Kwestan Sdiq - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Kwestan Sdiq

Brazilian journal of microbiology, Feb 21, 2024

In this article the second affiliation details for Layla Mohamed Aladdin were incorrectly given a... more In this article the second affiliation details for Layla Mohamed Aladdin were incorrectly given as 'Cihan University-Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq' but should have been '

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

Seasonal variation of water, antioxidant activities as algal pigments, total antioxidant activiti... more Seasonal variation of water, antioxidant activities as algal pigments, total antioxidant activities, DPPH, total phenolic compound using three solvents, methanol, acetone, and diethyl ether, of two algal species, N. commune and N. muscarum, were assessed. They also determined the physio-chemical and bacteriological water characteristics at the Gali Ali Bag. A significant variation were observed with an obvious correlation in water quality parameters in different seasons, generally raised in summer and reduced in winter. The two algal species show a higher accumulation of photosynthetic and accessory pigments in spring and summer and a significant decrease in winter. Antioxidant capacity in both algal species was analyzed by a three-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test. However, the contents were significant for all solvents. Moreover, N. muscarum shows the highest capacity in winter and reduced in summer for DPPH; however, the opposite pattern shows by N. commune. Although the total phenolic content of N. commune recorded a significant relation, N. muscarum was non-significant. The Cyanophyta algae show prominent growth responses and antioxidant activities and are better adapted to changing climatic conditions. Due to their prompt responses, even to minor changes in the aquatic environment, they can be used as ecological indicators in freshwater ecosystems.

Brazilian Journal of Biology, 2022

The total phenolic compound and fatty acid profiles of lipids from microalgae are unique. The pre... more The total phenolic compound and fatty acid profiles of lipids from microalgae are unique. The present study was designed to investigate aqueous, ethanolic and acetone extracts of several algae (Spirogyra sp., Spirulina sp.,Chlorella sp and Chara sp.) for their antioxidant capacities of the crude extracts and fractions by radical scavenging activity against the stable radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl DPPH as well; total phenolic content. The results showed that Spirulina sp. indicated significantly higher total phenolic compound and antioxidant activities compared to the other species (P < 0.05) and acetone extracts showed higher quantity among three extracts. The fatty acids analysis using High performance liquid chromatography –HPLC showed the presence of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid, palmitic acid showed high quantity than other fatty acid classes in all studied algae. This study concluded that high antioxidant capacity of microalgae could be ...

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia

ABSTRACT. The present work investigated the kinetic and thermodynamic study of adsorbents to remo... more ABSTRACT. The present work investigated the kinetic and thermodynamic study of adsorbents to remove copper ions from aqueous solutions and compared the efficiency between the natural microalgae bio-adsorbent chlorella species (sp.) and synthetic magnetic nanoparticles. All materials synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The highest Cu+2 ion adsorption for the copper solution at 100 mg/L was 57.2%, while at pH 8 it was 59.7%. The more efficient adsorbent for Cu+2 acquired by chlorella was 0.24 mg/g. The second-order kinetic model is fitted, the activation energy (Ea) for the three adsorbents; Chlorella, Fe3O4, (Fe3O4 coated with SiO2) were 95.24, 40.69, 20.39 kJ/mol, respectively indicating the adsorption process is slower than the magnetic nanoparticles. Enthalpy activation changes (ΔH#) were endothermic and showed that the adsorption of the Cu+2 on the chlorella was chemisorption and o...

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia

ABSTRACT. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are gaining popularity because of their small size allowi... more ABSTRACT. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are gaining popularity because of their small size allowing for research into the fundamentals of magnetism. In wastewater treatment, adsorption methods commonly remove heavy metals, but copper (Cu+2) ion removal using magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) has not been investigated. In this study two different modes were used to determine maximum adsorption capacity to remove copper(II). The nanoparticles containing the Fe3O4 with Chlorella, core-shell Fe3O4/SiO2 with Chlorella sp. synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, the morphology observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), crystalline structure, and grain size provided by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Copper(II) ion removal showed in both modes. The maximum copper(II) ion reduction percent was obtained by nanoparticles containing core-shell Fe3O4/Chlorella 80.3%, Fe3O4/SiO2 with Chlorella sp. (86.9%) the result showed maximum ...

The present work investigated the more competent and challenging adsorbent to remove copper ions ... more The present work investigated the more competent and challenging adsorbent to remove copper ions from aqueous solutions, comparing the efficiency between the natural microalgae bio-adsorbent chlorella species (that are present in Greater Zab River near Erbil city, which is known as hyper accumulate heavy metal ions) and synthetic magnetic nanoparticles coated with silica (SiO2) (that are gaining popularity for the treatment of heavy metals in water because of there smaller size, highly dispersible in different pH and magnetically resonant efficient). All the materials synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, the morphology observed by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), crystalline structure, and grain size provided by Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The maximum Cu+ 2 ion adsorption was for 100mg/L for the copper solution was 57.2%, at pH8 was 59.7%, and at the temperature, 30°C was 80.2% are the optimum conditions obta...

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2020

A promising avenue of research in materials science is to follow the strategies used by Mother-Na... more A promising avenue of research in materials science is to follow the strategies used by Mother-Nature to fabricate ornate hierarchical structures as exemplified by organisms such as diatoms, sponges and magnetotactic micro-algae. This paper focused on bio-synthesized magnetite nano-particles using eco-friendly method. Here, various microalgae have been used such as Spirulina sp. and Spirogyra sp. in order to produce magnetite nano-particles. The iron oxide nano-particles of average size~45 nm were obtained. Further, in this study different characterization technique's applied to obtain the magnetic nano-particles, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX) and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Also, X-ray diffraction, techniques. Calculation to obtaining the crystallite size by Debye-Scherrer equation. Also, The band gap parameters of the magneto-nanooxide such as indirect and direct-band gap energies has been determined (E g opt = 1.87eV present study and E g opt = 4.3eV elsewhere). Finally, the results of this paper clearly indicated that iron oxide-NPs spherical shaped and average size of particle is found to be below 100 nm.

Maǧallaẗ ǧāmiʻaẗ kirkūk, Apr 5, 2022

The Degala Basin is one of the water reservoirs in the heart of the Degala sub-district, roughly ... more The Degala Basin is one of the water reservoirs in the heart of the Degala sub-district, roughly 50 kilometers east of Erbil City. Samples were collected monthly from different sites of Degala Basin during October 2020 to August 2021 to determine physicochemical and biological properties EC, TDS, Chloride, Na, K, Ca hardness, total alkalinity, nitrate, and DO, pH, total hardness, Mg hardness, and Sulfate. The statistical analysis of the data revealed that there were significant differences in physico-chemical parameters between the two sites, with high significant relationships for (EC, TDS, chloride, Na, K, Ca hardness, total alkalinity, nitrate, and DO) and low significant relationships for (pH, total hardness, Mg hardness, and Sulfate) at the (p ≤ 0.05) for all parameters studied different algal species obtained from all sampling sites in Degala basin revealed the presence of a variety of algal species. There is small change in the pH value during the observation period among upstream, basin and downstream. Different genera of algae found in Degala basin.

Diyala Journal of Medicine

Background: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is one of foodborne pathogenic bacteria that causes serious ... more Background: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is one of foodborne pathogenic bacteria that causes serious infections in people around the world. Cattle are a barrage of E. coli O157:H7, fresh products contaminated with cattle feces are the common sources for the pathogen. E. coli O157:H7 has the ability to survive well in the environment. Two main virulence factor genes of E. coli O157have been detected in this study, which are responsible to produce shiga toxin and increase the pathogenicity of this bacterium. Objective: To find out the rate of fresh food contamination by E. coli, and detect the genes responsible for shiga toxin production and increase the pathogenicity of E. coli among isolates from salad samples. Patients and Methods: Two hundred salad and vegetable samples were collected from different restaurants and small shops in Erbil city from April - September (2019). Samples were cultured on eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar plates; typical E. coli with a metallic shine appeared. Po...

Comparative Quality Analysis between Tap Water and Bottled Water, 2021

Recently, bottled water consumption has been increasing significantly, even when the quality of t... more Recently, bottled water consumption has been increasing significantly, even when the quality of tap water is considered excellent, which contribute for plastic pollution. Besides, reducing the use of plastic generally is recommended world widely, as its consumption is in an alarming rate. Therefore, this study aims to compare between the tap and bottled water and manifest the reasons behind choosing the bottled water which is less comfortable and often more expensive over the tap water. In this study, samples have been taken from both bottled and tap water in Koya city from November 2020 to May 2021 to test their quality using potential hydrogen, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS) meter, hardness was determined by complexometric titration method at 21°C, and X-ray fluorescence spectrometers. According to the quality standards, most of the variables were in a permissible range, except for DO and aluminum content in both types of water and TDS for two types of bottled water. However, the quality of tap water was much safer to be used, as compared with the bottled water.

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY

Recently, bottled water consumption has been increasing significantly, even when the quality of t... more Recently, bottled water consumption has been increasing significantly, even when the quality of tap water is considered excellent, which contributes to plastic pollution. Besides, reducing the use of plastic generally is recommended world widely, as its consumption is in an alarming rate. Therefore, this study aims to compare the tap and bottled water and manifest the reasons behind choosing the bottled water, which is less comfortable and often more expensive over the tap water. In this study, samples have been taken from both bottled and tap water in Koya city from November 2020 to May 2021 to test their quality using PH, DO, EC, and TDS meter, hardness was determined by complexometric titration method at 21°C, and XRF spectrometers. According to the quality standards, most of the variables were in a permissible range, except for dissolved oxygen and Aluminum content in both types of water and TDS for two types of bottled water. However, the quality of tap water was much safer to ...

Brazilian journal of microbiology, Feb 21, 2024

In this article the second affiliation details for Layla Mohamed Aladdin were incorrectly given a... more In this article the second affiliation details for Layla Mohamed Aladdin were incorrectly given as 'Cihan University-Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq' but should have been '

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

Seasonal variation of water, antioxidant activities as algal pigments, total antioxidant activiti... more Seasonal variation of water, antioxidant activities as algal pigments, total antioxidant activities, DPPH, total phenolic compound using three solvents, methanol, acetone, and diethyl ether, of two algal species, N. commune and N. muscarum, were assessed. They also determined the physio-chemical and bacteriological water characteristics at the Gali Ali Bag. A significant variation were observed with an obvious correlation in water quality parameters in different seasons, generally raised in summer and reduced in winter. The two algal species show a higher accumulation of photosynthetic and accessory pigments in spring and summer and a significant decrease in winter. Antioxidant capacity in both algal species was analyzed by a three-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test. However, the contents were significant for all solvents. Moreover, N. muscarum shows the highest capacity in winter and reduced in summer for DPPH; however, the opposite pattern shows by N. commune. Although the total phenolic content of N. commune recorded a significant relation, N. muscarum was non-significant. The Cyanophyta algae show prominent growth responses and antioxidant activities and are better adapted to changing climatic conditions. Due to their prompt responses, even to minor changes in the aquatic environment, they can be used as ecological indicators in freshwater ecosystems.

Brazilian Journal of Biology, 2022

The total phenolic compound and fatty acid profiles of lipids from microalgae are unique. The pre... more The total phenolic compound and fatty acid profiles of lipids from microalgae are unique. The present study was designed to investigate aqueous, ethanolic and acetone extracts of several algae (Spirogyra sp., Spirulina sp.,Chlorella sp and Chara sp.) for their antioxidant capacities of the crude extracts and fractions by radical scavenging activity against the stable radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl DPPH as well; total phenolic content. The results showed that Spirulina sp. indicated significantly higher total phenolic compound and antioxidant activities compared to the other species (P < 0.05) and acetone extracts showed higher quantity among three extracts. The fatty acids analysis using High performance liquid chromatography –HPLC showed the presence of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid, palmitic acid showed high quantity than other fatty acid classes in all studied algae. This study concluded that high antioxidant capacity of microalgae could be ...

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia

ABSTRACT. The present work investigated the kinetic and thermodynamic study of adsorbents to remo... more ABSTRACT. The present work investigated the kinetic and thermodynamic study of adsorbents to remove copper ions from aqueous solutions and compared the efficiency between the natural microalgae bio-adsorbent chlorella species (sp.) and synthetic magnetic nanoparticles. All materials synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The highest Cu+2 ion adsorption for the copper solution at 100 mg/L was 57.2%, while at pH 8 it was 59.7%. The more efficient adsorbent for Cu+2 acquired by chlorella was 0.24 mg/g. The second-order kinetic model is fitted, the activation energy (Ea) for the three adsorbents; Chlorella, Fe3O4, (Fe3O4 coated with SiO2) were 95.24, 40.69, 20.39 kJ/mol, respectively indicating the adsorption process is slower than the magnetic nanoparticles. Enthalpy activation changes (ΔH#) were endothermic and showed that the adsorption of the Cu+2 on the chlorella was chemisorption and o...

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia

ABSTRACT. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are gaining popularity because of their small size allowi... more ABSTRACT. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are gaining popularity because of their small size allowing for research into the fundamentals of magnetism. In wastewater treatment, adsorption methods commonly remove heavy metals, but copper (Cu+2) ion removal using magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) has not been investigated. In this study two different modes were used to determine maximum adsorption capacity to remove copper(II). The nanoparticles containing the Fe3O4 with Chlorella, core-shell Fe3O4/SiO2 with Chlorella sp. synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, the morphology observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), crystalline structure, and grain size provided by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Copper(II) ion removal showed in both modes. The maximum copper(II) ion reduction percent was obtained by nanoparticles containing core-shell Fe3O4/Chlorella 80.3%, Fe3O4/SiO2 with Chlorella sp. (86.9%) the result showed maximum ...

The present work investigated the more competent and challenging adsorbent to remove copper ions ... more The present work investigated the more competent and challenging adsorbent to remove copper ions from aqueous solutions, comparing the efficiency between the natural microalgae bio-adsorbent chlorella species (that are present in Greater Zab River near Erbil city, which is known as hyper accumulate heavy metal ions) and synthetic magnetic nanoparticles coated with silica (SiO2) (that are gaining popularity for the treatment of heavy metals in water because of there smaller size, highly dispersible in different pH and magnetically resonant efficient). All the materials synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, the morphology observed by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), crystalline structure, and grain size provided by Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The maximum Cu+ 2 ion adsorption was for 100mg/L for the copper solution was 57.2%, at pH8 was 59.7%, and at the temperature, 30°C was 80.2% are the optimum conditions obta...

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2020

A promising avenue of research in materials science is to follow the strategies used by Mother-Na... more A promising avenue of research in materials science is to follow the strategies used by Mother-Nature to fabricate ornate hierarchical structures as exemplified by organisms such as diatoms, sponges and magnetotactic micro-algae. This paper focused on bio-synthesized magnetite nano-particles using eco-friendly method. Here, various microalgae have been used such as Spirulina sp. and Spirogyra sp. in order to produce magnetite nano-particles. The iron oxide nano-particles of average size~45 nm were obtained. Further, in this study different characterization technique's applied to obtain the magnetic nano-particles, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX) and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Also, X-ray diffraction, techniques. Calculation to obtaining the crystallite size by Debye-Scherrer equation. Also, The band gap parameters of the magneto-nanooxide such as indirect and direct-band gap energies has been determined (E g opt = 1.87eV present study and E g opt = 4.3eV elsewhere). Finally, the results of this paper clearly indicated that iron oxide-NPs spherical shaped and average size of particle is found to be below 100 nm.

Maǧallaẗ ǧāmiʻaẗ kirkūk, Apr 5, 2022

The Degala Basin is one of the water reservoirs in the heart of the Degala sub-district, roughly ... more The Degala Basin is one of the water reservoirs in the heart of the Degala sub-district, roughly 50 kilometers east of Erbil City. Samples were collected monthly from different sites of Degala Basin during October 2020 to August 2021 to determine physicochemical and biological properties EC, TDS, Chloride, Na, K, Ca hardness, total alkalinity, nitrate, and DO, pH, total hardness, Mg hardness, and Sulfate. The statistical analysis of the data revealed that there were significant differences in physico-chemical parameters between the two sites, with high significant relationships for (EC, TDS, chloride, Na, K, Ca hardness, total alkalinity, nitrate, and DO) and low significant relationships for (pH, total hardness, Mg hardness, and Sulfate) at the (p ≤ 0.05) for all parameters studied different algal species obtained from all sampling sites in Degala basin revealed the presence of a variety of algal species. There is small change in the pH value during the observation period among upstream, basin and downstream. Different genera of algae found in Degala basin.

Diyala Journal of Medicine

Background: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is one of foodborne pathogenic bacteria that causes serious ... more Background: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is one of foodborne pathogenic bacteria that causes serious infections in people around the world. Cattle are a barrage of E. coli O157:H7, fresh products contaminated with cattle feces are the common sources for the pathogen. E. coli O157:H7 has the ability to survive well in the environment. Two main virulence factor genes of E. coli O157have been detected in this study, which are responsible to produce shiga toxin and increase the pathogenicity of this bacterium. Objective: To find out the rate of fresh food contamination by E. coli, and detect the genes responsible for shiga toxin production and increase the pathogenicity of E. coli among isolates from salad samples. Patients and Methods: Two hundred salad and vegetable samples were collected from different restaurants and small shops in Erbil city from April - September (2019). Samples were cultured on eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar plates; typical E. coli with a metallic shine appeared. Po...

Comparative Quality Analysis between Tap Water and Bottled Water, 2021

Recently, bottled water consumption has been increasing significantly, even when the quality of t... more Recently, bottled water consumption has been increasing significantly, even when the quality of tap water is considered excellent, which contribute for plastic pollution. Besides, reducing the use of plastic generally is recommended world widely, as its consumption is in an alarming rate. Therefore, this study aims to compare between the tap and bottled water and manifest the reasons behind choosing the bottled water which is less comfortable and often more expensive over the tap water. In this study, samples have been taken from both bottled and tap water in Koya city from November 2020 to May 2021 to test their quality using potential hydrogen, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS) meter, hardness was determined by complexometric titration method at 21°C, and X-ray fluorescence spectrometers. According to the quality standards, most of the variables were in a permissible range, except for DO and aluminum content in both types of water and TDS for two types of bottled water. However, the quality of tap water was much safer to be used, as compared with the bottled water.

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY

Recently, bottled water consumption has been increasing significantly, even when the quality of t... more Recently, bottled water consumption has been increasing significantly, even when the quality of tap water is considered excellent, which contributes to plastic pollution. Besides, reducing the use of plastic generally is recommended world widely, as its consumption is in an alarming rate. Therefore, this study aims to compare the tap and bottled water and manifest the reasons behind choosing the bottled water, which is less comfortable and often more expensive over the tap water. In this study, samples have been taken from both bottled and tap water in Koya city from November 2020 to May 2021 to test their quality using PH, DO, EC, and TDS meter, hardness was determined by complexometric titration method at 21°C, and XRF spectrometers. According to the quality standards, most of the variables were in a permissible range, except for dissolved oxygen and Aluminum content in both types of water and TDS for two types of bottled water. However, the quality of tap water was much safer to ...