Krishna Kant Mishra - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Krishna Kant Mishra

Research paper thumbnail of Unravelling geospatial distribution and genetic diversity of greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) from Himalayan Region

Scientific Reports, Jul 24, 2023

The Greenhouse whitefly (GWF), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is ... more The Greenhouse whitefly (GWF), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is a destructive pest that affects protected cultivation worldwide. The Indian Himalayan region is particularly vulnerable to GWF introduction, invasion, and spread due to the expansion of protected cultivation and climate change. In this study, we collected 32 naturally occurring GWF populations, mainly from the Uttarakhand state in the Indian Himalayan region, to investigate the distribution pattern and genetic diversity of T. vaporariorum. Our sampling was representative of the region's vegetation diversity and geographical location, and we collected samples from multiple sites within each locality to account for local variations. The mtCOI gene was used to accurately detect and identify GWF and to sequence haplotypes prevalent in the Uttarakhand state. The maximum likelihood method used for phylogenetic studies revealed that all 32 whitefly samples in this study belonged to T. vaporariorum and were prevalent in all the collected localities. Our population genetic study using mtCOI showed variation within T. vaporariorum populations, with 20 distinct haplotypes present. Notably, haplotype 2 (H2) was the most dominant haplotype among the sampled populations. These results provide fundamental knowledge for understanding the geographical distribution and ecology of T. vaporariorum in the Uttarakhand state of the Indian Himalayan region. The discovery of geospatial and genetic diversity of GWF in the Himalayan region underscores the importance of pest alertness, research prioritization, and the development of sustainable management strategies to protect crops. The Indian Himalaya is a biodiverse region, hosting 30,377 species of protozoa and animalia, representing about 30.16% of the total Indian fauna, with arthropods contributing 26,393 species 1. Unfortunately, the Indian Himalaya is vulnerable to climate change, which poses a risk of species emergence, outbreak, and extinction, and threatens food security in the region 2. Protected agriculture, which creates favorable microclimates to protect crops from biotic and abiotic stresses, has emerged as a new paradigm to improve food security, income, and crop protection in the region 3. Polyhouse structures have been used extensively for commercial cultivation of high-value and off-season vegetables in the Himalayas, but the microclimate under these structures can favor the growth and development of pests, diseases, and soil-borne nematodes, which can threaten crop productivity 4-6. Greenhouse whitefly (GWF), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a destructive pest problem for protected cultivation globally, infesting over 800 species of plants 7,8. The wide host range comprises tomato, eggplant , pepper, cucumber, chrysanthemum and other agriculturally important crops. Due to its polyphagous nature and potential to act as a virus vector, GWF has become a major scourge for protected cultivation practicing farmers.

Research paper thumbnail of Ragi (Finger millet) ka blast rog: Lakshan, pahachan & Samanvit prabhandan

Research paper thumbnail of Finger Millet Blast Disease: Potential Threat to Global Nutrition Security

Research paper thumbnail of Blast Disease: Historical Importance, Distribution, and Host Infectivity Across Cereal Crops

Research paper thumbnail of Phenotypic and Genotypic screening of fifty-two rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for desirable cultivars against blast disease

PLOS ONE, Mar 10, 2023

Magnaporthe oryzae, the rice blast fungus, is one of the most dangerous rice pathogens, causing c... more Magnaporthe oryzae, the rice blast fungus, is one of the most dangerous rice pathogens, causing considerable crop losses around the world. In order to explore the rice blast-resistant sources, initially performed a large-scale screening of 277 rice accessions. In parallel with field evaluations, fifty-two rice accessions were genotyped for 25 major blast resistance genes utilizing functional/gene-based markers based on their reactivity against rice blast disease. According to the phenotypic examination, 29 (58%) and 22 (42%) entries were found to be highly resistant, 18 (36%) and 29 (57%) showed moderate resistance, and 05 (6%) and 01 (1%), respectively, were highly susceptible to leaf and neck blast. The genetic frequency of 25 major blast resistance genes ranged from 32 to 60%, with two genotypes having a maximum of 16 R-genes each. The 52 rice accessions were divided into two groups based on cluster and population structure analysis. The highly resistant and moderately resistant accessions are divided into different groups using the principal coordinate analysis. According to the analysis of molecular variance, the maximum diversity was found within the population, while the minimum diversity was found between the populations. Two markers (RM5647 and K39512), which correspond to the blast-resistant genes Pi36 and Pik, respectively, showed a significant association to the neck blast disease, whereas three markers (Pi2-i, Pita3, and k2167), which correspond to the blast-resistant genes Pi2, Pita/ Pita2, and Pikm, respectively, showed a significant association to the leaf blast disease. The associated R-genes might be utilized in rice breeding programmes through marker-assisted breeding, and the identified resistant rice accessions could be used as prospective donors for the production of new resistant varieties in India and around the world.

Research paper thumbnail of Nanodiagnostics

CRC Press eBooks, Mar 22, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Parvatiya kshetro mein Gehun ki Jaivik Kheti

Research paper thumbnail of Integrated Pest management in Major crops

Research paper thumbnail of Parvatiya Kshetro me button mushroom ki kheti

Not AvailableNot AvailableNot Availabl

Research paper thumbnail of Entomopathogenic nematodes

Research paper thumbnail of Millets for Life: A Brief Introduction

Millets and Millet Technology, 2021

Millets or nutri-cereals are high-energy foods; that were domesticated and cultivated as early as... more Millets or nutri-cereals are high-energy foods; that were domesticated and cultivated as early as 10,000 years ago. The millets cultivation is taken up usually in degraded and marginal lands that receive very less rainfall and are poor in soil nutrient content. Seven important millets cultivated globally are finger millet, pearl millet, foxtail millet, barnyard millet, proso millet, kodo millet, and little millet. Overdependence on cereals after the green revolution and the present-day sedentary lifestyle of people has proliferated health-related disorders like obesity, diabetes, coronary diseases, gastrointestinal disorders and risk of colon, breast, and oesophageal cancer. The only way to fight back is through the introduction of nutritionally rich millets in our daily diets. Millets are unique for their richness in dietary fibers, antioxidants, minerals, phytochemicals, polyphenols, and proteins; that act as elixir to fight against health-related disorders. Recent global phenomen...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of dehulling, germination and cooking on nutrients, anti-nutrients, fatty acid composition and antioxidant properties in lentil (Lens culinaris)

Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2016

The changes in chemical composition, antioxidant activity and fatty acid composition of lentil fl... more The changes in chemical composition, antioxidant activity and fatty acid composition of lentil flour after dehulling, germination and cooking of seeds were investigated. Dehulling showed no significant effect on protein content, however, protein content decreased in most of the varieties after germination and cooking. Total soluble sugars (TSS) content increased significantly after dehulling (2.0-41.64 %) and cooking (2.08-31.07 %) whereas, germination had no significant effect on TSS content. Total lipids increased significantly after dehulling (21.56-42.86 %) whereas, it decreased significantly after germination (2.97-26.52 %) and cooking (23.05-58.63 %). Cooking was more effective than other methods in reducing trypsin inhibitors (80.51-85.41 %). Dehulling was most effective in reducing tannins (89.46-92.99 %) and phytic acid (52.63-60.00 %) content over raw seed. Myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acid content decreased while linolenic acid content increased after dehulling. Dehulling, germination and cooking decreased the content of antioxidant metabolite (gallic acid, catechin and quercetin) and also antioxidant activities. Raw samples followed by germinated samples showed the highest concentrations of phytochemicals responsible for antioxidant activity and also the antioxidant capacities. Present study showed germination and cooking would be useful in formulation and development of lentil based functional foods for human health benefits.

Research paper thumbnail of Antioxidant Activities and Mineral Composition of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) as Influenced by Different Drying Methods

Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2016

Mushrooms have various medicinal and nutritional properties and have used as food purposes since ... more Mushrooms have various medicinal and nutritional properties and have used as food purposes since decades [1]. Concentrated extracts of various dried mushrooms are used as medicines and dietary supplements [2]. Mushrooms are also a rich source of protein and mineral especially in vegetarian communities. In recent days, mushrooms have become an attractive functional food mainly because of their nutritional composition [3] and the antioxidant capacity of mushrooms to scavenge free radicals, which are responsible for oxidative damage of human cells. The antioxidants present in mushrooms are of great interest as protective agents to help the human body reduces oxidative damage. Oyster mushroom is a novel source of easily digestible form of protein than many legume and vegetable [4]. Pleurotus spp are also containing high quantities of carbohydrates, micronutrients and vitamins B complex, as well as low fat content [5]. However, mushroom are extremely perishable and the shelf life of most of the mushrooms is only about 24 h at ambient conditions and 7-10 days under controlled conditions because of its high moisture content and rich nutrients that spoil easily and quickly. The various physiological and morphological changes that occur after harvest make these mushrooms unacceptable for marketing hence consumption

Research paper thumbnail of Biotic Stress Management of Crop Plants using Nanomaterials

Biotic Stress Management of Crop Plants using Nanomaterials

Research paper thumbnail of The Pink Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus djamor(Agaricomycetes): A Potent Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Agent

International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 2021

The present investigation aimed to study the physicochemical properties, nutritional indices, ant... more The present investigation aimed to study the physicochemical properties, nutritional indices, antioxidant properties, and hypoglycemic effects of dried pink oyster mushroom (Pleurotus djamor) powder. The yield of dried mushroom powder was 8.54%, the oil absorption capacity was 3.34 mL/g, and the swelling index was 0.33 mL/g. A qualitative analysis of mycoconstituents revealed that tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, and saponins were present in P. djamor. Free radical scavenging activity on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl was 6.22%. Hypoglycemic testing revealed that the highest (P < 0.05) glucose consumption by poultry hepatocytes was at 2 mL of mushroom extract at 100 mg% glucose exposures, followed by 200 and 150 mg% exposures. These results indicated that P. djamor powder can be used to lower the risk of lifestyle diseases, including diabetes, and to alleviate malnutrition.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of antioxidant properties in cap and stipe of Lentinula edodes and #8211;a medicinal mushroom

Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 2015

were propagated using 2.0% Malt-Extract Agar (MEA) medium. Spawn of each mushroom Total phenolics... more were propagated using 2.0% Malt-Extract Agar (MEA) medium. Spawn of each mushroom Total phenolics, condensed tannins, ascorbic acid, total antioxidant activity, reducing power, ferric reducing antioxidant power, radical scavenging activity (RSA) on DPPH & ABTS and metal chelating activity of methanolic and aqueous extract from cap and stipe of Lentinula edodes have been evaluated. Different extracts contained 2.40-5.60 mg gallic acid equivalent of phenolics, 1.23-3.26 mg catechins equivalent of condensed tannins, and 2.31-11.96 mg ascorbic acid per gram of extract. Aqueous extract from cap contained higher phenolics, condensed tannins, ascorbic acid, RSA on DPPH and ABTS, reducing power, and metal chelating activity. We found that this mushroom species present antioxidant potential especially higher for cap indicating that the cap is the material that most contributes to the antioxidant activity.

Research paper thumbnail of Nanotechnology in Biotic Stress Management

CRC Press eBooks, Mar 22, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Alternaria alternata strain VLH1: a potential entomopathogenic fungus native to North Western Indian Himalayas

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Background The inadvertent observation of a substantial population reduction of greenhouse whitef... more Background The inadvertent observation of a substantial population reduction of greenhouse whiteflies infecting Salvia divinorum plants grown in a polyhouse sparked a flurry of inquiries on the cause of the population decline. The entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) (Alternaria alternata strain VLH1) infecting greenhouse whitefly on S. divinorum plants was isolated and morphologically and molecularly characterised using multilocus sequence typing. Results The fungus was found to be highly virulent against sucking pests; with LC50 values ranging from 1.7 × 104 to 2.5 × 106 spores per ml for the Mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach) and soybean sucking bug (Chauliops choprai Sweet and Schaeffer), respectively. In the lepidopteran larvae treated with a concentration of 3 × 105 spores per ml, the fungus induced developmental abnormalities such as aberrant larval to pupal moulting, defective pupae, and deformed adults. Pathogenicity studies on the two beneficial insects (Coccinella septe...

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Entomophily and Artificial Pollination in Enhancing Quality and Yield of Seed Onion (Allium cepa L.) in Indian Himalayas

Journal of Apicultural Science

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a highly cross pollinated crop that needs insect pollination (entomophi... more Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a highly cross pollinated crop that needs insect pollination (entomophily) for optimum seed set. In the present study, more than 120 insect species were noted to visit onion flowers, out of which fifty-nine species were collected through in-situ sampling technique and identified up to species level. The Indian bee (Apis cerana indica) was the most abundant insect pollinator visiting onion flowers in the study location. The pollination behaviour and foraging activity of A. c. indica were assessed, and the pollen foragers were observed to be swift flyers visiting a significantly higher number of flowers per minute during the peak flowering period and spending less time per flower (3 seconds) to collect nectar from deep seated nectaries of the flowers. The seed yield enhancement assessed through entomophily and artificial pollination methods showed that the open pollinated flowers recorded the highest yield statistically, followed by A. c. indica and A. mellif...

Research paper thumbnail of Identification of resistance sources against frogeye leaf spot (FLS) disease of soybean caused by Cercospora sojina under hot spot conditions of Uttarakhand hills

Indian Phytopathology

Frogeye leaf spot of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] caused by Cercospora sojina Hara is an impo... more Frogeye leaf spot of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] caused by Cercospora sojina Hara is an important disease that causes significant yield loss. The present investigation was carried out to identify the resistance source(s) against frogeye leaf spot (FLS) in soybean at Experimental Farm, Hawalbagh, ICAR–VPKAS, Almora, Uttarakhand, India, considered as hot spot for FLS, during kharif, 2018 and 2019. Forty five genotypes along with two susceptible checks were evaluated against FLS. Per cent Disease Index (PDI) varied from 1.9 to 78.8%. Out of 45 genotypes screened, none was Immune, 24.44% were highly resistant, 64.44% were moderately resistant, and 15.55% were moderately susceptible to FLS disease. Eleven genotypes i.e. NRC 88, VS 2004–9, VS 2005–40, VS 2006–17, DSB 11, NRC 84, AMS-MB-5-19, VLS 86, Himso 1685, MACS 1407, and MACS 1442 were found to be highly resistant (PDI 1.9% to 10.9%) with VS 2005–40 and MACS 1442 showed minimum and maximum PDI, respectively. These resistant genotypes can be used as source of donors for evolving resistant varieties against frogeye leaf spot disease in future breeding programme.

Research paper thumbnail of Unravelling geospatial distribution and genetic diversity of greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) from Himalayan Region

Scientific Reports, Jul 24, 2023

The Greenhouse whitefly (GWF), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is ... more The Greenhouse whitefly (GWF), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is a destructive pest that affects protected cultivation worldwide. The Indian Himalayan region is particularly vulnerable to GWF introduction, invasion, and spread due to the expansion of protected cultivation and climate change. In this study, we collected 32 naturally occurring GWF populations, mainly from the Uttarakhand state in the Indian Himalayan region, to investigate the distribution pattern and genetic diversity of T. vaporariorum. Our sampling was representative of the region's vegetation diversity and geographical location, and we collected samples from multiple sites within each locality to account for local variations. The mtCOI gene was used to accurately detect and identify GWF and to sequence haplotypes prevalent in the Uttarakhand state. The maximum likelihood method used for phylogenetic studies revealed that all 32 whitefly samples in this study belonged to T. vaporariorum and were prevalent in all the collected localities. Our population genetic study using mtCOI showed variation within T. vaporariorum populations, with 20 distinct haplotypes present. Notably, haplotype 2 (H2) was the most dominant haplotype among the sampled populations. These results provide fundamental knowledge for understanding the geographical distribution and ecology of T. vaporariorum in the Uttarakhand state of the Indian Himalayan region. The discovery of geospatial and genetic diversity of GWF in the Himalayan region underscores the importance of pest alertness, research prioritization, and the development of sustainable management strategies to protect crops. The Indian Himalaya is a biodiverse region, hosting 30,377 species of protozoa and animalia, representing about 30.16% of the total Indian fauna, with arthropods contributing 26,393 species 1. Unfortunately, the Indian Himalaya is vulnerable to climate change, which poses a risk of species emergence, outbreak, and extinction, and threatens food security in the region 2. Protected agriculture, which creates favorable microclimates to protect crops from biotic and abiotic stresses, has emerged as a new paradigm to improve food security, income, and crop protection in the region 3. Polyhouse structures have been used extensively for commercial cultivation of high-value and off-season vegetables in the Himalayas, but the microclimate under these structures can favor the growth and development of pests, diseases, and soil-borne nematodes, which can threaten crop productivity 4-6. Greenhouse whitefly (GWF), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a destructive pest problem for protected cultivation globally, infesting over 800 species of plants 7,8. The wide host range comprises tomato, eggplant , pepper, cucumber, chrysanthemum and other agriculturally important crops. Due to its polyphagous nature and potential to act as a virus vector, GWF has become a major scourge for protected cultivation practicing farmers.

Research paper thumbnail of Ragi (Finger millet) ka blast rog: Lakshan, pahachan & Samanvit prabhandan

Research paper thumbnail of Finger Millet Blast Disease: Potential Threat to Global Nutrition Security

Research paper thumbnail of Blast Disease: Historical Importance, Distribution, and Host Infectivity Across Cereal Crops

Research paper thumbnail of Phenotypic and Genotypic screening of fifty-two rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for desirable cultivars against blast disease

PLOS ONE, Mar 10, 2023

Magnaporthe oryzae, the rice blast fungus, is one of the most dangerous rice pathogens, causing c... more Magnaporthe oryzae, the rice blast fungus, is one of the most dangerous rice pathogens, causing considerable crop losses around the world. In order to explore the rice blast-resistant sources, initially performed a large-scale screening of 277 rice accessions. In parallel with field evaluations, fifty-two rice accessions were genotyped for 25 major blast resistance genes utilizing functional/gene-based markers based on their reactivity against rice blast disease. According to the phenotypic examination, 29 (58%) and 22 (42%) entries were found to be highly resistant, 18 (36%) and 29 (57%) showed moderate resistance, and 05 (6%) and 01 (1%), respectively, were highly susceptible to leaf and neck blast. The genetic frequency of 25 major blast resistance genes ranged from 32 to 60%, with two genotypes having a maximum of 16 R-genes each. The 52 rice accessions were divided into two groups based on cluster and population structure analysis. The highly resistant and moderately resistant accessions are divided into different groups using the principal coordinate analysis. According to the analysis of molecular variance, the maximum diversity was found within the population, while the minimum diversity was found between the populations. Two markers (RM5647 and K39512), which correspond to the blast-resistant genes Pi36 and Pik, respectively, showed a significant association to the neck blast disease, whereas three markers (Pi2-i, Pita3, and k2167), which correspond to the blast-resistant genes Pi2, Pita/ Pita2, and Pikm, respectively, showed a significant association to the leaf blast disease. The associated R-genes might be utilized in rice breeding programmes through marker-assisted breeding, and the identified resistant rice accessions could be used as prospective donors for the production of new resistant varieties in India and around the world.

Research paper thumbnail of Nanodiagnostics

CRC Press eBooks, Mar 22, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Parvatiya kshetro mein Gehun ki Jaivik Kheti

Research paper thumbnail of Integrated Pest management in Major crops

Research paper thumbnail of Parvatiya Kshetro me button mushroom ki kheti

Not AvailableNot AvailableNot Availabl

Research paper thumbnail of Entomopathogenic nematodes

Research paper thumbnail of Millets for Life: A Brief Introduction

Millets and Millet Technology, 2021

Millets or nutri-cereals are high-energy foods; that were domesticated and cultivated as early as... more Millets or nutri-cereals are high-energy foods; that were domesticated and cultivated as early as 10,000 years ago. The millets cultivation is taken up usually in degraded and marginal lands that receive very less rainfall and are poor in soil nutrient content. Seven important millets cultivated globally are finger millet, pearl millet, foxtail millet, barnyard millet, proso millet, kodo millet, and little millet. Overdependence on cereals after the green revolution and the present-day sedentary lifestyle of people has proliferated health-related disorders like obesity, diabetes, coronary diseases, gastrointestinal disorders and risk of colon, breast, and oesophageal cancer. The only way to fight back is through the introduction of nutritionally rich millets in our daily diets. Millets are unique for their richness in dietary fibers, antioxidants, minerals, phytochemicals, polyphenols, and proteins; that act as elixir to fight against health-related disorders. Recent global phenomen...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of dehulling, germination and cooking on nutrients, anti-nutrients, fatty acid composition and antioxidant properties in lentil (Lens culinaris)

Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2016

The changes in chemical composition, antioxidant activity and fatty acid composition of lentil fl... more The changes in chemical composition, antioxidant activity and fatty acid composition of lentil flour after dehulling, germination and cooking of seeds were investigated. Dehulling showed no significant effect on protein content, however, protein content decreased in most of the varieties after germination and cooking. Total soluble sugars (TSS) content increased significantly after dehulling (2.0-41.64 %) and cooking (2.08-31.07 %) whereas, germination had no significant effect on TSS content. Total lipids increased significantly after dehulling (21.56-42.86 %) whereas, it decreased significantly after germination (2.97-26.52 %) and cooking (23.05-58.63 %). Cooking was more effective than other methods in reducing trypsin inhibitors (80.51-85.41 %). Dehulling was most effective in reducing tannins (89.46-92.99 %) and phytic acid (52.63-60.00 %) content over raw seed. Myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acid content decreased while linolenic acid content increased after dehulling. Dehulling, germination and cooking decreased the content of antioxidant metabolite (gallic acid, catechin and quercetin) and also antioxidant activities. Raw samples followed by germinated samples showed the highest concentrations of phytochemicals responsible for antioxidant activity and also the antioxidant capacities. Present study showed germination and cooking would be useful in formulation and development of lentil based functional foods for human health benefits.

Research paper thumbnail of Antioxidant Activities and Mineral Composition of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) as Influenced by Different Drying Methods

Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2016

Mushrooms have various medicinal and nutritional properties and have used as food purposes since ... more Mushrooms have various medicinal and nutritional properties and have used as food purposes since decades [1]. Concentrated extracts of various dried mushrooms are used as medicines and dietary supplements [2]. Mushrooms are also a rich source of protein and mineral especially in vegetarian communities. In recent days, mushrooms have become an attractive functional food mainly because of their nutritional composition [3] and the antioxidant capacity of mushrooms to scavenge free radicals, which are responsible for oxidative damage of human cells. The antioxidants present in mushrooms are of great interest as protective agents to help the human body reduces oxidative damage. Oyster mushroom is a novel source of easily digestible form of protein than many legume and vegetable [4]. Pleurotus spp are also containing high quantities of carbohydrates, micronutrients and vitamins B complex, as well as low fat content [5]. However, mushroom are extremely perishable and the shelf life of most of the mushrooms is only about 24 h at ambient conditions and 7-10 days under controlled conditions because of its high moisture content and rich nutrients that spoil easily and quickly. The various physiological and morphological changes that occur after harvest make these mushrooms unacceptable for marketing hence consumption

Research paper thumbnail of Biotic Stress Management of Crop Plants using Nanomaterials

Biotic Stress Management of Crop Plants using Nanomaterials

Research paper thumbnail of The Pink Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus djamor(Agaricomycetes): A Potent Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Agent

International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 2021

The present investigation aimed to study the physicochemical properties, nutritional indices, ant... more The present investigation aimed to study the physicochemical properties, nutritional indices, antioxidant properties, and hypoglycemic effects of dried pink oyster mushroom (Pleurotus djamor) powder. The yield of dried mushroom powder was 8.54%, the oil absorption capacity was 3.34 mL/g, and the swelling index was 0.33 mL/g. A qualitative analysis of mycoconstituents revealed that tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, and saponins were present in P. djamor. Free radical scavenging activity on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl was 6.22%. Hypoglycemic testing revealed that the highest (P < 0.05) glucose consumption by poultry hepatocytes was at 2 mL of mushroom extract at 100 mg% glucose exposures, followed by 200 and 150 mg% exposures. These results indicated that P. djamor powder can be used to lower the risk of lifestyle diseases, including diabetes, and to alleviate malnutrition.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of antioxidant properties in cap and stipe of Lentinula edodes and #8211;a medicinal mushroom

Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 2015

were propagated using 2.0% Malt-Extract Agar (MEA) medium. Spawn of each mushroom Total phenolics... more were propagated using 2.0% Malt-Extract Agar (MEA) medium. Spawn of each mushroom Total phenolics, condensed tannins, ascorbic acid, total antioxidant activity, reducing power, ferric reducing antioxidant power, radical scavenging activity (RSA) on DPPH & ABTS and metal chelating activity of methanolic and aqueous extract from cap and stipe of Lentinula edodes have been evaluated. Different extracts contained 2.40-5.60 mg gallic acid equivalent of phenolics, 1.23-3.26 mg catechins equivalent of condensed tannins, and 2.31-11.96 mg ascorbic acid per gram of extract. Aqueous extract from cap contained higher phenolics, condensed tannins, ascorbic acid, RSA on DPPH and ABTS, reducing power, and metal chelating activity. We found that this mushroom species present antioxidant potential especially higher for cap indicating that the cap is the material that most contributes to the antioxidant activity.

Research paper thumbnail of Nanotechnology in Biotic Stress Management

CRC Press eBooks, Mar 22, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Alternaria alternata strain VLH1: a potential entomopathogenic fungus native to North Western Indian Himalayas

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Background The inadvertent observation of a substantial population reduction of greenhouse whitef... more Background The inadvertent observation of a substantial population reduction of greenhouse whiteflies infecting Salvia divinorum plants grown in a polyhouse sparked a flurry of inquiries on the cause of the population decline. The entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) (Alternaria alternata strain VLH1) infecting greenhouse whitefly on S. divinorum plants was isolated and morphologically and molecularly characterised using multilocus sequence typing. Results The fungus was found to be highly virulent against sucking pests; with LC50 values ranging from 1.7 × 104 to 2.5 × 106 spores per ml for the Mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach) and soybean sucking bug (Chauliops choprai Sweet and Schaeffer), respectively. In the lepidopteran larvae treated with a concentration of 3 × 105 spores per ml, the fungus induced developmental abnormalities such as aberrant larval to pupal moulting, defective pupae, and deformed adults. Pathogenicity studies on the two beneficial insects (Coccinella septe...

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Entomophily and Artificial Pollination in Enhancing Quality and Yield of Seed Onion (Allium cepa L.) in Indian Himalayas

Journal of Apicultural Science

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a highly cross pollinated crop that needs insect pollination (entomophi... more Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a highly cross pollinated crop that needs insect pollination (entomophily) for optimum seed set. In the present study, more than 120 insect species were noted to visit onion flowers, out of which fifty-nine species were collected through in-situ sampling technique and identified up to species level. The Indian bee (Apis cerana indica) was the most abundant insect pollinator visiting onion flowers in the study location. The pollination behaviour and foraging activity of A. c. indica were assessed, and the pollen foragers were observed to be swift flyers visiting a significantly higher number of flowers per minute during the peak flowering period and spending less time per flower (3 seconds) to collect nectar from deep seated nectaries of the flowers. The seed yield enhancement assessed through entomophily and artificial pollination methods showed that the open pollinated flowers recorded the highest yield statistically, followed by A. c. indica and A. mellif...

Research paper thumbnail of Identification of resistance sources against frogeye leaf spot (FLS) disease of soybean caused by Cercospora sojina under hot spot conditions of Uttarakhand hills

Indian Phytopathology

Frogeye leaf spot of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] caused by Cercospora sojina Hara is an impo... more Frogeye leaf spot of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] caused by Cercospora sojina Hara is an important disease that causes significant yield loss. The present investigation was carried out to identify the resistance source(s) against frogeye leaf spot (FLS) in soybean at Experimental Farm, Hawalbagh, ICAR–VPKAS, Almora, Uttarakhand, India, considered as hot spot for FLS, during kharif, 2018 and 2019. Forty five genotypes along with two susceptible checks were evaluated against FLS. Per cent Disease Index (PDI) varied from 1.9 to 78.8%. Out of 45 genotypes screened, none was Immune, 24.44% were highly resistant, 64.44% were moderately resistant, and 15.55% were moderately susceptible to FLS disease. Eleven genotypes i.e. NRC 88, VS 2004–9, VS 2005–40, VS 2006–17, DSB 11, NRC 84, AMS-MB-5-19, VLS 86, Himso 1685, MACS 1407, and MACS 1442 were found to be highly resistant (PDI 1.9% to 10.9%) with VS 2005–40 and MACS 1442 showed minimum and maximum PDI, respectively. These resistant genotypes can be used as source of donors for evolving resistant varieties against frogeye leaf spot disease in future breeding programme.