Kay Bussey - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Kay Bussey

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1999

Similar experimental procedures are used in misinformation studies and in retroactive inhibition ... more Similar experimental procedures are used in misinformation studies and in retroactive inhibition studies. Despite these similarities, the findings of these studies have suggested that misleading postevent information and inconsistent postevent information would have different effects on children's recollections. To examine this hypothesis, 28 seven-year-olds learned a target game to criterion. Two days later, they were administered either type of postevent information on either one or three occasions. When the children were tested 3 weeks later, the results showed that even criterion-learned information could be affected detrimentally by exposure to misleading or inconsistent postevent information. Notably, children who were administered misinformation on one occasion reported more target information than children in all other groups. It is suggested that exposure to misinformation had a facilitative effect on these children's recollections.

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2001

The effects of age and degree of learning on children's susceptibility to retroactive int... more The effects of age and degree of learning on children's susceptibility to retroactive interference were examined. Children (4- and 7-year-olds) participated in a target game either once or three times. Each time, they learned the target stimuli to criterion. Two days later, the children either rested or participated in a second game containing inconsistent information. Retrieval tests were administered 3 weeks later. Children who participated in the target game repeatedly recognized more information from that game, both accurately and as intrusions, than did children who participated only once. Both age groups were susceptible to retroactive interference; degree of susceptibility was affected by neither age nor degree of learning. Nevertheless, the 7-year-olds were more accurate at test. These findings suggest that differences in the forgetting rate between 4- and 7-year-olds are not caused by differential susceptibility to retroactive interference.

Psychology of Popular Media, 2022

New Media & Society, 2021

The cyberbullying field has quickly expanded in the past 20 years and especially includes strong ... more The cyberbullying field has quickly expanded in the past 20 years and especially includes strong emphases on diverse and marginal youth groups. However, the field’s literature defines cyberbullying in widely diverging ways while lacking consideration of how diverse youth groups themselves define and apply the term cyberbullying. This article aimed to consider how culturally, sexuality and gender-diverse youth understandings, experiences and interpretations of cyberbullying can be used to redress gaps in current academic notions of cyberbullying. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 young people exploring their understandings, interpretations and experiences of cyberbullying. Participants were aged 18–25 years and self-identified as from a culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) background and/or part of the LGBTQIA+ community. Interview question themes explored participants’ social media engagement, online communities and cyberbullying experiences. NVivo was used t...

Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 2022

Introduction Characterised by both exploration and engagement in risky behaviours, late adolescen... more Introduction Characterised by both exploration and engagement in risky behaviours, late adolescence and emerging adulthood are periods of particular vulnerability to dysregulated behaviours. One such behaviour less well explored is that of problematic Internet pornography (IP) viewing, despite viewing explicit online material becoming increasingly pervasive and normative. Method In 2020, 385 (270 females, 110 males) Australian undergraduate students (aged 17–25 years) completed an online survey assessing exposure to IP, affective and cognitive responses to IP, IP-related sexual beliefs, self-assessed problematic IP viewing and key psychological vulnerability factors. Correlational and regression analyses were utilised to assess the relationships between variables. Results Most male (57.3%) and female (33.7%) respondents recalled their first exposure to IP as occurring between 12 and 14 years; however, 28.2% of males and 23.7% females recalled their exposure as occurring between 9 an...

Sexual Health & Compulsivity

ABSTRACT The viewing of Internet Pornography (IP) by young adults is a largely normative pastime ... more ABSTRACT The viewing of Internet Pornography (IP) by young adults is a largely normative pastime but few studies have explored what type of IP they choose to view, why and how they make these choices and if this affects their sexual beliefs and behaviors. It is also unclear if there are specific emotional and sexual states associated with the decision to view IP and if any of these states, combined with individual factors predispose individuals toward using IP problematically. These factors are relevant, as some studies identify heterosexual IP as frequently depicting aggressive, degrading and sometimes violent sexual conduct by men against women. Despite this, there is limited research on whether IP narratives inform young people’s sexual fantasizing, expectations and offline sexual behavior. This cross-sectional study of undergraduate students (N = 195; 70.8% female, 28.2% male; 49.7% were 17-19 years, 24.1% were 20-22 years and 26.2% were 23-25 years) found IP viewing motivations linked to mood management or emotional avoidance were positively associated with problematic IP (PIP) viewing. Higher levels of sexual sensation seeking, adversarial sexual beliefs and moral disengagement were also associated with the tendency to adopt personal sexual behaviors consistent with those viewed in IP (IP-congruent behavior) and PIP viewing. Notably, sensation seeking, moral disengagement, IP-related fantasizing and the interaction between moral disengagement and PIP viewing were all significant predictors of IP-congruent behavior.

Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media

Online communication offers the potential for bridging con-nections, exposing users to new views ... more Online communication offers the potential for bridging con-nections, exposing users to new views and experiences by fostering socially heterogenous communities. However, in the absence of deliberate attempts to promote diversity, communities may tend towards insularity: a state where members and content are similar or homogenous, and where deviation from these norms is discouraged. This paper presents a taxonomy of processes contributing to insularity, synthesizing findings from a broader longitudinal interview study on engagement with online communities over time with previous literature. Using thematic analysis, sixteen processes were identified which were associated with four broad stages: formation (selective connections, network homophily, shared interests, audience segmentation); propagation (circlejerking, upholding community standards, avoiding conflict, tailoring content); reaction (individual avoidance, collective reaction, mocking deviance, derogating outsiders); and perp...

Journal of Eating Disorders, 2020

Background This study aimed to support previous research conducted with First-Australians (FA) by... more Background This study aimed to support previous research conducted with First-Australians (FA) by establishing the prevalence of eating disorders, and their demographic distribution and burden in adolescent First-Australians compared to other-Australians (OA). Methods Data were used from the baseline survey of the EveryBODY Study, a longitudinal investigation of eating disorders among Australian adolescents. Of the 5068 participants included, 402 (8%) identified as FA, 4586 (90.5%) identified as OA. Diagnosis of eating disorders was based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version 5. Socioeconomic status and measures of impairment were assessed using validated instruments. Body mass index was calculated based on self-reported weight and height. Statistical analyses used data weighted to the distribution of gender in adolescents in New South Wales in the 2016 Australian Census. Chi-square tests were performed to determine prevalence of eating disorders amongst FA and to compare...

Aggressive Behavior, 2020

Despite the extensive evaluation of school‐based interventions for bullying, victimization remain... more Despite the extensive evaluation of school‐based interventions for bullying, victimization remains a significant problem in schools. Bullying victimization is significantly predicted by contextual (school‐related) factors. As a consequence whole‐school programs have been commonly used to prevent and reduce bullying victimization. Evidence also points to individual risk factors (such as emotional distress) in predicting victimization, yet programs to prevent bullying victimization by changing these individual risks are far less developed. Few studies have approximated “real‐world” implementation conditions in their trials. The current effectiveness trial evaluated the combination of a whole‐school program designed to prevent bullying perpetration and victimization together with a targeted intervention for at‐risk students, teaching them individual and dyadic strategies to reduce their anxiety and manage victimization, allowing schools some latitude to implement programs as they typic...

Sex Roles, 2020

The present study provided a novel way to compare the pressure felt by adolescents to engage in s... more The present study provided a novel way to compare the pressure felt by adolescents to engage in same gender behavior and other gender behavior. A new scale of felt pressure was developed which measured the reactions participants anticipated from others if they were to engage in masculine or feminine stereotyped behaviors. The scale was tested on a sample of 297 Australian adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17. Factor analysis indicated two factors which corresponded to Masculine-Typed and Feminine-Typed behaviors. Items related to feminine-typed behaviors were designated as same gender for young women and other gender for young men, and vice versa for masculine-typed items. Analyses indicated that young men reported higher felt pressure to conform to same gender behavior than did young women, and young women reported felt pressure to conform to other gender behavior whereas young men reported pressure to avoid other gender behavior. In addition, high same gender felt pressure was associated with higher self-perceived same gender typicality and lower other gender typicality. Conversely, high other gender felt pressure was associated with high levels of other gender typicality and lower levels of same gender typicality. The presence of same and other gender felt pressure encourages theorists and practitioners to be mindful of the impact of both these influences on adolescents’ gender identity development and psychosocial adjustment.

Journal of Moral Education, 2017

Abstract This study investigated the relationship between children’s proneness to endorse moral d... more Abstract This study investigated the relationship between children’s proneness to endorse moral disengagement mechanisms and their anticipated antisocial lie telling. Participants were 107 predominantly white Australian children in Grade 1 (27 boys, 27 girls; Mage = 6.69 years) and Grade 4 (24 boys, 29 girls; Mage = 9.69 years). Children completed a lie-telling moral disengagement scale and two vignettes. In the first vignette, a child character witnessed a transgression and was coached to say that they did not see the transgression occur (lie type: false denial). In the second vignette, a child character did not witness a transgression and was coached to say that they saw a transgression (lie type: false allegation). In accordance with social cognitive theory predictions, greater proneness to using moral disengagement mechanisms was associated with children’s anticipated lie telling for both false allegations and false denials. These findings highlight the important role of moral disengagement in children’s lie telling.

Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing, 2018

Background: One in four school-aged children is bullied. However, the risk may be greater for chi... more Background: One in four school-aged children is bullied. However, the risk may be greater for childhood cancer patients/survivors (diagnosed <18 years), because of symptoms of the disease and treatment that may prejudice peers. While the serious consequences of bullying are well documented in the general population, bullying may have even greater impact in children with cancer due to the myriad of challenges associated with treatment and prolonged school absence. Objective: To summarize the state of evidence on bullying in childhood cancer patients/survivors; specifically, the rate and types of bullying experienced and the associated factors. Method: We searched five electronic databases from inception to February 2018 for original research articles reporting on bullying in childhood cancer patients/survivors. Results: We identified 29 eligible articles, representing 1,078 patients/survivors ( M = 14.35 years). Self-reports from patients/survivors revealed a considerably higher r...

Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 2015

Legal and Criminological Psychology, 2011