Abeer Kazmi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Abeer Kazmi

BioMed Research International

Background. Human life quality and expectancy have increased dramatically over the past 5 decades... more Background. Human life quality and expectancy have increased dramatically over the past 5 decades because of improvements in nutrition and antibiotic’s usage fighting against infectious diseases. Yet, it was soon revealed that the microbes adapted to develop resistance to any of the drugs that were used. Recently, there is great concern that commensal bacteria from food and the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals could act as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes. Methodology. This study was intended for evaluating the phenotypic antibiotic resistance/sensitivity profiles of probiotic bacteria from human breast milk and evaluating the inhibitory effect of the probiotic bacteria against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Results. The results point out that some of the isolated bacteria were resistant to diverse antibiotics including gentamycin, imipenem, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, and nalidixic acid. Susceptibility profile to certain antibiotics like va...

Annals of Jinnah Sindh Medical University

Objective: To determine the prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome among dentists working in tertia... more Objective: To determine the prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome among dentists working in tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 132 dentists working in tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar, Pakistan. The data was collected from four public and three private tertiary care hospitals via convenience sampling technique. A standard Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, Kamath and Stothard Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Phalen’s Test were used. The data was collected and analyzed by using SPSS version 25. Frequency and percentage were calculated for categorical variables and chi-square test was applied to find the association between variables. Results: A total of 132 dentists participated in this research out of whom 65 (49.2%) were males while 67 (50.8%) were females. Twenty-eight (21.2%) respondents reported the symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Fifteen (11.4 %) respondents had mild pain and 13 (9.8%) had ...

ABSTRACTProtein is the building block for all organisms. Protein structure prediction is always a... more ABSTRACTProtein is the building block for all organisms. Protein structure prediction is always a complicated task in the field of proteomics. DNA and protein databases can find the primary sequence of the peptide chain and even similar sequences in different proteins. Mainly, there are two methodologies based on the presence or absence of a template for Protein structure prediction. Template-based structure prediction (threading and homology modeling) and Template-free structure prediction (ab initio). Numerous web-based servers that either use templates or do not can help us forecast the structure of proteins. In this current study, ORF7a, a transmembrane protein of the SARS-coronavirus, is predicted using Phyre2, IntFOLD, and Robetta. The protein sequence is straightforwardly entered into the sequence bar on all three web servers. Their findings provided information on the domain, the region with the disorder, the global and local quality score, the predicted structure, and the e...

Genetics Research, Oct 11, 2022

Background. DNA barcoding is a useful technique for the identification, conservation, and diversi... more Background. DNA barcoding is a useful technique for the identification, conservation, and diversity estimation at the species level in plants. e current research work was carried out to characterize selected Fragaria species from northern Pakistan using DNA barcode markers. Methodology. Initially, the efficacy of eight DNA barcode markers was analyzed based on the amplification and sequencing of the genome of selected Fragaria species. e resultant sequences were analyzed using BLAST, MEGA 7.0, and Bio Edit software. e phylogenetic tree was constructed by using Fragaria current species sequences and reference sequences through the neighbor-joining method or maximum likelihood method. Results. Among eight DNA barcode markers, only two (ITS2 and rbclC) were amplified, and sequences were obtained. ITS2 sequence was BLAST in NCBI for related reference species which ranged from 89.79% to 90.05% along with Fragaria vesca (AF163517.1) which have 99.05% identity. Similarly, the rbclC sequence of Fragaria species was ranged from 96% to 99.58% along with Fragaria × ananassa (KY358226.1) which had 99.58% identity. Conclusion. It is recommended that DNA barcode markers are a useful tool to identify the genetic diversity of a species. Moreover, this study could be helpful for the identification of the Fragaria species cultivated in other regions of the world.

Biotechnological Research

Background: Metals are required in minor amounts in the human body to perform vital functions, bu... more Background: Metals are required in minor amounts in the human body to perform vital functions, but beyond that level, they become toxic and cause many harmful effects. At present, polluted water is a large source of these heavy metals inside our body. Bioremediation is one of best treatments for the removal of these heavy metals from water. Objectives: The main objective of the current study was to isolate metal-reducing bacteria from soil and wastewater samples from different industries. Furthermore, the metal reducing potential of the bacteria was also evaluated under various environmental conditions (pH, temperature, incubation time, and UV exposure). Methodology: Different bacterial strains were isolated that were resistant to different concentrations of zinc (Zn) and chromium (Cr) from wastewater and soil samples from four different industries (Riaz textile mills, Sitara chemical industry, Mandiali paper mills and Siddique leather works). Morphological characterization was carried out with the help of Gram staining, spore staining and motility tests. Biochemical tests were performed, such as catalase, oxidase, and H 2 S production tests, starch hydrolysis tests and Simon citrate tests. Chromium reduction after UV exposure was calculated to check mutation effects on chromium reduction. Results: A total of 14 bacterial strains were isolated from the soil and wastewater samples. Six strains were Zn resistant, while eight strains were chromium resistant. A total of five strains were isolated from wastewater out of fourteen strains, while the remaining nine strains were isolated from soil samples of these industries. The bacterial strains were rod-shaped cocci and coccobacillus. The growth of bacterial strains under different environmental conditions, such as temperature, pH and incubation time, was observed, and the best growth was found at 37 • C, pH 7.0 and after 48 hrs. Maximum reduction at different concentrations was observed at pH 7.0 and 37 • C and after 48 hrs. Conclusion: In conclusion, the bacterial strains isolated from industrial wastes and soils showed significant resistivity against various concentrations of Zn and Cr and reduced it efficiently under different conditions (pH, incubation time, temperature and UV light). The use of microorganisms for bioremediation is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach to reduce heavy metals present in our water and soil.

Journal of Food Quality

Background. Solanum melongena is a medicinally important vegetable crop that belongs to the famil... more Background. Solanum melongena is a medicinally important vegetable crop that belongs to the family Solanaceae, which is cultivated worldwide. Methodology. In the present study, 22 eggplant varieties from the different ecogeographical regions were evaluated for nine quantitative and twenty-two qualitative morphological characters. A significant divergence was observed in all characters and wide regional variations for plant characteristics, flower, and fruit characteristics. Principle component analysis (PCA) was performed using PAST3 software to determine the relationship among eggplant accessions. Results. The principal component analysis showed that the first two principal component axes explained 97.17% of the total multivariate variation. Cluster analysis using the Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Means (UPGMA) grouped the 22 eggplant accessions into two main clusters based on similarities in morphological characteristics. The study showed that the Solanum melongena ac...

BioMed Research International

Background. Table olives are becoming well recognized as a source of probiotic bacteria that migh... more Background. Table olives are becoming well recognized as a source of probiotic bacteria that might be used to create a health-promoting fermented food product by traditional procedures based on the activities of indigenous microbial consortia present in local environments. Methodology. In the present study, the characterization of probiotic bacteria isolated from mince, chunks, and brine of fermented green and black olives (Olea europaea) was done based on morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics. Results. Bacterial isolates demonstrated excellent survival abilities at 25, 37, and 45°C and at a variable range of pH. However, the optimum temperature is 37 and the optimum pH is 7 for all three isolates. An antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was found among these isolates through the disc diffusion method. Most of the isolates were susceptible to streptomycin, imipenem, and chloramphenicol, whereas, amoxicillin showed resistance to these isolates, and variable re...

BioMed Research International

Currently, providing nutritious food to all people is one of the greatest challenges due to rapid... more Currently, providing nutritious food to all people is one of the greatest challenges due to rapid human population growth. The global poultry industry is a part of the agrifood sector playing an essential role in food insecurity by providing nutritious meat and egg sources. However, limited meat production with less nutritional value is not fulfilling the higher market demands worldwide. Researchers are focusing on nanobiotechnology by employing phytosynthesized mineral nanomaterials to improve the growth performance and nutritional status of broilers as these mineral nanoparticles are usually absorbed in greater amounts from the gastrointestinal tract and exert enhanced biological effects in the target tissues of animals with greater tissue accumulation. These mineral nanoparticles are efficiently absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and reach essential organs via blood. As a result, it enhances growth performance and nutritional value with less toxicity and tremendous bioav...

Trehalose is a stress-response disaccharide commonly found in yeasts, bacteria, plants, and inver... more Trehalose is a stress-response disaccharide commonly found in yeasts, bacteria, plants, and invertebrates. In plants, its purpose is uncertain, but some studies suggest it protects against abiotic stressors like chilling, heat, drought, and salinity. It is an osmoprotectant and a stabilizing agent for higher animals and plants. Some trehalose metabolism mutants show growth abnormalities, which could compromise plant physiology. Biotic stress causes contradictory results as well. It is also crucial for pathogen infectivity and plant defensive response. In our opinion, trehalose should not be considered only as a defensive sugar but rather as a molecule with two identities. It is an exceptional molecule that maintains the plant's vigor despite severe environmental conditions. Arabidopsis plants have been used to treat Alzheimer's, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases. There's no doubt that what we have just learned about this disaccharide will take us down many roads we&...

BioMed Research International

The universal emphasis on the study of green nanotechnology has led to biologically harmless uses... more The universal emphasis on the study of green nanotechnology has led to biologically harmless uses of wide-ranged nanomaterials. Nanotechnology deals with the production of nanosized particles with regular morphology and properties. Various researches have been directed on nanomaterial synthesis by physical, chemical, and biological means. Understanding the safety of both environment and in vivo, a biogenic approach particularly plant-derived synthesis is the best strategy. Silver-zinc oxide nanoparticles are most effective. Moreover, these engineered nanomaterials via morphological modifications attain improved performance in antimicrobial, biomedical, environmental, and therapeutic applications. This article evaluates manufacturing strategies for silver-zinc oxide nanoparticles via plant-derived means along with highlighting their broad range of uses in bionanotechnology.

Biomedical Research and Therapy

SARS-CoV-2, a zoonotic virus, emerged in China causes Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Senior... more SARS-CoV-2, a zoonotic virus, emerged in China causes Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Senior citizens and people with co-infections, genetic diseases, immune-compromised states, and cardiovascular diseases are at higher risk. There is no approved vaccine or drug available to treat COVID-19, although a few antivirals, interferon, and other drugs have reduced viral load in infected patients. However, these drugs have not been significantly effective in European countries. More than 40 different strains of SARS-CoV-2 have been detected in various parts of the world; they might have adapted themselves to the environmental conditions and have become resistant to therapeutic strategies. Many developed and developing countries are facing shortages of surgical masks and other protection tools. So far, the strategies developed by Chinese authorities have efficiently mitigated the SARS-CoV-2 transmission and limited mortality rate to less than 4%, with more than 78,000 people recovered f...

International Journal of Agronomy

Background. Heavy metals in excessive levels are hazardous to ecosystems as they can bioaccumulat... more Background. Heavy metals in excessive levels are hazardous to ecosystems as they can bioaccumulate in organisms, have toxic effects on biota, and even cause mortality in most life forms. Methodology. The present study consists of two studies; initially, different concentrations of copper were biosorbed by using 1 gm powder of various biosorbents such as orange peels (OP), pomegranate peels (POP), and peanut peels (PP). Furthermore, the biosorbed water was used to irrigate soil when the mung beans were cultivated. The growth parameters of plants growing under induced copper stress and treated with different bioabsorbed waters were also evaluated. Results. The results revealed that, among all biosorbents, the copper biosorption capacity of orange peels was maximum (90%), followed by pomegranate peel. The results of the second experiment exhibited that the plants irrigated with biosorbed water did not show metal toxicity. A remarkable increase in shoot length, shoot fresh weight, and s...

Mechanism involved in developing Agrobacterium mediated transgenic plant for human insulin produc... more Mechanism involved in developing Agrobacterium mediated transgenic plant for human insulin production

Diagrammatic representation of protocol involved in human insulin production

BioNet Reactor used for fermentation<br>to produce human insulin

Comparative analysis of different expression systems used for production of human insulin.

Representation of mechanism involve in isolation and differentiation of various types of stem cel... more Representation of mechanism involve in isolation and differentiation of various types of stem cells to human insulin producing cells

Mechanism of producing human insulin by utilizing chain method

Asian Journal of Health Sciences, 2021

Background: Coronary vascular disease (CVD) is the premier cause of fatality in the world. In Pak... more Background: Coronary vascular disease (CVD) is the premier cause of fatality in the world. In Pakistan, 30 to 40% of all deaths occur due to CVD. The emergency department triage is carried out to prioritize the care of critical patients. Errors during triage may lead to mortality and morbidity of the patient. The current study's objective is to determine the triage process of acute myocardial infarction patients and its associated accuracy and delays during the acute myocardial infarction process of care in the emergency department. Methods: In this descriptive study, data were collected retrospectively from Shifa International Hospital. The consent was taken from participating Registered nurses (RNs) who were involved in the triage process. Nurses with experience of less than 1 year in the emergency department were not part of the study, while only those patients with symptoms indicative of Acute Myocardial Infarction and age of 21 years or older were included in the current st...

Asian Journal of Health Sciences, 2021

Background: Physical activity is one of the leading health indicators, considered an essential fa... more Background: Physical activity is one of the leading health indicators, considered an essential factor in the population's health and quality of life promotion. Physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality. Physical inactivity has been linked with chronic disease and obesity in most populations. This study aims to compare the prevalence of physical activity and overweight/obesity among students of the university. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to September 2019 on undergraduate students from different departments of Peshawar University. A sample of 377 (male n = 243, female n = 134) was taken through convenience sampling. Those individuals who were physically disabled and not willing to participate were excluded from the study. Those meeting the inclusion criteria were given the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ short form). Demographic data included age, weight, and height was self-stated by the particip...

BioMed Research International

Background. Human life quality and expectancy have increased dramatically over the past 5 decades... more Background. Human life quality and expectancy have increased dramatically over the past 5 decades because of improvements in nutrition and antibiotic’s usage fighting against infectious diseases. Yet, it was soon revealed that the microbes adapted to develop resistance to any of the drugs that were used. Recently, there is great concern that commensal bacteria from food and the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals could act as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes. Methodology. This study was intended for evaluating the phenotypic antibiotic resistance/sensitivity profiles of probiotic bacteria from human breast milk and evaluating the inhibitory effect of the probiotic bacteria against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Results. The results point out that some of the isolated bacteria were resistant to diverse antibiotics including gentamycin, imipenem, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, and nalidixic acid. Susceptibility profile to certain antibiotics like va...

Annals of Jinnah Sindh Medical University

Objective: To determine the prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome among dentists working in tertia... more Objective: To determine the prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome among dentists working in tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 132 dentists working in tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar, Pakistan. The data was collected from four public and three private tertiary care hospitals via convenience sampling technique. A standard Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, Kamath and Stothard Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Phalen’s Test were used. The data was collected and analyzed by using SPSS version 25. Frequency and percentage were calculated for categorical variables and chi-square test was applied to find the association between variables. Results: A total of 132 dentists participated in this research out of whom 65 (49.2%) were males while 67 (50.8%) were females. Twenty-eight (21.2%) respondents reported the symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Fifteen (11.4 %) respondents had mild pain and 13 (9.8%) had ...

ABSTRACTProtein is the building block for all organisms. Protein structure prediction is always a... more ABSTRACTProtein is the building block for all organisms. Protein structure prediction is always a complicated task in the field of proteomics. DNA and protein databases can find the primary sequence of the peptide chain and even similar sequences in different proteins. Mainly, there are two methodologies based on the presence or absence of a template for Protein structure prediction. Template-based structure prediction (threading and homology modeling) and Template-free structure prediction (ab initio). Numerous web-based servers that either use templates or do not can help us forecast the structure of proteins. In this current study, ORF7a, a transmembrane protein of the SARS-coronavirus, is predicted using Phyre2, IntFOLD, and Robetta. The protein sequence is straightforwardly entered into the sequence bar on all three web servers. Their findings provided information on the domain, the region with the disorder, the global and local quality score, the predicted structure, and the e...

Genetics Research, Oct 11, 2022

Background. DNA barcoding is a useful technique for the identification, conservation, and diversi... more Background. DNA barcoding is a useful technique for the identification, conservation, and diversity estimation at the species level in plants. e current research work was carried out to characterize selected Fragaria species from northern Pakistan using DNA barcode markers. Methodology. Initially, the efficacy of eight DNA barcode markers was analyzed based on the amplification and sequencing of the genome of selected Fragaria species. e resultant sequences were analyzed using BLAST, MEGA 7.0, and Bio Edit software. e phylogenetic tree was constructed by using Fragaria current species sequences and reference sequences through the neighbor-joining method or maximum likelihood method. Results. Among eight DNA barcode markers, only two (ITS2 and rbclC) were amplified, and sequences were obtained. ITS2 sequence was BLAST in NCBI for related reference species which ranged from 89.79% to 90.05% along with Fragaria vesca (AF163517.1) which have 99.05% identity. Similarly, the rbclC sequence of Fragaria species was ranged from 96% to 99.58% along with Fragaria × ananassa (KY358226.1) which had 99.58% identity. Conclusion. It is recommended that DNA barcode markers are a useful tool to identify the genetic diversity of a species. Moreover, this study could be helpful for the identification of the Fragaria species cultivated in other regions of the world.

Biotechnological Research

Background: Metals are required in minor amounts in the human body to perform vital functions, bu... more Background: Metals are required in minor amounts in the human body to perform vital functions, but beyond that level, they become toxic and cause many harmful effects. At present, polluted water is a large source of these heavy metals inside our body. Bioremediation is one of best treatments for the removal of these heavy metals from water. Objectives: The main objective of the current study was to isolate metal-reducing bacteria from soil and wastewater samples from different industries. Furthermore, the metal reducing potential of the bacteria was also evaluated under various environmental conditions (pH, temperature, incubation time, and UV exposure). Methodology: Different bacterial strains were isolated that were resistant to different concentrations of zinc (Zn) and chromium (Cr) from wastewater and soil samples from four different industries (Riaz textile mills, Sitara chemical industry, Mandiali paper mills and Siddique leather works). Morphological characterization was carried out with the help of Gram staining, spore staining and motility tests. Biochemical tests were performed, such as catalase, oxidase, and H 2 S production tests, starch hydrolysis tests and Simon citrate tests. Chromium reduction after UV exposure was calculated to check mutation effects on chromium reduction. Results: A total of 14 bacterial strains were isolated from the soil and wastewater samples. Six strains were Zn resistant, while eight strains were chromium resistant. A total of five strains were isolated from wastewater out of fourteen strains, while the remaining nine strains were isolated from soil samples of these industries. The bacterial strains were rod-shaped cocci and coccobacillus. The growth of bacterial strains under different environmental conditions, such as temperature, pH and incubation time, was observed, and the best growth was found at 37 • C, pH 7.0 and after 48 hrs. Maximum reduction at different concentrations was observed at pH 7.0 and 37 • C and after 48 hrs. Conclusion: In conclusion, the bacterial strains isolated from industrial wastes and soils showed significant resistivity against various concentrations of Zn and Cr and reduced it efficiently under different conditions (pH, incubation time, temperature and UV light). The use of microorganisms for bioremediation is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach to reduce heavy metals present in our water and soil.

Journal of Food Quality

Background. Solanum melongena is a medicinally important vegetable crop that belongs to the famil... more Background. Solanum melongena is a medicinally important vegetable crop that belongs to the family Solanaceae, which is cultivated worldwide. Methodology. In the present study, 22 eggplant varieties from the different ecogeographical regions were evaluated for nine quantitative and twenty-two qualitative morphological characters. A significant divergence was observed in all characters and wide regional variations for plant characteristics, flower, and fruit characteristics. Principle component analysis (PCA) was performed using PAST3 software to determine the relationship among eggplant accessions. Results. The principal component analysis showed that the first two principal component axes explained 97.17% of the total multivariate variation. Cluster analysis using the Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Means (UPGMA) grouped the 22 eggplant accessions into two main clusters based on similarities in morphological characteristics. The study showed that the Solanum melongena ac...

BioMed Research International

Background. Table olives are becoming well recognized as a source of probiotic bacteria that migh... more Background. Table olives are becoming well recognized as a source of probiotic bacteria that might be used to create a health-promoting fermented food product by traditional procedures based on the activities of indigenous microbial consortia present in local environments. Methodology. In the present study, the characterization of probiotic bacteria isolated from mince, chunks, and brine of fermented green and black olives (Olea europaea) was done based on morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics. Results. Bacterial isolates demonstrated excellent survival abilities at 25, 37, and 45°C and at a variable range of pH. However, the optimum temperature is 37 and the optimum pH is 7 for all three isolates. An antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was found among these isolates through the disc diffusion method. Most of the isolates were susceptible to streptomycin, imipenem, and chloramphenicol, whereas, amoxicillin showed resistance to these isolates, and variable re...

BioMed Research International

Currently, providing nutritious food to all people is one of the greatest challenges due to rapid... more Currently, providing nutritious food to all people is one of the greatest challenges due to rapid human population growth. The global poultry industry is a part of the agrifood sector playing an essential role in food insecurity by providing nutritious meat and egg sources. However, limited meat production with less nutritional value is not fulfilling the higher market demands worldwide. Researchers are focusing on nanobiotechnology by employing phytosynthesized mineral nanomaterials to improve the growth performance and nutritional status of broilers as these mineral nanoparticles are usually absorbed in greater amounts from the gastrointestinal tract and exert enhanced biological effects in the target tissues of animals with greater tissue accumulation. These mineral nanoparticles are efficiently absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and reach essential organs via blood. As a result, it enhances growth performance and nutritional value with less toxicity and tremendous bioav...

Trehalose is a stress-response disaccharide commonly found in yeasts, bacteria, plants, and inver... more Trehalose is a stress-response disaccharide commonly found in yeasts, bacteria, plants, and invertebrates. In plants, its purpose is uncertain, but some studies suggest it protects against abiotic stressors like chilling, heat, drought, and salinity. It is an osmoprotectant and a stabilizing agent for higher animals and plants. Some trehalose metabolism mutants show growth abnormalities, which could compromise plant physiology. Biotic stress causes contradictory results as well. It is also crucial for pathogen infectivity and plant defensive response. In our opinion, trehalose should not be considered only as a defensive sugar but rather as a molecule with two identities. It is an exceptional molecule that maintains the plant's vigor despite severe environmental conditions. Arabidopsis plants have been used to treat Alzheimer's, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases. There's no doubt that what we have just learned about this disaccharide will take us down many roads we&...

BioMed Research International

The universal emphasis on the study of green nanotechnology has led to biologically harmless uses... more The universal emphasis on the study of green nanotechnology has led to biologically harmless uses of wide-ranged nanomaterials. Nanotechnology deals with the production of nanosized particles with regular morphology and properties. Various researches have been directed on nanomaterial synthesis by physical, chemical, and biological means. Understanding the safety of both environment and in vivo, a biogenic approach particularly plant-derived synthesis is the best strategy. Silver-zinc oxide nanoparticles are most effective. Moreover, these engineered nanomaterials via morphological modifications attain improved performance in antimicrobial, biomedical, environmental, and therapeutic applications. This article evaluates manufacturing strategies for silver-zinc oxide nanoparticles via plant-derived means along with highlighting their broad range of uses in bionanotechnology.

Biomedical Research and Therapy

SARS-CoV-2, a zoonotic virus, emerged in China causes Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Senior... more SARS-CoV-2, a zoonotic virus, emerged in China causes Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Senior citizens and people with co-infections, genetic diseases, immune-compromised states, and cardiovascular diseases are at higher risk. There is no approved vaccine or drug available to treat COVID-19, although a few antivirals, interferon, and other drugs have reduced viral load in infected patients. However, these drugs have not been significantly effective in European countries. More than 40 different strains of SARS-CoV-2 have been detected in various parts of the world; they might have adapted themselves to the environmental conditions and have become resistant to therapeutic strategies. Many developed and developing countries are facing shortages of surgical masks and other protection tools. So far, the strategies developed by Chinese authorities have efficiently mitigated the SARS-CoV-2 transmission and limited mortality rate to less than 4%, with more than 78,000 people recovered f...

International Journal of Agronomy

Background. Heavy metals in excessive levels are hazardous to ecosystems as they can bioaccumulat... more Background. Heavy metals in excessive levels are hazardous to ecosystems as they can bioaccumulate in organisms, have toxic effects on biota, and even cause mortality in most life forms. Methodology. The present study consists of two studies; initially, different concentrations of copper were biosorbed by using 1 gm powder of various biosorbents such as orange peels (OP), pomegranate peels (POP), and peanut peels (PP). Furthermore, the biosorbed water was used to irrigate soil when the mung beans were cultivated. The growth parameters of plants growing under induced copper stress and treated with different bioabsorbed waters were also evaluated. Results. The results revealed that, among all biosorbents, the copper biosorption capacity of orange peels was maximum (90%), followed by pomegranate peel. The results of the second experiment exhibited that the plants irrigated with biosorbed water did not show metal toxicity. A remarkable increase in shoot length, shoot fresh weight, and s...

Mechanism involved in developing Agrobacterium mediated transgenic plant for human insulin produc... more Mechanism involved in developing Agrobacterium mediated transgenic plant for human insulin production

Diagrammatic representation of protocol involved in human insulin production

BioNet Reactor used for fermentation<br>to produce human insulin

Comparative analysis of different expression systems used for production of human insulin.

Representation of mechanism involve in isolation and differentiation of various types of stem cel... more Representation of mechanism involve in isolation and differentiation of various types of stem cells to human insulin producing cells

Mechanism of producing human insulin by utilizing chain method

Asian Journal of Health Sciences, 2021

Background: Coronary vascular disease (CVD) is the premier cause of fatality in the world. In Pak... more Background: Coronary vascular disease (CVD) is the premier cause of fatality in the world. In Pakistan, 30 to 40% of all deaths occur due to CVD. The emergency department triage is carried out to prioritize the care of critical patients. Errors during triage may lead to mortality and morbidity of the patient. The current study's objective is to determine the triage process of acute myocardial infarction patients and its associated accuracy and delays during the acute myocardial infarction process of care in the emergency department. Methods: In this descriptive study, data were collected retrospectively from Shifa International Hospital. The consent was taken from participating Registered nurses (RNs) who were involved in the triage process. Nurses with experience of less than 1 year in the emergency department were not part of the study, while only those patients with symptoms indicative of Acute Myocardial Infarction and age of 21 years or older were included in the current st...

Asian Journal of Health Sciences, 2021

Background: Physical activity is one of the leading health indicators, considered an essential fa... more Background: Physical activity is one of the leading health indicators, considered an essential factor in the population's health and quality of life promotion. Physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality. Physical inactivity has been linked with chronic disease and obesity in most populations. This study aims to compare the prevalence of physical activity and overweight/obesity among students of the university. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to September 2019 on undergraduate students from different departments of Peshawar University. A sample of 377 (male n = 243, female n = 134) was taken through convenience sampling. Those individuals who were physically disabled and not willing to participate were excluded from the study. Those meeting the inclusion criteria were given the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ short form). Demographic data included age, weight, and height was self-stated by the particip...