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Papers by Kellie Pendoley
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Dec 12, 2023
Original provider: Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian ... more Original provider: Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Project Originating data center Satellite Tracking and Analysis Tool (STAT) Abstract: The first Kiwisat101 satellite transmitters deployed on marine turtles in Western Austalia were attached to hawksbill turtles at Varanus Island and green turtles at Barrow Island over the summer of 2000-2001, as part of Kellie Pendoley's PhD project. In December 2013, a Pendoley Environmental team attached three modern GPS TDR ptt units to green tutles at Barrow Island. Advances in technology over the intervening 13 years is expected to result in substantial improvements in data quantity and quality relative to the turn of the century program. Supplemental information: Visit STAT's project page for additional information. This dataset is a summarized representation of the telemetry locations aggregated per species per 1-degree cell.
Endangered Species Research
PLOS ONE
To address a major knowledge gap for flatback sea turtles (Natator depressus), a species endemic ... more To address a major knowledge gap for flatback sea turtles (Natator depressus), a species endemic to Australia and considered ‘Data Deficient’ for IUCN Red List assessment, we present the first-ever skeletochronology-derived age and growth rate estimates for this species. Using a rare collection of bone samples gathered from across northern Australia, we applied skeletochronology and characterized the length-at-age relationship, established baseline growth rates from the hatchling to adult life stages, and produced empirical estimates of age-at- and size-at-sexual-maturation (ASM, SSM). We analyzed humeri from 74 flatback sea turtles ranging in body size from 6.0–96.0 cm curved carapace length (CCL), and recovered from Western Australia (n = 48), Eastern Australia (n = 13), central Australia (n = 8; Northern Territory n = 3, the Gulf of Carpentaria n = 5), and unknown locations (n = 5). We identified the onset of sexual maturity for 29 turtles, based on rapprochement growth patterns ...
Original provider: Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian ... more Original provider: Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Project Originating data center Satellite Tracking and Analysis Tool (STAT) Project partner Chevron Gorgon Project<br>Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Abstract: Flatback turtles are being tracked from Barrow Island as part of the environmental investigations underpinning Chevron's Gorgon LNG project based on the island. The first turtles to be satellite tracked in Western Australia were released from Barrow Island in 2005 and since 2006 flatback turtles have been tracked annually from Barrow.<br><br>All proceeds from the adoption program for these animals are being donated to seaturtle.org Supplemental information: Visit STAT's project page for additional information. This dataset is a summarized representation of the telemetry locations aggregated per species per 1-degree cell.
Endangered Species Research, 2018
The use of satellite systems and manned aircraft surveys for remote data collection has been show... more The use of satellite systems and manned aircraft surveys for remote data collection has been shown to be transformative for sea turtle conservation and research by enabling the collection of data on turtles and their habitats over larger areas than can be achieved by surveys on foot or by boat. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones are increasingly being adopted to gather data, at previously unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions in diverse geographic locations. This easily accessible, low-cost tool is improving existing research methods and enabling novel approaches in marine turtle ecology and conservation. Here we review the diverse ways in which incorporating inexpensive UAVs may reduce costs and field time while improving safety and data quality and quantity over existing methods for studies on turtle nesting, at-sea distribution and behaviour surveys, as well as expanding into new avenues such as surveillance against illegal take. Furthermore, we highlight the impact that high-quality aerial imagery captured by UAVs can have for public outreach and engagement. This technology does not come without challenges. We discuss the potential constraints of these systems within the ethical and legal frameworks which researchers must operate and the difficulties that can result with regard to storage and analysis of large amounts of imagery. We then suggest areas where technological development could further expand the utility of UAVs as data-gathering tools; for example, functioning as downloading nodes for data collected by sensors placed on turtles. Development of methods for the use of UAVs in sea turtle research will serve as case studies for use with other marine and terrestrial taxa.
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2013
Understanding the movements of turtle hatchings is essential for improved understanding of disper... more Understanding the movements of turtle hatchings is essential for improved understanding of dispersal behaviour and ultimately survivorship, life history strategies and population connectivity. Yet investigation of in-water movement has been hampered by the small size of hatchlings relative to the size of available tracking technologies. This has resulted in the use of labour intensive visual tracking methods, or active tracking methods with high transmitter to body weight ratios. These methods are confounded by the presence of the observer, the size of the tag, usual small treatment sample sizes and studies that are constrained to daylight hours when turtles hatch predominantly at night. Passive acoustic monitoring using new miniature tags can overcome these limitations. We tested the effectiveness of active and passive acoustic tracking in monitoring turtle hatchling movement in order to measure the influence of artificial light on newly hatched turtles once they enter the water. A Vemco VR2W Positioning System (VPS) comprising an array of 18 VR2W receivers was deployed in the surf zone to detect signals from acoustic-coded transmitters (1.14 ± 0.06% of body mass) attached to 26 flatback turtle hatchlings released into the array. A total of 1328 detections were recorded for 22 hatchlings with turtles spending a mean of 16.63 ± 5.89 min in the array. The test detection range for this technology in the surf-zone was 50-100 m and was influenced by wave noise and shallow deployment. Cyclonic conditions hampered the experiment and resulted in an inconclusive test of light effects. Three additional instrumented flatback hatchlings were followed in a small boat using a mobile acoustic receiver and directional hydrophone up to 2 km from shore. Passive acoustic monitoring is a viable technology for tracking small marine animals and removes many of the confounding effects of other telemetry methods. It has great potential to examine natural and anthropogenic factors influencing orientation and behaviour during a crucial stage in turtle life historytheir initial movement from the beach through predator-rich, near shore waters. While the data obtained by passive acoustic monitoring is limited in its spatio-temporal coverage, being constrained by the size of the array, active acoustic tracking can be applied over larger scales. Such studies will be particularly important for assessing the impacts of anthropogenic pressures that have changed the natural light, noise or wave environments and for providing behavioural data to improve and validate bio-physical models of the migration and dispersal of young turtles.
Remote. Sens., 2021
Western Australia’s remote Kimberley coastline spans multiple Traditional Owner estates. Marine t... more Western Australia’s remote Kimberley coastline spans multiple Traditional Owner estates. Marine turtle nesting distribution and abundance in Indigenous Protected Areas and newly declared Marine Parks were assessed by aerial photogrammetry surveys for the Austral summer and winter nesting seasons. Images of nesting tracks were quantified in the lab and verified by ad hoc ground patrols. The rankings of log-scaled plots of track abundance and density give guidance to regional co-management planning. Spatial and temporal differences were detected in that remoter islands had higher nesting usage and few terrestrial predators. The surveys found year-round green turtle nesting peaking in summer, as well as spatial boundaries to the summer and winter flatback stocks. Summer surveys recorded 126.2 island activities per km and 17.7 mainland activities per km. Winter surveys recorded 65.3 island activities per km and quantified a known winter mainland rookery with 888 tracks/km. The three hig...
Marine and Freshwater Research
Original provider: Kellie Pendoley Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Sate... more Original provider: Kellie Pendoley Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Project Originating data center Satellite Tracking and Analysis Tool (STAT) Project partner Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Supplemental information: Visit STAT's project page for additional information. This dataset is a summarized representation of the telemetry locations aggregated per species per 1-degree cell.
Original provider: PENV Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Track... more Original provider: PENV Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Project Originating data center Satellite Tracking and Analysis Tool (STAT) Project sponsor or sponsor description Angola LNG Abstract: The objective of this project is to track olive ridley turtles attempting to nest on Kwanda Island, Soyo Angola. The primary aim of the poject is to obtain information on internesting sites. <br><br>Kwanda Island is the site of the Angola LNG development that will treat gas from offshore wells which is currently being flared. Kwanda Island is located inside the mouth of the Congo River in northern Angola. Supplemental information: Visit STAT's project page for additional information. This dataset is a summarized representation of the telemetry locations aggregated per species per 1-degree cell.
Original provider: Pendoley Environmental Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turt... more Original provider: Pendoley Environmental Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Project Originating data center Satellite Tracking and Analysis Tool (STAT) Project partner BHP Billiton Supplemental information: Visit STAT's project page for additional information. This dataset is a summarized representation of the telemetry locations aggregated per species per 1-degree cell.
Original provider: PENV Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Track... more Original provider: PENV Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Project Originating data center Satellite Tracking and Analysis Tool (STAT) Project partner Chevron Australia, Gorgon project<br>Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Project sponsor or sponsor description Chevron Gorgon Project Abstract: Flatback turtles are being tracked from Barrow Island as part of the environmental investigations underpinning Chevron's Gorgon LNG project based on the island. The first flatback turtles to be satellite tracked in Western Australia were released from Barrow Island in 2005 and since that time flatback turtles have been tracked annually from Barrow and from Mundabullangana Station on the mainland. <br><br>All proceeds from the adoption program for these animals are being donated to seaturtle.org Supplemental information: Visit STAT's project page for additional information. This dataset is a summarized representation of the telemet...
Marine Ecology Progress Series
PREPRESS ABSTRACT: Marine turtles are threatened globally by increasing coastal development. In p... more PREPRESS ABSTRACT: Marine turtles are threatened globally by increasing coastal development. In particular, increased artificial lighting at the nesting beach has the potential to disrupt turtle breeding success. Few published data exist regarding the behaviour of the flatback turtle Natator depressus, a species endemic to Australia, in response to artificial light. Given the on-going industrialisation of the Australian coastline, this study is a timely investigation into the orientation of flatback hatchlings exposed to light glow produced by lighting typically used in industrial settings. We recorded the orientation of hatchlings at the nesting beach on Barrow Island, Western Australia, exposed to 3 types of standard lighting—high pressure sodium vapour (HPS), metal halide (MH), and fluorescent white (FW)—at 3 different intensities. The light array was positioned either behind a high dune (producing a high, dark silhouette; 16° elevation), or in a low creek bed (producing a low si...
International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, 2012
Summary A scheme for monitoring the status and trend of the flatback turtle population nesting on... more Summary A scheme for monitoring the status and trend of the flatback turtle population nesting on Barrow Island (Western Australia) has been adopted using a statistical control chart based approach. The scheme involves the annual monitoring of an ensemble of 12 key demographic parameters that were identified using a conceptual model of flatback population dynamics. Many of these parameters are derived from a comprehensive multistate capture-mark-recapture sampling program of ca. 4000 nesting turtles at the Barrow Island rookery.
Waves are thought to provide an important directional cue for hatchlings of marine turtles to nav... more Waves are thought to provide an important directional cue for hatchlings of marine turtles to navigate through the nearshore zone and to facilitate dispersal to oceanic waters. As the flatback turtle (Natator depressus) is the only species of marine turtle that lacks an oceanic juvenile stage and remains on the continental shelf throughout the entire life cycle, it is possible that hatchlings of this species do not use wave cues for early dispersal. Here, we used a wave flume to examine the response of flatback turtle hatchlings to waves as a cue for nearshore dispersal. We exposed hatchlings to two types of waves (sea and swell waves) differing in height and period commonly experienced at nesting locations and monitored swimming direction (orientation). Hatchlings oriented towards shorter period (3 s) sea waves with both small (6 cm peak to trough) and large (12 cm peak to trough) wave heights. Orientation of hatchlings to longer period (8 s) swell waves only occurred with large (1...
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Dec 12, 2023
Original provider: Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian ... more Original provider: Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Project Originating data center Satellite Tracking and Analysis Tool (STAT) Abstract: The first Kiwisat101 satellite transmitters deployed on marine turtles in Western Austalia were attached to hawksbill turtles at Varanus Island and green turtles at Barrow Island over the summer of 2000-2001, as part of Kellie Pendoley's PhD project. In December 2013, a Pendoley Environmental team attached three modern GPS TDR ptt units to green tutles at Barrow Island. Advances in technology over the intervening 13 years is expected to result in substantial improvements in data quantity and quality relative to the turn of the century program. Supplemental information: Visit STAT's project page for additional information. This dataset is a summarized representation of the telemetry locations aggregated per species per 1-degree cell.
Endangered Species Research
PLOS ONE
To address a major knowledge gap for flatback sea turtles (Natator depressus), a species endemic ... more To address a major knowledge gap for flatback sea turtles (Natator depressus), a species endemic to Australia and considered ‘Data Deficient’ for IUCN Red List assessment, we present the first-ever skeletochronology-derived age and growth rate estimates for this species. Using a rare collection of bone samples gathered from across northern Australia, we applied skeletochronology and characterized the length-at-age relationship, established baseline growth rates from the hatchling to adult life stages, and produced empirical estimates of age-at- and size-at-sexual-maturation (ASM, SSM). We analyzed humeri from 74 flatback sea turtles ranging in body size from 6.0–96.0 cm curved carapace length (CCL), and recovered from Western Australia (n = 48), Eastern Australia (n = 13), central Australia (n = 8; Northern Territory n = 3, the Gulf of Carpentaria n = 5), and unknown locations (n = 5). We identified the onset of sexual maturity for 29 turtles, based on rapprochement growth patterns ...
Original provider: Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian ... more Original provider: Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Project Originating data center Satellite Tracking and Analysis Tool (STAT) Project partner Chevron Gorgon Project<br>Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Abstract: Flatback turtles are being tracked from Barrow Island as part of the environmental investigations underpinning Chevron's Gorgon LNG project based on the island. The first turtles to be satellite tracked in Western Australia were released from Barrow Island in 2005 and since 2006 flatback turtles have been tracked annually from Barrow.<br><br>All proceeds from the adoption program for these animals are being donated to seaturtle.org Supplemental information: Visit STAT's project page for additional information. This dataset is a summarized representation of the telemetry locations aggregated per species per 1-degree cell.
Endangered Species Research, 2018
The use of satellite systems and manned aircraft surveys for remote data collection has been show... more The use of satellite systems and manned aircraft surveys for remote data collection has been shown to be transformative for sea turtle conservation and research by enabling the collection of data on turtles and their habitats over larger areas than can be achieved by surveys on foot or by boat. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones are increasingly being adopted to gather data, at previously unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions in diverse geographic locations. This easily accessible, low-cost tool is improving existing research methods and enabling novel approaches in marine turtle ecology and conservation. Here we review the diverse ways in which incorporating inexpensive UAVs may reduce costs and field time while improving safety and data quality and quantity over existing methods for studies on turtle nesting, at-sea distribution and behaviour surveys, as well as expanding into new avenues such as surveillance against illegal take. Furthermore, we highlight the impact that high-quality aerial imagery captured by UAVs can have for public outreach and engagement. This technology does not come without challenges. We discuss the potential constraints of these systems within the ethical and legal frameworks which researchers must operate and the difficulties that can result with regard to storage and analysis of large amounts of imagery. We then suggest areas where technological development could further expand the utility of UAVs as data-gathering tools; for example, functioning as downloading nodes for data collected by sensors placed on turtles. Development of methods for the use of UAVs in sea turtle research will serve as case studies for use with other marine and terrestrial taxa.
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2013
Understanding the movements of turtle hatchings is essential for improved understanding of disper... more Understanding the movements of turtle hatchings is essential for improved understanding of dispersal behaviour and ultimately survivorship, life history strategies and population connectivity. Yet investigation of in-water movement has been hampered by the small size of hatchlings relative to the size of available tracking technologies. This has resulted in the use of labour intensive visual tracking methods, or active tracking methods with high transmitter to body weight ratios. These methods are confounded by the presence of the observer, the size of the tag, usual small treatment sample sizes and studies that are constrained to daylight hours when turtles hatch predominantly at night. Passive acoustic monitoring using new miniature tags can overcome these limitations. We tested the effectiveness of active and passive acoustic tracking in monitoring turtle hatchling movement in order to measure the influence of artificial light on newly hatched turtles once they enter the water. A Vemco VR2W Positioning System (VPS) comprising an array of 18 VR2W receivers was deployed in the surf zone to detect signals from acoustic-coded transmitters (1.14 ± 0.06% of body mass) attached to 26 flatback turtle hatchlings released into the array. A total of 1328 detections were recorded for 22 hatchlings with turtles spending a mean of 16.63 ± 5.89 min in the array. The test detection range for this technology in the surf-zone was 50-100 m and was influenced by wave noise and shallow deployment. Cyclonic conditions hampered the experiment and resulted in an inconclusive test of light effects. Three additional instrumented flatback hatchlings were followed in a small boat using a mobile acoustic receiver and directional hydrophone up to 2 km from shore. Passive acoustic monitoring is a viable technology for tracking small marine animals and removes many of the confounding effects of other telemetry methods. It has great potential to examine natural and anthropogenic factors influencing orientation and behaviour during a crucial stage in turtle life historytheir initial movement from the beach through predator-rich, near shore waters. While the data obtained by passive acoustic monitoring is limited in its spatio-temporal coverage, being constrained by the size of the array, active acoustic tracking can be applied over larger scales. Such studies will be particularly important for assessing the impacts of anthropogenic pressures that have changed the natural light, noise or wave environments and for providing behavioural data to improve and validate bio-physical models of the migration and dispersal of young turtles.
Remote. Sens., 2021
Western Australia’s remote Kimberley coastline spans multiple Traditional Owner estates. Marine t... more Western Australia’s remote Kimberley coastline spans multiple Traditional Owner estates. Marine turtle nesting distribution and abundance in Indigenous Protected Areas and newly declared Marine Parks were assessed by aerial photogrammetry surveys for the Austral summer and winter nesting seasons. Images of nesting tracks were quantified in the lab and verified by ad hoc ground patrols. The rankings of log-scaled plots of track abundance and density give guidance to regional co-management planning. Spatial and temporal differences were detected in that remoter islands had higher nesting usage and few terrestrial predators. The surveys found year-round green turtle nesting peaking in summer, as well as spatial boundaries to the summer and winter flatback stocks. Summer surveys recorded 126.2 island activities per km and 17.7 mainland activities per km. Winter surveys recorded 65.3 island activities per km and quantified a known winter mainland rookery with 888 tracks/km. The three hig...
Marine and Freshwater Research
Original provider: Kellie Pendoley Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Sate... more Original provider: Kellie Pendoley Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Project Originating data center Satellite Tracking and Analysis Tool (STAT) Project partner Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Supplemental information: Visit STAT's project page for additional information. This dataset is a summarized representation of the telemetry locations aggregated per species per 1-degree cell.
Original provider: PENV Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Track... more Original provider: PENV Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Project Originating data center Satellite Tracking and Analysis Tool (STAT) Project sponsor or sponsor description Angola LNG Abstract: The objective of this project is to track olive ridley turtles attempting to nest on Kwanda Island, Soyo Angola. The primary aim of the poject is to obtain information on internesting sites. <br><br>Kwanda Island is the site of the Angola LNG development that will treat gas from offshore wells which is currently being flared. Kwanda Island is located inside the mouth of the Congo River in northern Angola. Supplemental information: Visit STAT's project page for additional information. This dataset is a summarized representation of the telemetry locations aggregated per species per 1-degree cell.
Original provider: Pendoley Environmental Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turt... more Original provider: Pendoley Environmental Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Project Originating data center Satellite Tracking and Analysis Tool (STAT) Project partner BHP Billiton Supplemental information: Visit STAT's project page for additional information. This dataset is a summarized representation of the telemetry locations aggregated per species per 1-degree cell.
Original provider: PENV Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Track... more Original provider: PENV Dataset credits: Data provider West Australian Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Project Originating data center Satellite Tracking and Analysis Tool (STAT) Project partner Chevron Australia, Gorgon project<br>Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd Project sponsor or sponsor description Chevron Gorgon Project Abstract: Flatback turtles are being tracked from Barrow Island as part of the environmental investigations underpinning Chevron's Gorgon LNG project based on the island. The first flatback turtles to be satellite tracked in Western Australia were released from Barrow Island in 2005 and since that time flatback turtles have been tracked annually from Barrow and from Mundabullangana Station on the mainland. <br><br>All proceeds from the adoption program for these animals are being donated to seaturtle.org Supplemental information: Visit STAT's project page for additional information. This dataset is a summarized representation of the telemet...
Marine Ecology Progress Series
PREPRESS ABSTRACT: Marine turtles are threatened globally by increasing coastal development. In p... more PREPRESS ABSTRACT: Marine turtles are threatened globally by increasing coastal development. In particular, increased artificial lighting at the nesting beach has the potential to disrupt turtle breeding success. Few published data exist regarding the behaviour of the flatback turtle Natator depressus, a species endemic to Australia, in response to artificial light. Given the on-going industrialisation of the Australian coastline, this study is a timely investigation into the orientation of flatback hatchlings exposed to light glow produced by lighting typically used in industrial settings. We recorded the orientation of hatchlings at the nesting beach on Barrow Island, Western Australia, exposed to 3 types of standard lighting—high pressure sodium vapour (HPS), metal halide (MH), and fluorescent white (FW)—at 3 different intensities. The light array was positioned either behind a high dune (producing a high, dark silhouette; 16° elevation), or in a low creek bed (producing a low si...
International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, 2012
Summary A scheme for monitoring the status and trend of the flatback turtle population nesting on... more Summary A scheme for monitoring the status and trend of the flatback turtle population nesting on Barrow Island (Western Australia) has been adopted using a statistical control chart based approach. The scheme involves the annual monitoring of an ensemble of 12 key demographic parameters that were identified using a conceptual model of flatback population dynamics. Many of these parameters are derived from a comprehensive multistate capture-mark-recapture sampling program of ca. 4000 nesting turtles at the Barrow Island rookery.
Waves are thought to provide an important directional cue for hatchlings of marine turtles to nav... more Waves are thought to provide an important directional cue for hatchlings of marine turtles to navigate through the nearshore zone and to facilitate dispersal to oceanic waters. As the flatback turtle (Natator depressus) is the only species of marine turtle that lacks an oceanic juvenile stage and remains on the continental shelf throughout the entire life cycle, it is possible that hatchlings of this species do not use wave cues for early dispersal. Here, we used a wave flume to examine the response of flatback turtle hatchlings to waves as a cue for nearshore dispersal. We exposed hatchlings to two types of waves (sea and swell waves) differing in height and period commonly experienced at nesting locations and monitored swimming direction (orientation). Hatchlings oriented towards shorter period (3 s) sea waves with both small (6 cm peak to trough) and large (12 cm peak to trough) wave heights. Orientation of hatchlings to longer period (8 s) swell waves only occurred with large (1...