Klaus Hausen - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Klaus Hausen
The Journal of comparative neurology, Jan 15, 2003
The study describes five ventral unpaired median neurons in the mesothoracic neuromere of the fus... more The study describes five ventral unpaired median neurons in the mesothoracic neuromere of the fused thoracic ganglion of Calliphora identified by biocytin staining (mesVUM neurons). The group comprises four efferent neurons and one interneuron which are characterized by a common soma cluster in the ventral midline of the neuromere, bifurcating primary neurites and bilaterally symmetrical arborizations. Respective soma clusters of not-yet-identified VUM neurons were also found in the prothoracic, metathoracic, and abdominal neuromeres. The efferent mesVUM neurons are associated with the flight system. Their main arborizations are located in the mesothoracic wing neuropil and their bilateral axons terminate at the flight control muscles, the flight starter muscles, the flight power muscles, or at myocuticular junctions of the latter. In contrast, an association of the interneuron with a particular functional system is not apparent. The arborizations of the neuron are intersegmental an...
The Journal of Neuroscience, 1990
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 1980
Silver-intensified cobalt preparations reveal sex-specific neurons in the optic lobes of flies. T... more Silver-intensified cobalt preparations reveal sex-specific neurons in the optic lobes of flies. The most pronounced of these are found in the lobula neuropil and subserve projections from the dorsal and frontal retina specifically. Two main types of male neurons have been resolved. These are single unique elements, two in each lobula, and small groups of columnar neurons. The present account
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 1977
Cobalt ions are incorporated by many interneurons of the insect central nervous system after inje... more Cobalt ions are incorporated by many interneurons of the insect central nervous system after injection of cobalt chloride or cobalt acetate into the neuropil. Entire nerve cells are subsequently revealed by sulphide precipitation which is followed by silver intensification of whole brains and ganglia. The number of neurons resolved depends upon the optimal timing of an injection phase, followed by
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 1983
The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 2003
The study describes five ventral unpaired median neurons in the mesothoracic neuromere of the fus... more The study describes five ventral unpaired median neurons in the mesothoracic neuromere of the fused thoracic ganglion of Calliphora identified by biocytin staining (mesVUM neurons). The group comprises four efferent neurons and one interneuron which are characterized by a common soma cluster in the ventral midline of the neuromere, bifurcating primary neurites and bilaterally symmetrical arborizations. Respective soma clusters of not-yet-identified VUM neurons were also found in the prothoracic, metathoracic, and abdominal neuromeres. The efferent mesVUM neurons are associated with the flight system. Their main arborizations are located in the mesothoracic wing neuropil and their bilateral axons terminate at the flight control muscles, the flight starter muscles, the flight power muscles, or at myocuticular junctions of the latter. In contrast, an association of the interneuron with a particular functional system is not apparent. The arborizations of the neuron are intersegmental and invade all thoracic neuromeres. A further difference between the two types of neurons regards their somatic action potentials, which are overshooting in the efferent neurons and strongly attenuated in the interneuron. Immunocytochemical stainings revealed four clusters of octopamine-immunoreactive (OA-IR) somata in the thoracic ganglion, which reside in the same positions as the VUM somata. We regard this as strong evidence that all groups of VUM neurons contain OA-IR cells and that, in particular, the identified efferent mesVUM neurons are OA-IR. Our results demonstrate that the mesVUM neurons of Calliphora have similar morphological, electrophysiological, and presumably also immunocytochemical characteristics as the unpaired median neurons of other insects.
Biological Cybernetics, 1980
The optomotor yaw torque response of fixed flying female houseflies, Musca domestica to three dif... more The optomotor yaw torque response of fixed flying female houseflies, Musca domestica to three different types of visual stimuli is analyzed. In contrast to most previous investigations, the stimuli were displayed for short time intervals only in order to approximate transiently ...
Biological Cybernetics, 1981
The landing response of tethered flying houseflies Musca domestica elicited by motion of periodic... more The landing response of tethered flying houseflies Musca domestica elicited by motion of periodic gratings is analysed. The field of view of the compound eyes of a fly can be subdivided into a region of binocular overlap and a monocular region. In the monocular region the landing response is elicited by motion from front to back and suppressed by motion from back to front. The sensitivity to front to back motion in monocular flies (one eye covered with black paint) has a maximum at an angle 60~ ~ laterally from the direction of flight in the equatorial plane. The maximum of the landing response to front to back motion as a function of the contrast frequency w/2 is observed at around 8 Hz. In the region of binocular overlap of monocular flies the landing response can be elicited by back to front motion around the equatorial plane if a laterally positioned pattern is simultaneously moved from front to back. 40 ~ above the equatorial plane in the binocular region the landing response in binocular flies is elicited by upward motion, 40 ~ below the equatorial plane in the binocular region it is elicited by downward motion. The results are interpreted as an adaptation of the visual system of the fly to the perception of a flow field having its pole in the direction of flight.
Biological Cybernetics, 1983
A moving object can be separated from its surround on the basis of motion information alone. It h... more A moving object can be separated from its surround on the basis of motion information alone. It has been known for some time that various species and especially the housefly can discriminate relative motion of an object and its background, even when the two have an identical texture. An earlier paper has analyzed on the basis of behavioural experiments the main features of the algorithm used by the fly to separate figure from ground. This paper (a) proposes the basic structure of a neuronal circuitry possibly underlying the detection of discontinuities in the optical flow by the visual system of the housefly Musca; (b) compares detailed predictions of the model circuitry with old and new behavioural experiments on Musca (measuring its attempts to fixate an object), and (c)studies the neuronal realization of the model circuitry in terms of electrophysiological recordings from the lobula plate horizontal cells of the blowfly CalIiphora.
Trends in Neurosciences, 1988
The spatial distribution of light intensity received by the eyes changes continually when an anim... more The spatial distribution of light intensity received by the eyes changes continually when an animal moves around in its environment. These retinal activity patterns contain a wealth of information on the structure of the environment, the direction and speed of self-motion, and on the independent motion of objects1,2. If evaluated properly by the nervous system this information can be used in visual orientation. In a combination of both behavioural and electrophysiological analysis and modelling, this article establishes the neural mechanisms by which the visual system of the fly evaluates two types of basic retinal motion patterns: coherent retinal large-field motion as induced by self-motion of the animal, and relative motion between objects and their background. Separate neuronal networks are specifically tuned to each of these motion patterns and make use of them in two different visual orientation tasks. seen before-images that delight us as much for their beauty as for their informative power.
The Journal of comparative neurology, Jan 15, 2003
The study describes five ventral unpaired median neurons in the mesothoracic neuromere of the fus... more The study describes five ventral unpaired median neurons in the mesothoracic neuromere of the fused thoracic ganglion of Calliphora identified by biocytin staining (mesVUM neurons). The group comprises four efferent neurons and one interneuron which are characterized by a common soma cluster in the ventral midline of the neuromere, bifurcating primary neurites and bilaterally symmetrical arborizations. Respective soma clusters of not-yet-identified VUM neurons were also found in the prothoracic, metathoracic, and abdominal neuromeres. The efferent mesVUM neurons are associated with the flight system. Their main arborizations are located in the mesothoracic wing neuropil and their bilateral axons terminate at the flight control muscles, the flight starter muscles, the flight power muscles, or at myocuticular junctions of the latter. In contrast, an association of the interneuron with a particular functional system is not apparent. The arborizations of the neuron are intersegmental an...
The Journal of Neuroscience, 1990
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 1980
Silver-intensified cobalt preparations reveal sex-specific neurons in the optic lobes of flies. T... more Silver-intensified cobalt preparations reveal sex-specific neurons in the optic lobes of flies. The most pronounced of these are found in the lobula neuropil and subserve projections from the dorsal and frontal retina specifically. Two main types of male neurons have been resolved. These are single unique elements, two in each lobula, and small groups of columnar neurons. The present account
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 1977
Cobalt ions are incorporated by many interneurons of the insect central nervous system after inje... more Cobalt ions are incorporated by many interneurons of the insect central nervous system after injection of cobalt chloride or cobalt acetate into the neuropil. Entire nerve cells are subsequently revealed by sulphide precipitation which is followed by silver intensification of whole brains and ganglia. The number of neurons resolved depends upon the optimal timing of an injection phase, followed by
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 1983
The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 2003
The study describes five ventral unpaired median neurons in the mesothoracic neuromere of the fus... more The study describes five ventral unpaired median neurons in the mesothoracic neuromere of the fused thoracic ganglion of Calliphora identified by biocytin staining (mesVUM neurons). The group comprises four efferent neurons and one interneuron which are characterized by a common soma cluster in the ventral midline of the neuromere, bifurcating primary neurites and bilaterally symmetrical arborizations. Respective soma clusters of not-yet-identified VUM neurons were also found in the prothoracic, metathoracic, and abdominal neuromeres. The efferent mesVUM neurons are associated with the flight system. Their main arborizations are located in the mesothoracic wing neuropil and their bilateral axons terminate at the flight control muscles, the flight starter muscles, the flight power muscles, or at myocuticular junctions of the latter. In contrast, an association of the interneuron with a particular functional system is not apparent. The arborizations of the neuron are intersegmental and invade all thoracic neuromeres. A further difference between the two types of neurons regards their somatic action potentials, which are overshooting in the efferent neurons and strongly attenuated in the interneuron. Immunocytochemical stainings revealed four clusters of octopamine-immunoreactive (OA-IR) somata in the thoracic ganglion, which reside in the same positions as the VUM somata. We regard this as strong evidence that all groups of VUM neurons contain OA-IR cells and that, in particular, the identified efferent mesVUM neurons are OA-IR. Our results demonstrate that the mesVUM neurons of Calliphora have similar morphological, electrophysiological, and presumably also immunocytochemical characteristics as the unpaired median neurons of other insects.
Biological Cybernetics, 1980
The optomotor yaw torque response of fixed flying female houseflies, Musca domestica to three dif... more The optomotor yaw torque response of fixed flying female houseflies, Musca domestica to three different types of visual stimuli is analyzed. In contrast to most previous investigations, the stimuli were displayed for short time intervals only in order to approximate transiently ...
Biological Cybernetics, 1981
The landing response of tethered flying houseflies Musca domestica elicited by motion of periodic... more The landing response of tethered flying houseflies Musca domestica elicited by motion of periodic gratings is analysed. The field of view of the compound eyes of a fly can be subdivided into a region of binocular overlap and a monocular region. In the monocular region the landing response is elicited by motion from front to back and suppressed by motion from back to front. The sensitivity to front to back motion in monocular flies (one eye covered with black paint) has a maximum at an angle 60~ ~ laterally from the direction of flight in the equatorial plane. The maximum of the landing response to front to back motion as a function of the contrast frequency w/2 is observed at around 8 Hz. In the region of binocular overlap of monocular flies the landing response can be elicited by back to front motion around the equatorial plane if a laterally positioned pattern is simultaneously moved from front to back. 40 ~ above the equatorial plane in the binocular region the landing response in binocular flies is elicited by upward motion, 40 ~ below the equatorial plane in the binocular region it is elicited by downward motion. The results are interpreted as an adaptation of the visual system of the fly to the perception of a flow field having its pole in the direction of flight.
Biological Cybernetics, 1983
A moving object can be separated from its surround on the basis of motion information alone. It h... more A moving object can be separated from its surround on the basis of motion information alone. It has been known for some time that various species and especially the housefly can discriminate relative motion of an object and its background, even when the two have an identical texture. An earlier paper has analyzed on the basis of behavioural experiments the main features of the algorithm used by the fly to separate figure from ground. This paper (a) proposes the basic structure of a neuronal circuitry possibly underlying the detection of discontinuities in the optical flow by the visual system of the housefly Musca; (b) compares detailed predictions of the model circuitry with old and new behavioural experiments on Musca (measuring its attempts to fixate an object), and (c)studies the neuronal realization of the model circuitry in terms of electrophysiological recordings from the lobula plate horizontal cells of the blowfly CalIiphora.
Trends in Neurosciences, 1988
The spatial distribution of light intensity received by the eyes changes continually when an anim... more The spatial distribution of light intensity received by the eyes changes continually when an animal moves around in its environment. These retinal activity patterns contain a wealth of information on the structure of the environment, the direction and speed of self-motion, and on the independent motion of objects1,2. If evaluated properly by the nervous system this information can be used in visual orientation. In a combination of both behavioural and electrophysiological analysis and modelling, this article establishes the neural mechanisms by which the visual system of the fly evaluates two types of basic retinal motion patterns: coherent retinal large-field motion as induced by self-motion of the animal, and relative motion between objects and their background. Separate neuronal networks are specifically tuned to each of these motion patterns and make use of them in two different visual orientation tasks. seen before-images that delight us as much for their beauty as for their informative power.