Kris Mahoney - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Kris Mahoney
Weed Technology, Dec 1, 2015
Four field experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period (2012 and 2013) in winter wheat to evalu... more Four field experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period (2012 and 2013) in winter wheat to evaluate POST herbicides for the control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) giant ragweed. POST herbicides were evaluated for winter wheat injury and GR giant ragweed control, population density, and aboveground biomass. The herbicides used in this study provided 54 to 90% and 51 to 97% control of GR giant ragweed at 4 and 8 wk after treatment (WAT), respectively. At 8 WAT, auxinic herbicide treatments or herbicide tank mix/premix treatments that contained auxinics provided 78 to 97% control of GR giant ragweed. Reductions in GR giant ragweed population density and aboveground biomass were 62 to 100% and 83 to 100%, respectively, and generally reflected the level of control. The results of this research indicate that Ontario, Canada, corn and soybean growers should continue to incorporate winter wheat into their crop rotation as one component of an integrated weed management (IWM) strategy for the control of GR giant ragweed.
Initiate page in Herd Book, FarmHouse Fraternity, NDS
Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2016
Abstract: Populations of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane and GR giant ragweed can be fo... more Abstract: Populations of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane and GR giant ragweed can be found in several locations in southwestern Ontario. While these species can be managed individually, a scenario has developed where both species are present in GR soybean. Ten separate field experiments (five with Canada fleabane and five with giant ragweed) were conducted over a 2-yr period (2013-2014) in soybean to evaluate preplant (PP) herbicide tank mixtures that could control both weed species if they were present in the same field. Herbicides were rated for soybean injury, weed control, population density, and aboveground biomass. Two- and three-way tank mixtures containing amitrole (i.e., glyphosate + amitrole, glyphosate + amitrole + saflufenacil, and glyphosate + amitrole + 2,4-D) were among the most effective treatments. For example, control of GR Canada fleabane and GR giant ragweed was at least 92% at 4 wk after treatment (WAT) and weed density and biomass were generally similar to the weed-free control. However, without amitrole, the best PP herbicide option was a three-way tank mixture of glyphosate + saflufenacil + 2,4-D which provided improved control and greater reductions in density and biomass compared with the two-way glyphosate tank mixtures containing saflufenacil or 2,4-D.
Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2016
Field experiments in 2013 and 2014 examined corn (Zea mays L.) tolerance to acetyl-coenzyme A car... more Field experiments in 2013 and 2014 examined corn (Zea mays L.) tolerance to acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibiting herbicides in a scenario where they would have been used to terminate a failed corn stand prior to replanting. To simulate this, herbicides were applied 1 wk or 1 d preplant (PP) and several parameters were measured. Corn injury 1, 2, 4, or 8 wk after emergence (WAE) was similar to the untreated control, regardless of herbicide, rate, or PP application timing. Across herbicides and rates, PP timing did not affect plant stand and aboveground biomass 2 WAE, plant height 4 WAE, or yield. Across application timings, plant stand and aboveground biomass were similar to the untreated control, regardless of herbicide treatment or rate; however, some herbicides reduced height and (or) yield. For example, compared with the untreated control, fluazifop-p-butyl (75 and 150 g ha−1) and sethoxydim (300 g ha−1) each reduced height by about 3%, while clethodim (30 and 60 g h...
Canadian Journal of Plant Science
Short Title: Glyphosate-resistant Canada fleabane control in corn Postemergence herbicides were e... more Short Title: Glyphosate-resistant Canada fleabane control in corn Postemergence herbicides were evaluated for glyphosate-resistant Canada fleabane control in corn (Zea mays L.) from 2013 to 2015. By 8 wk after treatment, dicamba/atrazine (96% control), dicamba (95% control), bromoxynil + atrazine (93% control), dicamba/diflufenzopyr (90% control), and tembotrione/thiencarbaxone-methyl + dicamba (85% control) reduced population density and aboveground biomass to levels equivalent to the weed-free control.
Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2016
Studies were conducted in Ontario dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in 2010 and 2011 using fulvic ... more Studies were conducted in Ontario dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in 2010 and 2011 using fulvic acid (LX7 ® , MTS Environmental Inc.) or humic acid (Plant XL ® , Alpha-Agri) fertilizers. Twenty fulvic acid field trials and 15 humic acid field trials indicate that these fertilizers were ineffective as plant vigour, height, 100-seed weight, and yield were similar to a control treatment.
Weed Science, 2016
Giant ragweed has been increasing as a major weed of row crops in the last 30 yr, but quantitativ... more Giant ragweed has been increasing as a major weed of row crops in the last 30 yr, but quantitative data regarding its pattern and mechanisms of spread in crop fields are lacking. To address this gap, we conducted a Web-based survey of certified crop advisors in the U.S. Corn Belt and Ontario, Canada. Participants were asked questions regarding giant ragweed and crop production practices for the county of their choice. Responses were mapped and correlation analyses were conducted among the responses to determine factors associated with giant ragweed populations. Respondents rated giant ragweed as the most or one of the most difficult weeds to manage in 45% of 421 U.S. counties responding, and 57% of responding counties reported giant ragweed populations with herbicide resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibitors, glyphosate, or both herbicides. Results suggest that giant ragweed is increasing in crop fields outward from the east-central U.S. Corn Belt in most directions. Crop produ...
Weed Technology
Five experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period (2013 and 2014) to evaluate POST herbicides in... more Five experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period (2013 and 2014) to evaluate POST herbicides in winter wheat fields with a history of glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed. Control 4 wk after treatment (WAT) with pyrasulfotole + bromoxynil was 95%. Control 8 WAT with 2,4-D, dicamba + MCPA + mecoprop, clopyralid, and pyrasulfotole + bromoxynil ranged from 89 to 97%; these herbicides also reduced GR horseweed density and biomass by 97 to 99%. Single mode of action herbicides like 2,4-D controlled GR horseweed; however, multiple modes of action should be used to prevent populations from becoming incrementally more resistant under repeated selection pressure.
Canadian Journal of Plant Science
Strobilurin fungicides have been advocated to manage plant stress, optimize plant health, and inc... more Strobilurin fungicides have been advocated to manage plant stress, optimize plant health, and increase yields of several crops. Studies were conducted in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 to determine if azoxystrobin or pyraclostrobin induced plant health effects and increased yield of dry bean grown under conditions with very low levels of foliar disease and with the application of a simulated hail stress treatment. Azoxystrobin (125 g a.i. ha-1) and pyraclostrobin (100 g a.i. ha-1) applied at the start of flowering reduced the percentage of harvested dry bean seeds that were discoloured or misshaped (i.e., pick value) to 2.06 and 2.15%, respectively compared with 2.4% for the untreated control. Increased seed quality of edible legumes has been identified as a plant health benefit induced by strobilurin fungicides; however, neither fungicide contributed to increased seed weight or dry bean yield compared with the untreated control in the presence or absence of a simulated hail treatment. ...
![Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Glyphosate Formulations for Weed Control and Tolerance in Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) and Soybean [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83883931/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Agricultural Sciences, 2014
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2015
Some growers in northern corn (Zea mays L.) producing regions forgo the typical autumn harvest fo... more Some growers in northern corn (Zea mays L.) producing regions forgo the typical autumn harvest for various reasons, but not without the risk of significant yield loss. Therefore, strategies are needed for managing the risks to yield when harvesting corn in spring. Field experiments, with various management strategies, were initiated in Ontario, Canada near Belmont and Ridgetown in 2009 and near Belmont, Ridgetown, and Lucan in 2010. Management strategies investigated the use of hybrids with a range in maturity, the use of standard and reduced plant populations, and the use of a foliar fungicide applied around tasseling. The parameters examined were stay-green in autumn, lodging in spring, and grain yield, moisture, and test weight of corn harvested in autumn and spring. Standard corn production practices consist of using a full-season hybrid planted at 80,000 plants•ha −1 with no late-season fungicide application; however, if over-wintered at Belmont, corn managed using these practices resulted in a 23.1% yield loss (12.1 vs 9.3 Mg•ha −1) averaged across years when the crop was harvested in the spring. An overwintering management strategy for corn was identified, which consisted of planting at a reduced plant population (60,000 plants•ha −1) and spraying the crop with QUILT ® (azoxystrobin + propiconazole at 200 g a.i. ha −1) at the VT to R1 growth stage. Averaged across all hybrids, this strategy minimized yield losses through improvements on corn standability with only a 3.5% yield loss at Ridgetown and a 13.2% yield loss at Belmont. Furthermore, grain test weights for corn with the overwintering strategy were similar to or greater than corn overwintered with the standard production practice. However, weather conditions have the potential to overwhelm any management strategy. In spite of the favorable data indicating reduced risks with a spring harvest, lodging was still higher than expected and yield losses would likely be unacceptable for most growers to make a spring corn harvest a widely accepted practice, unless autumn grain moistures are extremely high, drying charges
Agricultural Sciences, 2013
Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2015
Mahoney, K. J., Vyn, R. J. and Gillard, C. L. 2015. The effect of pyraclostrobin on soybean plant... more Mahoney, K. J., Vyn, R. J. and Gillard, C. L. 2015. The effect of pyraclostrobin on soybean plant health, yield, and profitability in Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 285–292. Prophylactic fungicides have been advocated to manage foliar diseases, optimize plant heath, and increase yields. Studies were conducted in 2009, 2010, and 2011 using 20 soybean cultivars to determine if pyraclostrobin, a strobilurin, induced plant health effects to increase yield and profitability under conditions with low levels of foliar disease. Pyraclostrobin applied at the R3 stage significantly reduced leaf defoliation caused by brown spot (Septoria glycines Hemmi) compared with the untreated control with 27 and 45% defoliation, respectively, across all cultivars. Pyraclostrobin delayed maturity, but the response varied among cultivars. For example, cultivars with low levels of leaf defoliation responded with an increase in the number of days to maturity, whereas cultivars with high levels of defoliation...
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2014
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2014
![Research paper thumbnail of Tolerance of Maize (Zea mays L.) and Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] to Late Applications of Postemergence Herbicides](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83883941/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Agricultural Sciences, 2014
Weed Technology, 2014
Eleven field experiments were conducted over a 3-yr period (2010, 2011, and 2012) in conventional... more Eleven field experiments were conducted over a 3-yr period (2010, 2011, and 2012) in conventional- and no-till soybean with a flumioxazin and pyroxasulfone premix. PRE and preplant applications were evaluated for soybean injury, weed control, and yield compared to standard herbicides. Early-season soybean injury from flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone ranged from 1 to 19%; however, by harvest, soybean yields were similar across labeled rates (160 and 200 g ai ha−1), standard treatments, and the nontreated control. Flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone provided excellent control (99 to 100%) of velvetleaf, pigweed species (redroot pigweed and smooth pigweed), and common lambsquarters across almost all rates tested (80 to 480 g ai ha−1). Common ragweed, green foxtail, and giant foxtail control increased with flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone rate. The biologically effective rates varied between tillage systems. The flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone rate required to provide 80% control (R80) of pigweed was 3 and 273 g ai ...
![Research paper thumbnail of Response of dry bean white mould [<i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> (Lib.) de Bary, causal organism] to fungicides](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83884042/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2014
Mahoney, K. J., McCreary, C. M. and Gillard, C. L. 2014. Response of dry bean white mould [ Scler... more Mahoney, K. J., McCreary, C. M. and Gillard, C. L. 2014. Response of dry bean white mould [ Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, causal organism] to fungicides. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 905–910. White mould [Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, causal organism] is a serious disease of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Producers frequently rely on preventative fungicides, yet, this represents a significant production cost. Studies were conducted in 2009, 2010, and 2011 to determine fungicide efficacy under conditions optimized for white mould. Disease incidence×severity ratings were used to calculate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). After harvest, a return on investment (ROI) was calculated. AUDPC values were similar across boscalid, fluazinam, fluopyram, and thiophanate-methyl and lower than Bacillus subtilis, CaCl2, and the untreated. Yield was greatest for fluazinam and fluopyram, followed by thiophanate-methyl. Bacillus subtilis and CaCl2 yields were simil...
Weed Technology, Dec 1, 2015
Four field experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period (2012 and 2013) in winter wheat to evalu... more Four field experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period (2012 and 2013) in winter wheat to evaluate POST herbicides for the control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) giant ragweed. POST herbicides were evaluated for winter wheat injury and GR giant ragweed control, population density, and aboveground biomass. The herbicides used in this study provided 54 to 90% and 51 to 97% control of GR giant ragweed at 4 and 8 wk after treatment (WAT), respectively. At 8 WAT, auxinic herbicide treatments or herbicide tank mix/premix treatments that contained auxinics provided 78 to 97% control of GR giant ragweed. Reductions in GR giant ragweed population density and aboveground biomass were 62 to 100% and 83 to 100%, respectively, and generally reflected the level of control. The results of this research indicate that Ontario, Canada, corn and soybean growers should continue to incorporate winter wheat into their crop rotation as one component of an integrated weed management (IWM) strategy for the control of GR giant ragweed.
Initiate page in Herd Book, FarmHouse Fraternity, NDS
Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2016
Abstract: Populations of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane and GR giant ragweed can be fo... more Abstract: Populations of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane and GR giant ragweed can be found in several locations in southwestern Ontario. While these species can be managed individually, a scenario has developed where both species are present in GR soybean. Ten separate field experiments (five with Canada fleabane and five with giant ragweed) were conducted over a 2-yr period (2013-2014) in soybean to evaluate preplant (PP) herbicide tank mixtures that could control both weed species if they were present in the same field. Herbicides were rated for soybean injury, weed control, population density, and aboveground biomass. Two- and three-way tank mixtures containing amitrole (i.e., glyphosate + amitrole, glyphosate + amitrole + saflufenacil, and glyphosate + amitrole + 2,4-D) were among the most effective treatments. For example, control of GR Canada fleabane and GR giant ragweed was at least 92% at 4 wk after treatment (WAT) and weed density and biomass were generally similar to the weed-free control. However, without amitrole, the best PP herbicide option was a three-way tank mixture of glyphosate + saflufenacil + 2,4-D which provided improved control and greater reductions in density and biomass compared with the two-way glyphosate tank mixtures containing saflufenacil or 2,4-D.
Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2016
Field experiments in 2013 and 2014 examined corn (Zea mays L.) tolerance to acetyl-coenzyme A car... more Field experiments in 2013 and 2014 examined corn (Zea mays L.) tolerance to acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibiting herbicides in a scenario where they would have been used to terminate a failed corn stand prior to replanting. To simulate this, herbicides were applied 1 wk or 1 d preplant (PP) and several parameters were measured. Corn injury 1, 2, 4, or 8 wk after emergence (WAE) was similar to the untreated control, regardless of herbicide, rate, or PP application timing. Across herbicides and rates, PP timing did not affect plant stand and aboveground biomass 2 WAE, plant height 4 WAE, or yield. Across application timings, plant stand and aboveground biomass were similar to the untreated control, regardless of herbicide treatment or rate; however, some herbicides reduced height and (or) yield. For example, compared with the untreated control, fluazifop-p-butyl (75 and 150 g ha−1) and sethoxydim (300 g ha−1) each reduced height by about 3%, while clethodim (30 and 60 g h...
Canadian Journal of Plant Science
Short Title: Glyphosate-resistant Canada fleabane control in corn Postemergence herbicides were e... more Short Title: Glyphosate-resistant Canada fleabane control in corn Postemergence herbicides were evaluated for glyphosate-resistant Canada fleabane control in corn (Zea mays L.) from 2013 to 2015. By 8 wk after treatment, dicamba/atrazine (96% control), dicamba (95% control), bromoxynil + atrazine (93% control), dicamba/diflufenzopyr (90% control), and tembotrione/thiencarbaxone-methyl + dicamba (85% control) reduced population density and aboveground biomass to levels equivalent to the weed-free control.
Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2016
Studies were conducted in Ontario dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in 2010 and 2011 using fulvic ... more Studies were conducted in Ontario dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in 2010 and 2011 using fulvic acid (LX7 ® , MTS Environmental Inc.) or humic acid (Plant XL ® , Alpha-Agri) fertilizers. Twenty fulvic acid field trials and 15 humic acid field trials indicate that these fertilizers were ineffective as plant vigour, height, 100-seed weight, and yield were similar to a control treatment.
Weed Science, 2016
Giant ragweed has been increasing as a major weed of row crops in the last 30 yr, but quantitativ... more Giant ragweed has been increasing as a major weed of row crops in the last 30 yr, but quantitative data regarding its pattern and mechanisms of spread in crop fields are lacking. To address this gap, we conducted a Web-based survey of certified crop advisors in the U.S. Corn Belt and Ontario, Canada. Participants were asked questions regarding giant ragweed and crop production practices for the county of their choice. Responses were mapped and correlation analyses were conducted among the responses to determine factors associated with giant ragweed populations. Respondents rated giant ragweed as the most or one of the most difficult weeds to manage in 45% of 421 U.S. counties responding, and 57% of responding counties reported giant ragweed populations with herbicide resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibitors, glyphosate, or both herbicides. Results suggest that giant ragweed is increasing in crop fields outward from the east-central U.S. Corn Belt in most directions. Crop produ...
Weed Technology
Five experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period (2013 and 2014) to evaluate POST herbicides in... more Five experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period (2013 and 2014) to evaluate POST herbicides in winter wheat fields with a history of glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed. Control 4 wk after treatment (WAT) with pyrasulfotole + bromoxynil was 95%. Control 8 WAT with 2,4-D, dicamba + MCPA + mecoprop, clopyralid, and pyrasulfotole + bromoxynil ranged from 89 to 97%; these herbicides also reduced GR horseweed density and biomass by 97 to 99%. Single mode of action herbicides like 2,4-D controlled GR horseweed; however, multiple modes of action should be used to prevent populations from becoming incrementally more resistant under repeated selection pressure.
Canadian Journal of Plant Science
Strobilurin fungicides have been advocated to manage plant stress, optimize plant health, and inc... more Strobilurin fungicides have been advocated to manage plant stress, optimize plant health, and increase yields of several crops. Studies were conducted in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 to determine if azoxystrobin or pyraclostrobin induced plant health effects and increased yield of dry bean grown under conditions with very low levels of foliar disease and with the application of a simulated hail stress treatment. Azoxystrobin (125 g a.i. ha-1) and pyraclostrobin (100 g a.i. ha-1) applied at the start of flowering reduced the percentage of harvested dry bean seeds that were discoloured or misshaped (i.e., pick value) to 2.06 and 2.15%, respectively compared with 2.4% for the untreated control. Increased seed quality of edible legumes has been identified as a plant health benefit induced by strobilurin fungicides; however, neither fungicide contributed to increased seed weight or dry bean yield compared with the untreated control in the presence or absence of a simulated hail treatment. ...
Agricultural Sciences, 2014
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2015
Some growers in northern corn (Zea mays L.) producing regions forgo the typical autumn harvest fo... more Some growers in northern corn (Zea mays L.) producing regions forgo the typical autumn harvest for various reasons, but not without the risk of significant yield loss. Therefore, strategies are needed for managing the risks to yield when harvesting corn in spring. Field experiments, with various management strategies, were initiated in Ontario, Canada near Belmont and Ridgetown in 2009 and near Belmont, Ridgetown, and Lucan in 2010. Management strategies investigated the use of hybrids with a range in maturity, the use of standard and reduced plant populations, and the use of a foliar fungicide applied around tasseling. The parameters examined were stay-green in autumn, lodging in spring, and grain yield, moisture, and test weight of corn harvested in autumn and spring. Standard corn production practices consist of using a full-season hybrid planted at 80,000 plants•ha −1 with no late-season fungicide application; however, if over-wintered at Belmont, corn managed using these practices resulted in a 23.1% yield loss (12.1 vs 9.3 Mg•ha −1) averaged across years when the crop was harvested in the spring. An overwintering management strategy for corn was identified, which consisted of planting at a reduced plant population (60,000 plants•ha −1) and spraying the crop with QUILT ® (azoxystrobin + propiconazole at 200 g a.i. ha −1) at the VT to R1 growth stage. Averaged across all hybrids, this strategy minimized yield losses through improvements on corn standability with only a 3.5% yield loss at Ridgetown and a 13.2% yield loss at Belmont. Furthermore, grain test weights for corn with the overwintering strategy were similar to or greater than corn overwintered with the standard production practice. However, weather conditions have the potential to overwhelm any management strategy. In spite of the favorable data indicating reduced risks with a spring harvest, lodging was still higher than expected and yield losses would likely be unacceptable for most growers to make a spring corn harvest a widely accepted practice, unless autumn grain moistures are extremely high, drying charges
Agricultural Sciences, 2013
Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2015
Mahoney, K. J., Vyn, R. J. and Gillard, C. L. 2015. The effect of pyraclostrobin on soybean plant... more Mahoney, K. J., Vyn, R. J. and Gillard, C. L. 2015. The effect of pyraclostrobin on soybean plant health, yield, and profitability in Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 285–292. Prophylactic fungicides have been advocated to manage foliar diseases, optimize plant heath, and increase yields. Studies were conducted in 2009, 2010, and 2011 using 20 soybean cultivars to determine if pyraclostrobin, a strobilurin, induced plant health effects to increase yield and profitability under conditions with low levels of foliar disease. Pyraclostrobin applied at the R3 stage significantly reduced leaf defoliation caused by brown spot (Septoria glycines Hemmi) compared with the untreated control with 27 and 45% defoliation, respectively, across all cultivars. Pyraclostrobin delayed maturity, but the response varied among cultivars. For example, cultivars with low levels of leaf defoliation responded with an increase in the number of days to maturity, whereas cultivars with high levels of defoliation...
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2014
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2014
Agricultural Sciences, 2014
Weed Technology, 2014
Eleven field experiments were conducted over a 3-yr period (2010, 2011, and 2012) in conventional... more Eleven field experiments were conducted over a 3-yr period (2010, 2011, and 2012) in conventional- and no-till soybean with a flumioxazin and pyroxasulfone premix. PRE and preplant applications were evaluated for soybean injury, weed control, and yield compared to standard herbicides. Early-season soybean injury from flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone ranged from 1 to 19%; however, by harvest, soybean yields were similar across labeled rates (160 and 200 g ai ha−1), standard treatments, and the nontreated control. Flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone provided excellent control (99 to 100%) of velvetleaf, pigweed species (redroot pigweed and smooth pigweed), and common lambsquarters across almost all rates tested (80 to 480 g ai ha−1). Common ragweed, green foxtail, and giant foxtail control increased with flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone rate. The biologically effective rates varied between tillage systems. The flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone rate required to provide 80% control (R80) of pigweed was 3 and 273 g ai ...
Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2014
Mahoney, K. J., McCreary, C. M. and Gillard, C. L. 2014. Response of dry bean white mould [ Scler... more Mahoney, K. J., McCreary, C. M. and Gillard, C. L. 2014. Response of dry bean white mould [ Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, causal organism] to fungicides. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 905–910. White mould [Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, causal organism] is a serious disease of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Producers frequently rely on preventative fungicides, yet, this represents a significant production cost. Studies were conducted in 2009, 2010, and 2011 to determine fungicide efficacy under conditions optimized for white mould. Disease incidence×severity ratings were used to calculate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). After harvest, a return on investment (ROI) was calculated. AUDPC values were similar across boscalid, fluazinam, fluopyram, and thiophanate-methyl and lower than Bacillus subtilis, CaCl2, and the untreated. Yield was greatest for fluazinam and fluopyram, followed by thiophanate-methyl. Bacillus subtilis and CaCl2 yields were simil...