Lassi Kauko - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Lassi Kauko

Research paper thumbnail of Kaasukuolio hiehon jalassa : tartunta käärmeenpistosta?

Research paper thumbnail of Mikrobilääkkeiden käyttösuositukset eläinten tärkeimpiin tulehdus- ja tartuntatauteihin

Research paper thumbnail of Loss rates of honey bee colonies during winter 2017/18 in 36 countries participating in the COLOSS survey, including effects of forage sources

Journal of Apicultural Research

This short article presents loss rates of honey bee colonies over winter 2017/18 from 36 countrie... more This short article presents loss rates of honey bee colonies over winter 2017/18 from 36 countries, including 33 in Europe, from data collected using the standardized COLOSS questionnaire. The 25,363 beekeepers supplying data passing consistency checks in total wintered 544,879 colonies, and reported 26,379 (4.8%, 95% CI 4.7-5.0%) colonies with unsolvable queen problems, 54,525 (10.0%, 95% CI 9.8-10.2%) dead colonies after winter and another 8,220 colonies (1.5%, 95% CI 1.4-1.6%) lost through natural disaster. This gave an overall loss rate of 16.4% (95% CI 16.1-16.6%) of honey bee colonies during winter 2017/18, but this varied greatly from 2.0 to 32.8% between countries. The included map shows relative risks of winter loss at regional level. The analysis using the total data-set confirmed findings from earlier surveys that smaller beekeeping operations with at most 50 colonies suffer significantly higher losses than larger operations (p < .001). Beekeepers migrating their colonies had significantly lower losses than those not migrating (p < .001), a different finding from previous research. Evaluation of six different forage sources as potential risk factors for colony loss indicated that intensive foraging on any of five of these plant sources (Orchards, Oilseed Rape, Maize, Heather and Autumn Forage Crops) was associated with significantly higher winter losses. This finding requires further study and explanation. A table is included giving detailed results of loss rates and the impact of the tested forage sources for each country and overall.

Research paper thumbnail of Multi-country loss rates of honey bee colonies during winter 2016/2017 from the COLOSS survey

Journal of Apicultural Research

Conceived the idea for the paper and wrote a first draft. † Did data processing and editing, all ... more Conceived the idea for the paper and wrote a first draft. † Did data processing and editing, all statistical analysis for the results in the table and text, produced the relative risks map, and contributed to the text of the article.

Research paper thumbnail of Preliminary analysis of loss rates of honey bee colonies during winter 2015/16 from the COLOSS survey

Journal of Apicultural Research, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of NMR profiling clarifies the characterization of Finnish honeys of different botanical origins

Food Research International, 2016

The Finnish varietal honeys are valued specialty foods with unique characteristics, owing to thei... more The Finnish varietal honeys are valued specialty foods with unique characteristics, owing to their botanical origin. 1 H NMR metabolomics was applied to examine the compositional differences and origin-related markers of naturally complex boreal honeys (buckwheat, clover, dandelion, heather, Himalayan balsam, honeydew, linden, lingonberry, multifloral). Special focus was on the metabolites in aqueous samples. Chloroform extracts of selected samples were also analyzed for additional metabolic evidence.

Research paper thumbnail of Taudinaiheuttajien, lääkkeiden ja vierasaineiden vaikutuksista mehiläisen (Apis mellifera L.) tartunnanvastaiseen puolustukseen

Summary: Immunotoxic and immunomodulatory aspects of pathogens, drugs and xenobiotics in protecti... more Summary: Immunotoxic and immunomodulatory aspects of pathogens, drugs and xenobiotics in protection of the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) to infections

Research paper thumbnail of Mehiläinen on oma lukunsa

Research paper thumbnail of Results of international standardised beekeeper surveys of colony losses for winter 2012-2013: analysis of winter loss rates and mixed effects modelling of risk factors for winter loss

Journal of Apicultural Research, 2014

This article presents results of an analysis of winter losses of honey bee colonies from 19 mainl... more This article presents results of an analysis of winter losses of honey bee colonies from 19 mainly European countries, most of which implemented the standardised 2013 COLOSS questionnaire. Generalised linear mixed effects models (GLMMs) were used to investigate the effects of several factors on the risk of colony loss, including different treatments for Varroa destructor, allowing for random effects of beekeeper and region. Both winter and summer treatments were considered, and the most common combinations of treatment and timing were used to define treatment factor levels. Overall and within country colony loss rates are presented. Significant factors in the model were found to be: percentage of young queens in the colonies before winter, extent of queen problems in summer, treatment of the varroa mite, and access by foraging honey bees to oilseed rape and maize. Spatial variation at the beekeeper level is shown across geographical regions using random effects from the fitted models, both before and after allowing for the effect of the significant terms in the model. This spatial variation is considerable.

Research paper thumbnail of Managed honey bee colony losses in Canada, China, Europe, Israel and Turkey, for the winters of 2008-9 and 1009-10

Journal of Apicultural Research and Bee World, Jan 31, 2012

In 2008 the COLOSS network was formed by honey bee experts from Europe and the USA. The primary o... more In 2008 the COLOSS network was formed by honey bee experts from Europe and the USA. The primary objectives set by this scientific network were to explain and to prevent large scale losses of honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies. In June 2008 COLOSS obtained four years support from the European Union from COST and was designated as COST Action FA0803–COLOSS (Prevention of honey bee COlony LOSSes).

Research paper thumbnail of Enterococcus faecalis -tartunta mehiläisellä

Research paper thumbnail of Honey bee colony winter loss rates for 35 countries participating in the COLOSS survey for winter 2018–2019, and the effects of a new queen on the risk of colony winter loss

Journal of Apicultural Research

This article presents managed honey bee colony loss rates over winter 2018/19 resulting from usin... more This article presents managed honey bee colony loss rates over winter 2018/19 resulting from using the standardised COLOSS questionnaire in 35 countries (31 in Europe). In total, 28,629 beekeepers supplying valid loss data wintered 738,233 colonies, and reported 29,912 (4.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.0-4.1%) colonies with unsolvable queen problems, 79,146 (10.7%, 95% CI 10.5-10.9%) dead colonies after winter and 13,895 colonies (1.9%, 95% CI 1.8-2.0%) lost through natural disaster. This gave an overall colony winter loss rate of 16.7% (95% CI 16.4-16.9%), varying greatly between countries, from 5.8% to 32.0%. We modelled the risk of loss as a dead/empty colony or from unresolvable queen problems, and found that, overall, larger beekeeping operations with more than 150 colonies experienced significantly lower losses (p < 0.001), consistent with earlier studies. Additionally, beekeepers included in this survey who did not migrate their colonies at least once in 2018 had significantly lower losses than those migrating (p < 0.001). The percentage of new queens from 2018 in wintered colonies was also examined as a potential risk factor. The percentage of colonies going into winter with a new queen was estimated as 55.0% over all countries. Higher percentages of young queens corresponded to lower overall losses (excluding losses from natural disaster), but also lower losses from unresolvable queen problems, and lower losses from winter mortality (p < 0.001). Detailed results for each country and overall are given in a table, and a map shows relative risks of winter loss at regional level.

Research paper thumbnail of Immunotoxic and immunosuppressive action of environment on the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.)

Annales UMCS, Medicina Veterinaria, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Kaasukuolio hiehon jalassa : tartunta käärmeenpistosta?

Research paper thumbnail of Mikrobilääkkeiden käyttösuositukset eläinten tärkeimpiin tulehdus- ja tartuntatauteihin

Research paper thumbnail of Loss rates of honey bee colonies during winter 2017/18 in 36 countries participating in the COLOSS survey, including effects of forage sources

Journal of Apicultural Research

This short article presents loss rates of honey bee colonies over winter 2017/18 from 36 countrie... more This short article presents loss rates of honey bee colonies over winter 2017/18 from 36 countries, including 33 in Europe, from data collected using the standardized COLOSS questionnaire. The 25,363 beekeepers supplying data passing consistency checks in total wintered 544,879 colonies, and reported 26,379 (4.8%, 95% CI 4.7-5.0%) colonies with unsolvable queen problems, 54,525 (10.0%, 95% CI 9.8-10.2%) dead colonies after winter and another 8,220 colonies (1.5%, 95% CI 1.4-1.6%) lost through natural disaster. This gave an overall loss rate of 16.4% (95% CI 16.1-16.6%) of honey bee colonies during winter 2017/18, but this varied greatly from 2.0 to 32.8% between countries. The included map shows relative risks of winter loss at regional level. The analysis using the total data-set confirmed findings from earlier surveys that smaller beekeeping operations with at most 50 colonies suffer significantly higher losses than larger operations (p < .001). Beekeepers migrating their colonies had significantly lower losses than those not migrating (p < .001), a different finding from previous research. Evaluation of six different forage sources as potential risk factors for colony loss indicated that intensive foraging on any of five of these plant sources (Orchards, Oilseed Rape, Maize, Heather and Autumn Forage Crops) was associated with significantly higher winter losses. This finding requires further study and explanation. A table is included giving detailed results of loss rates and the impact of the tested forage sources for each country and overall.

Research paper thumbnail of Multi-country loss rates of honey bee colonies during winter 2016/2017 from the COLOSS survey

Journal of Apicultural Research

Conceived the idea for the paper and wrote a first draft. † Did data processing and editing, all ... more Conceived the idea for the paper and wrote a first draft. † Did data processing and editing, all statistical analysis for the results in the table and text, produced the relative risks map, and contributed to the text of the article.

Research paper thumbnail of Preliminary analysis of loss rates of honey bee colonies during winter 2015/16 from the COLOSS survey

Journal of Apicultural Research, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of NMR profiling clarifies the characterization of Finnish honeys of different botanical origins

Food Research International, 2016

The Finnish varietal honeys are valued specialty foods with unique characteristics, owing to thei... more The Finnish varietal honeys are valued specialty foods with unique characteristics, owing to their botanical origin. 1 H NMR metabolomics was applied to examine the compositional differences and origin-related markers of naturally complex boreal honeys (buckwheat, clover, dandelion, heather, Himalayan balsam, honeydew, linden, lingonberry, multifloral). Special focus was on the metabolites in aqueous samples. Chloroform extracts of selected samples were also analyzed for additional metabolic evidence.

Research paper thumbnail of Taudinaiheuttajien, lääkkeiden ja vierasaineiden vaikutuksista mehiläisen (Apis mellifera L.) tartunnanvastaiseen puolustukseen

Summary: Immunotoxic and immunomodulatory aspects of pathogens, drugs and xenobiotics in protecti... more Summary: Immunotoxic and immunomodulatory aspects of pathogens, drugs and xenobiotics in protection of the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) to infections

Research paper thumbnail of Mehiläinen on oma lukunsa

Research paper thumbnail of Results of international standardised beekeeper surveys of colony losses for winter 2012-2013: analysis of winter loss rates and mixed effects modelling of risk factors for winter loss

Journal of Apicultural Research, 2014

This article presents results of an analysis of winter losses of honey bee colonies from 19 mainl... more This article presents results of an analysis of winter losses of honey bee colonies from 19 mainly European countries, most of which implemented the standardised 2013 COLOSS questionnaire. Generalised linear mixed effects models (GLMMs) were used to investigate the effects of several factors on the risk of colony loss, including different treatments for Varroa destructor, allowing for random effects of beekeeper and region. Both winter and summer treatments were considered, and the most common combinations of treatment and timing were used to define treatment factor levels. Overall and within country colony loss rates are presented. Significant factors in the model were found to be: percentage of young queens in the colonies before winter, extent of queen problems in summer, treatment of the varroa mite, and access by foraging honey bees to oilseed rape and maize. Spatial variation at the beekeeper level is shown across geographical regions using random effects from the fitted models, both before and after allowing for the effect of the significant terms in the model. This spatial variation is considerable.

Research paper thumbnail of Managed honey bee colony losses in Canada, China, Europe, Israel and Turkey, for the winters of 2008-9 and 1009-10

Journal of Apicultural Research and Bee World, Jan 31, 2012

In 2008 the COLOSS network was formed by honey bee experts from Europe and the USA. The primary o... more In 2008 the COLOSS network was formed by honey bee experts from Europe and the USA. The primary objectives set by this scientific network were to explain and to prevent large scale losses of honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies. In June 2008 COLOSS obtained four years support from the European Union from COST and was designated as COST Action FA0803–COLOSS (Prevention of honey bee COlony LOSSes).

Research paper thumbnail of Enterococcus faecalis -tartunta mehiläisellä

Research paper thumbnail of Honey bee colony winter loss rates for 35 countries participating in the COLOSS survey for winter 2018–2019, and the effects of a new queen on the risk of colony winter loss

Journal of Apicultural Research

This article presents managed honey bee colony loss rates over winter 2018/19 resulting from usin... more This article presents managed honey bee colony loss rates over winter 2018/19 resulting from using the standardised COLOSS questionnaire in 35 countries (31 in Europe). In total, 28,629 beekeepers supplying valid loss data wintered 738,233 colonies, and reported 29,912 (4.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.0-4.1%) colonies with unsolvable queen problems, 79,146 (10.7%, 95% CI 10.5-10.9%) dead colonies after winter and 13,895 colonies (1.9%, 95% CI 1.8-2.0%) lost through natural disaster. This gave an overall colony winter loss rate of 16.7% (95% CI 16.4-16.9%), varying greatly between countries, from 5.8% to 32.0%. We modelled the risk of loss as a dead/empty colony or from unresolvable queen problems, and found that, overall, larger beekeeping operations with more than 150 colonies experienced significantly lower losses (p < 0.001), consistent with earlier studies. Additionally, beekeepers included in this survey who did not migrate their colonies at least once in 2018 had significantly lower losses than those migrating (p < 0.001). The percentage of new queens from 2018 in wintered colonies was also examined as a potential risk factor. The percentage of colonies going into winter with a new queen was estimated as 55.0% over all countries. Higher percentages of young queens corresponded to lower overall losses (excluding losses from natural disaster), but also lower losses from unresolvable queen problems, and lower losses from winter mortality (p < 0.001). Detailed results for each country and overall are given in a table, and a map shows relative risks of winter loss at regional level.

Research paper thumbnail of Immunotoxic and immunosuppressive action of environment on the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.)

Annales UMCS, Medicina Veterinaria, 2000