Kurnia dewi Sasmita - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Kurnia dewi Sasmita

Research paper thumbnail of Dampak pengelolaan fisik tanah terhadap produksi jagung (Zea Mays L.) dan efisiensi pemupukan nitrogen dalam sistem pertanian surjan di vertisol

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Biochar and Decomposers to The Composting Process of Cocoa Husk and Enrichment Using Phosphate Solubilizing Microbe to Improve The Quality Organic Fertilizer Haryanti1)*

Indonesia is the third largest contributor to the world cocoa market. This causes the solid waste... more Indonesia is the third largest contributor to the world cocoa market. This causes the solid waste produced to reach more than 60% of the total fruit production. But the use of cocoa husk waste by farmers is not optimal. In general, farmers only dispose of or immerse cocoa husk waste without processing it into quality organic fertilizer. This study aims to determine: (i) The influence of biochar and decomposers in accelerating the process of composting cocoa husk waste and improving the quality of organic fertilizers, (ii) Knowing the effect of adding Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (BPF) to organic fertilizer derived from cocoa husk waste on the growth of cocoa seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.). The research was carried out from September 2014 to August 2015. The first phase of the research was carried out using a factorial 2 factor design in the Completely Randomized Design (RAL) to evaluate the effect of adding biochar and decomposers to accelerate the composting process of cocoa hus...

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Mikroba Rizosfer untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Serapan Hara pada Tanaman Lada

Lada ( Piper nigrum L.) merupakan tanaman yang penyerapan haranya tinggi dan sebagian besar ditan... more Lada ( Piper nigrum L.) merupakan tanaman yang penyerapan haranya tinggi dan sebagian besar ditanam di lahan marginal sehingga memerlukan jumlah pupuk yang relatif tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perlu upaya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan pada lada, salah satunya dengan menggunakan pupuk hayati yang mengandung mikroba penambat N 2 dan pelarut hara P. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh mikroba rizosfer indigenous terhadap pertumbuhan dan serapan hara N, P, dan K pada tanaman lada. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dicoba adalah: K0) tanpa inokulum dan tanpa pupuk (Kontrol), K1) tanpa inokulum + 50% pupuk, K2) tanpa inokulum + 100% pupuk, H1) inokulum Azotobacter (PN LCNa) + 50% pupuk, H2) inokulum Azotobacter (PN LCNb) + 50% pupuk, H3) inokulum Penicillium (PF LSK 1b) + 50% pupuk, H4) inokulum bakteri pelarut fosfat (PF LSK 1a) + 50% pupuk, dan H5) mikoriza + 50% pupuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan mikroba penambat N 2 (isolat PN LCNa dan PN LCNb) dan pelarut P (isolat PF LSK 1b dan PF LSK 1a) yang masing-masing disertai dengan pemberian pupuk NPK 50% dari dosis anjuran memberikan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan cabang tanaman lada yang cukup baik. Keempat inokulum tersebut dapat meningkatkan secara nyata bobot segar dan kering tajuk, serta serapan hara N, P dan K oleh tanaman lada dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa inokulum yang dipupuk dengan NPK dosis penuh (100%). The U se of Rhizosphere Microbes to Improve The Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Black Pepper (Piper Nigrum L .) ABSTRACT Black p epper (Piper nigrum L.) belongs to plant s which have high in nutrient uptake . If the plant is grown on marginal land s it will requires a relatively high amount of fertiliz er that should be added . Therefore, it needs an effort to improve the ir efficiency on growing of the crop. The use of bio- fertilizer containing N fixing bacteria and P solubilizing microbes is expected be able to minimize the use of inorganic fertilizer s. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of several indigenous rhizosphere microbes on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P, and K in black pepper. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and three reflications was used in this study. The treatment s exemined were: K0 ) without ino c ulum and without fertilizer ( c ontrol) , K1 ) without ino c ulum + 50% fertilizer , K2 ) without i noc ulum + 100% fertilizer , H1 ) ino c ulum of Azotobacter (PN LCNa) + 50% fertilizer, H2 ) ino c ulum of Azotobacter (PN LCNb) + 50% fertilizer, H3 ) ino c ulum of Penicillium (PF LSK 1b) + 50% fertilizer , H4 ) ino c ulum of phosphate solubilizinng micro be (PF LSK 1a) + 50% fertilizer , dan H5 ) m ycorrhiza + 50% fertilizer. The results showed that application of N fixing microbes ( isolate PN LCNa dan PN LCNb ) and P solubilizing microbes ( isolate PN LCNa dan PN LCNb) combined with 50% of added fertilizers were able to give better growth of black pepper, particularly in plant height and number of branches . Moreover, ap p lication of N fixing and P solubilizing micro bes also increased significantly in dry and fresh weight of the shoot and nutrient uptake of N, P, and K compare d with without inoculum combined with 100% added NPK fertilizer.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Biofertilizer from Waste Bioconversion on The Growth of Cocoa Seedlings

IOP conference series, Jun 1, 2022

Organic waste can be a source of environmental pollution if not managed properly. The organic was... more Organic waste can be a source of environmental pollution if not managed properly. The organic waste transformed by Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae produces liquid biofertilizer (LB) containing nutrients and beneficial microbes for plants. This study aims to determine the effect of dosage and frequency of application of liquid biofertilizer on the growth of cocoa seedlings and soil properties. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with seven treatments and four replications. The treatments were a control, LB 3% every two weeks, LB 3% every four weeks, LB 6% every two weeks, LB 6% every four weeks, LB 12% every two weeks, LB 12% every four weeks. The results showed that LB 6% every four weeks was the best treatment in increasing seedling height, stem diameter, and weight of fresh shoot, dry shoot, and dry roots of cocoa seedlings at 20 weeks old compared to other treatment. The application of LB significantly increased soil pH, but not significantly affected on the content of organic C, total N, available P and exchangeable cations at soil. Biofertilizer from bioconversion of organic waste using BSF larvae is suitable to improve the growth of cocoa seedlings.

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of phytohormones producing isolates on the growth of two stem-cutting robusta coffee (Coffea canephora)

IOP conference series, May 1, 2023

The propagation techniques of robusta coffee by cutting can be accelerated by the application of ... more The propagation techniques of robusta coffee by cutting can be accelerated by the application of plant growth-promoting hormones. This study is to determine the efficacy of phytohormone-producing isolates on the growth of two-segment cutting of Robusta coffee. The study was conducted using a non-factorial completely randomized design with 2 replications. The treatments consist of control, synthetic IBA (Rooton-f) with three dilution concentrations, 4 isolates (Rhodococcus qingshengii, Burkholderia ambifaria, and Bacillus wiedmannii; fungi Aspergillus niger) with three dilution concentrations. Observed parameters included a percentage of live cuttings, percentage of cuttings sprouted, percentage of rooted cuttings, plant height, number of shoots, number of internodes, number of leaves, number of primary roots, primary root length, and primary root diameter. The results showed that the B. wiedmannii treatment had the best performance compared to other treatments because this isolate produced the highest number of primary roots (4.60) and primary root diameters (2.97 mm) compared to other treatments including control and Rooton-f. This is related to its ability to produce phytohormones that can stimulate the root growth of coffee robusta cuttings.

Research paper thumbnail of Relationship Between Soil Nutrient Content and Production of Gambir at West Sumatera

Gambier (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) is a useful plant, especially for for the pharmaceutical industry.... more Gambier (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) is a useful plant, especially for for the pharmaceutical industry. Productivity of gambier is still low because one of them caused by low soil fertility in cropping areas gambier. This study aimed to determine the relationship of soil nutrient content, nutrient content of plant and crop production of gambier at the one of production centers in West Sumatra for the basis of determined fertilizer needs of gambier. The experiment was conducted with a random sampling method on the plot owned by farmers in the Kampung Koto Marapat, West Sumatra.The results showed that each ton of dry leaves of gambier will take the nutrients of 19.8 kg N, 1.3 kg P and 13.6 kg K. High yield crops need nutrients at 452 kg N / ha, 30 kg P / ha and 296 kg K / ha with population 2500 plants / ha. The high production of gambier is not indicated significantly by high levels of NPK nutrients in leaf and high soil nutrient levels. Low pH was one factor limiting the production of gambier.

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of organic fertilizer, biofertilizer and endophytic bacteria to control nematodes in robusta coffee

IOP conference series, Jul 1, 2023

Coffee is a plantation crop that has high economic value. One of the obstacles in the cultivation... more Coffee is a plantation crop that has high economic value. One of the obstacles in the cultivation of coffee plants is the attack of plant parasitic nematodes, including Pratylenchus coffeae, Radopholus similis, and Meloidogyne spp. The reported nematode control technologies are the implementation of organic fertilizers, botanical pesticides, and biological agents. This study aimed to determine the effect of organic fertilizer, biofertilizer, and endophytic bacteria to control nematodes on Robusta coffee plants. The research conducted on a farmers’ coffee plantation infested by parasitic nematodes in Sidomulyo village, Lampung, Indonesia. The study used a randomized block design with 6 treatments: organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer + biofertilizer, organic fertilizer + endophytic bacteria, biofertilizer + endophytic bacteria, organic fertilizer + biofertilizer + endophytic bacteria, and control (farmer’s technology). Biofertilizers were applied together with organic fertilizers at the beginning of the rainy season, 25 g/tree and 3 kg/tree, respectively. Endophytic bacteria were applied 100 ml/tree a month after organic and biofertilizer. The observations were performed on the nematode population, growth, and production of robusta coffee. The results showed the application of organic fertilizers, biofertilizers, and endophytic bacteria could suppress the nematode population in Robusta coffee plants of 50.56-70.71%. The application of organic fertilizers, biofertilizers, and endophytic bacteria also increases the growth and productivity of Robusta coffee plants.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of NPK Composite and Phosphate Fertilizers to The Growth and Production of Jatropha IP3-P

Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Nov 30, 2011

Jarak pagar ( Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil ... more Jarak pagar ( Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil bahan bakar nabati. Produksi jarak perlu didukung pupuk untuk optimlisasi penggunaan input. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis pupuk majemuk NPK (15 : 15 : 15) dan pupuk P yang tepat bagi pertumbuhan dan produksi awal jarak pagar IP3. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Induk Jarak Pagar (KIJP), Pakuwon, Sukabumi dengan jangka waktu pelaksanaan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Desember 2009. Percobaan disusun secara faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Sebagai faktor pertama adalah dosis dari pupuk majemuk NPK yaitu : 0, 60, 120, 240, 360 g/pohon/th, dan dosis pembanding 40 g urea/pohon/th 110 g SP-36/pohon/th, 30 g KCl/pohon/th. Sebagai faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk P, yaitu : 0, 10, 17, 24 g P/pohon/th. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk majemuk 360 g/tnm/th secara nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif pada jumlah cabang dan diameter batang jarak. Pemberian pupuk P 17 g P/tanaman/tahun memberikan pertumbuhan vegetatif nyata terbaik. Kombinasi pupuk NPK 240 g/tnm/th + pupuk P 17 g/tnm/th terbaik untuk meningkatkan berat segar buah dan berat kering biji jarak umur 6 bulan.

Research paper thumbnail of Challenges and Opportunities for Indonesian Cocoa Development in the Era of Climate Change

Shifting Frontiers of Theobroma cacao - Opportunities and Challenges for Production [Working Title]

In recent years, the area of cocoa plantations in Indonesia has tended to decline, one of which i... more In recent years, the area of cocoa plantations in Indonesia has tended to decline, one of which is attributed to climate change that threatens the sustainability of production; even though cocoa production and consumption have become popular globally, the consumer demand for cocoa products has also increased. Climate change causes increased air temperature, erratic rainfall patterns, increased sea level and surface temperature, and extreme weather. Cocoa requires an ideal rainfall of 1500–2500 mm/year and dry months (rainfall <60 mm) for about 1–3 month a year. Climate change can be a challenge for Indonesian cocoa development. Several efforts should be made to turn existing challenges into opportunities through appropriate technological inputs, such as the use of improved cocoa genetic resources (recommended clones) as well as improving nursery and field management practices, including shading and watering the seedlings, modification of growing media, mycorrhizal application, ra...

Research paper thumbnail of Respons Pertumbuhan Benih Makadamia terhadap Dosis Pupuk N, P,dan K

Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Jul 30, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of nursery media on germination and vigority of macadamia seeds (Macadamia integrifolia maiden & betche)

THE 2ND UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND ENVIRONMENT (ULICoSTE) 2021

This study aims to obtain the appropriate nursery media for macadamia seed germination.

Research paper thumbnail of Sifat Tanah dan Produksi Kopi Liberika pada Ketebalan Gambut yang Berbeda di Jambi

Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, May 20, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Naungan dan Ketinggian Tempat terhadap Produksi Pucuk Teh (Camellia sinensis L.)

Sakiroh S, Sasmita KD, Astutik, D. 2021. The impact of shade and altitude on tea shoots productio... more Sakiroh S, Sasmita KD, Astutik, D. 2021. The impact of shade and altitude on tea shoots production (Camellia sinensis L.). In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang 20 Oktober 2021. pp. 209-218. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).Tea plants are tropical and subtropical C3 plants. The increasing worldwide demand for tea has a significant impact on Indonesian tea demand. Tea production was observed with the application of appropriate technical culture. Tea plant production and productivity can be raised and maximized by considering the plant's physical and environmental characteristics. Shade plants have an impact on the tea plant's environments. Temporary shade plants include Crotalaria sp. and Tephrosia sp., whereas permanent shade plants contain Grevillea robusta. Temporary shade plants are those that are currently developing and require a light intensity of 65-70 percent to grow. When co...

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Pupuk Majemuk NPK dan Fosfat terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jarak Pagar IP3-P

Journal of Industrial and Beverage Crops, 2011

Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil b... more Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil bahan bakar nabati. Produksi jarak perlu didukung pupuk untuk optimlisasi penggunaan input. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis pupuk majemuk NPK (15 : 15 : 15) dan pupuk P yang tepat bagi pertumbuhan dan produksi awal jarak pagar IP3. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Induk Jarak Pagar (KIJP), Pakuwon, Sukabumi dengan jangka waktu pelaksanaan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Desember 2009. Percobaan disusun secara faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Sebagai faktor pertama adalah dosis dari pupuk majemuk NPK yaitu : 0, 60, 120, 240, 360 g/ pohon/ th, dan dosis pembanding 40 g urea/ pohon/ th 110 g SP-36/ pohon/ th, 30 g KCl/ pohon/ th. Sebagai faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk P, yaitu : 0, 10, 17, 24 g P/ pohon/ th. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk majemuk 360 g/ tnm/ th secara nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif pada jumlah cabang dan diameter batang jarak. Pemberian pupuk P 17 g P/ tanaman/ tahun memberikan pertumbuhan vegetatif nyata terbaik. Kombinasi pupuk NPK 240 g/ tnm/ th + pupuk P 17 g/ tnm/ th terbaik untuk meningkatkan berat segar buah dan berat kering biji jarak umur 6 bulan. Kata Kunci : pupuk majemuk NPK, pupuk P, jarak pagar.

Research paper thumbnail of Application of phosphate solubilizing microbes to promote the effectiveness of rock phosphate on cacao seedling growth in acid soil

THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GENETIC RESOURCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY: Harnessing Technology for Conservation and Sustainable Use of Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, 2022

Biofertilizer increases nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium at l... more Biofertilizer increases nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium at leaves level of Artemisia annua L.

Research paper thumbnail of THE USE OF RHIZOSPHERE MICROBES TO IMPROVE THE GROWTH AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.)

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) belongs to plants which have high in nutrient uptake. If the plant... more Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) belongs to plants which have high in nutrient uptake. If the plant is grown on marginal lands it will requires a relatively high amount of fertilizer that should be added. Therefore, it needs an effort to improve their efficiency on growing of the crop. The use of bio-fertilizer containing N fixing bacteria and P solubilizing microbes is expected be able to minimize the use of inorganic fertilizers. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of several indigenous rhizosphere microbes on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P, and K in black pepper. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and three reflications was used in this study. The treatments exemined were: K0) without inoculum and without fertilizer (control), K1) without inoculum + 50% fertilizer, K2) without inoculum + 100% fertilizer, H1) inoculum of Azotobacter (PN LCNa) + 50% fertilizer, H2) inoculum of Azotobacter (PN LCNb) + 50% fertilizer, H3) inoculum of Penic...

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Mikroba Rizosfer untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Serapan Hara pada Tanaman Lada

Lada ( Piper nigrum L.) merupakan tanaman yang penyerapan haranya tinggi dan sebagian besar ditan... more Lada ( Piper nigrum L.) merupakan tanaman yang penyerapan haranya tinggi dan sebagian besar ditanam di lahan marginal sehingga memerlukan jumlah pupuk yang relatif tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perlu upaya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan pada lada, salah satunya dengan menggunakan pupuk hayati yang mengandung mikroba penambat N 2 dan pelarut hara P. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh mikroba rizosfer indigenous terhadap pertumbuhan dan serapan hara N, P, dan K pada tanaman lada. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dicoba adalah: K0) tanpa inokulum dan tanpa pupuk (Kontrol), K1) tanpa inokulum + 50% pupuk, K2) tanpa inokulum + 100% pupuk, H1) inokulum Azotobacter (PN LCNa) + 50% pupuk, H2) inokulum Azotobacter (PN LCNb) + 50% pupuk, H3) inokulum Penicillium (PF LSK 1b) + 50% pupuk, H4) inokulum bakteri pelarut fosfat (PF LSK 1a) + 50% pupuk, dan H5) mikoriza + 50% pupuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukka...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of NPK Composite and Phosphate Fertilizers to The Growth and Production of Jatropha IP3-P

Jarak pagar ( Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil ... more Jarak pagar ( Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil bahan bakar nabati. Produksi jarak perlu didukung pupuk untuk optimlisasi penggunaan input. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis pupuk majemuk NPK (15 : 15 : 15) dan pupuk P yang tepat bagi pertumbuhan dan produksi awal jarak pagar IP3. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Induk Jarak Pagar (KIJP), Pakuwon, Sukabumi dengan jangka waktu pelaksanaan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Desember 2009. Percobaan disusun secara faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Sebagai faktor pertama adalah dosis dari pupuk majemuk NPK yaitu : 0, 60, 120, 240, 360 g/pohon/th, dan dosis pembanding 40 g urea/pohon/th 110 g SP-36/pohon/th, 30 g KCl/pohon/th. Sebagai faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk P, yaitu : 0, 10, 17, 24 g P/pohon/th. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk majemuk 360 g/tnm/th secara nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif pada jumlah cabang dan diameter batang jarak. Pemberian ...

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Pupuk Majemuk NPK dan Fosfat terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jarak Pagar IP3-P

Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil b... more Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil bahan bakar nabati. Produksi jarak perlu didukung pupuk untuk optimlisasi penggunaan input. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis pupuk majemuk NPK (15 : 15 : 15) dan pupuk P yang tepat bagi pertumbuhan dan produksi awal jarak pagar IP3. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Induk Jarak Pagar (KIJP), Pakuwon, Sukabumi dengan jangka waktu pelaksanaan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Desember 2009. Percobaan disusun secara faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Sebagai faktor pertama adalah dosis dari pupuk majemuk NPK yaitu : 0, 60, 120, 240, 360 g/pohon/th, dan dosis pembanding 40 g urea/pohon/th 110 g SP-36/pohon/th, 30 g KCl/pohon/th. Sebagai faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk P, yaitu : 0, 10, 17, 24 g P/pohon/th. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk majemuk 360 g/tnm/th secara nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif pada jumlah cabang dan diameter batang jarak. Pemberian pup...

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Acid Soil as Growing Medium for Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Seedlings

International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, 2017

The use of infertile acidic soil as a nursery growing medium has several limiting factors for pla... more The use of infertile acidic soil as a nursery growing medium has several limiting factors for plant growth. Application of ameliorant is an efforts to improve the quality of growing medium both the chemical, physical, and biological properties and increase seedling growth. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of biochar and organic fertilizer to the chemical properties of the growing medium and cacao seedling biomass. The study was a factorial treatment consisting three factors in a completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor was organic fertilizer treatment (without organic fertilizer and with 10% (w/w) organic fertilizer). The second factor was the types of biochar (rice husk biochar and white albizia wood biochar). The third factor was the rates of biochar application (0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6% w/w). The research was an incubation of growing medium for 15 days after treatments, then followed by cacao seedlings for 20 weeks. The results showed that th...

Research paper thumbnail of Dampak pengelolaan fisik tanah terhadap produksi jagung (Zea Mays L.) dan efisiensi pemupukan nitrogen dalam sistem pertanian surjan di vertisol

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Biochar and Decomposers to The Composting Process of Cocoa Husk and Enrichment Using Phosphate Solubilizing Microbe to Improve The Quality Organic Fertilizer Haryanti1)*

Indonesia is the third largest contributor to the world cocoa market. This causes the solid waste... more Indonesia is the third largest contributor to the world cocoa market. This causes the solid waste produced to reach more than 60% of the total fruit production. But the use of cocoa husk waste by farmers is not optimal. In general, farmers only dispose of or immerse cocoa husk waste without processing it into quality organic fertilizer. This study aims to determine: (i) The influence of biochar and decomposers in accelerating the process of composting cocoa husk waste and improving the quality of organic fertilizers, (ii) Knowing the effect of adding Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (BPF) to organic fertilizer derived from cocoa husk waste on the growth of cocoa seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.). The research was carried out from September 2014 to August 2015. The first phase of the research was carried out using a factorial 2 factor design in the Completely Randomized Design (RAL) to evaluate the effect of adding biochar and decomposers to accelerate the composting process of cocoa hus...

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Mikroba Rizosfer untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Serapan Hara pada Tanaman Lada

Lada ( Piper nigrum L.) merupakan tanaman yang penyerapan haranya tinggi dan sebagian besar ditan... more Lada ( Piper nigrum L.) merupakan tanaman yang penyerapan haranya tinggi dan sebagian besar ditanam di lahan marginal sehingga memerlukan jumlah pupuk yang relatif tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perlu upaya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan pada lada, salah satunya dengan menggunakan pupuk hayati yang mengandung mikroba penambat N 2 dan pelarut hara P. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh mikroba rizosfer indigenous terhadap pertumbuhan dan serapan hara N, P, dan K pada tanaman lada. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dicoba adalah: K0) tanpa inokulum dan tanpa pupuk (Kontrol), K1) tanpa inokulum + 50% pupuk, K2) tanpa inokulum + 100% pupuk, H1) inokulum Azotobacter (PN LCNa) + 50% pupuk, H2) inokulum Azotobacter (PN LCNb) + 50% pupuk, H3) inokulum Penicillium (PF LSK 1b) + 50% pupuk, H4) inokulum bakteri pelarut fosfat (PF LSK 1a) + 50% pupuk, dan H5) mikoriza + 50% pupuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan mikroba penambat N 2 (isolat PN LCNa dan PN LCNb) dan pelarut P (isolat PF LSK 1b dan PF LSK 1a) yang masing-masing disertai dengan pemberian pupuk NPK 50% dari dosis anjuran memberikan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan cabang tanaman lada yang cukup baik. Keempat inokulum tersebut dapat meningkatkan secara nyata bobot segar dan kering tajuk, serta serapan hara N, P dan K oleh tanaman lada dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa inokulum yang dipupuk dengan NPK dosis penuh (100%). The U se of Rhizosphere Microbes to Improve The Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Black Pepper (Piper Nigrum L .) ABSTRACT Black p epper (Piper nigrum L.) belongs to plant s which have high in nutrient uptake . If the plant is grown on marginal land s it will requires a relatively high amount of fertiliz er that should be added . Therefore, it needs an effort to improve the ir efficiency on growing of the crop. The use of bio- fertilizer containing N fixing bacteria and P solubilizing microbes is expected be able to minimize the use of inorganic fertilizer s. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of several indigenous rhizosphere microbes on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P, and K in black pepper. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and three reflications was used in this study. The treatment s exemined were: K0 ) without ino c ulum and without fertilizer ( c ontrol) , K1 ) without ino c ulum + 50% fertilizer , K2 ) without i noc ulum + 100% fertilizer , H1 ) ino c ulum of Azotobacter (PN LCNa) + 50% fertilizer, H2 ) ino c ulum of Azotobacter (PN LCNb) + 50% fertilizer, H3 ) ino c ulum of Penicillium (PF LSK 1b) + 50% fertilizer , H4 ) ino c ulum of phosphate solubilizinng micro be (PF LSK 1a) + 50% fertilizer , dan H5 ) m ycorrhiza + 50% fertilizer. The results showed that application of N fixing microbes ( isolate PN LCNa dan PN LCNb ) and P solubilizing microbes ( isolate PN LCNa dan PN LCNb) combined with 50% of added fertilizers were able to give better growth of black pepper, particularly in plant height and number of branches . Moreover, ap p lication of N fixing and P solubilizing micro bes also increased significantly in dry and fresh weight of the shoot and nutrient uptake of N, P, and K compare d with without inoculum combined with 100% added NPK fertilizer.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Biofertilizer from Waste Bioconversion on The Growth of Cocoa Seedlings

IOP conference series, Jun 1, 2022

Organic waste can be a source of environmental pollution if not managed properly. The organic was... more Organic waste can be a source of environmental pollution if not managed properly. The organic waste transformed by Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae produces liquid biofertilizer (LB) containing nutrients and beneficial microbes for plants. This study aims to determine the effect of dosage and frequency of application of liquid biofertilizer on the growth of cocoa seedlings and soil properties. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with seven treatments and four replications. The treatments were a control, LB 3% every two weeks, LB 3% every four weeks, LB 6% every two weeks, LB 6% every four weeks, LB 12% every two weeks, LB 12% every four weeks. The results showed that LB 6% every four weeks was the best treatment in increasing seedling height, stem diameter, and weight of fresh shoot, dry shoot, and dry roots of cocoa seedlings at 20 weeks old compared to other treatment. The application of LB significantly increased soil pH, but not significantly affected on the content of organic C, total N, available P and exchangeable cations at soil. Biofertilizer from bioconversion of organic waste using BSF larvae is suitable to improve the growth of cocoa seedlings.

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of phytohormones producing isolates on the growth of two stem-cutting robusta coffee (Coffea canephora)

IOP conference series, May 1, 2023

The propagation techniques of robusta coffee by cutting can be accelerated by the application of ... more The propagation techniques of robusta coffee by cutting can be accelerated by the application of plant growth-promoting hormones. This study is to determine the efficacy of phytohormone-producing isolates on the growth of two-segment cutting of Robusta coffee. The study was conducted using a non-factorial completely randomized design with 2 replications. The treatments consist of control, synthetic IBA (Rooton-f) with three dilution concentrations, 4 isolates (Rhodococcus qingshengii, Burkholderia ambifaria, and Bacillus wiedmannii; fungi Aspergillus niger) with three dilution concentrations. Observed parameters included a percentage of live cuttings, percentage of cuttings sprouted, percentage of rooted cuttings, plant height, number of shoots, number of internodes, number of leaves, number of primary roots, primary root length, and primary root diameter. The results showed that the B. wiedmannii treatment had the best performance compared to other treatments because this isolate produced the highest number of primary roots (4.60) and primary root diameters (2.97 mm) compared to other treatments including control and Rooton-f. This is related to its ability to produce phytohormones that can stimulate the root growth of coffee robusta cuttings.

Research paper thumbnail of Relationship Between Soil Nutrient Content and Production of Gambir at West Sumatera

Gambier (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) is a useful plant, especially for for the pharmaceutical industry.... more Gambier (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) is a useful plant, especially for for the pharmaceutical industry. Productivity of gambier is still low because one of them caused by low soil fertility in cropping areas gambier. This study aimed to determine the relationship of soil nutrient content, nutrient content of plant and crop production of gambier at the one of production centers in West Sumatra for the basis of determined fertilizer needs of gambier. The experiment was conducted with a random sampling method on the plot owned by farmers in the Kampung Koto Marapat, West Sumatra.The results showed that each ton of dry leaves of gambier will take the nutrients of 19.8 kg N, 1.3 kg P and 13.6 kg K. High yield crops need nutrients at 452 kg N / ha, 30 kg P / ha and 296 kg K / ha with population 2500 plants / ha. The high production of gambier is not indicated significantly by high levels of NPK nutrients in leaf and high soil nutrient levels. Low pH was one factor limiting the production of gambier.

Research paper thumbnail of Efficacy of organic fertilizer, biofertilizer and endophytic bacteria to control nematodes in robusta coffee

IOP conference series, Jul 1, 2023

Coffee is a plantation crop that has high economic value. One of the obstacles in the cultivation... more Coffee is a plantation crop that has high economic value. One of the obstacles in the cultivation of coffee plants is the attack of plant parasitic nematodes, including Pratylenchus coffeae, Radopholus similis, and Meloidogyne spp. The reported nematode control technologies are the implementation of organic fertilizers, botanical pesticides, and biological agents. This study aimed to determine the effect of organic fertilizer, biofertilizer, and endophytic bacteria to control nematodes on Robusta coffee plants. The research conducted on a farmers’ coffee plantation infested by parasitic nematodes in Sidomulyo village, Lampung, Indonesia. The study used a randomized block design with 6 treatments: organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer + biofertilizer, organic fertilizer + endophytic bacteria, biofertilizer + endophytic bacteria, organic fertilizer + biofertilizer + endophytic bacteria, and control (farmer’s technology). Biofertilizers were applied together with organic fertilizers at the beginning of the rainy season, 25 g/tree and 3 kg/tree, respectively. Endophytic bacteria were applied 100 ml/tree a month after organic and biofertilizer. The observations were performed on the nematode population, growth, and production of robusta coffee. The results showed the application of organic fertilizers, biofertilizers, and endophytic bacteria could suppress the nematode population in Robusta coffee plants of 50.56-70.71%. The application of organic fertilizers, biofertilizers, and endophytic bacteria also increases the growth and productivity of Robusta coffee plants.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of NPK Composite and Phosphate Fertilizers to The Growth and Production of Jatropha IP3-P

Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Nov 30, 2011

Jarak pagar ( Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil ... more Jarak pagar ( Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil bahan bakar nabati. Produksi jarak perlu didukung pupuk untuk optimlisasi penggunaan input. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis pupuk majemuk NPK (15 : 15 : 15) dan pupuk P yang tepat bagi pertumbuhan dan produksi awal jarak pagar IP3. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Induk Jarak Pagar (KIJP), Pakuwon, Sukabumi dengan jangka waktu pelaksanaan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Desember 2009. Percobaan disusun secara faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Sebagai faktor pertama adalah dosis dari pupuk majemuk NPK yaitu : 0, 60, 120, 240, 360 g/pohon/th, dan dosis pembanding 40 g urea/pohon/th 110 g SP-36/pohon/th, 30 g KCl/pohon/th. Sebagai faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk P, yaitu : 0, 10, 17, 24 g P/pohon/th. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk majemuk 360 g/tnm/th secara nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif pada jumlah cabang dan diameter batang jarak. Pemberian pupuk P 17 g P/tanaman/tahun memberikan pertumbuhan vegetatif nyata terbaik. Kombinasi pupuk NPK 240 g/tnm/th + pupuk P 17 g/tnm/th terbaik untuk meningkatkan berat segar buah dan berat kering biji jarak umur 6 bulan.

Research paper thumbnail of Challenges and Opportunities for Indonesian Cocoa Development in the Era of Climate Change

Shifting Frontiers of Theobroma cacao - Opportunities and Challenges for Production [Working Title]

In recent years, the area of cocoa plantations in Indonesia has tended to decline, one of which i... more In recent years, the area of cocoa plantations in Indonesia has tended to decline, one of which is attributed to climate change that threatens the sustainability of production; even though cocoa production and consumption have become popular globally, the consumer demand for cocoa products has also increased. Climate change causes increased air temperature, erratic rainfall patterns, increased sea level and surface temperature, and extreme weather. Cocoa requires an ideal rainfall of 1500–2500 mm/year and dry months (rainfall <60 mm) for about 1–3 month a year. Climate change can be a challenge for Indonesian cocoa development. Several efforts should be made to turn existing challenges into opportunities through appropriate technological inputs, such as the use of improved cocoa genetic resources (recommended clones) as well as improving nursery and field management practices, including shading and watering the seedlings, modification of growing media, mycorrhizal application, ra...

Research paper thumbnail of Respons Pertumbuhan Benih Makadamia terhadap Dosis Pupuk N, P,dan K

Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Jul 30, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of nursery media on germination and vigority of macadamia seeds (Macadamia integrifolia maiden & betche)

THE 2ND UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND ENVIRONMENT (ULICoSTE) 2021

This study aims to obtain the appropriate nursery media for macadamia seed germination.

Research paper thumbnail of Sifat Tanah dan Produksi Kopi Liberika pada Ketebalan Gambut yang Berbeda di Jambi

Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, May 20, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Naungan dan Ketinggian Tempat terhadap Produksi Pucuk Teh (Camellia sinensis L.)

Sakiroh S, Sasmita KD, Astutik, D. 2021. The impact of shade and altitude on tea shoots productio... more Sakiroh S, Sasmita KD, Astutik, D. 2021. The impact of shade and altitude on tea shoots production (Camellia sinensis L.). In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang 20 Oktober 2021. pp. 209-218. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).Tea plants are tropical and subtropical C3 plants. The increasing worldwide demand for tea has a significant impact on Indonesian tea demand. Tea production was observed with the application of appropriate technical culture. Tea plant production and productivity can be raised and maximized by considering the plant's physical and environmental characteristics. Shade plants have an impact on the tea plant's environments. Temporary shade plants include Crotalaria sp. and Tephrosia sp., whereas permanent shade plants contain Grevillea robusta. Temporary shade plants are those that are currently developing and require a light intensity of 65-70 percent to grow. When co...

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Pupuk Majemuk NPK dan Fosfat terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jarak Pagar IP3-P

Journal of Industrial and Beverage Crops, 2011

Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil b... more Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil bahan bakar nabati. Produksi jarak perlu didukung pupuk untuk optimlisasi penggunaan input. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis pupuk majemuk NPK (15 : 15 : 15) dan pupuk P yang tepat bagi pertumbuhan dan produksi awal jarak pagar IP3. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Induk Jarak Pagar (KIJP), Pakuwon, Sukabumi dengan jangka waktu pelaksanaan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Desember 2009. Percobaan disusun secara faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Sebagai faktor pertama adalah dosis dari pupuk majemuk NPK yaitu : 0, 60, 120, 240, 360 g/ pohon/ th, dan dosis pembanding 40 g urea/ pohon/ th 110 g SP-36/ pohon/ th, 30 g KCl/ pohon/ th. Sebagai faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk P, yaitu : 0, 10, 17, 24 g P/ pohon/ th. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk majemuk 360 g/ tnm/ th secara nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif pada jumlah cabang dan diameter batang jarak. Pemberian pupuk P 17 g P/ tanaman/ tahun memberikan pertumbuhan vegetatif nyata terbaik. Kombinasi pupuk NPK 240 g/ tnm/ th + pupuk P 17 g/ tnm/ th terbaik untuk meningkatkan berat segar buah dan berat kering biji jarak umur 6 bulan. Kata Kunci : pupuk majemuk NPK, pupuk P, jarak pagar.

Research paper thumbnail of Application of phosphate solubilizing microbes to promote the effectiveness of rock phosphate on cacao seedling growth in acid soil

THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GENETIC RESOURCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY: Harnessing Technology for Conservation and Sustainable Use of Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, 2022

Biofertilizer increases nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium at l... more Biofertilizer increases nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium at leaves level of Artemisia annua L.

Research paper thumbnail of THE USE OF RHIZOSPHERE MICROBES TO IMPROVE THE GROWTH AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.)

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) belongs to plants which have high in nutrient uptake. If the plant... more Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) belongs to plants which have high in nutrient uptake. If the plant is grown on marginal lands it will requires a relatively high amount of fertilizer that should be added. Therefore, it needs an effort to improve their efficiency on growing of the crop. The use of bio-fertilizer containing N fixing bacteria and P solubilizing microbes is expected be able to minimize the use of inorganic fertilizers. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of several indigenous rhizosphere microbes on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P, and K in black pepper. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and three reflications was used in this study. The treatments exemined were: K0) without inoculum and without fertilizer (control), K1) without inoculum + 50% fertilizer, K2) without inoculum + 100% fertilizer, H1) inoculum of Azotobacter (PN LCNa) + 50% fertilizer, H2) inoculum of Azotobacter (PN LCNb) + 50% fertilizer, H3) inoculum of Penic...

Research paper thumbnail of Pemanfaatan Mikroba Rizosfer untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Serapan Hara pada Tanaman Lada

Lada ( Piper nigrum L.) merupakan tanaman yang penyerapan haranya tinggi dan sebagian besar ditan... more Lada ( Piper nigrum L.) merupakan tanaman yang penyerapan haranya tinggi dan sebagian besar ditanam di lahan marginal sehingga memerlukan jumlah pupuk yang relatif tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perlu upaya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan pada lada, salah satunya dengan menggunakan pupuk hayati yang mengandung mikroba penambat N 2 dan pelarut hara P. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh mikroba rizosfer indigenous terhadap pertumbuhan dan serapan hara N, P, dan K pada tanaman lada. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dicoba adalah: K0) tanpa inokulum dan tanpa pupuk (Kontrol), K1) tanpa inokulum + 50% pupuk, K2) tanpa inokulum + 100% pupuk, H1) inokulum Azotobacter (PN LCNa) + 50% pupuk, H2) inokulum Azotobacter (PN LCNb) + 50% pupuk, H3) inokulum Penicillium (PF LSK 1b) + 50% pupuk, H4) inokulum bakteri pelarut fosfat (PF LSK 1a) + 50% pupuk, dan H5) mikoriza + 50% pupuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukka...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of NPK Composite and Phosphate Fertilizers to The Growth and Production of Jatropha IP3-P

Jarak pagar ( Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil ... more Jarak pagar ( Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil bahan bakar nabati. Produksi jarak perlu didukung pupuk untuk optimlisasi penggunaan input. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis pupuk majemuk NPK (15 : 15 : 15) dan pupuk P yang tepat bagi pertumbuhan dan produksi awal jarak pagar IP3. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Induk Jarak Pagar (KIJP), Pakuwon, Sukabumi dengan jangka waktu pelaksanaan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Desember 2009. Percobaan disusun secara faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Sebagai faktor pertama adalah dosis dari pupuk majemuk NPK yaitu : 0, 60, 120, 240, 360 g/pohon/th, dan dosis pembanding 40 g urea/pohon/th 110 g SP-36/pohon/th, 30 g KCl/pohon/th. Sebagai faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk P, yaitu : 0, 10, 17, 24 g P/pohon/th. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk majemuk 360 g/tnm/th secara nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif pada jumlah cabang dan diameter batang jarak. Pemberian ...

Research paper thumbnail of Pengaruh Pupuk Majemuk NPK dan Fosfat terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jarak Pagar IP3-P

Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil b... more Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi salah satu bahan baku penghasil bahan bakar nabati. Produksi jarak perlu didukung pupuk untuk optimlisasi penggunaan input. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis pupuk majemuk NPK (15 : 15 : 15) dan pupuk P yang tepat bagi pertumbuhan dan produksi awal jarak pagar IP3. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Induk Jarak Pagar (KIJP), Pakuwon, Sukabumi dengan jangka waktu pelaksanaan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Desember 2009. Percobaan disusun secara faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Sebagai faktor pertama adalah dosis dari pupuk majemuk NPK yaitu : 0, 60, 120, 240, 360 g/pohon/th, dan dosis pembanding 40 g urea/pohon/th 110 g SP-36/pohon/th, 30 g KCl/pohon/th. Sebagai faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk P, yaitu : 0, 10, 17, 24 g P/pohon/th. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk majemuk 360 g/tnm/th secara nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif pada jumlah cabang dan diameter batang jarak. Pemberian pup...

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Acid Soil as Growing Medium for Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Seedlings

International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, 2017

The use of infertile acidic soil as a nursery growing medium has several limiting factors for pla... more The use of infertile acidic soil as a nursery growing medium has several limiting factors for plant growth. Application of ameliorant is an efforts to improve the quality of growing medium both the chemical, physical, and biological properties and increase seedling growth. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of biochar and organic fertilizer to the chemical properties of the growing medium and cacao seedling biomass. The study was a factorial treatment consisting three factors in a completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor was organic fertilizer treatment (without organic fertilizer and with 10% (w/w) organic fertilizer). The second factor was the types of biochar (rice husk biochar and white albizia wood biochar). The third factor was the rates of biochar application (0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6% w/w). The research was an incubation of growing medium for 15 days after treatments, then followed by cacao seedlings for 20 weeks. The results showed that th...