Khai Lin Chong - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Khai Lin Chong
Journal of Governance and Development (JGD)
has led to the existence of an internet dependence dilemma (internet addiction) which leads to th... more has led to the existence of an internet dependence dilemma (internet addiction) which leads to their low efficiency, lack of interest andmotivation, postponing important academic tasks and jobs, and causing academic delays. This study was conducted to investigatethe relationship of between particular factors contributing to internet addiction namely anxiety, depression, self-control and internetaddiction itself with academic procrastination among undergraduate students from UUM College of Business (COB). This study is included 370 UUM COB undergraduate students by using questionnaire to collect data and data analysis is conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Descriptive analysis, reliability test, normality test, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted to identifying relationship between independent variables and dependent variable. Results showed anxiety was found a significant relationship with academic procras...
10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
This paper describes a project that involves the establishment of a living laboratory to transfor... more This paper describes a project that involves the establishment of a living laboratory to transform an abandoned tin mining lake through sustainable fish farming in Kampar, Perak. Accordingly, this project will embark on a mission to empower the community in Kampar for freshwater fish farming to meet the rising demands on high quality seafood products in Malaysia. For this purpose, it is highly imperative that the freshwater fish farmers in the community are equipped with the technology and knowledge to ensure that their product reaches the highest quality and safety standards, and thus enabling the community to improve their livelihood and economic well-being in the long run. The living laboratory project will be located in an abandoned tin mining lake on UTAR Kampar campus, and the community will be given training by participating universities. Consequently, this project is expected to benefit 12 participants within the B40 community in Kampar district, who will be recruited to attend a series of training with all partner universities (UUM, UMT, UTAR & UPSI).
10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Managing the variation order cost of projects is a challenge in most countries around the world. ... more Managing the variation order cost of projects is a challenge in most countries around the world. Each year, there is a huge amount paid in variation orders, which has burdened approved budgets with extra costs. The most likely consequences of this issue are the delay of the handovers of projects and the increase in the total costs of the projects. Moreover, this issue places a more significant burden on the approved budgets from the government and consequently may withhold the stakeholders from the project's main benefits. This paper highlights the Scope Management Review tool for controlling variation order cost in government projects in the Sultanate of Oman. The tool is an output of mixed-method research to investigate and explore the relationship between the variation order costs and project management success factors to develop an effective framework to manage project scope in government projects in the Sultanate of Oman. More than 200 questionnaires were distributed to project department employees in the government ministries, and a total of eight managers in the project departments were interviewed. The Scope Management Review tool is part of the framework developed in this research, which may be used as a control measure to manage the size of the variation order costs in future projects. The government project management system is a critical field, which requires more attention due to its massive amount of expenses and the need for improvements based on the context of respective countries.
Universiti Utara Malaysia, 2020
Natural disaster always happens and is an increasing phenomenon that affecting people globally. D... more Natural disaster always happens and is an increasing phenomenon that affecting people globally. Disaster is the tragedy of a natural or human-made hazard, where the hazard is a situation which poses a level of threat to life, health, property, or environment that negatively affects society or environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to know the effectiveness of education of disaster among children using the gamification technique. By using a quantitative research method, the data is collected through the questionnaire. The respondent involved 28 students, consist of standards 4 and 5 from SK Felda Bukit Tangga. The data from this study is analyzed using SPSS. All the data have been analyzed with descriptive analysis only. Future research needs to involve more respondents to enrich the data and maybe can use another test of data to produce more accurate results.
Ekoloji, 2019
Ecological theory emphasizes headwater streams and wetlands as hotspots for metabolism of terrest... more Ecological theory emphasizes headwater streams and wetlands as hotspots for metabolism of terrestrially derived organic matter and biogeochemical transformations. Time of concentration Tc is defined as the wave travel time from the most hydraulically remote point to the point of study. Tc is an important element in hydrological studies, especially in drainage system designs and the estimations of flood arrival time. The common approach in the estimation of Tc is based on Kinematic Wave (KW) approximation for both overland flow and river routing. This approximation, however, may not be appropriate on a flood plain with inundations. The main objective of this study is to propose the estimation of Tc with Diffusive Wave (DW) approximation considering the effect of flood inundation. The proposed method is demonstrated in the Kelantan River basin, Malaysia, focusing on a severe flood event in December 2014. This study compares the estimated Tc with other estimations based a Rainfall-Runo...
For construction stakeholders to fully embrace sustainability, its long-term benefits and associa... more For construction stakeholders to fully embrace sustainability, its long-term benefits and associated risks need to be identified through holistic approaches. Consensus among key stakeholders is very important to the improvement of the ecological performance of industrialized building systems (IBS), a building construction method gaining momentum in Malaysia. Sustainable construction has become an increasing concern in the Malaysian construction industry nowadays. One of the approach by the Malaysian Government to enhance the ecology or sustainability is through the implementation of IBS in the construction projects. IBS has been introduced in Malaysia since year 1960s and many industries players and academics acknowledge the advantages of IBS. Nevertheless, there have several obstacles faced in order to increase the implementation of IBS and most of the obstacles are rooted from the issues of readiness. To change from conventional or traditional method to a modern method of construc...
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2018
Drivers prefer an effective airport wayfinding system in airport areas to navigate easily. In man... more Drivers prefer an effective airport wayfinding system in airport areas to navigate easily. In many cases, drivers experience most difficulties to understand a complete wayfinding process which stimulates a distraction while driving. The purpose of this study is to investigate the wayfinding and signage provisions, sensitivity of driving behavior and road safety. A driving simulator to simplify the airport navigation was developed. Three scenario types were designed to provide a variety of driving situations and complexity of the road designs to the airport. The complexity of wayfinding with the assorted road furniture such as signage adverts and street lights also were included. Experience car drivers who held valid UK driving license were asked to drive simulated routes. Fifteen drivers in range of age 50-54, 55-59 and over 60 years were selected to perform the study. Participants drove for approximately 20 minutes to complete the simulated driving. The types of errors (parameter) of simulated driving were identified: risk of collisions, exceed the speed limit, traffic light tickets, centerline crossings and road edge excursions. The drivers' performance and parameter were compared to the age group. Results were analyzed by ANOVA and discussed with reference to the use of driving simulator.
A community is the first respondent to the disaster area. The approach for disaster and community... more A community is the first respondent to the disaster area. The approach for disaster and community risk in all of its stage are prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. The University Utara Malaysia (UUM) students are the future leader of the country and a member of the population of human beings. Students have to understand their own responsivity when disaster happens. The main factor for lack of sustainability local community is lack effective participation and capacity building. This study aims to explore the current knowledge of disaster and community risk and to identify the knowledge of disaster and community risk among UUM students. The data was collected through literature review and interview with UUM students. The result of the interview show the level knowledge of disaster and community risk of UUM students. Since this is a preliminary study and limited time, more empirical works need to be done to explore more knowledge of disaster and community risk. For future research, developing a workshop or program to introduce disaster risk reduction knowledge to make a culture in University.
Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering), 2017
Time of concentration Tc is defined as the wave travel time from the most hydraulically remote po... more Time of concentration Tc is defined as the wave travel time from the most hydraulically remote point to the point of study. Tc is an important element in hydrological studies, especially in drainage system designs and the estimations of flood arrival time. The common approach in the estimation of Tc is based on Kinematic Wave (KW) approximation for both overland flow and river routing. This approximation, however, may not be appropriate on a flood plain with inundations. The main objective of this study is to propose the estimation of Tc with Diffusive Wave (DW) approximation considering the effect of flood inundation. The proposed method is demonstrated in the Kelantan River basin, Malaysia, focusing on a severe flood event in December 2014. This study compares the estimated Tc with other estimations based a Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation simulation and with a simple correlation method between rainfall amount in different durations and peak river discharges. In consequence, the proposed method with DW approximation with flood inundation showed closer estimations of Tc by the other two methods.
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2017
Resilience encompasses both the principles of preparedness and reaction within the dynamic system... more Resilience encompasses both the principles of preparedness and reaction within the dynamic systems and focuses responses on bridging the gap between pre-disaster activities and post-disaster intervention and among structural/non-structural mitigation. Central to this concept is the ability of the affected communities to recover their livelihood and inculcating necessary safety practices during the disaster and after the disaster strikes. While these ability and practices are important to improve the community safety and resilience, such factors will not be effective unless the awareness is present among the community. There have been studies conducted highlighting the role of education in providing awareness for disaster safety and resilience from a very young age. However for Malaysia, these area of research has not been fully explored and developed based on the specific situational and geographical factors of high-risk flood disaster locations. This paper explores the importance of disaster education program in Malaysia and develops into preliminary research project which primary aim is to design a flood disaster education pilot program in Kampung Karangan Primary School, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Post disaster reconstruction is complex, dynamic and chaotic in nature and as such represents man... more Post disaster reconstruction is complex, dynamic and chaotic in nature and as such represents many challenges because it is unlike normal construction. However, the time scale of reconstruction is shorter than the normal construction, but it often deals with uncertainties and the scale of the construction activities required is relatively high. After a disaster impacts a country, many governments, institutions and aid organizations cooperate and involved with the reconstruction process. This is seen as a tool for applying policies and programs designed to remedy the weakness in developmental policies, infrastructure and institutional arrangements. This paper reports a part of an on-going research on post-disaster housing reconstruction in Malaysia. An extensive literature review and pilot interviews were undertaken to establish the factors that contribute to the delay in post-disaster reconstruction project. Accordingly, this paper takes the perspective of recovery from non-government organization (NGO) a...
Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2015
This paper presents a study of green buildings implementation from the perspective of housing dev... more This paper presents a study of green buildings implementation from the perspective of housing developers. The agenda of green buildings is to preserve all natures from the destruction by human activities. However, not many of house owners know that their houses are degraded and produced CO 2 , roughly 10 to 30 tonnes annually. This means that our houses are one of the causes of the global warming and environmental pollution. Therefore, the green building concept for green residential is an alternative effort to decrease the effects of CO 2. Green residential means applying the houses with a minimum energy, water and natural resources that provide good air quality and reduce wastes. This qualitative study aims to explore the perceptions of housing developers towards green residential development. Presently, the demand for green residential is very low because buyers hesitate to pay 30% more costs for a green residential than a conventional house. The data collections for the study area are throughout face-to-face semi-structured interviews, photo collections, and some observations with housing developers. There are twenty-two respondents involved during the data collection period from two home and property exhibitions. The study finds that 77% of respondents are aware of the green residential concept. The other 23% of respondents realize about the green residential concept and the perceived benefits but indistinguishable. Government roles are significantly crucial for flourishing the development of green building and technologies into the housing projects.
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2018
Over a past few decades, the topic on disasters is always been discussed around the world until t... more Over a past few decades, the topic on disasters is always been discussed around the world until today. Disasters are not natural in some cases. It can be prevented before a hazard resulted into a destructive disaster. As we can see within this few years, the disasters are happening widely around Malaysia, such as the floods during the Northeast Monsoon season. The awareness of people must be raised to enhance and increase the knowledge and information on disasters. This study focusses on the level of knowledge on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) among PETRONAS students in order to increase the understanding regarding DRR and explore a method to come out with a suitable program that can enhance the awareness of DRR in UUM. Data gathered from 235 DPP PETRONAS students from different college via a questionnaire survey and the result is test by SPSS v.24 statistical technique. The reliability analysis revealed that there was significant among 14 items which has been test, Cronbach's Alpha = 0.834. Since this is a preliminary study on awareness of DRR among students in DPP PETRONAS, further research can be done within a larger scope of population to enhance the result of the study.
Journal of Governance and Development (JGD)
has led to the existence of an internet dependence dilemma (internet addiction) which leads to th... more has led to the existence of an internet dependence dilemma (internet addiction) which leads to their low efficiency, lack of interest andmotivation, postponing important academic tasks and jobs, and causing academic delays. This study was conducted to investigatethe relationship of between particular factors contributing to internet addiction namely anxiety, depression, self-control and internetaddiction itself with academic procrastination among undergraduate students from UUM College of Business (COB). This study is included 370 UUM COB undergraduate students by using questionnaire to collect data and data analysis is conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Descriptive analysis, reliability test, normality test, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted to identifying relationship between independent variables and dependent variable. Results showed anxiety was found a significant relationship with academic procras...
10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
This paper describes a project that involves the establishment of a living laboratory to transfor... more This paper describes a project that involves the establishment of a living laboratory to transform an abandoned tin mining lake through sustainable fish farming in Kampar, Perak. Accordingly, this project will embark on a mission to empower the community in Kampar for freshwater fish farming to meet the rising demands on high quality seafood products in Malaysia. For this purpose, it is highly imperative that the freshwater fish farmers in the community are equipped with the technology and knowledge to ensure that their product reaches the highest quality and safety standards, and thus enabling the community to improve their livelihood and economic well-being in the long run. The living laboratory project will be located in an abandoned tin mining lake on UTAR Kampar campus, and the community will be given training by participating universities. Consequently, this project is expected to benefit 12 participants within the B40 community in Kampar district, who will be recruited to attend a series of training with all partner universities (UUM, UMT, UTAR & UPSI).
10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Managing the variation order cost of projects is a challenge in most countries around the world. ... more Managing the variation order cost of projects is a challenge in most countries around the world. Each year, there is a huge amount paid in variation orders, which has burdened approved budgets with extra costs. The most likely consequences of this issue are the delay of the handovers of projects and the increase in the total costs of the projects. Moreover, this issue places a more significant burden on the approved budgets from the government and consequently may withhold the stakeholders from the project's main benefits. This paper highlights the Scope Management Review tool for controlling variation order cost in government projects in the Sultanate of Oman. The tool is an output of mixed-method research to investigate and explore the relationship between the variation order costs and project management success factors to develop an effective framework to manage project scope in government projects in the Sultanate of Oman. More than 200 questionnaires were distributed to project department employees in the government ministries, and a total of eight managers in the project departments were interviewed. The Scope Management Review tool is part of the framework developed in this research, which may be used as a control measure to manage the size of the variation order costs in future projects. The government project management system is a critical field, which requires more attention due to its massive amount of expenses and the need for improvements based on the context of respective countries.
Universiti Utara Malaysia, 2020
Natural disaster always happens and is an increasing phenomenon that affecting people globally. D... more Natural disaster always happens and is an increasing phenomenon that affecting people globally. Disaster is the tragedy of a natural or human-made hazard, where the hazard is a situation which poses a level of threat to life, health, property, or environment that negatively affects society or environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to know the effectiveness of education of disaster among children using the gamification technique. By using a quantitative research method, the data is collected through the questionnaire. The respondent involved 28 students, consist of standards 4 and 5 from SK Felda Bukit Tangga. The data from this study is analyzed using SPSS. All the data have been analyzed with descriptive analysis only. Future research needs to involve more respondents to enrich the data and maybe can use another test of data to produce more accurate results.
Ekoloji, 2019
Ecological theory emphasizes headwater streams and wetlands as hotspots for metabolism of terrest... more Ecological theory emphasizes headwater streams and wetlands as hotspots for metabolism of terrestrially derived organic matter and biogeochemical transformations. Time of concentration Tc is defined as the wave travel time from the most hydraulically remote point to the point of study. Tc is an important element in hydrological studies, especially in drainage system designs and the estimations of flood arrival time. The common approach in the estimation of Tc is based on Kinematic Wave (KW) approximation for both overland flow and river routing. This approximation, however, may not be appropriate on a flood plain with inundations. The main objective of this study is to propose the estimation of Tc with Diffusive Wave (DW) approximation considering the effect of flood inundation. The proposed method is demonstrated in the Kelantan River basin, Malaysia, focusing on a severe flood event in December 2014. This study compares the estimated Tc with other estimations based a Rainfall-Runo...
For construction stakeholders to fully embrace sustainability, its long-term benefits and associa... more For construction stakeholders to fully embrace sustainability, its long-term benefits and associated risks need to be identified through holistic approaches. Consensus among key stakeholders is very important to the improvement of the ecological performance of industrialized building systems (IBS), a building construction method gaining momentum in Malaysia. Sustainable construction has become an increasing concern in the Malaysian construction industry nowadays. One of the approach by the Malaysian Government to enhance the ecology or sustainability is through the implementation of IBS in the construction projects. IBS has been introduced in Malaysia since year 1960s and many industries players and academics acknowledge the advantages of IBS. Nevertheless, there have several obstacles faced in order to increase the implementation of IBS and most of the obstacles are rooted from the issues of readiness. To change from conventional or traditional method to a modern method of construc...
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2018
Drivers prefer an effective airport wayfinding system in airport areas to navigate easily. In man... more Drivers prefer an effective airport wayfinding system in airport areas to navigate easily. In many cases, drivers experience most difficulties to understand a complete wayfinding process which stimulates a distraction while driving. The purpose of this study is to investigate the wayfinding and signage provisions, sensitivity of driving behavior and road safety. A driving simulator to simplify the airport navigation was developed. Three scenario types were designed to provide a variety of driving situations and complexity of the road designs to the airport. The complexity of wayfinding with the assorted road furniture such as signage adverts and street lights also were included. Experience car drivers who held valid UK driving license were asked to drive simulated routes. Fifteen drivers in range of age 50-54, 55-59 and over 60 years were selected to perform the study. Participants drove for approximately 20 minutes to complete the simulated driving. The types of errors (parameter) of simulated driving were identified: risk of collisions, exceed the speed limit, traffic light tickets, centerline crossings and road edge excursions. The drivers' performance and parameter were compared to the age group. Results were analyzed by ANOVA and discussed with reference to the use of driving simulator.
A community is the first respondent to the disaster area. The approach for disaster and community... more A community is the first respondent to the disaster area. The approach for disaster and community risk in all of its stage are prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. The University Utara Malaysia (UUM) students are the future leader of the country and a member of the population of human beings. Students have to understand their own responsivity when disaster happens. The main factor for lack of sustainability local community is lack effective participation and capacity building. This study aims to explore the current knowledge of disaster and community risk and to identify the knowledge of disaster and community risk among UUM students. The data was collected through literature review and interview with UUM students. The result of the interview show the level knowledge of disaster and community risk of UUM students. Since this is a preliminary study and limited time, more empirical works need to be done to explore more knowledge of disaster and community risk. For future research, developing a workshop or program to introduce disaster risk reduction knowledge to make a culture in University.
Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering), 2017
Time of concentration Tc is defined as the wave travel time from the most hydraulically remote po... more Time of concentration Tc is defined as the wave travel time from the most hydraulically remote point to the point of study. Tc is an important element in hydrological studies, especially in drainage system designs and the estimations of flood arrival time. The common approach in the estimation of Tc is based on Kinematic Wave (KW) approximation for both overland flow and river routing. This approximation, however, may not be appropriate on a flood plain with inundations. The main objective of this study is to propose the estimation of Tc with Diffusive Wave (DW) approximation considering the effect of flood inundation. The proposed method is demonstrated in the Kelantan River basin, Malaysia, focusing on a severe flood event in December 2014. This study compares the estimated Tc with other estimations based a Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation simulation and with a simple correlation method between rainfall amount in different durations and peak river discharges. In consequence, the proposed method with DW approximation with flood inundation showed closer estimations of Tc by the other two methods.
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2017
Resilience encompasses both the principles of preparedness and reaction within the dynamic system... more Resilience encompasses both the principles of preparedness and reaction within the dynamic systems and focuses responses on bridging the gap between pre-disaster activities and post-disaster intervention and among structural/non-structural mitigation. Central to this concept is the ability of the affected communities to recover their livelihood and inculcating necessary safety practices during the disaster and after the disaster strikes. While these ability and practices are important to improve the community safety and resilience, such factors will not be effective unless the awareness is present among the community. There have been studies conducted highlighting the role of education in providing awareness for disaster safety and resilience from a very young age. However for Malaysia, these area of research has not been fully explored and developed based on the specific situational and geographical factors of high-risk flood disaster locations. This paper explores the importance of disaster education program in Malaysia and develops into preliminary research project which primary aim is to design a flood disaster education pilot program in Kampung Karangan Primary School, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Post disaster reconstruction is complex, dynamic and chaotic in nature and as such represents man... more Post disaster reconstruction is complex, dynamic and chaotic in nature and as such represents many challenges because it is unlike normal construction. However, the time scale of reconstruction is shorter than the normal construction, but it often deals with uncertainties and the scale of the construction activities required is relatively high. After a disaster impacts a country, many governments, institutions and aid organizations cooperate and involved with the reconstruction process. This is seen as a tool for applying policies and programs designed to remedy the weakness in developmental policies, infrastructure and institutional arrangements. This paper reports a part of an on-going research on post-disaster housing reconstruction in Malaysia. An extensive literature review and pilot interviews were undertaken to establish the factors that contribute to the delay in post-disaster reconstruction project. Accordingly, this paper takes the perspective of recovery from non-government organization (NGO) a...
Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2015
This paper presents a study of green buildings implementation from the perspective of housing dev... more This paper presents a study of green buildings implementation from the perspective of housing developers. The agenda of green buildings is to preserve all natures from the destruction by human activities. However, not many of house owners know that their houses are degraded and produced CO 2 , roughly 10 to 30 tonnes annually. This means that our houses are one of the causes of the global warming and environmental pollution. Therefore, the green building concept for green residential is an alternative effort to decrease the effects of CO 2. Green residential means applying the houses with a minimum energy, water and natural resources that provide good air quality and reduce wastes. This qualitative study aims to explore the perceptions of housing developers towards green residential development. Presently, the demand for green residential is very low because buyers hesitate to pay 30% more costs for a green residential than a conventional house. The data collections for the study area are throughout face-to-face semi-structured interviews, photo collections, and some observations with housing developers. There are twenty-two respondents involved during the data collection period from two home and property exhibitions. The study finds that 77% of respondents are aware of the green residential concept. The other 23% of respondents realize about the green residential concept and the perceived benefits but indistinguishable. Government roles are significantly crucial for flourishing the development of green building and technologies into the housing projects.
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2018
Over a past few decades, the topic on disasters is always been discussed around the world until t... more Over a past few decades, the topic on disasters is always been discussed around the world until today. Disasters are not natural in some cases. It can be prevented before a hazard resulted into a destructive disaster. As we can see within this few years, the disasters are happening widely around Malaysia, such as the floods during the Northeast Monsoon season. The awareness of people must be raised to enhance and increase the knowledge and information on disasters. This study focusses on the level of knowledge on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) among PETRONAS students in order to increase the understanding regarding DRR and explore a method to come out with a suitable program that can enhance the awareness of DRR in UUM. Data gathered from 235 DPP PETRONAS students from different college via a questionnaire survey and the result is test by SPSS v.24 statistical technique. The reliability analysis revealed that there was significant among 14 items which has been test, Cronbach's Alpha = 0.834. Since this is a preliminary study on awareness of DRR among students in DPP PETRONAS, further research can be done within a larger scope of population to enhance the result of the study.