L BROUTMAN - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by L BROUTMAN

Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of the Fiber-Polymer Matrix Interfacial Strength

Interfaces in Composites, 1969

... Finally, measurements on actual fiber composites (horizontal shear strength) will be discusse... more ... Finally, measurements on actual fiber composites (horizontal shear strength) will be discussed as a means of measuring fiber-matrix interfacial strength. KEY WORDS: fibers, reinforced plastics, polymers, glass interfaces, bond strength, boron, evaluation, tests 'Associate ...

Research paper thumbnail of Moisture induced resistivity changes in graphite-reinforced plastics

Research paper thumbnail of Micromechanics Studies of Rubber-reinforced Glassy Polymers

International Journal of Polymeric Materials, 1971

A method is discussed for calculating internal stresses in rubber-modified polymers and for predi... more A method is discussed for calculating internal stresses in rubber-modified polymers and for predicting elastic constants as well as a critical stress for onset of crazing. A simple model is used to simulate the structure and behavior of the composite, and the necessary assumptions are listed. It is possible to account for interactions between particles which to date has been

Research paper thumbnail of Stress-wave Propagation in composite materials

Experimental Mechanics, 1966

Without Abstract

Research paper thumbnail of Impact Strength and Toughness of Fiber Composite Materials

Foreign Object Impact Damage to Composites, 1975

Research paper thumbnail of Failure analysis of a PVC water pipe

Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, 1990

Page 1. Failure Analysis of a PVC Water Pipe LAWRENCE J. BROUTMAN, DONALD E. DUVALL, and PAUL K. ... more Page 1. Failure Analysis of a PVC Water Pipe LAWRENCE J. BROUTMAN, DONALD E. DUVALL, and PAUL K. SO L. J. Broutman and Associates, Znc. Chicago, Illinois 60616 Two fractured 8" IPS SDR 26 PVC 1120 water pipe ...

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling of Failures and Failure Processes

Plastics Failure Analysis and Prevention, 2001

Research paper thumbnail of The fracture behavior of surface embrittled polymers

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1986

Page 1. The Fracture Behavior of Surface Embrittled Polymers PAUL K. SOandL. J. BROUTMAN L. J. Br... more Page 1. The Fracture Behavior of Surface Embrittled Polymers PAUL K. SOandL. J. BROUTMAN L. J. Broutman & Associates, Ltd. 3424 South State Street Chicago, Illinois 6061 6 Normally ductile polymers may exhibit unexpected ...

Research paper thumbnail of Residual stresses in polymers and their effect on mechanical behavior

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1976

Plates of bisphenol-A polycarbonate and poly(methy1 methacrylate) have been quenched in ice water... more Plates of bisphenol-A polycarbonate and poly(methy1 methacrylate) have been quenched in ice water from temperatures slightly above their glass transition temperatures. Residual stresses are thus created. Measurement ofthese residual stresses has been accomplished by the "layer removal" method and the stress distributions through the thickness are presented. Compressive stresses, approximately 3000 psi, exist at the surface while tensile stresses ofat least 1000 psi exist in the interior. It is shown that these residual stresses can influence the notched Izod impact strengths for polycarbonates. The mechanism is thought to be suppression of craze initiation in advance of the notch due to the presence of residual compressive stresses for specimens notched prior to quenching. In the case of poly(methy1 methacrylate), it is shown that compressive residual stresses at the surface can cause plastic yielding to occur in bending experiments resulting in permanent deformation and greater energy absorption.

Research paper thumbnail of High pressure non-isothermal processing, of linear polyethylenes

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1976

Research paper thumbnail of Cold rolling of polymers 2. Toughness enhancement in amorphous polycarbonates

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1974

The effect of cold rolling on the Izod impact strength of amorphous polycarbonates has been studi... more The effect of cold rolling on the Izod impact strength of amorphous polycarbonates has been studied. The impact strength is a function of the roll reduction as well as the original sheet thickness. Sheets varying from 0.125 to 0.645 inches in thickness have been studied and roll reductions up to 50 percent have been utilized. It is shown that enhancement in impact strength occurs at very small percent roll reductions. The orientation release stress has been measured as a function of roll reduction and the internal stresses through the thickness of the sheets have been studied by birefringence methods. It is suggested that the residual stresses are responsible for impact enhancement rather than the molecular orientation.

Research paper thumbnail of Fracture analysis of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1982

The fracture properties of three grades of ~icr!,loiii~rile-l)iit~itliene-sty-rene (ARS) were eva... more The fracture properties of three grades of ~icr!,loiii~rile-l)iit~itliene-sty-rene (ARS) were evaluated iiii(l compared. 1 1 1 prclinii-i~r y studies, JII. (I integral) rrsiilts ohtainecl using the Uegley and Landes procedure for single-edge-notchrci terision speciinens and compact tension specimens were compured to establish the validit>, of the],,. criterion. It is shown that the Rice siiigle-specimen approximatioil can I w applied for this material, resulting i n consideral~le siinplificution of the testiiig procedure. The J,? values for two ofthe grades were evaluated at two or more rates using the compact tension geometry and the single-specimen procedure over it temperature range of -60" to +75"C. The results are malyzed in terms of ii rnodified E y i n g model, and the activation energies for thc two grades of ABS werc found to be 13.7 and 36.7 Kcdsiinole, respectively.

Research paper thumbnail of Introductory remarks

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1978

Research paper thumbnail of Water in epoxy resins Part II. Diffusion mechanism

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1985

Research paper thumbnail of Moisture diffusion in epoxy resins Part I. Non-Fickian sorption processes

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1985

Research paper thumbnail of Crack Propagation Resistance of Random Fiber Composites

Advances in Chemistry, 1976

Research paper thumbnail of Elastic-plastic finite element analysis of short fibre composites

Fibre Science and Technology, 1974

Research paper thumbnail of Strengthening and toughening of brittle materials. Progress report, January 31, 1972--January 31, 1973

Studies were conducted on spherical particle and fibrous composites. ; The six reprints deal with... more Studies were conducted on spherical particle and fibrous composites. ; The six reprints deal with: three-dimensional finiteelement analysis, effects of ; interface on mechanical properties of low aspect ratio fiber composites, ; reinforcement of epoxy resins with potassium titanate whiskers, mechanical ; properties of glass bead-filled epoxy composites, and interfacial layer effects ; on properties of composites. (DLC)

Research paper thumbnail of Strengthening and toughening of brittle materials. Progress report, January 31, 1973--January 31, 1974

Studies were conducted on spherical particle and fibrous composites. ; The six reprints deal with... more Studies were conducted on spherical particle and fibrous composites. ; The six reprints deal with: three-dimensional finiteelement analysis, effects of ; interface on mechanical properties of low aspect ratio fiber composites, ; reinforcement of epoxy resins with potassium titanate whiskers, mechanical ; properties of glass bead-filled epoxy composites, and interfacial layer effects ; on properties of composites. (DLC)

Research paper thumbnail of A New Theory to Predict Cumulative Fatigue Damage in Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics

Composite Materials: Testing and Design (Second Conference), 1972

ABSTRACT: Two-stress level cumulative fatigue damage was studied on a cross-plied E glass fiber/e... more ABSTRACT: Two-stress level cumulative fatigue damage was studied on a cross-plied E glass fiber/epoxy laminate (Scotchply type 1002). Tests were performed in fluctuating tension with the minimum value of cyclic stress equal to 5 percent of the maximum value of ...

Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of the Fiber-Polymer Matrix Interfacial Strength

Interfaces in Composites, 1969

... Finally, measurements on actual fiber composites (horizontal shear strength) will be discusse... more ... Finally, measurements on actual fiber composites (horizontal shear strength) will be discussed as a means of measuring fiber-matrix interfacial strength. KEY WORDS: fibers, reinforced plastics, polymers, glass interfaces, bond strength, boron, evaluation, tests 'Associate ...

Research paper thumbnail of Moisture induced resistivity changes in graphite-reinforced plastics

Research paper thumbnail of Micromechanics Studies of Rubber-reinforced Glassy Polymers

International Journal of Polymeric Materials, 1971

A method is discussed for calculating internal stresses in rubber-modified polymers and for predi... more A method is discussed for calculating internal stresses in rubber-modified polymers and for predicting elastic constants as well as a critical stress for onset of crazing. A simple model is used to simulate the structure and behavior of the composite, and the necessary assumptions are listed. It is possible to account for interactions between particles which to date has been

Research paper thumbnail of Stress-wave Propagation in composite materials

Experimental Mechanics, 1966

Without Abstract

Research paper thumbnail of Impact Strength and Toughness of Fiber Composite Materials

Foreign Object Impact Damage to Composites, 1975

Research paper thumbnail of Failure analysis of a PVC water pipe

Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, 1990

Page 1. Failure Analysis of a PVC Water Pipe LAWRENCE J. BROUTMAN, DONALD E. DUVALL, and PAUL K. ... more Page 1. Failure Analysis of a PVC Water Pipe LAWRENCE J. BROUTMAN, DONALD E. DUVALL, and PAUL K. SO L. J. Broutman and Associates, Znc. Chicago, Illinois 60616 Two fractured 8" IPS SDR 26 PVC 1120 water pipe ...

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling of Failures and Failure Processes

Plastics Failure Analysis and Prevention, 2001

Research paper thumbnail of The fracture behavior of surface embrittled polymers

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1986

Page 1. The Fracture Behavior of Surface Embrittled Polymers PAUL K. SOandL. J. BROUTMAN L. J. Br... more Page 1. The Fracture Behavior of Surface Embrittled Polymers PAUL K. SOandL. J. BROUTMAN L. J. Broutman & Associates, Ltd. 3424 South State Street Chicago, Illinois 6061 6 Normally ductile polymers may exhibit unexpected ...

Research paper thumbnail of Residual stresses in polymers and their effect on mechanical behavior

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1976

Plates of bisphenol-A polycarbonate and poly(methy1 methacrylate) have been quenched in ice water... more Plates of bisphenol-A polycarbonate and poly(methy1 methacrylate) have been quenched in ice water from temperatures slightly above their glass transition temperatures. Residual stresses are thus created. Measurement ofthese residual stresses has been accomplished by the "layer removal" method and the stress distributions through the thickness are presented. Compressive stresses, approximately 3000 psi, exist at the surface while tensile stresses ofat least 1000 psi exist in the interior. It is shown that these residual stresses can influence the notched Izod impact strengths for polycarbonates. The mechanism is thought to be suppression of craze initiation in advance of the notch due to the presence of residual compressive stresses for specimens notched prior to quenching. In the case of poly(methy1 methacrylate), it is shown that compressive residual stresses at the surface can cause plastic yielding to occur in bending experiments resulting in permanent deformation and greater energy absorption.

Research paper thumbnail of High pressure non-isothermal processing, of linear polyethylenes

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1976

Research paper thumbnail of Cold rolling of polymers 2. Toughness enhancement in amorphous polycarbonates

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1974

The effect of cold rolling on the Izod impact strength of amorphous polycarbonates has been studi... more The effect of cold rolling on the Izod impact strength of amorphous polycarbonates has been studied. The impact strength is a function of the roll reduction as well as the original sheet thickness. Sheets varying from 0.125 to 0.645 inches in thickness have been studied and roll reductions up to 50 percent have been utilized. It is shown that enhancement in impact strength occurs at very small percent roll reductions. The orientation release stress has been measured as a function of roll reduction and the internal stresses through the thickness of the sheets have been studied by birefringence methods. It is suggested that the residual stresses are responsible for impact enhancement rather than the molecular orientation.

Research paper thumbnail of Fracture analysis of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1982

The fracture properties of three grades of ~icr!,loiii~rile-l)iit~itliene-sty-rene (ARS) were eva... more The fracture properties of three grades of ~icr!,loiii~rile-l)iit~itliene-sty-rene (ARS) were evaluated iiii(l compared. 1 1 1 prclinii-i~r y studies, JII. (I integral) rrsiilts ohtainecl using the Uegley and Landes procedure for single-edge-notchrci terision speciinens and compact tension specimens were compured to establish the validit>, of the],,. criterion. It is shown that the Rice siiigle-specimen approximatioil can I w applied for this material, resulting i n consideral~le siinplificution of the testiiig procedure. The J,? values for two ofthe grades were evaluated at two or more rates using the compact tension geometry and the single-specimen procedure over it temperature range of -60" to +75"C. The results are malyzed in terms of ii rnodified E y i n g model, and the activation energies for thc two grades of ABS werc found to be 13.7 and 36.7 Kcdsiinole, respectively.

Research paper thumbnail of Introductory remarks

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1978

Research paper thumbnail of Water in epoxy resins Part II. Diffusion mechanism

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1985

Research paper thumbnail of Moisture diffusion in epoxy resins Part I. Non-Fickian sorption processes

Polymer Engineering and Science, 1985

Research paper thumbnail of Crack Propagation Resistance of Random Fiber Composites

Advances in Chemistry, 1976

Research paper thumbnail of Elastic-plastic finite element analysis of short fibre composites

Fibre Science and Technology, 1974

Research paper thumbnail of Strengthening and toughening of brittle materials. Progress report, January 31, 1972--January 31, 1973

Studies were conducted on spherical particle and fibrous composites. ; The six reprints deal with... more Studies were conducted on spherical particle and fibrous composites. ; The six reprints deal with: three-dimensional finiteelement analysis, effects of ; interface on mechanical properties of low aspect ratio fiber composites, ; reinforcement of epoxy resins with potassium titanate whiskers, mechanical ; properties of glass bead-filled epoxy composites, and interfacial layer effects ; on properties of composites. (DLC)

Research paper thumbnail of Strengthening and toughening of brittle materials. Progress report, January 31, 1973--January 31, 1974

Studies were conducted on spherical particle and fibrous composites. ; The six reprints deal with... more Studies were conducted on spherical particle and fibrous composites. ; The six reprints deal with: three-dimensional finiteelement analysis, effects of ; interface on mechanical properties of low aspect ratio fiber composites, ; reinforcement of epoxy resins with potassium titanate whiskers, mechanical ; properties of glass bead-filled epoxy composites, and interfacial layer effects ; on properties of composites. (DLC)

Research paper thumbnail of A New Theory to Predict Cumulative Fatigue Damage in Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics

Composite Materials: Testing and Design (Second Conference), 1972

ABSTRACT: Two-stress level cumulative fatigue damage was studied on a cross-plied E glass fiber/e... more ABSTRACT: Two-stress level cumulative fatigue damage was studied on a cross-plied E glass fiber/epoxy laminate (Scotchply type 1002). Tests were performed in fluctuating tension with the minimum value of cyclic stress equal to 5 percent of the maximum value of ...