Kishan Sharma - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Kishan Sharma

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, Jul 12, 2023

Resistance to antimicrobial drugs among bacterial pathogens is an emerging problem. Bacterial res... more Resistance to antimicrobial drugs among bacterial pathogens is an emerging problem. Bacterial resistance to betalactam antibiotics has grown significantly. The present study aims at isolation, identification, phenotypic confirmation of ESBL-producer, and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from poultry faecal samples. A total of 120 samples were collected from 30 different poultry farms in Banaskantha district. 108 out of 120 samples were confirmed as E. coli using microscopic, biochemical tests, followed by species-specific 16S rRNA PCR; among them, broiler 65 (92.85%) and layer 43 (86%) were confirmed as E. coli. The phenotypic ESBL-production was detected in 54 (50%) isolates with broiler (29.62%) and layer (20.28%) farms. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern revealed the highest resistance was identified against Cefpodoxime 100%, followed by Tetracycline 97.22%, Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid 95.37%, Nalidixic Acid 94.44%, Enrofloxacin 91.66%, Co-trimaxazole 90.74%, Ampicillin 78.70% and Amikacin 57.40%. The 95.37% and 77.77% isolates showed susceptibility to Imipenem and Cefoxitin, respectively. Thus, it may be concluded that in the current study, isolates revealed multidrug resistance against antimicrobial agents commonly used in veterinary and human practice. This implies that the existing practice of misuse and improper use of antibiotics in poultry accelerates antimicrobial resistance in poultry.

International journal of chemical studies, Nov 1, 2020

Bacterization of soybean seeds with 10 isolates of fluorescent Pseudomonas isolated from rhizosph... more Bacterization of soybean seeds with 10 isolates of fluorescent Pseudomonas isolated from rhizospheric soil of different crop plants derived from different locations of Bastar and Bilaspur districts of Chhattisgarh resulted in increased seed germination and growth (in terms of length of root and shoot) over control. Fluorescent Pseudomonas 9704 increased seed germination reduced seedling mortality and improved plant growth promotion in soybean (CG-SOYA-1) seedlings on seed germination paper under lab conditions.

International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2017

To know the field performance of selected phytoproduct, phytoextracts, fungicides and insecticide... more To know the field performance of selected phytoproduct, phytoextracts, fungicides and insecticide against powdery mildew disease the field experiment was conducted at N. M. College of Agriculture Farm during late Rabi season of the year 2014-15 and 2015-16. The results showed that hexaconazole @ 0.005% recorded highest per cent disease control (92.48 %) of powdery mildew followed by wettable sulphur @ 0.2% (87.21 %), triazophos @ 0.05% (79.68 %) and trifloxystrobin 25% w/w + tebuconazole 50% w/w @ 0.5% (78.86 %). Whereas, Cassia tora seed extract @ 1% (61.33 %), C. tora leaf extract @ 1% (59.79 %) and neem oil @ 0.0006 (58.33 %) showed the fungicidal effect and minimized the disease. Similarly, significantly higher fruit yield was recorded in fungicidal treatment of hexaconazole @ 0.005% and triazophos @ 0.05% in comparison to other treatments.

In this paper a new function called as K-function, which is an extension of the generalization of... more In this paper a new function called as K-function, which is an extension of the generalization of the Mittag-Leffler function[10,11] and its generalized form introduced by Prabhakar[20], is introduced and studied by the author in terms of some special functions and derived the relations that exists between the Kfunction and the operators of Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals and derivatives.

Indian Journal of Animal Research, Aug 18, 2020

With the improvements in diagnostic techniques, Bartonella henselae (B. henselae) infection has r... more With the improvements in diagnostic techniques, Bartonella henselae (B. henselae) infection has recently been recognized to cause a widening spectrum of diseases. Cats are the natural reservoir hosts of B. henselae. The current study aims to investigate the prevalence of B. henselae infection in the cat populations in China. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bacterial cultures confirm that 12.7% of the tested cats were positive for the infection. Old age and outdoor exposure were statistically associated with the infection. Multilocus sequence typing and eBURST analysis of the cat isolates collected in the present study show that 65.4% of the isolates belong to sequence type 1 (ST1). Three new STs (ST16-18) were identified in Midwestern China. These results may aid our understanding of the population structure of B. henselae in China and the relationship between human and cat strains in subsequent studies.

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Feb 10, 2020

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Jun 10, 2020

Sandarbh, 2016

The present work was carried out to evaluate different quantitation techniques when Newcastle dis... more The present work was carried out to evaluate different quantitation techniques when Newcastle disease virus was intended to use as an oncolytic agent. The R2B Mukteshwar strain of NDV was procured as lyophilized vaccine. Then application were carried out like haemagglutination test, tissue culture infective dose-50 (TCID50), plaque forming unit (PFU) calculation and real time PCR to enumerate the number of viruses. The HA titre was obtained as 1: 128 across the dilutions. While TCID50 and PFU counts were obtained as 1×108.16/ml and 4.2×107 PFU/ml, respectively. Based upon comparison with standard NDV RNA, Real time PCR also revealed the number of virus 108/ml. HA was found consistent but indirect; contrastingly TCID50 suffered with subjectivity of interpretation. PFU counts were found within a range and lease possibility of interpretation error than TCID50. Though real time was found automated, highly specific and sensitive assay but handling of RNA and cost were limiting factors.

Archives of Virology, Jun 3, 2017

Virotherapy is emerging as an alternative treatment of cancer. Among the candidate oncolytic viru... more Virotherapy is emerging as an alternative treatment of cancer. Among the candidate oncolytic viruses (OVs), Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has emerged as a promising non-engineered OV. In the present communication, we explored the oncolytic potential of R2B Mukteshwar strain of NDV using SW-620 colon cancer cells. SW-620 cells were xenografted in nude mice and after evaluation of the safety profile, 1 x 10(7) plaque forming units (PFU) of NDV were inoculated as virotherapeutic agent via the intratumoral (I/T) and intravenous (I/V) route. Tumor growth inhibition was compared with their respective control groups by gross volume and histopathological evaluation. Antibody titer and virus survival were measured by hemagglutination inhibition (HI)/serum neutralization test (SNT) and real-time PCR, respectively. During the safety trial, the test strain did not produce any abnormal symptoms nor weight loss in BALB/c mice. Significant tumor lytic activity was evident when viruses were injected via the I/T route. There was a 43 and 57% tumor growth inhibition on absolute and relative tumor volume basis, respectively, compared with mock control. On the same basis, the I/V route treatment resulted in 40 and 16% of inhibition, respectively. Histopathological examination revealed that the virus caused apoptosis, followed by necrosis, but immune cell infiltration was not remarkable. The virus survived in 2/2 mice until day 10 and in 3/6 mice by day 19, with both routes of administration. Anti-NDV antibodies were generated at moderate level and the titer reached a maximum of 1:32 and 1:64 via the I/T and I/V routes, respectively. In conclusion, the test NDV strain was found to be safe and showed oncolytic activity against the SW-620 cell line in mice.

PubMed, Dec 31, 2022

Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus (BEFV) is an arthropod borne virus that causes bovine ephemera... more Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus (BEFV) is an arthropod borne virus that causes bovine ephemeral fever or three‑day sickness in cattle and buffaloes. This is the first report on seroprevalence of BEF in cattle and buffaloes in Gujarat, India. Total of 92 animals, 78 cattle and 14 buffaloes from three regions (districts) of Gujarat state of India, were screened for the presence of anti‑BEF antibodies. A total of 27 out of 92 animals were found positive and overall seroprevalence detected was 29.34% (95% CI 20.0‑38.6%). A total of 19 out of 78 cattle and 8 out of 14 buffalo's samples were found positive BEFV antibodies. Species‑wise seroprevalence in cattle and buffaloes was 24.35% (95% CI 14.8‑33.8%) and 57.1% (95% CI 31.2‑83.0%), respectively. There was a statistically significant (p < 0.05) species effect based on the seroprevalence. In cattle, location‑wise seroprevalence was observed to be 26.82% (95% CI 13.2‑40.3%) and 21.62% (95% CI 8.3‑34.8%) in Navsari and Banaskantha districts, respectively. The effect of location is not statistically significant (p < 0.05). Cytopathic effect of Vero cells was characterized by rounding, granulation of the cytoplasm within 48‑72 hrs of post infection. This was the first report demonstrating the presence of BEFV in Gujarat state.

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Nov 10, 2019

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine, Sep 1, 2022

The Journal of Pediatrics

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe

Background Despite high numbers of children and young people (CYP) having acute COVID, there has ... more Background Despite high numbers of children and young people (CYP) having acute COVID, there has been no prospective follow-up of CYP to establish the pattern of health and well-being over a year following infection. Methods A non-hospitalised, national sample of 5086 (2909 SARS-COV-2 Positive; 2177 SARS-COV-2 Negative at baseline) CYP aged 11-17 completed questionnaires 6-and 12-months after PCR-tests between October 2020 and March 2021 confirming SARS-CoV-2 infection (excluding CYP with subsequent (re)infections). SARS-COV-2 Positive CYP was compared to age, sex and geographically-matched test-negative CYP. Findings Ten of 21 symptoms had a prevalence less than 10% at baseline, 6-and 12-months post-test in both testpositives and test-negatives. Of the other 11 symptoms, in test-positives who had these at baseline, the prevalence of all symptoms declined greatly by 12-months. For CYP first describing one of these at 6-months, there was a decline in prevalence by 12-months. The overall prevalence of 9 of 11 symptoms declined by 12-months. As many CYP first described shortness of breath and tiredness at either 6-or 12-months, the overall prevalence of these two symptoms in test-positives appeared to increase by 6-months and increase further by 12-months. However, within-individual examination demonstrated that the prevalence of shortness of breath and tiredness actually declined in those first describing these two symptoms at either baseline or 6-months. This pattern was also evident for these two symptoms in test-negatives. Similar patterns were observed for validated measures of poor quality of life, emotional and behavioural difficulties, poor well-being and fatigue. Moreover, broadly similar patterns and results were noted for the sub-sample (N = 1808) that had data at baseline, 3-, 6-and 12-months post-test. Interpretation In CYP, the prevalence of adverse symptoms reported at the time of a positive PCR-test declined over 12-months. Some test-positives and test-negatives reported adverse symptoms for the first time at six-and 12-months post-test, particularly tiredness, shortness of breath, poor quality of life, poor well-being and fatigue suggesting they are likely to be caused by multiple factors. Funding NIHR/UKRI (ref: COVLT0022).

The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 2022

Background We describe post-COVID symptomatology in a non-hospitalised, national sample of adoles... more Background We describe post-COVID symptomatology in a non-hospitalised, national sample of adolescents aged 11–17 years with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with matched adolescents with negative PCR status. Methods In this national cohort study, adolescents aged 11–17 years from the Public Health England database who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between January and March, 2021, were matched by month of test, age, sex, and geographical region to adolescents who tested negative. 3 months after testing, a subsample of adolescents were contacted to complete a detailed questionnaire, which collected data on demographics and their physical and mental health at the time of PCR testing (retrospectively) and at the time of completing the questionnaire (prospectively). We compared symptoms between the test-postive and test-negative groups, and used latent class analysis to assess whether and how physical symptoms at baseline and at 3 months clustered among participants. This study is registered with the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN 34804192). Findings 23 048 adolescents who tested positive and 27 798 adolescents who tested negative between Jan 1, 2021, and March 31, 2021, were contacted, and 6804 adolescents (3065 who tested positive and 3739 who tested negative) completed the questionnaire (response rate 13·4%). At PCR testing, 1084 (35·4%) who tested positive and 309 (8·3%) who tested negative were symptomatic and 936 (30·5%) from the test-positive group and 231 (6·2%) from the test-negative group had three or more symptoms. 3 months after testing, 2038 (66·5%) who tested positive and 1993 (53·3%) who tested negative had any symptoms, and 928 (30·3%) from the test-positive group and 603 (16·2%) from the test-negative group had three or more symptoms. At 3 months after testing, the most common symptoms among the test-positive group were tiredness (1196 [39·0%]), headache (710 [23·2%]), and shortness of breath (717 [23·4%]), and among the test-negative group were tiredness (911 [24·4%]), headache (530 [14·2%]), and other (unspecified; 590 [15·8%]). Latent class analysis identified two classes, characterised by few or multiple symptoms. The estimated probability of being in the multiple symptom class was 29·6% (95% CI 27·4–31·7) for the test-positive group and 19·3% (17·7–21·0) for the test-negative group (risk ratio 1·53; 95% CI 1·35–1·70). The multiple symptoms class was more frequent among those with positive PCR results than negative results, in girls than boys, in adolescents aged 15–17 years than those aged 11–14 years, and in those with lower pretest physical and mental health. Interpretation Adolescents who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had similar symptoms to those who tested negative, but had a higher prevalence of single and, particularly, multiple symptoms at the time of PCR testing and 3 months later. Clinicians should consider multiple symptoms that affect functioning and recognise different clusters of symptoms. The multiple and varied symptoms show that a multicomponent intervention will be required, and that mental and physical health symptoms occur concurrently, reflecting their close relationship. Funding UK Department of Health and Social Care, in their capacity as the National Institute for Health Research, and UK Research and Innovation.

2016 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC), 2016

This paper discusses the design, implementation and test results of 6-bit phase shifter for airbo... more This paper discusses the design, implementation and test results of 6-bit phase shifter for airborne IFF application. In addition to insertion loss, insertion loss variation, input output return loss and phase error, emphasis is given to reduce the overall size of the 6-bit phase shifter. The lower three phase bits are implemented in loaded line topology while higher three phase bits are implemented in switched line topology. Extensive electromagnetic simulation is performed to achieve the satisfactory measured results. This phase shifter uses commercially available high power PIN diode as switching element. Test results of this phase shifter exhibits insertion loss less than 3dB, input and output return loss less than 10dB in all possible 64 phase states, and insertion loss variation below 0.9 dB over the IFF bandwidth of 60 MHz. The realized 6-bit phase shifter has the dimensions of 90×50mm which is smallest to best of author's knowledge.

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants (The), 2019

The main objective of this paper is to derive a sol ution of a generalized fractional Volterra in... more The main objective of this paper is to derive a sol ution of a generalized fractional Volterra integral equation involving K 4 -function with the help of the Sumudu transform. Several special cases are also me ntioned.

Indian journal of poultry science, 2008

The present study was designed to explore a suitable methodology for the determination of digesti... more The present study was designed to explore a suitable methodology for the determination of digestible amino acids in adult Japanese quails and to compare the digestibilities of amino acids of corn and soybean meal between quails and cockerels. Adult cockerels (12n) were divided into two groups of six birds each. The first group was precision fed with 50 g of soybean meal. Maize was offered to the second group of birds as per Farrell's method. The quails were divided into six groups of 10 birds each. Maize and soybean meal were fed ad libitum for 3 h duration to 3 groups each. The digestibilities of majority of the amino acids of maize (except histidine) were significantly (P< 0.05 to 0.001) higher in quails as compared to cockerels. On the contrary the apparent digestibility of histidine was significantly higher (P<0.001) in cockerels than that of quails. The apparent digestibilities of basic amino acids viz., lysine and arginine of soybean meal were significantly (P<0.0...

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2020

A biological experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding rice gluten meal (RGM) as... more A biological experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding rice gluten meal (RGM) as soybean replacement without or with different enzymes on immunity in broiler chickens for 42 days. The experiment was conducted as per 3x4 factorial completely randomized design. A total of 384 broiler chicks of same hatch with uniform weight were used. There were twelve different treatments with 4 replicates for each treatment and each replicate consisted of 8 chicks. Two levels of RGM were taken (15 and 17.5%). Protease, xylanase and multienzymes supplementation under different treatments were done. Effect of feeding different levels of RGM (0, 15 and 17.5%) without or with enzymes (xylanase, protease and multienzymes) and their interaction with enzymes did not exhibit any significant (P>0.05) difference between control and other dietary treatments on CMI and humoral immunity. Thus, it may be concluded that 15% and 17.5% RGM levels with or without enzyme supplementation had not any...