Keith Wipke - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Keith Wipke

Recent station additions include: SMUD (BP) and White Plains, NY (Shell).

Link clean energy and and chemicals for a wide range of applications transportation, grid, indust... more Link clean energy and and chemicals for a wide range of applications transportation, grid, industry, buildings, agriculture (cross-sector coupling)

Presented at the 3rd Annual Fuel Cells Durability & Performance 2007 conference, 15-16 November 2007, Miami, Florida., Nov 15, 2007

Fuel Cell Stack Durability 2000 hours 5000 hours Vehicle Range 250+ miles 300+ miles Hydrogen Cos... more Fuel Cell Stack Durability 2000 hours 5000 hours Vehicle Range 250+ miles 300+ miles Hydrogen Cost at Station 3/gge3/gge 3/gge2-3/gge * To verify progress toward 2015 targets ** Subsequent projects to validate 2015 targets

Advanced Vehicle Technologies, 2001

System optimization is an extremely important step in the vehicle design process. Recently the Na... more System optimization is an extremely important step in the vehicle design process. Recently the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), both internally and through its subcontractors, has been actively developing and applying optimization tools to vehicle systems analysis problems associated with hybrid electric vehicles. We are applying both locally- and globally-focused optimization tools to these analysis problems. This paper describes the current status of the tools under development and the application of these tools to a specific problem. The optimization tools evaluated include FMINCON (gradient-based constrained optimization routine included in the MATLAB Optimization Toolbox), DIRECT (non-gradient based optimization routine), Response Surface Approximations and Direct Gradient-based Optimization (commercial routines available in VisualDOC 2.0 from Vanderplaats R&D). The four optimization algorithms were applied to a simple two-dimensional problem so that the solution me...

Prepared for the EVS22 Conference, 26 October 2006, Yokohama, Japan., Oct 26, 2006

Although renewable energy (excluding hydropower) is a relatively small portion of total energy su... more Although renewable energy (excluding hydropower) is a relatively small portion of total energy supply both globally and in the U.S., renewable energy installations in both the world and in the U.S. have nearly doubled between 2000 and 2007. Including hydropower, renewable energy represents 10 % of total installed capacity and nearly 9 % of total generation in the U.S. in 2007. Installed renewable energy capacity (including hydropower) is 110 gigawatts (GW). Not including hydropower, 2007 renewable electricity installed capacity has reached about 33 GW in the U.S. In the U.S., growth in sectors like wind and solar photovoltaics (PV) signify an ongoing shift in the composition of our electricity supply. In 2007, wind capacity installations grew 45 % and solar PV grew 40 % from the previous year. Key Findings, continued Worldwide, wind energy is the fastest growing renewable energy technology—between 2000 and 2006 wind energy generation worldwide quadrupled. The U.S. experienced simila...

Presentation about the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Hydrogen Secure Data Center and... more Presentation about the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Hydrogen Secure Data Center and its work with fuel cell vehicles, fuel cell early market demonstrations, and fuel cell bus demonstrations. This presentation includes results of composite data products and a summary of the analysis objectives and data flow for the projects.

for their artistic and technical contributions in preparing and publishing this report. In additi... more for their artistic and technical contributions in preparing and publishing this report. In addition, we would like to thank all our program participants for their contributions to the programs and all the authors who prepared the project abstracts that comprise this report.

Objectives • By 2009, validate hydrogen (H2) vehicles with greater than 250-mile range, 2,000-hou... more Objectives • By 2009, validate hydrogen (H2) vehicles with greater than 250-mile range, 2,000-hour fuel cell durability, and $3/gallon of gasoline equivalent (gge) hydrogen production cost. • Assist DOE in demonstrating use of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) and hydrogen infrastructure under realworld conditions (validating total system solutions for hydrogen transportation), using multiple sites, varying climates, and a variety of sources for hydrogen. • Identify current status of technology and its evolution over the 5-year project duration. • Analyze data from vehicles and infrastructure to obtain maximum value for DOE and industry from this learning demonstration. • Provide feedback and recommendations to refocus hydrogen and fuel cell research and development (R&D). • Support industry commercialization decision by 2015.

The US Department of Energy sponsored several student engineering competitions in 1993 that provi... more The US Department of Energy sponsored several student engineering competitions in 1993 that provided useful information on electric and hybrid vehicles. The electrical energy usage from these competitions has been recorded with a custom-built digital motor installed in every vehicle and used under controlled conditions. When combined with other factors, such as vehicle mass, speed, distance traveled, battery type, and the type of components, this information provides useful insight into the performance characteristics of electrics and hybrids. All the vehicles tested were either electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles in electric-only mode, and had an average energy economy of 7.0 km/kwh. Based on the performance of the "ground-up" hybrid electric vehicles in the 1993 Hybrid Electric Vehicle Challenge, data revealed a 1 km/kwh energy economy benefit for every 133 kg decrease in vehicle mass. By running all the electric vehicles at a competition in Atlanta at several different...

Presented at the Japan Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Demonstration Project (JHFC), 1 March 2011, Tokyo, ... more Presented at the Japan Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Demonstration Project (JHFC), 1 March 2011, Tokyo, Japan. This presentation summarizes the status of U.S. fuel cell electric vehicles and infrastructure learning demonstration project.

This presentation discusses analysis results for American Recovery and Reinvestment Act early mar... more This presentation discusses analysis results for American Recovery and Reinvestment Act early market fuel cell deployments and describes the objective of the project and its relevance to the Department of Energy Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program; NREL's analysis approach; technical accomplishments including publication of a fourth set of composite data products; and collaborations and future work.

This presentation summarizes findings of the fuel cell vehicle learning demonstration of the Fuel... more This presentation summarizes findings of the fuel cell vehicle learning demonstration of the Fuel Cell Technologies Program.

Previous work examined degree of hybridization on the fuel economy of a hybrid electric sport uti... more Previous work examined degree of hybridization on the fuel economy of a hybrid electric sport utility vehicle. It was observed that not only was the vehicle control strategy important, but that its definition should be coupled with the component sizing process. Both degree of hybridization and the energy management strategy have been optimized simultaneously in this study. Simple mass scaling algorithms were employed to capture the effect of component and vehicle mass variations as a function of degree of hybridization. Additionally, the benefits of regenerative braking and power buffering have been maximized using optimization methods to determine appropriate battery pack sizing. Both local and global optimization routines were applied to improve the confidence in the solution being close to the true optimum. An optimal configuration and energy management strategy that maximizes the benefit of hybridization for a hydrogen fuel cell hybrid SUV was derived. The optimal configuration ...

This report documents the key results from the DOE Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure V... more This report documents the key results from the DOE Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Validation and Demonstration project. This project is also referred to as the fuel cell vehicle and infrastructure learning demonstration.

The data analysis objectives are: (1) Independent assessment of technology, focused on fuel cell ... more The data analysis objectives are: (1) Independent assessment of technology, focused on fuel cell system and hydrogen infrastructure:performance, operation, and safety; (2) Leverage data processing and analysis capabilities from the fuel cell vehicle Learning Demonstration project and DoD Forklift Demo; (3) Establish a baseline of real-world fuel cell operation and maintenance data and identify technical/market barriers; (4) Support market growth of fuel cell technologies by reporting on technology features relevant to the business case; and (5) Report on technology to fuel cell and hydrogen communities and stakeholders.

Recent station additions include: SMUD (BP) and White Plains, NY (Shell).

Link clean energy and and chemicals for a wide range of applications transportation, grid, indust... more Link clean energy and and chemicals for a wide range of applications transportation, grid, industry, buildings, agriculture (cross-sector coupling)

Presented at the 3rd Annual Fuel Cells Durability & Performance 2007 conference, 15-16 November 2007, Miami, Florida., Nov 15, 2007

Fuel Cell Stack Durability 2000 hours 5000 hours Vehicle Range 250+ miles 300+ miles Hydrogen Cos... more Fuel Cell Stack Durability 2000 hours 5000 hours Vehicle Range 250+ miles 300+ miles Hydrogen Cost at Station 3/gge3/gge 3/gge2-3/gge * To verify progress toward 2015 targets ** Subsequent projects to validate 2015 targets

Advanced Vehicle Technologies, 2001

System optimization is an extremely important step in the vehicle design process. Recently the Na... more System optimization is an extremely important step in the vehicle design process. Recently the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), both internally and through its subcontractors, has been actively developing and applying optimization tools to vehicle systems analysis problems associated with hybrid electric vehicles. We are applying both locally- and globally-focused optimization tools to these analysis problems. This paper describes the current status of the tools under development and the application of these tools to a specific problem. The optimization tools evaluated include FMINCON (gradient-based constrained optimization routine included in the MATLAB Optimization Toolbox), DIRECT (non-gradient based optimization routine), Response Surface Approximations and Direct Gradient-based Optimization (commercial routines available in VisualDOC 2.0 from Vanderplaats R&D). The four optimization algorithms were applied to a simple two-dimensional problem so that the solution me...

Prepared for the EVS22 Conference, 26 October 2006, Yokohama, Japan., Oct 26, 2006

Although renewable energy (excluding hydropower) is a relatively small portion of total energy su... more Although renewable energy (excluding hydropower) is a relatively small portion of total energy supply both globally and in the U.S., renewable energy installations in both the world and in the U.S. have nearly doubled between 2000 and 2007. Including hydropower, renewable energy represents 10 % of total installed capacity and nearly 9 % of total generation in the U.S. in 2007. Installed renewable energy capacity (including hydropower) is 110 gigawatts (GW). Not including hydropower, 2007 renewable electricity installed capacity has reached about 33 GW in the U.S. In the U.S., growth in sectors like wind and solar photovoltaics (PV) signify an ongoing shift in the composition of our electricity supply. In 2007, wind capacity installations grew 45 % and solar PV grew 40 % from the previous year. Key Findings, continued Worldwide, wind energy is the fastest growing renewable energy technology—between 2000 and 2006 wind energy generation worldwide quadrupled. The U.S. experienced simila...

Presentation about the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Hydrogen Secure Data Center and... more Presentation about the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Hydrogen Secure Data Center and its work with fuel cell vehicles, fuel cell early market demonstrations, and fuel cell bus demonstrations. This presentation includes results of composite data products and a summary of the analysis objectives and data flow for the projects.

for their artistic and technical contributions in preparing and publishing this report. In additi... more for their artistic and technical contributions in preparing and publishing this report. In addition, we would like to thank all our program participants for their contributions to the programs and all the authors who prepared the project abstracts that comprise this report.

Objectives • By 2009, validate hydrogen (H2) vehicles with greater than 250-mile range, 2,000-hou... more Objectives • By 2009, validate hydrogen (H2) vehicles with greater than 250-mile range, 2,000-hour fuel cell durability, and $3/gallon of gasoline equivalent (gge) hydrogen production cost. • Assist DOE in demonstrating use of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) and hydrogen infrastructure under realworld conditions (validating total system solutions for hydrogen transportation), using multiple sites, varying climates, and a variety of sources for hydrogen. • Identify current status of technology and its evolution over the 5-year project duration. • Analyze data from vehicles and infrastructure to obtain maximum value for DOE and industry from this learning demonstration. • Provide feedback and recommendations to refocus hydrogen and fuel cell research and development (R&D). • Support industry commercialization decision by 2015.

The US Department of Energy sponsored several student engineering competitions in 1993 that provi... more The US Department of Energy sponsored several student engineering competitions in 1993 that provided useful information on electric and hybrid vehicles. The electrical energy usage from these competitions has been recorded with a custom-built digital motor installed in every vehicle and used under controlled conditions. When combined with other factors, such as vehicle mass, speed, distance traveled, battery type, and the type of components, this information provides useful insight into the performance characteristics of electrics and hybrids. All the vehicles tested were either electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles in electric-only mode, and had an average energy economy of 7.0 km/kwh. Based on the performance of the "ground-up" hybrid electric vehicles in the 1993 Hybrid Electric Vehicle Challenge, data revealed a 1 km/kwh energy economy benefit for every 133 kg decrease in vehicle mass. By running all the electric vehicles at a competition in Atlanta at several different...

Presented at the Japan Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Demonstration Project (JHFC), 1 March 2011, Tokyo, ... more Presented at the Japan Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Demonstration Project (JHFC), 1 March 2011, Tokyo, Japan. This presentation summarizes the status of U.S. fuel cell electric vehicles and infrastructure learning demonstration project.

This presentation discusses analysis results for American Recovery and Reinvestment Act early mar... more This presentation discusses analysis results for American Recovery and Reinvestment Act early market fuel cell deployments and describes the objective of the project and its relevance to the Department of Energy Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program; NREL's analysis approach; technical accomplishments including publication of a fourth set of composite data products; and collaborations and future work.

This presentation summarizes findings of the fuel cell vehicle learning demonstration of the Fuel... more This presentation summarizes findings of the fuel cell vehicle learning demonstration of the Fuel Cell Technologies Program.

Previous work examined degree of hybridization on the fuel economy of a hybrid electric sport uti... more Previous work examined degree of hybridization on the fuel economy of a hybrid electric sport utility vehicle. It was observed that not only was the vehicle control strategy important, but that its definition should be coupled with the component sizing process. Both degree of hybridization and the energy management strategy have been optimized simultaneously in this study. Simple mass scaling algorithms were employed to capture the effect of component and vehicle mass variations as a function of degree of hybridization. Additionally, the benefits of regenerative braking and power buffering have been maximized using optimization methods to determine appropriate battery pack sizing. Both local and global optimization routines were applied to improve the confidence in the solution being close to the true optimum. An optimal configuration and energy management strategy that maximizes the benefit of hybridization for a hydrogen fuel cell hybrid SUV was derived. The optimal configuration ...

This report documents the key results from the DOE Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure V... more This report documents the key results from the DOE Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Validation and Demonstration project. This project is also referred to as the fuel cell vehicle and infrastructure learning demonstration.

The data analysis objectives are: (1) Independent assessment of technology, focused on fuel cell ... more The data analysis objectives are: (1) Independent assessment of technology, focused on fuel cell system and hydrogen infrastructure:performance, operation, and safety; (2) Leverage data processing and analysis capabilities from the fuel cell vehicle Learning Demonstration project and DoD Forklift Demo; (3) Establish a baseline of real-world fuel cell operation and maintenance data and identify technical/market barriers; (4) Support market growth of fuel cell technologies by reporting on technology features relevant to the business case; and (5) Report on technology to fuel cell and hydrogen communities and stakeholders.