Krishnan Kathiravan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Krishnan Kathiravan

Research paper thumbnail of Direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from immature explants of chickpea

Germination and plant recovery were achieved at a frequency of about 30% without the use of growt... more Germination and plant recovery were achieved at a frequency of about 30% without the use of growth regulators. The TIS protocol described above represents an in vitro system potential for rapid proliferation and synchronized development of tea somatic embryos from cotyledon cultures, and their regeneration into plantlets without an intervening callus phase.

Research paper thumbnail of Biocompatible thiolate protected copper nanoclusters for an efficient imaging of lung cancer cells

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

Research paper thumbnail of Sweet Corn (Zea mays L. var. rugosa) Derived Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots for Selective Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide and Bioimaging Applications

Research paper thumbnail of Germinating potential of Phyllanthus amarus seeds: evaluation of biochemical parameters

SN Applied Sciences

Collection, authentication, optimisation of storage conditions and selection of suitable propagul... more Collection, authentication, optimisation of storage conditions and selection of suitable propagules for propagation and conservation are crucial in the case of wild-growing medicinal plants which have adaptive variations under different climate regimes. The present study aims to understand the factors (here, seed types and storage conditions) that influence the germination potential of wild-collected Phyllanthus amarus L. (Euphorbiaceae) using biochemical characteristics of seeds, besides taxonomical authentication of the species. The amplicons of 1150 bp in SCAR marker analysis and 6-7 ribs on seed surface shown by scanning electron micrograph confirmed that the wild-collected specimen is P. amarus. Interestingly, the mature green seeds harvested and shade-dried within 0-3 days exhibited maximum sink percentage (55.8%) and showed a significantly (p < 0.001) higher germination percentage with carbohydrate and proteins than the float seeds. However, the float seeds contained 33% less fat content than the sink seeds. Upon storage, the germinability of P. amarus seeds was found to be 12 months at 4 °C without moisture. This shows that viable seeds can be harvested and stored appropriately to ensure longevity. This study makes a case for the preservation of seasonal, short lifespan seeds such as P. amarus.

Research paper thumbnail of Scanometric Detection of Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Viral DNA Using Mono- and Bifunctional AuNP-Conjugated Oligonucleotide Probes

ACS Omega

Scanometric detection of tomato leaf curl New Delhi viral DNA using AuNP-conjugated mono-and bifu... more Scanometric detection of tomato leaf curl New Delhi viral DNA using AuNP-conjugated mono-and bifunctional oligo probes through direct DNA hybridization assay (DDH assay) and sandwich DNA hybridization assay (SDH assay) with silver enhancement was developed. Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) coat protein gene-specific thiol-modified ssoligo probes were used for the preparation of mono-and bifunctional AuNP-ssoligo probe conjugates (signal probes). ssDNA arrays were prepared using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), rolling circle amplification (RCA), genomic DNAs fragments, and phosphate-modified positive control/capture probes through 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide/1-methylimidazole conjugation on the amine-modified glass slide (GS) surface. In the DDH assay, signal probes were directly hybridized with ssDNA array of positive control and ToLCNDV DNA samples and the detection signals were amplified by silver enhancement. Dark black/gray colors were developed on the GS by the result of Ag enhancement, which can be visualized and discriminated by the naked eye. The images were captured using a simple flatbed scanner, and the determined amounts of signal probes were hybridized with their target DNA. Similarly, the SDH assay also performed through two rounds of hybridization between capture probes and target DNA; target DNA and signal probes followed by silver enhancement. The detection signals were found higher in the PCR sample than the RCA and genomic DNA samples because of the presence of increased copy numbers of complementary DNAs in PCR samples. Further, bifunctional AuNP-ssoligo probe shows higher intensity of detection signal than monofunctional probes because it can be hybridized with both strands of dsDNA targets. Moreover, the DDH-based scanometric method showed higher detection sensitivity than the SDH assay-based scanometric method. Overall, bifunctional signal probes showed more detection sensitivity than monofunctional probes in scanometric methods based on both DDH and SDH assays. The limit of detection of this developed scanometric method was optimized (100 zM to 100 pM concentration). Further, DDH assay-based scanometric method shows significant advantages over the SDH assay method, such as costeffectiveness, because it requires only single probes (signal probes), less time-consuming by the need of only single-step hybridization, and higher detection sensitivity (up to zM). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt made to develop a scanometric-based nanoassay method for the detection of plant viral DNA. This approach will be a remarkable milestone for the application of nanotechnology in the development of nanobiosensor for plant pathogen detection.

Research paper thumbnail of Natural Infection and Recombination Analysis of Bipartite Begomovirus and its Cognate Beta-satellite in Benincasa hispida

International Journal of Virology

Research paper thumbnail of Developing a Programmable, Self-Assembling Squash Leaf Curl China Virus (SLCCNV) Capsid Proteins into “Nanocargo”-like Architecture

ACS Applied Bio Materials

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Surface Hydrophobicity of Dicationic Amphiphile-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles on A549 Lung Cancer Cells

ACS Omega

Herein, we report the surface functionality of dicationic cysteamine conjugated cholic acid (DCaC... more Herein, we report the surface functionality of dicationic cysteamine conjugated cholic acid (DCaC), dicationic cysteamine conjugated deoxycholic acid (DCaDC), and dicationic cysteamine conjugated lithocholic acid (DCaLC) templated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on mammalian cells. The haemocompatibility of the synthesized NPs was evaluated by in vitro hemolysis and erythrocyte sedimentation rate using human red blood cells (RBCs). In all of the systems, no toxicity was observed on human erythrocytes (RBCs) up to the concentration of 120 μg/mL. The anticancer activity of these dicationic amphiphile-stabilized AuNPs on A549 lung cancer cells was demonstrated by in vitro cell viability assay, intracellular reactive oxygen species estimation by DCFH-DA, apoptosis analysis using AO-EtBr fluorescence staining, DNA fragmentation analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis, and western blot analysis of caspase-3 expression. These results suggest that the cytotoxicity of AuNPs to A549 cells increase with the dose and hydrophobicity of amphiphiles and were found to be in the order: DCaLC-AuNPs > DCaDC-AuNPs > DCaC-AuNPs.

Research paper thumbnail of Auric Chloride Induced Micellization on Fractal Patterned Dicationic Amphiphiles and Stabilization of Gold Nanoparticles

ACS Omega

The present article reports the development of sunlight-mediated rapid synthesis of bile acid der... more The present article reports the development of sunlight-mediated rapid synthesis of bile acid derived dicationic amphiphiles, namely, dicationic cysteamine-conjugated cholic acid (DCaC), dicationic cysteamine-conjugated deoxycholic acid (DCaDC), and dicationic cysteamineconjugated lithocholic acid (DCaLC) by adopting thiol−yne click chemistry approach. The auric chloride (AuHCl 4) induced micellization of amphiphiles from fractal pattern to chainlike aggregates was examined by critical micelle concentration measurements, quenching studies, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy techniques. The micelles thus formed act as ideal templates for the stabilization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and exhibit good stability for more than 6 months. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized using UV−visible spectroscopy, highresolution transmission electron microscopy, DLS, zeta potential, and contact angle measurements. These NPs showed high salt tolerance, and the levels were found to be 420, 460, and 580 mM for DCaC-, DCaDC-, and DCaLC-capped AuNPs, respectively.

Research paper thumbnail of Label Free Fluorometric Characterization of DNA Interaction with Cholate Capped Gold Nanoparticles Using Ethidium Bromide as a Fluorescent Probe

Journal of Fluorescence, 2014

We demonstrated label free ethidium bromide assisted characterization of DNA interaction with cho... more We demonstrated label free ethidium bromide assisted characterization of DNA interaction with cholate capped AuNPs. Interactions between ss/ds DNA and AuNPs with two different lengths (0.5 and 0.85 kb) were analyzed through fluorescence spectrophotometer and agrose gel electrophoresis analysis. Further results were confirmed by UV-globally visible spectrophotometer, DLS and TEM. As 0.5 and 0.85 kb of ssDNA effectively interacted with AuNPs through the van der Waals interaction which consequently led to the prevention of salt induced aggregation, EtBr intercalations as well as fluorescence shift with less binding constant 0.098 and 0.108 μM, respectively. On the contrary, the same length of dsDNA (0.5 and 0.85 kb) not interacted with AuNPs which led to the NPs aggregation, EtBr intercalation as well as fluorescence shift with increased binding constant 0.166 and 0.599 μM, respectively. This approach helped to understand the mode of interactions of DNA with cholate capped AuNPs without any modifications in a simple method and the results could be readout through the naked eye under the UV transilluminator.

Research paper thumbnail of Erratum to: Gold nanoparticles assisted characterization of amine functionalized polystyrene multiwell plate and glass slide surfaces

Applied Nanoscience, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Diversity and analysis of sequences encoded by arcelin genes from Indian wild pulses resistant to bruchids

Process Biochemistry, 2013

ABSTRACT Wild pulse accessions are considered a vital source of genes for insect resistance for c... more ABSTRACT Wild pulse accessions are considered a vital source of genes for insect resistance for crop improvement programmes. Wild pulses resistant to infestation towards the bruchid insect pest, Callosobruchus maculatus from South India were chosen to screen the existence of potent insecticidal protein, arcelin from APA locus (Arcelin / Phytohemagglutinin / á-Amylase inhibitor) to ascertain their nature and functional diversity without any specific indication for insect resistant factors. The DNA sequence coding for arcelin from various species of wild pulses were amplified, sequenced and deduced to their protein sequences. These protein sequences were examined physico-chemically using several bioinformatics tools and docked with various sugars to resolve the nature of arcelin molecules. Results indicated the presence of significant differences in the properties of arcelin molecules from various species of Indian wild pulses with their amino acid sequences, several physico-chemical properties and binding ability with sugars. The differences observed on these arcelin molecules from diverse wild pulses are predicted to provide a prospective insect pest control factors.

Research paper thumbnail of An efficient regeneration system via somatic embryogenesis in olive

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2011

An efficient regeneration system via somatic embryogenesis in mango ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.

Research paper thumbnail of Adventitious regeneration in vitro occurs across a wide spectrum of squash (Cucurbita pepo) genotypes

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 2006

Cucurbita pepo L. (squash, pumpkin) is a highly polymorphic vegetable species of major importance... more Cucurbita pepo L. (squash, pumpkin) is a highly polymorphic vegetable species of major importance. Our study characterized a spectrum of C. pepo germplasm for the ability to regenerate in vitro by direct organogenesis from cotyledon explants. Cultivars tested included both cultivated subspecies, texana and pepo, and nearly all of their respective cultivar-groups. Direct shoot regeneration occurred in all accessions, and was generally high (56-94%), with a single exception of 22% ('Bolognese'). There was no significant difference between the percentage regeneration of the two subspecies. Shoot regeneration per responding explant was uniform (1.2-1.6 shoots per explant). Only 'True French' produced statistically more shoots (3.9 per explant) than other accessions. The morphology of regeneration varied. Most cultivars produced long shoots, often fasciated, amid a few small buds. Some subspecies pepo cultivars (Beirut, Yugoslavia 7, Ma'yan and True French) produced short, massive, hollow shoots, sometimes accompanied by shoots that were more normal. Two subspecies texana cultivars (Creamy Straightneck and Small Bicolor) produced single (sometimes double) shoots without other buds. The production of chimeric (mixoploid) regenerants varied and there was a tendency to regenerate chimeric plants from the widest-fruited accessions (i.e. lowest length-to-width ratio) in each subspecies. Subspecies pepo Pumpkin Group 'Tondo di Nizza' showed significantly greater production of chimeric regenerants. In comparison with the great range of variation observed in fruit shape, the variation of in vitro responses (mostly less than 2-fold in regeneration and shoot production) was less than expected.

Research paper thumbnail of Photography as a tool of research and documentation in plant tissue culture

In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 2004

Summary Scientific photography is an important facet of plant tissue culture. The aim of photogra... more Summary Scientific photography is an important facet of plant tissue culture. The aim of photography in plant tissue culture should be to illustrate clearly the developmental stages occurring in vitro. However, the photographic results presented in publications are often ...

Research paper thumbnail of High frequency in vitro propagation of Kidney Tea Plant

Plant cell, tissue and …, 2003

Résumé/Abstract Multiple shoots were obtained on MS medium containing 2.22 μM BA, from nodal expl... more Résumé/Abstract Multiple shoots were obtained on MS medium containing 2.22 μM BA, from nodal explants of a medicinally valuable plant Orthosiphon spiralis (Lour.) Murr.'Kidney Tea Plant'. The regenerated shoots were further subcultured and rooted on 1/2 strength MS ...

Research paper thumbnail of Induction of Embryo-like Structures by Liquid Culture in Mulberry (Morus alba L.)

Research paper thumbnail of Somatic Embryogenesis In Cell Suspension Cultures of Acacia Sinuata (Lour.) Merr

In Vitro Cellular & …, 2002

Suspension cultures of calli derived from seedling leaf explants of Cajanus cajan L. var. Vamban-... more Suspension cultures of calli derived from seedling leaf explants of Cajanus cajan L. var. Vamban-1 produced somatic embryos. The highest embryogenic frequency was induced on semisolid MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) medium supplemented with 6.78 µM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The maximum frequency of somatic embryogenesis was observed when this callus was transferred to MS liquid medium supplemented with 4.52 µM 2,4-D. Further studies on ontogeny of somatic embryos showed that the cells destined to become somatic embryos divided into spherical proembryos. Subsequent divisions in the proembryo led to globular, heart and torpedo-shaped somatic embryos. The germination of somatic embryos occurred on auxin-free MS basal medium. Effects of various auxins, cytokinins and carbohydrates on induction and frequency of somatic embryogenesis were studied. A medium supplemented with 4.52 µM of 2,4-D and 87.64 mM sucrose was effective in inducing a higher frequency of somatic embryos, whereas cytokinin had no effect and led to recallusing of embryos. About 5-6% of embryos converted into plants.

Research paper thumbnail of Direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from immature explants of chickpea

Germination and plant recovery were achieved at a frequency of about 30% without the use of growt... more Germination and plant recovery were achieved at a frequency of about 30% without the use of growth regulators. The TIS protocol described above represents an in vitro system potential for rapid proliferation and synchronized development of tea somatic embryos from cotyledon cultures, and their regeneration into plantlets without an intervening callus phase.

Research paper thumbnail of Biocompatible thiolate protected copper nanoclusters for an efficient imaging of lung cancer cells

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

Research paper thumbnail of Sweet Corn (Zea mays L. var. rugosa) Derived Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots for Selective Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide and Bioimaging Applications

Research paper thumbnail of Germinating potential of Phyllanthus amarus seeds: evaluation of biochemical parameters

SN Applied Sciences

Collection, authentication, optimisation of storage conditions and selection of suitable propagul... more Collection, authentication, optimisation of storage conditions and selection of suitable propagules for propagation and conservation are crucial in the case of wild-growing medicinal plants which have adaptive variations under different climate regimes. The present study aims to understand the factors (here, seed types and storage conditions) that influence the germination potential of wild-collected Phyllanthus amarus L. (Euphorbiaceae) using biochemical characteristics of seeds, besides taxonomical authentication of the species. The amplicons of 1150 bp in SCAR marker analysis and 6-7 ribs on seed surface shown by scanning electron micrograph confirmed that the wild-collected specimen is P. amarus. Interestingly, the mature green seeds harvested and shade-dried within 0-3 days exhibited maximum sink percentage (55.8%) and showed a significantly (p < 0.001) higher germination percentage with carbohydrate and proteins than the float seeds. However, the float seeds contained 33% less fat content than the sink seeds. Upon storage, the germinability of P. amarus seeds was found to be 12 months at 4 °C without moisture. This shows that viable seeds can be harvested and stored appropriately to ensure longevity. This study makes a case for the preservation of seasonal, short lifespan seeds such as P. amarus.

Research paper thumbnail of Scanometric Detection of Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Viral DNA Using Mono- and Bifunctional AuNP-Conjugated Oligonucleotide Probes

ACS Omega

Scanometric detection of tomato leaf curl New Delhi viral DNA using AuNP-conjugated mono-and bifu... more Scanometric detection of tomato leaf curl New Delhi viral DNA using AuNP-conjugated mono-and bifunctional oligo probes through direct DNA hybridization assay (DDH assay) and sandwich DNA hybridization assay (SDH assay) with silver enhancement was developed. Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) coat protein gene-specific thiol-modified ssoligo probes were used for the preparation of mono-and bifunctional AuNP-ssoligo probe conjugates (signal probes). ssDNA arrays were prepared using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), rolling circle amplification (RCA), genomic DNAs fragments, and phosphate-modified positive control/capture probes through 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide/1-methylimidazole conjugation on the amine-modified glass slide (GS) surface. In the DDH assay, signal probes were directly hybridized with ssDNA array of positive control and ToLCNDV DNA samples and the detection signals were amplified by silver enhancement. Dark black/gray colors were developed on the GS by the result of Ag enhancement, which can be visualized and discriminated by the naked eye. The images were captured using a simple flatbed scanner, and the determined amounts of signal probes were hybridized with their target DNA. Similarly, the SDH assay also performed through two rounds of hybridization between capture probes and target DNA; target DNA and signal probes followed by silver enhancement. The detection signals were found higher in the PCR sample than the RCA and genomic DNA samples because of the presence of increased copy numbers of complementary DNAs in PCR samples. Further, bifunctional AuNP-ssoligo probe shows higher intensity of detection signal than monofunctional probes because it can be hybridized with both strands of dsDNA targets. Moreover, the DDH-based scanometric method showed higher detection sensitivity than the SDH assay-based scanometric method. Overall, bifunctional signal probes showed more detection sensitivity than monofunctional probes in scanometric methods based on both DDH and SDH assays. The limit of detection of this developed scanometric method was optimized (100 zM to 100 pM concentration). Further, DDH assay-based scanometric method shows significant advantages over the SDH assay method, such as costeffectiveness, because it requires only single probes (signal probes), less time-consuming by the need of only single-step hybridization, and higher detection sensitivity (up to zM). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt made to develop a scanometric-based nanoassay method for the detection of plant viral DNA. This approach will be a remarkable milestone for the application of nanotechnology in the development of nanobiosensor for plant pathogen detection.

Research paper thumbnail of Natural Infection and Recombination Analysis of Bipartite Begomovirus and its Cognate Beta-satellite in Benincasa hispida

International Journal of Virology

Research paper thumbnail of Developing a Programmable, Self-Assembling Squash Leaf Curl China Virus (SLCCNV) Capsid Proteins into “Nanocargo”-like Architecture

ACS Applied Bio Materials

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Surface Hydrophobicity of Dicationic Amphiphile-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles on A549 Lung Cancer Cells

ACS Omega

Herein, we report the surface functionality of dicationic cysteamine conjugated cholic acid (DCaC... more Herein, we report the surface functionality of dicationic cysteamine conjugated cholic acid (DCaC), dicationic cysteamine conjugated deoxycholic acid (DCaDC), and dicationic cysteamine conjugated lithocholic acid (DCaLC) templated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on mammalian cells. The haemocompatibility of the synthesized NPs was evaluated by in vitro hemolysis and erythrocyte sedimentation rate using human red blood cells (RBCs). In all of the systems, no toxicity was observed on human erythrocytes (RBCs) up to the concentration of 120 μg/mL. The anticancer activity of these dicationic amphiphile-stabilized AuNPs on A549 lung cancer cells was demonstrated by in vitro cell viability assay, intracellular reactive oxygen species estimation by DCFH-DA, apoptosis analysis using AO-EtBr fluorescence staining, DNA fragmentation analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis, and western blot analysis of caspase-3 expression. These results suggest that the cytotoxicity of AuNPs to A549 cells increase with the dose and hydrophobicity of amphiphiles and were found to be in the order: DCaLC-AuNPs > DCaDC-AuNPs > DCaC-AuNPs.

Research paper thumbnail of Auric Chloride Induced Micellization on Fractal Patterned Dicationic Amphiphiles and Stabilization of Gold Nanoparticles

ACS Omega

The present article reports the development of sunlight-mediated rapid synthesis of bile acid der... more The present article reports the development of sunlight-mediated rapid synthesis of bile acid derived dicationic amphiphiles, namely, dicationic cysteamine-conjugated cholic acid (DCaC), dicationic cysteamine-conjugated deoxycholic acid (DCaDC), and dicationic cysteamineconjugated lithocholic acid (DCaLC) by adopting thiol−yne click chemistry approach. The auric chloride (AuHCl 4) induced micellization of amphiphiles from fractal pattern to chainlike aggregates was examined by critical micelle concentration measurements, quenching studies, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy techniques. The micelles thus formed act as ideal templates for the stabilization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and exhibit good stability for more than 6 months. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized using UV−visible spectroscopy, highresolution transmission electron microscopy, DLS, zeta potential, and contact angle measurements. These NPs showed high salt tolerance, and the levels were found to be 420, 460, and 580 mM for DCaC-, DCaDC-, and DCaLC-capped AuNPs, respectively.

Research paper thumbnail of Label Free Fluorometric Characterization of DNA Interaction with Cholate Capped Gold Nanoparticles Using Ethidium Bromide as a Fluorescent Probe

Journal of Fluorescence, 2014

We demonstrated label free ethidium bromide assisted characterization of DNA interaction with cho... more We demonstrated label free ethidium bromide assisted characterization of DNA interaction with cholate capped AuNPs. Interactions between ss/ds DNA and AuNPs with two different lengths (0.5 and 0.85 kb) were analyzed through fluorescence spectrophotometer and agrose gel electrophoresis analysis. Further results were confirmed by UV-globally visible spectrophotometer, DLS and TEM. As 0.5 and 0.85 kb of ssDNA effectively interacted with AuNPs through the van der Waals interaction which consequently led to the prevention of salt induced aggregation, EtBr intercalations as well as fluorescence shift with less binding constant 0.098 and 0.108 μM, respectively. On the contrary, the same length of dsDNA (0.5 and 0.85 kb) not interacted with AuNPs which led to the NPs aggregation, EtBr intercalation as well as fluorescence shift with increased binding constant 0.166 and 0.599 μM, respectively. This approach helped to understand the mode of interactions of DNA with cholate capped AuNPs without any modifications in a simple method and the results could be readout through the naked eye under the UV transilluminator.

Research paper thumbnail of Erratum to: Gold nanoparticles assisted characterization of amine functionalized polystyrene multiwell plate and glass slide surfaces

Applied Nanoscience, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Diversity and analysis of sequences encoded by arcelin genes from Indian wild pulses resistant to bruchids

Process Biochemistry, 2013

ABSTRACT Wild pulse accessions are considered a vital source of genes for insect resistance for c... more ABSTRACT Wild pulse accessions are considered a vital source of genes for insect resistance for crop improvement programmes. Wild pulses resistant to infestation towards the bruchid insect pest, Callosobruchus maculatus from South India were chosen to screen the existence of potent insecticidal protein, arcelin from APA locus (Arcelin / Phytohemagglutinin / á-Amylase inhibitor) to ascertain their nature and functional diversity without any specific indication for insect resistant factors. The DNA sequence coding for arcelin from various species of wild pulses were amplified, sequenced and deduced to their protein sequences. These protein sequences were examined physico-chemically using several bioinformatics tools and docked with various sugars to resolve the nature of arcelin molecules. Results indicated the presence of significant differences in the properties of arcelin molecules from various species of Indian wild pulses with their amino acid sequences, several physico-chemical properties and binding ability with sugars. The differences observed on these arcelin molecules from diverse wild pulses are predicted to provide a prospective insect pest control factors.

Research paper thumbnail of An efficient regeneration system via somatic embryogenesis in olive

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2011

An efficient regeneration system via somatic embryogenesis in mango ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.

Research paper thumbnail of Adventitious regeneration in vitro occurs across a wide spectrum of squash (Cucurbita pepo) genotypes

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 2006

Cucurbita pepo L. (squash, pumpkin) is a highly polymorphic vegetable species of major importance... more Cucurbita pepo L. (squash, pumpkin) is a highly polymorphic vegetable species of major importance. Our study characterized a spectrum of C. pepo germplasm for the ability to regenerate in vitro by direct organogenesis from cotyledon explants. Cultivars tested included both cultivated subspecies, texana and pepo, and nearly all of their respective cultivar-groups. Direct shoot regeneration occurred in all accessions, and was generally high (56-94%), with a single exception of 22% ('Bolognese'). There was no significant difference between the percentage regeneration of the two subspecies. Shoot regeneration per responding explant was uniform (1.2-1.6 shoots per explant). Only 'True French' produced statistically more shoots (3.9 per explant) than other accessions. The morphology of regeneration varied. Most cultivars produced long shoots, often fasciated, amid a few small buds. Some subspecies pepo cultivars (Beirut, Yugoslavia 7, Ma'yan and True French) produced short, massive, hollow shoots, sometimes accompanied by shoots that were more normal. Two subspecies texana cultivars (Creamy Straightneck and Small Bicolor) produced single (sometimes double) shoots without other buds. The production of chimeric (mixoploid) regenerants varied and there was a tendency to regenerate chimeric plants from the widest-fruited accessions (i.e. lowest length-to-width ratio) in each subspecies. Subspecies pepo Pumpkin Group 'Tondo di Nizza' showed significantly greater production of chimeric regenerants. In comparison with the great range of variation observed in fruit shape, the variation of in vitro responses (mostly less than 2-fold in regeneration and shoot production) was less than expected.

Research paper thumbnail of Photography as a tool of research and documentation in plant tissue culture

In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 2004

Summary Scientific photography is an important facet of plant tissue culture. The aim of photogra... more Summary Scientific photography is an important facet of plant tissue culture. The aim of photography in plant tissue culture should be to illustrate clearly the developmental stages occurring in vitro. However, the photographic results presented in publications are often ...

Research paper thumbnail of High frequency in vitro propagation of Kidney Tea Plant

Plant cell, tissue and …, 2003

Résumé/Abstract Multiple shoots were obtained on MS medium containing 2.22 μM BA, from nodal expl... more Résumé/Abstract Multiple shoots were obtained on MS medium containing 2.22 μM BA, from nodal explants of a medicinally valuable plant Orthosiphon spiralis (Lour.) Murr.'Kidney Tea Plant'. The regenerated shoots were further subcultured and rooted on 1/2 strength MS ...

Research paper thumbnail of Induction of Embryo-like Structures by Liquid Culture in Mulberry (Morus alba L.)

Research paper thumbnail of Somatic Embryogenesis In Cell Suspension Cultures of Acacia Sinuata (Lour.) Merr

In Vitro Cellular & …, 2002

Suspension cultures of calli derived from seedling leaf explants of Cajanus cajan L. var. Vamban-... more Suspension cultures of calli derived from seedling leaf explants of Cajanus cajan L. var. Vamban-1 produced somatic embryos. The highest embryogenic frequency was induced on semisolid MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) medium supplemented with 6.78 µM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The maximum frequency of somatic embryogenesis was observed when this callus was transferred to MS liquid medium supplemented with 4.52 µM 2,4-D. Further studies on ontogeny of somatic embryos showed that the cells destined to become somatic embryos divided into spherical proembryos. Subsequent divisions in the proembryo led to globular, heart and torpedo-shaped somatic embryos. The germination of somatic embryos occurred on auxin-free MS basal medium. Effects of various auxins, cytokinins and carbohydrates on induction and frequency of somatic embryogenesis were studied. A medium supplemented with 4.52 µM of 2,4-D and 87.64 mM sucrose was effective in inducing a higher frequency of somatic embryos, whereas cytokinin had no effect and led to recallusing of embryos. About 5-6% of embryos converted into plants.