Kusum Gandhi - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Kusum Gandhi
A Clinical Study of Management Ofdiaphyseal Fractures of Femur by Closedintra Medullary Interlocking Nail Inadults
Fractures of femoral shaft are among the most common fractures that orthopaedist. The following s... more Fractures of femoral shaft are among the most common fractures that orthopaedist. The following study attempts to analyse the effectiveness of interlocking nail in management of diaphyseal fracture of femur so as to return the patient to functional pre- fracture state as soon as possible. This study comprises of 66 cases of fracture shaft of femur admitted during the study period and selection of these cases were at random. Among the 66 cases considered for closed intramedullary nailing, closed nailing was not possible in 4 cases due to soft tissue interposition and delayed fixation, so we opened the fracture site and hence these cases were excluded from the study. There were 5 cases of Gustillo-Anderson type I open fracture which were treated with interlocking nail. Most of the cases were seen within 24 hours (44 cases), some were seen between 24-48 hours (12 cases) and remaining 4 cases after 48 hours. The interval between injury and operative intervention ranged from 2 to 15 days...
International Journal of Kinanthropometry
Introduction: As mobile technology has evolved and is used extensively by most of the population,... more Introduction: As mobile technology has evolved and is used extensively by most of the population, there is an increase in incidences of pain associated with the overuse of mobile phones. Pain associated with smartphone use is because of prolonged periods of time engaging with digital devices. The use of smartphones can cause various types of physical discomforts, such as neck pain, shoulder pain, and thumb pain, collectively referred to as “smartphone-related musculoskeletal disorders” (SRMDs). These medical issues arise mainly due to poor posture, repetitive movements, and prolonged use of smartphones without breaks. The impact of SRMDs on an individual’s daily life can be significant, resulting in decreased productivity, reduced quality of life, and increased healthcare costs. It is important for individuals to be aware of the risks associated with smartphone use and take steps to minimize their risk of developing SRMDs. Methods: The proposed study was an observational, questionna...
A Cadaveric Study to Define Morphology and Morphometry of Human Knee Menisci in the Region of Central India
Cureus
Morphometry and Intracranial Relations of the Sphenoid Sinus in Context to Endoscopic Transnasal Transsphenoidal Surgery
Cureus
Folia Morphologica, 2013
The vasospastic diseases and chronic pain related to lower limb have been successfully treated by... more The vasospastic diseases and chronic pain related to lower limb have been successfully treated by surgical ablation of lumbar sympathetic trunk for last 80 years. Precise knowledge of anatomy of lumbar sympathetic trunk and its adjoining structures is mandatory for safe and uncomplicated lumbar and spinal surgeries. We aim to study the detailed anatomy of entry and exit of lumbar sympathetic trunk, the number, dimensions and location of lumbar ganglia in relation to lumbar vertebra. Thorough dissection was carried out in 30 formalin embalmed cadavers available in the Department of Anatomy,
A Cadaveric Study to Define the Variant Patterns of Median Nerve Formation
Cureus
Study of frontal and ethmoid sinus of sinonasal complex along with olfactory fossa: anatomical considerations for endoscopic sinus surgery
Anatomy & Cell Biology
A rare presentation of the extra renal pelvis containing multiple calculi
Pravara Medical Review, 2015
Flipped Classroom in Medical Education to BuildCompetency in Medical students
The flipped classroom is a blended learning approach that reverses the traditional teaching. This... more The flipped classroom is a blended learning approach that reverses the traditional teaching. This is a different way of organizing schoolwork and home work involving the learner actively in the learning process. In this method the class topic is made available to the students in the form of videos before the class and the class time is utilized for various activities to know the level of their understanding and its application. It breaks the old traditional way of teaching and develops the creative, active, learning environment for the student.Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted on 150 students of 1st year MBBS and 100 students of 1st year BDS of 2019-20 batch. The concept of flipped class room was explained to them and learning material was provided and classroom activity was conducted. Results: 120 students expressed that flipped method is good and wants its implement from the 1st year onwards but 74 students expressed that the traditional method is best way of te...
Mathematical Modeling of the Propagation Speed of an Epidemic like COVID-19
We surveyed public health utilization of or the basic reproduction number, which appraises the sp... more We surveyed public health utilization of or the basic reproduction number, which appraises the speed at which an illness is fit for spreading in a population. In this manner, processing these esteems by math modeling is examined in detail
Vacterl -A Cluster of Anomalies
VACTERL association is a cluster of anomalies due to defect in embryonic mesoderm resulting in in... more VACTERL association is a cluster of anomalies due to defect in embryonic mesoderm resulting in involvement of multi organ systems. It is a rare condition more frequently seen in the male babies born to diabetic mother. In the present case vacterl association was identified in a 30 weeks male destitute baby collected from Victoria general hospital, Visakhapatnam. In this case vertebral anomalies, anorectic anomalies, renal and limb defects were identified fulfilling the criteria of VACTERL association. Exposure of drugs during first trimester and chromosomal anomalies are the causative factors for this rare association that hasto be investigated to prevent fetal morbidity and mortality.
ISRN Anatomy, 2013
Background. The complex architecture of the right atrium, crista terminalis (CT), and the musculi... more Background. The complex architecture of the right atrium, crista terminalis (CT), and the musculi pectinati (MP) poses enormous challenges in electrophysiology and cardiac conduction. Few studies have been undertaken to substantiate the gross features of MP, in relation to the CT, but there is still scarcity of data regarding this. We tried to reinvestigate the gross arrangement of muscle bundles in the right atrium. Methods. Utilizing 151 human hearts and orientation of MP and its variations and relationship to the CT were investigated along with taenia sagittalis (TS). Patterns of MP were grouped in 6 categories and TS under three groups. Result. A plethora of variations were observed. Analysis of all the specimen revealed that 68 samples (45%) were of type 1 category and 27 (18%) fell into type 2 category. Prominent muscular columns were reported in 12 samples (8%). 83 samples (55%) presented with a single trunk of TS. Multiple trunks of TS were reported in 38 samples (25%). Conc...
Journal of the Anatomical Society of India, 2013
Thorough dissection was performed to observe the formation of branches of lumbar plexus and measu... more Thorough dissection was performed to observe the formation of branches of lumbar plexus and measurements were taken from the adjacent bony landmarks. Result: Bilateral prefixation of the lumbar plexus was found in one cadaver bilaterally. Ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves were arising by a common stem in 11.66% of cases; in the remaining ones, they were having separate origins. In majority, 81.6% of the genitofemoral nerve pierced the medial third of the anterior surface of the psoas major muscle. Accessory obturator nerve was observed in 3 cases (5%) of 60 plexuses. The site of formation of femoral nerve was 5 cm inferior to the iliac crest in 71.6% of instances. The formation of obturator nerve was found to vary from the level of supracristal plane to 3.5 cm inferior to the plane; in 58.3%, it was 3 cm below the plane. Conclusion: The measurements given in this study will help the surgeon to avoid iatrogenic nerve injury as well as to assess them during lumbar plexus block.
Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 2012
The incidence of duplication of fallopian tube was first described by Krossman et al. in 1894 in ... more The incidence of duplication of fallopian tube was first described by Krossman et al. in 1894 in 4-10% of all women. Since then, many authors reported the anatomy, histology and pathogenesis of accessory fallopian tubes illustrated in Table 1. [3] Beyth and Kopolovic discussed the
Passive euthanasia (Good death, easy death, right to die, mercy killing) is one of the major issu... more Passive euthanasia (Good death, easy death, right to die, mercy killing) is one of the major issues developed with progress of human race. Euthanasia elicits strong emotions as it is concerned with life and death issues. Euthanasia has been practiced in most of the countries for more than twenty years and focuses mainly on the fact that patient suffering ought to be prioritized over the patient life. The quality of life shall be taken care of in critically ill patients. Euthanasia is not killing a patient but allowing the critically ill person to end his life on his own wish to die peacefully. This controversial topic is debated because it violates codes of medical ethics and patient care which exists since antiquity. The euthanasia, its types, guidelines for implication in various countries and perspectives in India are discussed in this article.
Pravara Medical Review, 2010
In view of the variable presentations of biceps brachii, a proper understanding of the anatomy of... more In view of the variable presentations of biceps brachii, a proper understanding of the anatomy of the muscle, and possible anatomical variants is a pre-requisite in managing distal biceps injury. We present the case of a 65 years old male cadaver showing variation in the insertion pattern of biceps brachii muscle unilaterally on the left arm. Although the origin of the muscle was normal, its insertion was by two separate tendons; a common and an accessory; both inserting on diverse regions of the radial tuberosity. The common tendon was formed by the tendons from short head and long head. The accessory tendon was the extension of the fleshy belly on the lateral side of the main muscle (Accessory Muscle Belly) towards its lower third. Knowledge of the accessory tendon of the biceps is crucial while performing tendon reconstruction and repair and it may also lead to unusual displacement of the bone fragment, subsequent to fracture.
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2018
BACKGROUND: Radial artery is the smaller terminal branch of brachial artery. Abnormal variations ... more BACKGROUND: Radial artery is the smaller terminal branch of brachial artery. Abnormal variations in the anatomy of radial artery may produce an iatrogenic injury leading to undesired complications. MATERIALS & METHODS: Study was carried out on 18 formalin fixed cadavers i.e. 36 limbs of adult age in the Department of Anatomy. Arm and forearm of both upper limbs were carefully dissected to note the variation in the origin of Radial artery. RESULT: Unilateral Variations of high origin of Radial artery were observed in two cases (5.55%). In first case, radial artery was originated from right brachial artery 13.5 centimetre above the intercondylar line while in second case it was 19 centimetres above the intercondylar line. CONCLUSION: In recent times, there has been an increase in the use of radial artery for various diagnostic & invasive procedures which requires the qualified apprehension of the variant anatomy to avoid iatrogenic injury and perform safe procedures.
Evaluation of sleep pattern due to stress in undergraduate medical students and its impact on health and academic performance: A cross-sectional study from tertiary health center of Central India
Background: Good quality sleep is essential for good health and well-being. Medical students are ... more Background: Good quality sleep is essential for good health and well-being. Medical students are at no exception to this and are prone to greater risk for sleep deprivation. The major reason being challenges to maintain a high level of academic achievement and constant thirst to acquire new learning skills and knowledge. However, in this process they are circumstanced to various levels of stress that might cause potential damage to their cognitive functioning and mental exhaustion to a certain extent. Objectives: Thus, our study objectives were to evaluate the sleep pattern in first- and second-year medical students. To understand how the stress levels and academic performance are related to sleep pattern and to explore the copying strategies of stress in our study participants. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted using a self-reported, web-based, questionnaire that included questions on sleep quality and deprivation through Pittsburgh sleep quality index. All the ...
The Anatomy of Accessory Obturator Nerve in Human Cadavers
Indian Journal of Anatomy
Anatomical variations in pneumatization and septation of sphenoid sinus in human cadavers
Journal of the Anatomical Society of India
A Clinical Study of Management Ofdiaphyseal Fractures of Femur by Closedintra Medullary Interlocking Nail Inadults
Fractures of femoral shaft are among the most common fractures that orthopaedist. The following s... more Fractures of femoral shaft are among the most common fractures that orthopaedist. The following study attempts to analyse the effectiveness of interlocking nail in management of diaphyseal fracture of femur so as to return the patient to functional pre- fracture state as soon as possible. This study comprises of 66 cases of fracture shaft of femur admitted during the study period and selection of these cases were at random. Among the 66 cases considered for closed intramedullary nailing, closed nailing was not possible in 4 cases due to soft tissue interposition and delayed fixation, so we opened the fracture site and hence these cases were excluded from the study. There were 5 cases of Gustillo-Anderson type I open fracture which were treated with interlocking nail. Most of the cases were seen within 24 hours (44 cases), some were seen between 24-48 hours (12 cases) and remaining 4 cases after 48 hours. The interval between injury and operative intervention ranged from 2 to 15 days...
International Journal of Kinanthropometry
Introduction: As mobile technology has evolved and is used extensively by most of the population,... more Introduction: As mobile technology has evolved and is used extensively by most of the population, there is an increase in incidences of pain associated with the overuse of mobile phones. Pain associated with smartphone use is because of prolonged periods of time engaging with digital devices. The use of smartphones can cause various types of physical discomforts, such as neck pain, shoulder pain, and thumb pain, collectively referred to as “smartphone-related musculoskeletal disorders” (SRMDs). These medical issues arise mainly due to poor posture, repetitive movements, and prolonged use of smartphones without breaks. The impact of SRMDs on an individual’s daily life can be significant, resulting in decreased productivity, reduced quality of life, and increased healthcare costs. It is important for individuals to be aware of the risks associated with smartphone use and take steps to minimize their risk of developing SRMDs. Methods: The proposed study was an observational, questionna...
A Cadaveric Study to Define Morphology and Morphometry of Human Knee Menisci in the Region of Central India
Cureus
Morphometry and Intracranial Relations of the Sphenoid Sinus in Context to Endoscopic Transnasal Transsphenoidal Surgery
Cureus
Folia Morphologica, 2013
The vasospastic diseases and chronic pain related to lower limb have been successfully treated by... more The vasospastic diseases and chronic pain related to lower limb have been successfully treated by surgical ablation of lumbar sympathetic trunk for last 80 years. Precise knowledge of anatomy of lumbar sympathetic trunk and its adjoining structures is mandatory for safe and uncomplicated lumbar and spinal surgeries. We aim to study the detailed anatomy of entry and exit of lumbar sympathetic trunk, the number, dimensions and location of lumbar ganglia in relation to lumbar vertebra. Thorough dissection was carried out in 30 formalin embalmed cadavers available in the Department of Anatomy,
A Cadaveric Study to Define the Variant Patterns of Median Nerve Formation
Cureus
Study of frontal and ethmoid sinus of sinonasal complex along with olfactory fossa: anatomical considerations for endoscopic sinus surgery
Anatomy & Cell Biology
A rare presentation of the extra renal pelvis containing multiple calculi
Pravara Medical Review, 2015
Flipped Classroom in Medical Education to BuildCompetency in Medical students
The flipped classroom is a blended learning approach that reverses the traditional teaching. This... more The flipped classroom is a blended learning approach that reverses the traditional teaching. This is a different way of organizing schoolwork and home work involving the learner actively in the learning process. In this method the class topic is made available to the students in the form of videos before the class and the class time is utilized for various activities to know the level of their understanding and its application. It breaks the old traditional way of teaching and develops the creative, active, learning environment for the student.Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted on 150 students of 1st year MBBS and 100 students of 1st year BDS of 2019-20 batch. The concept of flipped class room was explained to them and learning material was provided and classroom activity was conducted. Results: 120 students expressed that flipped method is good and wants its implement from the 1st year onwards but 74 students expressed that the traditional method is best way of te...
Mathematical Modeling of the Propagation Speed of an Epidemic like COVID-19
We surveyed public health utilization of or the basic reproduction number, which appraises the sp... more We surveyed public health utilization of or the basic reproduction number, which appraises the speed at which an illness is fit for spreading in a population. In this manner, processing these esteems by math modeling is examined in detail
Vacterl -A Cluster of Anomalies
VACTERL association is a cluster of anomalies due to defect in embryonic mesoderm resulting in in... more VACTERL association is a cluster of anomalies due to defect in embryonic mesoderm resulting in involvement of multi organ systems. It is a rare condition more frequently seen in the male babies born to diabetic mother. In the present case vacterl association was identified in a 30 weeks male destitute baby collected from Victoria general hospital, Visakhapatnam. In this case vertebral anomalies, anorectic anomalies, renal and limb defects were identified fulfilling the criteria of VACTERL association. Exposure of drugs during first trimester and chromosomal anomalies are the causative factors for this rare association that hasto be investigated to prevent fetal morbidity and mortality.
ISRN Anatomy, 2013
Background. The complex architecture of the right atrium, crista terminalis (CT), and the musculi... more Background. The complex architecture of the right atrium, crista terminalis (CT), and the musculi pectinati (MP) poses enormous challenges in electrophysiology and cardiac conduction. Few studies have been undertaken to substantiate the gross features of MP, in relation to the CT, but there is still scarcity of data regarding this. We tried to reinvestigate the gross arrangement of muscle bundles in the right atrium. Methods. Utilizing 151 human hearts and orientation of MP and its variations and relationship to the CT were investigated along with taenia sagittalis (TS). Patterns of MP were grouped in 6 categories and TS under three groups. Result. A plethora of variations were observed. Analysis of all the specimen revealed that 68 samples (45%) were of type 1 category and 27 (18%) fell into type 2 category. Prominent muscular columns were reported in 12 samples (8%). 83 samples (55%) presented with a single trunk of TS. Multiple trunks of TS were reported in 38 samples (25%). Conc...
Journal of the Anatomical Society of India, 2013
Thorough dissection was performed to observe the formation of branches of lumbar plexus and measu... more Thorough dissection was performed to observe the formation of branches of lumbar plexus and measurements were taken from the adjacent bony landmarks. Result: Bilateral prefixation of the lumbar plexus was found in one cadaver bilaterally. Ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves were arising by a common stem in 11.66% of cases; in the remaining ones, they were having separate origins. In majority, 81.6% of the genitofemoral nerve pierced the medial third of the anterior surface of the psoas major muscle. Accessory obturator nerve was observed in 3 cases (5%) of 60 plexuses. The site of formation of femoral nerve was 5 cm inferior to the iliac crest in 71.6% of instances. The formation of obturator nerve was found to vary from the level of supracristal plane to 3.5 cm inferior to the plane; in 58.3%, it was 3 cm below the plane. Conclusion: The measurements given in this study will help the surgeon to avoid iatrogenic nerve injury as well as to assess them during lumbar plexus block.
Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 2012
The incidence of duplication of fallopian tube was first described by Krossman et al. in 1894 in ... more The incidence of duplication of fallopian tube was first described by Krossman et al. in 1894 in 4-10% of all women. Since then, many authors reported the anatomy, histology and pathogenesis of accessory fallopian tubes illustrated in Table 1. [3] Beyth and Kopolovic discussed the
Passive euthanasia (Good death, easy death, right to die, mercy killing) is one of the major issu... more Passive euthanasia (Good death, easy death, right to die, mercy killing) is one of the major issues developed with progress of human race. Euthanasia elicits strong emotions as it is concerned with life and death issues. Euthanasia has been practiced in most of the countries for more than twenty years and focuses mainly on the fact that patient suffering ought to be prioritized over the patient life. The quality of life shall be taken care of in critically ill patients. Euthanasia is not killing a patient but allowing the critically ill person to end his life on his own wish to die peacefully. This controversial topic is debated because it violates codes of medical ethics and patient care which exists since antiquity. The euthanasia, its types, guidelines for implication in various countries and perspectives in India are discussed in this article.
Pravara Medical Review, 2010
In view of the variable presentations of biceps brachii, a proper understanding of the anatomy of... more In view of the variable presentations of biceps brachii, a proper understanding of the anatomy of the muscle, and possible anatomical variants is a pre-requisite in managing distal biceps injury. We present the case of a 65 years old male cadaver showing variation in the insertion pattern of biceps brachii muscle unilaterally on the left arm. Although the origin of the muscle was normal, its insertion was by two separate tendons; a common and an accessory; both inserting on diverse regions of the radial tuberosity. The common tendon was formed by the tendons from short head and long head. The accessory tendon was the extension of the fleshy belly on the lateral side of the main muscle (Accessory Muscle Belly) towards its lower third. Knowledge of the accessory tendon of the biceps is crucial while performing tendon reconstruction and repair and it may also lead to unusual displacement of the bone fragment, subsequent to fracture.
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2018
BACKGROUND: Radial artery is the smaller terminal branch of brachial artery. Abnormal variations ... more BACKGROUND: Radial artery is the smaller terminal branch of brachial artery. Abnormal variations in the anatomy of radial artery may produce an iatrogenic injury leading to undesired complications. MATERIALS & METHODS: Study was carried out on 18 formalin fixed cadavers i.e. 36 limbs of adult age in the Department of Anatomy. Arm and forearm of both upper limbs were carefully dissected to note the variation in the origin of Radial artery. RESULT: Unilateral Variations of high origin of Radial artery were observed in two cases (5.55%). In first case, radial artery was originated from right brachial artery 13.5 centimetre above the intercondylar line while in second case it was 19 centimetres above the intercondylar line. CONCLUSION: In recent times, there has been an increase in the use of radial artery for various diagnostic & invasive procedures which requires the qualified apprehension of the variant anatomy to avoid iatrogenic injury and perform safe procedures.
Evaluation of sleep pattern due to stress in undergraduate medical students and its impact on health and academic performance: A cross-sectional study from tertiary health center of Central India
Background: Good quality sleep is essential for good health and well-being. Medical students are ... more Background: Good quality sleep is essential for good health and well-being. Medical students are at no exception to this and are prone to greater risk for sleep deprivation. The major reason being challenges to maintain a high level of academic achievement and constant thirst to acquire new learning skills and knowledge. However, in this process they are circumstanced to various levels of stress that might cause potential damage to their cognitive functioning and mental exhaustion to a certain extent. Objectives: Thus, our study objectives were to evaluate the sleep pattern in first- and second-year medical students. To understand how the stress levels and academic performance are related to sleep pattern and to explore the copying strategies of stress in our study participants. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted using a self-reported, web-based, questionnaire that included questions on sleep quality and deprivation through Pittsburgh sleep quality index. All the ...
The Anatomy of Accessory Obturator Nerve in Human Cadavers
Indian Journal of Anatomy
Anatomical variations in pneumatization and septation of sphenoid sinus in human cadavers
Journal of the Anatomical Society of India