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Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of Locus of Control in Cocaine Abusers

Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 1992

Although the course of recovery for cocaine abusers is particularly problematic, there has been l... more Although the course of recovery for cocaine abusers is particularly problematic, there has been little investigation of perceptions of control in this population. The purposes of this study were (1) to develop an instrument that would measure specific expectancies of control in cocaine abusers, and (2) to examine the relationship between specific and generalized expectancies of control in these subjects. Rotter's I-E scale and a modification of the Drinking-Related Locus of Control (DRIE) scale were administered to 40 cocaine abusers in their first week of treatment. The Modified DRIE scale demonstrated adequate internal consistency and satisfactory test-retest reliability in the sample. No significant correlation was found between the Modified DRIE scale and the I-E scale, probably because of the relatively small sample size. Further validation of the Modified DRIE scale is indicated.

Research paper thumbnail of General and specific locus of control in cocaine abusers

Journal of Substance Abuse, 1994

Although the struggle for control has been widely recognized as a central feature of addiction, i... more Although the struggle for control has been widely recognized as a central feature of addiction, information about its role in the development and maintenance of addictive behavior is limited. This study compared general and specific locus of control in three groups of cocaine abusers: (a) hospitalized subjects with no prior treatment experience, (b) hospitalized subjects with prior treatment experience, and (c) recovering cocaine abusers. Results of initial analyses of variance revealed significant group differences on both general and specific scales. Scores of recovering cocaine abusers were more internal than those of hospitalized subjects. Differences on the general scale were not significant when age was controlled. No significant differences were noted between the two groups of hospitalized subjects, but scores of hospitalized cocaine abusers made an internal shift over the course of treatment. These findings support generalizability of models previously applied to alcoholics and suggest that internality is positively correlated with recovery. Whereas the disease model of alcoholism tends to emphasize physiological factors that predispose an individual to "loss of control" drinking, more recent cognitive-behavioral models of addiction underscore the functional t:ole of drugs of abuse by outlining ways in which they are utilized to increase percep-

Research paper thumbnail of Aftercare compliance: Perceptions of people with dual diagnoses

Substance Abuse, 1998

This descriptive study was designed to learn, from the perspective of dually diagnosed inpatients... more This descriptive study was designed to learn, from the perspective of dually diagnosed inpatients, what factors affect their maintenance of an aftercare program. Ten audio-recorded focus groups were conducted using a structured interview schedule; additionally, patients participated in structured brief individual interviews, and their medical records were reviewed for demographic data and chief complaints on admission. Despite the numerous obstacles encountered by this population intrapersonally, interpersonally, environmentally, and socially, participants were able to provide (a) specific information to increase the understanding of compliance from their perspective and (b) recommendations for health care professionals to facilitate adherence to aftercare treatment plans.

Research paper thumbnail of Eye movements in cocaine abusers

Psychiatry Research, 1989

Using electro-oculography, we quantitatively investigated eye movements in nine heavy cocaine abu... more Using electro-oculography, we quantitatively investigated eye movements in nine heavy cocaine abusers and three groups of controls. Plasma levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), a major metabolite of brain norepinephrine, in cocaine abusers were reduced to an average of 53% of normal. Cocaine abusers had normal smooth pursuit, optokinetic nystagmus, vestibulo-ocular reflex, visual suppression of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, and caloric nystagmus. Data were suggestive of a significant reduction in the degree of immediate enhancement of visual-vestibulo-ocular reflex gain by magnified vision in the cocaine abusers. However, adaptive plasticity of the vestibulo-ocular reflex was normal in the cocaine abusers. These results suggest that, despite animal data linking vestibulo-ocular reflex plasticity to central norepinephrine, this neurotransmitter may not be important to plasticity in human beings.

Research paper thumbnail of Suicidality, panic disorder and psychosis in bipolar depression, depressive-mania and pure-mania

Psychiatry Research, 1997

Research paper thumbnail of Prior History of Physical and Sexual Abuse Among the Psychiatric Inpatient Population: A Comparison of Males and Females

Psychiatric Quarterly, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of Locus of Control in Cocaine Abusers

Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 1992

Although the course of recovery for cocaine abusers is particularly problematic, there has been l... more Although the course of recovery for cocaine abusers is particularly problematic, there has been little investigation of perceptions of control in this population. The purposes of this study were (1) to develop an instrument that would measure specific expectancies of control in cocaine abusers, and (2) to examine the relationship between specific and generalized expectancies of control in these subjects. Rotter's I-E scale and a modification of the Drinking-Related Locus of Control (DRIE) scale were administered to 40 cocaine abusers in their first week of treatment. The Modified DRIE scale demonstrated adequate internal consistency and satisfactory test-retest reliability in the sample. No significant correlation was found between the Modified DRIE scale and the I-E scale, probably because of the relatively small sample size. Further validation of the Modified DRIE scale is indicated.

Research paper thumbnail of Treatment of bipolar depression with carbamazepine: Results of an open study

Biological Psychiatry, 1996

Research paper thumbnail of Acute Mental Illness and Comorbid Substance Abuse: Physician???Patient Agreement on Comorbid Diagnosis and Treatment Implications

Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment, 2002

Research paper thumbnail of A Comparison Between Patients Diagnosed With Bipolar Disorder With Versus Without Comorbid Substance Abuse

Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment, 2010

Close Window. Close Window. Thank you for choosing to subscribe to the eTOC for Addictive Disorde... more Close Window. Close Window. Thank you for choosing to subscribe to the eTOC for Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment. Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but ...

Research paper thumbnail of Is Schizoaffective Disorder a Stable Diagnostic Category: A Retrospective Examination

Psychiatric Quarterly, Feb 1, 2004

Debate continues about whether clear nosologic boundaries can be drawn between schizoaffective di... more Debate continues about whether clear nosologic boundaries can be drawn between schizoaffective disorder (SA), schizophrenia (SP), and bipolar disorder (BPD). This study attempted to clarify these boundaries. A retrospective review of the records of adult psychiatric inpatients with DSM-IV diagnoses of SA (n = 96), SP (n = 245), and BPD (n = 203) was conducted. Patients were assessed at admission and discharge using standardized rating scales (completed by physicians and nurses) and self-report inventories. Differential improvement over time also was examined. Significant differences were found for gender, legal status at admission, age, LOS, episode number, and ethnicity. Overall, SA was rated by clinicians as intermediate between SP and BPD, although SA rated themselves as the most severe. SA was similar to SP on positive symptoms, intermediate on negative symptoms, and similar to BPD on moodand distress-related symptoms. Independent of diagnosis, differences in change scores from admission to discharge were related to severity level at admission.

Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of Locus of Control in Cocaine Abusers

Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 1992

Although the course of recovery for cocaine abusers is particularly problematic, there has been l... more Although the course of recovery for cocaine abusers is particularly problematic, there has been little investigation of perceptions of control in this population. The purposes of this study were (1) to develop an instrument that would measure specific expectancies of control in cocaine abusers, and (2) to examine the relationship between specific and generalized expectancies of control in these subjects. Rotter's I-E scale and a modification of the Drinking-Related Locus of Control (DRIE) scale were administered to 40 cocaine abusers in their first week of treatment. The Modified DRIE scale demonstrated adequate internal consistency and satisfactory test-retest reliability in the sample. No significant correlation was found between the Modified DRIE scale and the I-E scale, probably because of the relatively small sample size. Further validation of the Modified DRIE scale is indicated.

Research paper thumbnail of General and specific locus of control in cocaine abusers

Journal of Substance Abuse, 1994

Although the struggle for control has been widely recognized as a central feature of addiction, i... more Although the struggle for control has been widely recognized as a central feature of addiction, information about its role in the development and maintenance of addictive behavior is limited. This study compared general and specific locus of control in three groups of cocaine abusers: (a) hospitalized subjects with no prior treatment experience, (b) hospitalized subjects with prior treatment experience, and (c) recovering cocaine abusers. Results of initial analyses of variance revealed significant group differences on both general and specific scales. Scores of recovering cocaine abusers were more internal than those of hospitalized subjects. Differences on the general scale were not significant when age was controlled. No significant differences were noted between the two groups of hospitalized subjects, but scores of hospitalized cocaine abusers made an internal shift over the course of treatment. These findings support generalizability of models previously applied to alcoholics and suggest that internality is positively correlated with recovery. Whereas the disease model of alcoholism tends to emphasize physiological factors that predispose an individual to "loss of control" drinking, more recent cognitive-behavioral models of addiction underscore the functional t:ole of drugs of abuse by outlining ways in which they are utilized to increase percep-

Research paper thumbnail of Aftercare compliance: Perceptions of people with dual diagnoses

Substance Abuse, 1998

This descriptive study was designed to learn, from the perspective of dually diagnosed inpatients... more This descriptive study was designed to learn, from the perspective of dually diagnosed inpatients, what factors affect their maintenance of an aftercare program. Ten audio-recorded focus groups were conducted using a structured interview schedule; additionally, patients participated in structured brief individual interviews, and their medical records were reviewed for demographic data and chief complaints on admission. Despite the numerous obstacles encountered by this population intrapersonally, interpersonally, environmentally, and socially, participants were able to provide (a) specific information to increase the understanding of compliance from their perspective and (b) recommendations for health care professionals to facilitate adherence to aftercare treatment plans.

Research paper thumbnail of Eye movements in cocaine abusers

Psychiatry Research, 1989

Using electro-oculography, we quantitatively investigated eye movements in nine heavy cocaine abu... more Using electro-oculography, we quantitatively investigated eye movements in nine heavy cocaine abusers and three groups of controls. Plasma levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), a major metabolite of brain norepinephrine, in cocaine abusers were reduced to an average of 53% of normal. Cocaine abusers had normal smooth pursuit, optokinetic nystagmus, vestibulo-ocular reflex, visual suppression of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, and caloric nystagmus. Data were suggestive of a significant reduction in the degree of immediate enhancement of visual-vestibulo-ocular reflex gain by magnified vision in the cocaine abusers. However, adaptive plasticity of the vestibulo-ocular reflex was normal in the cocaine abusers. These results suggest that, despite animal data linking vestibulo-ocular reflex plasticity to central norepinephrine, this neurotransmitter may not be important to plasticity in human beings.

Research paper thumbnail of Suicidality, panic disorder and psychosis in bipolar depression, depressive-mania and pure-mania

Psychiatry Research, 1997

Research paper thumbnail of Prior History of Physical and Sexual Abuse Among the Psychiatric Inpatient Population: A Comparison of Males and Females

Psychiatric Quarterly, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of Locus of Control in Cocaine Abusers

Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 1992

Although the course of recovery for cocaine abusers is particularly problematic, there has been l... more Although the course of recovery for cocaine abusers is particularly problematic, there has been little investigation of perceptions of control in this population. The purposes of this study were (1) to develop an instrument that would measure specific expectancies of control in cocaine abusers, and (2) to examine the relationship between specific and generalized expectancies of control in these subjects. Rotter's I-E scale and a modification of the Drinking-Related Locus of Control (DRIE) scale were administered to 40 cocaine abusers in their first week of treatment. The Modified DRIE scale demonstrated adequate internal consistency and satisfactory test-retest reliability in the sample. No significant correlation was found between the Modified DRIE scale and the I-E scale, probably because of the relatively small sample size. Further validation of the Modified DRIE scale is indicated.

Research paper thumbnail of Treatment of bipolar depression with carbamazepine: Results of an open study

Biological Psychiatry, 1996

Research paper thumbnail of Acute Mental Illness and Comorbid Substance Abuse: Physician???Patient Agreement on Comorbid Diagnosis and Treatment Implications

Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment, 2002

Research paper thumbnail of A Comparison Between Patients Diagnosed With Bipolar Disorder With Versus Without Comorbid Substance Abuse

Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment, 2010

Close Window. Close Window. Thank you for choosing to subscribe to the eTOC for Addictive Disorde... more Close Window. Close Window. Thank you for choosing to subscribe to the eTOC for Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment. Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but ...

Research paper thumbnail of Is Schizoaffective Disorder a Stable Diagnostic Category: A Retrospective Examination

Psychiatric Quarterly, Feb 1, 2004

Debate continues about whether clear nosologic boundaries can be drawn between schizoaffective di... more Debate continues about whether clear nosologic boundaries can be drawn between schizoaffective disorder (SA), schizophrenia (SP), and bipolar disorder (BPD). This study attempted to clarify these boundaries. A retrospective review of the records of adult psychiatric inpatients with DSM-IV diagnoses of SA (n = 96), SP (n = 245), and BPD (n = 203) was conducted. Patients were assessed at admission and discharge using standardized rating scales (completed by physicians and nurses) and self-report inventories. Differential improvement over time also was examined. Significant differences were found for gender, legal status at admission, age, LOS, episode number, and ethnicity. Overall, SA was rated by clinicians as intermediate between SP and BPD, although SA rated themselves as the most severe. SA was similar to SP on positive symptoms, intermediate on negative symptoms, and similar to BPD on moodand distress-related symptoms. Independent of diagnosis, differences in change scores from admission to discharge were related to severity level at admission.