors to pain. Nearly half of patients with SCD were overweight, and 20% were obese. BMI was positively related to interference associated with pain. Although BMI was not statistically associated with reported pain severity, >40% of patients reported that they perceived their pain to be affected by their weight. Less than 20% of patients reported that they perceived that their weight affected their pain. Regarding dietary patterns, the majority of patients reported eating less during episodes o...

Research paper thumbnail of Parental substance abuse, reports of chronic pain and coping in adult patients with sickle cell disease

Journal of the National Medical Association, 2006

There is increasing interest from a social learning perspective in understanding the role of pare... more There is increasing interest from a social learning perspective in understanding the role of parental factors on adult health behaviors and health outcomes. Our review revealed no studies, to date, that have evaluated the effects of parental substance abuse on reports of chronic pain and coping in adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We explored the effects of parental substance (alcohol or drug) abuse on reports of the sensory, affective and summary indices of pain in 67 adult patients, mean age 38.9 (13.5), with SCD. We also explored the effects of parental substance abuse on psychopathology associated with pain and active coping. Twenty-four percent of patients reported that their parent(s) abused substances. Patients whose parent(s) were characterized as substance abusers reported greater sensory (p=0.02), affective (p=0.01) and summary (VAS; p=0.02) indices of pain as compared to their counterparts, whose parent(s) were not characterized as substance abusers. Patients...

Research paper thumbnail of Distributed and condensed versions of a cognitive dissonance programme: comparative effects on eating disorder risk factors and symptoms

Advances in Eating Disorders, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Risk Factors for Binge Eating Onset: A Prospective Investigation

Research paper thumbnail of Body Dissatisfaction in Adolescent Females and Males: Risk and Resilience

Research paper thumbnail of Dieting and the Eating Disorders

Oxford Handbooks Online, 2010

Page 166. CHAPTER 10 Dieting and the Eating Disorders Eric Stice and Katherine Presnell Abstract ... more Page 166. CHAPTER 10 Dieting and the Eating Disorders Eric Stice and Katherine Presnell Abstract This chapter reviews theory and empirical evidence linking dietary restraint to eating pathology. Although prospective studies ...

Research paper thumbnail of Validity of Dietary Restraint Scales: Reply to van Strien et al. (2006)

Psychological Assessment, 2006

In T. van Strien, R. C. M. E. Engels, W. van Staveren, and C. P. Herman&a... more In T. van Strien, R. C. M. E. Engels, W. van Staveren, and C. P. Herman's (2006) comment, they contested the conclusion that dietary restraint scales are invalid measures of acute dietary restriction (E. Stice, M. Fisher, & M. R. Lowe, 2004). The authors respond to their concerns and conclude that researchers should (a) not have to work this hard

Research paper thumbnail of The Skinny on Body Dissatisfaction: A Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Girls and Boys

Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 2006

The present study tested whether theoretically derived risk factors predicted increases in body d... more The present study tested whether theoretically derived risk factors predicted increases in body dissatisfaction and whether gender moderated these relations with data from a longitudinal study of 428 adolescent girls and boys because few prospective studies have examined these aims, despite evidence that body dissatisfaction increases risk for various psychiatric disturbances. Body dissatisfaction showed significant increases for girls and significant decreases for boys during early adolescence. For both genders parental support deficits, negative affectivity, and self-reported dietary restraint, but not Ideal body internalization, body mass index, and eating pathology, showed significant relations to future increases in body dissatisfaction; peer support deficits showed a marginal relation to this outcome. Gender did not moderate these relations, despite adequate power to detect interactive effects.

Research paper thumbnail of An Adolescent Weight-Loss Program Integrating Family Variables Reduces Energy Intake

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2009

Family variables such as cohesion and nurturance have been associated with adolescent weight-rela... more Family variables such as cohesion and nurturance have been associated with adolescent weight-related health behaviors. Integrating family variables that improve family functioning into traditional weight-loss programs can provide health-related benefits. The current study evaluated a family-based psychoeducational and behavioral skill-building weight-loss program for adolescent girls that integrated Family Systems and Social Cognitive Theories. Forty-two overweight (Ն95th percentile) female adolescent participants and parents participated in a 16-week randomized controlled trial comparing three groups: multifamily therapy plus psychoeducation (nϭ15), psychoeducation-only (nϭ16), or wait list (control; nϭ11) group. Body mass index, energy intake, and family measures were assessed at baseline and posttreatment. Adolescents in the psychoeducation-only group demonstrated a greater decrease in energy intake compared to the multifamily therapy plus psychoeducation and control groups (PϽ0.01). Positive changes in family nurturance were associated with lower levels of adolescent energy intake (PϽ0.05). No significant effects were found for body mass index. Results provide preliminary support for a psychoeducational program that integrates family variables to reduce energy intake in overweight adolescent girls. Results indicate that nurturance can be an important family variable to target in future adolescent weight-loss and dietary programs.

Research paper thumbnail of Psychological and Behavioral Risk Factors for Obesity Onset in Adolescent Girls: A Prospective Study

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2005

Because little is known about risk factors for obesity, the authors tested whether certain psycho... more Because little is known about risk factors for obesity, the authors tested whether certain psychological and behavioral variables predicted future onset of obesity. The authors used data from a prospective study of 496 adolescent girls who completed a baseline assessment at age 11-15 years and 4 annual follow-ups. Self-reported dietary restraint, radical weight-control behaviors, depressive symptoms, and perceived parental obesity--but not high-fat food consumption, binge eating, or exercise frequency-predicted obesity onset. Results provide support for certain etiologic theories of obesity, including the affect regulation model. The fact that self-reported, weight-control behaviors identified girls at risk for obesity implies that high-risk youths are not engaging in effective weight-control methods and suggests the need to promote more effective strategies.

Research paper thumbnail of Testing mediators of intervention effects in randomized controlled trials: An evaluation of two eating disorder prevention programs

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2007

The authors investigated mediators hypothesized to account for the effects of 2 eating disorder p... more The authors investigated mediators hypothesized to account for the effects of 2 eating disorder prevention programs using data from 355 adolescent girls who were randomized to a dissonance or a healthy weight intervention or an active control condition. The dissonance intervention produced significant reductions in outcomes (body dissatisfaction, dieting, negative affect, bulimic symptoms) and the mediator (thin-ideal internalization), change in the mediator correlated with change in outcomes and usually occurred before change in outcomes, and intervention effects became significantly weaker when change in the mediator was partialed, providing support for the hypothesized mediators and this new approach to testing mediation in randomized trials. Findings provide somewhat less support for the hypothesis that change in healthy eating and exercise would mediate the healthy weight intervention effects.

Research paper thumbnail of Dissonance and healthy weight eating disorder prevention programs: Long-term effects from a randomized efficacy trial

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2008

Adolescent girls with body dissatisfaction (N = 481, SD = 1.4) were randomized to a dissonance-ba... more Adolescent girls with body dissatisfaction (N = 481, SD = 1.4) were randomized to a dissonance-based thin-ideal internalization reduction program, healthy weight control program, expressive writing control condition, or assessment-only control condition. Dissonance participants showed significantly greater decreases in thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, negative affect, eating disorder symptoms, and psychosocial impairment and lower risk for eating pathology onset through 2- to 3-year follow-up than did assessment-only controls. Dissonance participants showed greater decreases in thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, and psychosocial impairment than did expressive writing controls. Healthy weight participants showed greater decreases in thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, negative affect, eating disorder symptoms, and psychosocial impairment; less increases in weight; and lower risk for eating pathology and obesity onset through 2- to 3-year follow-up than did assessment-only controls. Healthy weight participants showed greater decreases in thin-ideal internalization and weight than did expressive writing controls. Dissonance participants showed a 60% reduction in risk for eating pathology onset, and healthy weight participants showed a 61% reduction in risk for eating pathology onset and a 55% reduction in risk for obesity onset relative to assessment-only controls through 3-year follow-up, implying that the effects are clinically important and enduring.