Laetitia Fontaine - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Laetitia Fontaine
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 20, 2012
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific r... more HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2008
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific r... more HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 11, 2016
The C2D2-Environmental-Clay-based Concrete research program, funded by the French Ministry of Eco... more The C2D2-Environmental-Clay-based Concrete research program, funded by the French Ministry of Ecology for three years, brought together eight partners: research laboratories, material producers, constructors, technical center and educational experimentation center. The challenge was to propose innovative solutions to transform raw earth, a complex and highly variable raw material, into genuine environmental clay-based concretes whose implementation and final properties are controlled. Research has focused on cement concrete and industrial ceramics technology transfer towards a clay-based concrete: the control of granulometry, the use of dispersants and superplasticizers, coagulation techniques to harden the material and enable a rapid removal of the formwork. Exciting developments have been made, like the understanding of the impact of dispersants on the microstructure and final properties of the material. The economic partners had the ambition to commercialize innovative products. A fluid clay-based concrete was formulated from argilo-calcareous fines derived from aggregate washing; an abundant resource so far unused. This clay-based concrete was recently implemented on two construction sites, produced in a batching plant, transported in a mixer truck, poured and vibrated like a cement concrete. This is one of the pioneer experiences in France for an earth-based concrete.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Apr 22, 2012
Although earth has been used for construction for millennia and is still one of the most widely u... more Although earth has been used for construction for millennia and is still one of the most widely used building materials in the world, it is still difficult to find reliable values for the hygro-thermal and mechanical properties of earthen materials. Only little scientific research has been conducted on this material compared to the huge literature available concerning cementitious materials. Considering the literature available on earthen materials, a majority of studies deal with cement or lime stabilized earth for compressed earth blocks or rammed earth, and less has been done about natural unstabilized earth. The only existing comprehensive overview on the hydro-thermal and mechanical properties of earthen materials was authored by CRAterre-ENSAG and published 25 years ago. Now, for the second time in its thirty years of existence, CRAterre-ENSAG has undertaken the task of reactualizing this synthetic knowledge by writing a comprehensive review of the existing literature on the subject, thanks to the CRAterre laboratory documentation centre, which is the most complete source of information on earthen construction and architecture in the world (more than 20.000 references). In the present work, we intend to compile the most reliable experimental data on the hygro-thermal and mechanical properties of natural earth. We will inventory the performances determined by several research teams for rammed earth, compressed earth blocks, adobe, cob and mortar. We will discuss the reliability of the experimental techniques used. We will provide an overview on the state of knowledge concerning the different properties as well as on the lacking data. Finally, this literature review will also give some orientations for further scientific research.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 11, 2016
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 11, 2016
HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific re... more HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Materials and Structures, Mar 22, 2015
Although of interest for its low embodied energy content for construction, earth is usually not u... more Although of interest for its low embodied energy content for construction, earth is usually not used for modern construction due to the expensive, artisanal and complicated process and the high variability of the raw material. The transfer of techniques dedicated to cement concrete could help the industrialization of this material. The use of dispersant for an improved dispersion of the earth powder has been investigated for both dispersion of earth fine fraction and water (here named the binding phase) and mortar made with calibrated sand. An improvement of the rheology is observed with lower viscosity and yield stress. This leads to a very small improvement of the density however concomitant with a marked increase of the mechanical properties, Young modulus and compressive strength. The analysis of the microstructure of the mortar shows an increase of the largest pores, and a decrease of the clay platelets flocs. The evolutions of these properties are analyzed in terms of the Rumpf model at two different scales. The dispersant mainly acts on the platelet arrangement that defines the forces between particles, but also simultaneously decreases the permeability of this binding phase, therefore entrapping more air during the mixing of the powder and water. Clearly the use of a dispersant may be of interest for the processing of earth material on liquid state, decreasing the viscosity and/or allowing the reduction of the water content, and finally improving strength.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Apr 22, 2012
In order to pour an earthen material in a liquid state, as a concrete, technologies used by concr... more In order to pour an earthen material in a liquid state, as a concrete, technologies used by concrete and ceramic industries can be transferred to the field of earthen construction. Two different methods should be employed simultaneously. The first relates to theories of grain packing that have led to models of Apollonian packing and spaced packing, commonly used for the development of cement concrete (ultra high performance concrete and self-leveling concrete). It concerns the optimization of the granular skeleton of natural materials. The second relates to the dispersion of the colloidal fraction of earthen materials. In natural soils, clays are organized as porous aggregates composed of several tens of particles. These aggregates trap water that is not used to liquefy the mixture. The dispersion of these aggregates, releasing this interstitial water, liquefies the earthen material without adding water. This dispersion is obtained by adding a small proportion (on the order of a few tenths of a percent by mass relative to the dry material) of deflocculating agents such as those commonly used for the development of industrial ceramics. The combined action of these two methods leads to a solid material that does not crack while drying, and can easily be implemented at a viscosity comparable to that of vibrated concrete with the same tools than those employed by the concrete industry (cement mixer, shuttering, vibrating needle). This new technique is particularly suited for the implementation of slabs and other horizontal surfaces, and also for vertical walls.
Le langage de la matière
International audienceLa terre, dans son expression matérielle la plus simple et la plus pure, re... more International audienceLa terre, dans son expression matérielle la plus simple et la plus pure, recèle un potentiel émotionnel extrêmement puissant. L’émerveillement face à cette matière est à l’origine du collectif d’artistes Colectivo Terrón et de l’atelier pédagogique et scientifique de découverte de la matière terre « Grains de Bâtisseurs », qui ensuite a donné naissance à amàco. C’est cette émotion qui a amené aux fondateurs de ces deux entités à approfondir leur connaissance du comportement de cette matière granulaire et à rechercher ses possibilités expressives.Conférences scientifiques expérimentales, ateliers créatifs expérimentaux, ateliers de découverte et spectacles ont comme objectif de transformer le regard du grand public sur cette matière pauvre, ordinaire, banale, oubliée et le plus souvent ignorée.Il s’agit de rendre accessible la matière, de faire découvrir les multiples potentialités expressives de la terre par une approche et une pratique artistiques. A travers u...
Architecture en recherche 13 Articles 15 Les figures architecturales par Rémi ROUYER 25 La (Re)co... more Architecture en recherche 13 Articles 15 Les figures architecturales par Rémi ROUYER 25 La (Re)construction du lieu: Le cas de l'architecture de Turgut Cansever par Arbil OTKUNC 35 Geste architectural et objets ambiants : science anexacte engagée par Philippe LIVENEAU 49 Parcours de chercheur et cheminement thématique. D'une instrumentation génétique à une matérialité numérique par Philippe MARIN 59 « Vous avez un parcours atypique » par Arnaud HOLLARD 69 Après la thèse de doctorat… par Frédéric MORVAN BECKER 77 De grains de bâtisseurs à l'atelier matières à construire par Laetitia FONTAINE et Romain ANGER 93 Le végétal, une matière proxémique pour l'architecture. Retour sur un doctorat en urbanisme et architecture réalisé par une paysagiste par Magali PARIS 103 Architecture et vidéo, entre recherche, enseignement et création par Anne FAURE 113 Recherche, art et pratique : rencontres dans l'urbain et le sonore par Ricardo ATIENZA 121 La question du patrimoine urb...
USOS Cultural PARTICULARIDADES Piso del primer patio de canto rodado Cielos rasos y aleros de bar... more USOS Cultural PARTICULARIDADES Piso del primer patio de canto rodado Cielos rasos y aleros de barro CASA AZUL GRAN COLOMBIA 10-29 Y PADRE AGUIRRE VALOR PATRIMONIAL Var (B) SISTEMA ESTRUCTURAL Muros portantes de adobe Estructura de madera USOS Comercial, oficinas PARTICULARIDADES Alero curvo (entaquillado de carrizo horizontal, amarres de cabuya y clavos de hierro forjado) Carpintería azul añil (tradicional colocación con azul de metileno, eficaz mata polillas) Casa Azul (AR) Casa de Las Posadas (UA) CASA DEL COCO CALLES SIMÓN BOLÍVAR 12-60 Y JUAN MONTALVO VALOR PATRIMONIAL Var (A) SISTEMA ESTRUCTURAL Muros portantes de adobe Estructura de madera USO Cultural PARTICULARIDAD Dinteles decorados con altorrelieves en yeso, cal o ladrillo PASAJE MATA CALLES SIMÓN BOLÍVAR 8-28 Y LUIS CORDERO VALOR PATRIMONIAL Var (A) SISTEMA ESTRUCTURAL Muros portantes de adobe Estructura de madera USO Cultural PARTICULARIDADES Vidrios importados de Bélgica; balaústres y latón policromado para cielos rasos de Francia
Grains de bâtisseurs
Ces 55 videos ont pour but de presenter pourquoi il est possible de bâtir en terre. Les Ateliers ... more Ces 55 videos ont pour but de presenter pourquoi il est possible de bâtir en terre. Les Ateliers de Grains de Bâtisseurs sont de petites experiences scientifiques, simples, ludiques voire spectaculaires a destination du grand public, enfants et adultes, mais aussi des professionnels de la construction pour decouvrir comment il est possible de passer d'un tas de terre a un mur puis a des edifices capables de durer des siecles et de resister aux intemperies. Dans ces videos, grâce a de nombreuses experiences ludiques et interactives, le spectateur comprendre comment et pourquoi il est possible de construire en terre. Ces videos guident le spectateur de la geologie a l'architecture vers la decouverte du comportement etrange des constituants de la terre : le sable, l'eau et l'argile
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 11, 2016
The C2D2-Environmental-Clay-based Concrete research program, funded by the French Ministry of Eco... more The C2D2-Environmental-Clay-based Concrete research program, funded by the French Ministry of Ecology for three years, brought together eight partners: research laboratories, material producers, constructors, technical center and educational experimentation center. The challenge was to propose innovative solutions to transform raw earth, a complex and highly variable raw material, into genuine environmental clay-based concretes whose implementation and final properties are controlled. Research has focused on cement concrete and industrial ceramics technology transfer towards a clay-based concrete: the control of granulometry, the use of dispersants and superplasticizers, coagulation techniques to harden the material and enable a rapid removal of the formwork. Exciting developments have been made, like the understanding of the impact of dispersants on the microstructure and final properties of the material. The economic partners had the ambition to commercialize innovative products. A fluid clay-based concrete was formulated from argilo-calcareous fines derived from aggregate washing; an abundant resource so far unused. This clay-based concrete was recently implemented on two construction sites, produced in a batching plant, transported in a mixer truck, poured and vibrated like a cement concrete. This is one of the pioneer experiences in France for an earth-based concrete.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2017
Cette publication a été élaborée sur la base des résultats du projet PaTerre+ réalisé par CRAterr... more Cette publication a été élaborée sur la base des résultats du projet PaTerre+ réalisé par CRAterre-ENSAG en collaboration avec le LRMH dans le cadre du
Construire en terre, une autre voie pour loger la planète
Construire localement avec le materiau terre pourrait-etre une reponse aux besoins de constructio... more Construire localement avec le materiau terre pourrait-etre une reponse aux besoins de construction de la population mondiale. Disponible en de nombreux endroits de la planete, la terre crue est en phase avec les grands enjeux contemporains : ecologiques, culturels, sociaux et economiques. Ce materiau " pret a construire " favorise le developpement local en mettant en valeur la culture et les savoirs locaux tout en etant createur d'emplois et de richesses. Une voie a reconsiderer serieusement
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 11, 2016
HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific re... more HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Grains de bâtisseurs
55 vidéos pédagogiquesCes 55 vidéos ont pour but de présenter pourquoi il est possible de bâtir e... more 55 vidéos pédagogiquesCes 55 vidéos ont pour but de présenter pourquoi il est possible de bâtir en terre. Les Ateliers de Grains de Bâtisseurs sont de petites expériences scientifiques, simples, ludiques voire spectaculaires à destination du grand public, enfants et adultes, mais aussi des professionnels de la construction pour découvrir comment il est possible de passer d'un tas de terre à un mur puis à des édifices capables de durer des siècles et de résister aux intempéries. Dans ces vidéos, grâce à de nombreuses expériences ludiques et interactives, le spectateur comprendre comment et pourquoi il est possible de construire en terre. Ces vidéos guident le spectateur de la géologie à l'architecture vers la découverte du comportement étrange des constituants de la terre : le sable, l'eau et l'argil
is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and ... more is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author-deposited version published in: http://sam.ensam.eu Handle ID Abstract Although of interest for its low embodied energy content for construction, earth is usually not used for modern construction due to the expensive, artisanal and complicated process and the high variability of the raw material. The transfer of techniques dedicated to cement concrete could help the industri-alization of this material. The use of dispersant for an improved dispersion of the earth powder has been investigated for both dispersion of earth fine fraction and water (here named the binding phase) and mortar made with calibrated sand. An improvement of the rheology is observed with lower viscosity and yield stress. This leads to a very small improvement of the density however concomitant with a marked increase of the mechanical properties,...
In order to pour an earthen material in a liquid state, as a concrete, technologies used by concr... more In order to pour an earthen material in a liquid state, as a concrete, technologies used by concrete and ceramic industries can be transferred to the field of earthen construction. Two different methods should be employed simultaneously. The first relates to theories of grain packing that have led to models of Apollonian packing and spaced packing, commonly used for the development of cement concrete (ultra high performance concrete and self-leveling concrete). It concerns the optimization of the granular skeleton of natural materials. The second relates to the dispersion of the colloidal fraction of earthen materials. In natural soils, clays are organized as porous aggregates composed of several tens of particles. These aggregates trap water that is not used to liquefy the mixture. The dispersion of these aggregates, releasing this interstitial water, liquefies the earthen material without adding water. This dispersion is obtained by adding a small proportion (on the order of a few...
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 20, 2012
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific r... more HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2008
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific r... more HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 11, 2016
The C2D2-Environmental-Clay-based Concrete research program, funded by the French Ministry of Eco... more The C2D2-Environmental-Clay-based Concrete research program, funded by the French Ministry of Ecology for three years, brought together eight partners: research laboratories, material producers, constructors, technical center and educational experimentation center. The challenge was to propose innovative solutions to transform raw earth, a complex and highly variable raw material, into genuine environmental clay-based concretes whose implementation and final properties are controlled. Research has focused on cement concrete and industrial ceramics technology transfer towards a clay-based concrete: the control of granulometry, the use of dispersants and superplasticizers, coagulation techniques to harden the material and enable a rapid removal of the formwork. Exciting developments have been made, like the understanding of the impact of dispersants on the microstructure and final properties of the material. The economic partners had the ambition to commercialize innovative products. A fluid clay-based concrete was formulated from argilo-calcareous fines derived from aggregate washing; an abundant resource so far unused. This clay-based concrete was recently implemented on two construction sites, produced in a batching plant, transported in a mixer truck, poured and vibrated like a cement concrete. This is one of the pioneer experiences in France for an earth-based concrete.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Apr 22, 2012
Although earth has been used for construction for millennia and is still one of the most widely u... more Although earth has been used for construction for millennia and is still one of the most widely used building materials in the world, it is still difficult to find reliable values for the hygro-thermal and mechanical properties of earthen materials. Only little scientific research has been conducted on this material compared to the huge literature available concerning cementitious materials. Considering the literature available on earthen materials, a majority of studies deal with cement or lime stabilized earth for compressed earth blocks or rammed earth, and less has been done about natural unstabilized earth. The only existing comprehensive overview on the hydro-thermal and mechanical properties of earthen materials was authored by CRAterre-ENSAG and published 25 years ago. Now, for the second time in its thirty years of existence, CRAterre-ENSAG has undertaken the task of reactualizing this synthetic knowledge by writing a comprehensive review of the existing literature on the subject, thanks to the CRAterre laboratory documentation centre, which is the most complete source of information on earthen construction and architecture in the world (more than 20.000 references). In the present work, we intend to compile the most reliable experimental data on the hygro-thermal and mechanical properties of natural earth. We will inventory the performances determined by several research teams for rammed earth, compressed earth blocks, adobe, cob and mortar. We will discuss the reliability of the experimental techniques used. We will provide an overview on the state of knowledge concerning the different properties as well as on the lacking data. Finally, this literature review will also give some orientations for further scientific research.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 11, 2016
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 11, 2016
HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific re... more HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Materials and Structures, Mar 22, 2015
Although of interest for its low embodied energy content for construction, earth is usually not u... more Although of interest for its low embodied energy content for construction, earth is usually not used for modern construction due to the expensive, artisanal and complicated process and the high variability of the raw material. The transfer of techniques dedicated to cement concrete could help the industrialization of this material. The use of dispersant for an improved dispersion of the earth powder has been investigated for both dispersion of earth fine fraction and water (here named the binding phase) and mortar made with calibrated sand. An improvement of the rheology is observed with lower viscosity and yield stress. This leads to a very small improvement of the density however concomitant with a marked increase of the mechanical properties, Young modulus and compressive strength. The analysis of the microstructure of the mortar shows an increase of the largest pores, and a decrease of the clay platelets flocs. The evolutions of these properties are analyzed in terms of the Rumpf model at two different scales. The dispersant mainly acts on the platelet arrangement that defines the forces between particles, but also simultaneously decreases the permeability of this binding phase, therefore entrapping more air during the mixing of the powder and water. Clearly the use of a dispersant may be of interest for the processing of earth material on liquid state, decreasing the viscosity and/or allowing the reduction of the water content, and finally improving strength.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Apr 22, 2012
In order to pour an earthen material in a liquid state, as a concrete, technologies used by concr... more In order to pour an earthen material in a liquid state, as a concrete, technologies used by concrete and ceramic industries can be transferred to the field of earthen construction. Two different methods should be employed simultaneously. The first relates to theories of grain packing that have led to models of Apollonian packing and spaced packing, commonly used for the development of cement concrete (ultra high performance concrete and self-leveling concrete). It concerns the optimization of the granular skeleton of natural materials. The second relates to the dispersion of the colloidal fraction of earthen materials. In natural soils, clays are organized as porous aggregates composed of several tens of particles. These aggregates trap water that is not used to liquefy the mixture. The dispersion of these aggregates, releasing this interstitial water, liquefies the earthen material without adding water. This dispersion is obtained by adding a small proportion (on the order of a few tenths of a percent by mass relative to the dry material) of deflocculating agents such as those commonly used for the development of industrial ceramics. The combined action of these two methods leads to a solid material that does not crack while drying, and can easily be implemented at a viscosity comparable to that of vibrated concrete with the same tools than those employed by the concrete industry (cement mixer, shuttering, vibrating needle). This new technique is particularly suited for the implementation of slabs and other horizontal surfaces, and also for vertical walls.
Le langage de la matière
International audienceLa terre, dans son expression matérielle la plus simple et la plus pure, re... more International audienceLa terre, dans son expression matérielle la plus simple et la plus pure, recèle un potentiel émotionnel extrêmement puissant. L’émerveillement face à cette matière est à l’origine du collectif d’artistes Colectivo Terrón et de l’atelier pédagogique et scientifique de découverte de la matière terre « Grains de Bâtisseurs », qui ensuite a donné naissance à amàco. C’est cette émotion qui a amené aux fondateurs de ces deux entités à approfondir leur connaissance du comportement de cette matière granulaire et à rechercher ses possibilités expressives.Conférences scientifiques expérimentales, ateliers créatifs expérimentaux, ateliers de découverte et spectacles ont comme objectif de transformer le regard du grand public sur cette matière pauvre, ordinaire, banale, oubliée et le plus souvent ignorée.Il s’agit de rendre accessible la matière, de faire découvrir les multiples potentialités expressives de la terre par une approche et une pratique artistiques. A travers u...
Architecture en recherche 13 Articles 15 Les figures architecturales par Rémi ROUYER 25 La (Re)co... more Architecture en recherche 13 Articles 15 Les figures architecturales par Rémi ROUYER 25 La (Re)construction du lieu: Le cas de l'architecture de Turgut Cansever par Arbil OTKUNC 35 Geste architectural et objets ambiants : science anexacte engagée par Philippe LIVENEAU 49 Parcours de chercheur et cheminement thématique. D'une instrumentation génétique à une matérialité numérique par Philippe MARIN 59 « Vous avez un parcours atypique » par Arnaud HOLLARD 69 Après la thèse de doctorat… par Frédéric MORVAN BECKER 77 De grains de bâtisseurs à l'atelier matières à construire par Laetitia FONTAINE et Romain ANGER 93 Le végétal, une matière proxémique pour l'architecture. Retour sur un doctorat en urbanisme et architecture réalisé par une paysagiste par Magali PARIS 103 Architecture et vidéo, entre recherche, enseignement et création par Anne FAURE 113 Recherche, art et pratique : rencontres dans l'urbain et le sonore par Ricardo ATIENZA 121 La question du patrimoine urb...
USOS Cultural PARTICULARIDADES Piso del primer patio de canto rodado Cielos rasos y aleros de bar... more USOS Cultural PARTICULARIDADES Piso del primer patio de canto rodado Cielos rasos y aleros de barro CASA AZUL GRAN COLOMBIA 10-29 Y PADRE AGUIRRE VALOR PATRIMONIAL Var (B) SISTEMA ESTRUCTURAL Muros portantes de adobe Estructura de madera USOS Comercial, oficinas PARTICULARIDADES Alero curvo (entaquillado de carrizo horizontal, amarres de cabuya y clavos de hierro forjado) Carpintería azul añil (tradicional colocación con azul de metileno, eficaz mata polillas) Casa Azul (AR) Casa de Las Posadas (UA) CASA DEL COCO CALLES SIMÓN BOLÍVAR 12-60 Y JUAN MONTALVO VALOR PATRIMONIAL Var (A) SISTEMA ESTRUCTURAL Muros portantes de adobe Estructura de madera USO Cultural PARTICULARIDAD Dinteles decorados con altorrelieves en yeso, cal o ladrillo PASAJE MATA CALLES SIMÓN BOLÍVAR 8-28 Y LUIS CORDERO VALOR PATRIMONIAL Var (A) SISTEMA ESTRUCTURAL Muros portantes de adobe Estructura de madera USO Cultural PARTICULARIDADES Vidrios importados de Bélgica; balaústres y latón policromado para cielos rasos de Francia
Grains de bâtisseurs
Ces 55 videos ont pour but de presenter pourquoi il est possible de bâtir en terre. Les Ateliers ... more Ces 55 videos ont pour but de presenter pourquoi il est possible de bâtir en terre. Les Ateliers de Grains de Bâtisseurs sont de petites experiences scientifiques, simples, ludiques voire spectaculaires a destination du grand public, enfants et adultes, mais aussi des professionnels de la construction pour decouvrir comment il est possible de passer d'un tas de terre a un mur puis a des edifices capables de durer des siecles et de resister aux intemperies. Dans ces videos, grâce a de nombreuses experiences ludiques et interactives, le spectateur comprendre comment et pourquoi il est possible de construire en terre. Ces videos guident le spectateur de la geologie a l'architecture vers la decouverte du comportement etrange des constituants de la terre : le sable, l'eau et l'argile
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 11, 2016
The C2D2-Environmental-Clay-based Concrete research program, funded by the French Ministry of Eco... more The C2D2-Environmental-Clay-based Concrete research program, funded by the French Ministry of Ecology for three years, brought together eight partners: research laboratories, material producers, constructors, technical center and educational experimentation center. The challenge was to propose innovative solutions to transform raw earth, a complex and highly variable raw material, into genuine environmental clay-based concretes whose implementation and final properties are controlled. Research has focused on cement concrete and industrial ceramics technology transfer towards a clay-based concrete: the control of granulometry, the use of dispersants and superplasticizers, coagulation techniques to harden the material and enable a rapid removal of the formwork. Exciting developments have been made, like the understanding of the impact of dispersants on the microstructure and final properties of the material. The economic partners had the ambition to commercialize innovative products. A fluid clay-based concrete was formulated from argilo-calcareous fines derived from aggregate washing; an abundant resource so far unused. This clay-based concrete was recently implemented on two construction sites, produced in a batching plant, transported in a mixer truck, poured and vibrated like a cement concrete. This is one of the pioneer experiences in France for an earth-based concrete.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2017
Cette publication a été élaborée sur la base des résultats du projet PaTerre+ réalisé par CRAterr... more Cette publication a été élaborée sur la base des résultats du projet PaTerre+ réalisé par CRAterre-ENSAG en collaboration avec le LRMH dans le cadre du
Construire en terre, une autre voie pour loger la planète
Construire localement avec le materiau terre pourrait-etre une reponse aux besoins de constructio... more Construire localement avec le materiau terre pourrait-etre une reponse aux besoins de construction de la population mondiale. Disponible en de nombreux endroits de la planete, la terre crue est en phase avec les grands enjeux contemporains : ecologiques, culturels, sociaux et economiques. Ce materiau " pret a construire " favorise le developpement local en mettant en valeur la culture et les savoirs locaux tout en etant createur d'emplois et de richesses. Une voie a reconsiderer serieusement
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 11, 2016
HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific re... more HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Grains de bâtisseurs
55 vidéos pédagogiquesCes 55 vidéos ont pour but de présenter pourquoi il est possible de bâtir e... more 55 vidéos pédagogiquesCes 55 vidéos ont pour but de présenter pourquoi il est possible de bâtir en terre. Les Ateliers de Grains de Bâtisseurs sont de petites expériences scientifiques, simples, ludiques voire spectaculaires à destination du grand public, enfants et adultes, mais aussi des professionnels de la construction pour découvrir comment il est possible de passer d'un tas de terre à un mur puis à des édifices capables de durer des siècles et de résister aux intempéries. Dans ces vidéos, grâce à de nombreuses expériences ludiques et interactives, le spectateur comprendre comment et pourquoi il est possible de construire en terre. Ces vidéos guident le spectateur de la géologie à l'architecture vers la découverte du comportement étrange des constituants de la terre : le sable, l'eau et l'argil
is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and ... more is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author-deposited version published in: http://sam.ensam.eu Handle ID Abstract Although of interest for its low embodied energy content for construction, earth is usually not used for modern construction due to the expensive, artisanal and complicated process and the high variability of the raw material. The transfer of techniques dedicated to cement concrete could help the industri-alization of this material. The use of dispersant for an improved dispersion of the earth powder has been investigated for both dispersion of earth fine fraction and water (here named the binding phase) and mortar made with calibrated sand. An improvement of the rheology is observed with lower viscosity and yield stress. This leads to a very small improvement of the density however concomitant with a marked increase of the mechanical properties,...
In order to pour an earthen material in a liquid state, as a concrete, technologies used by concr... more In order to pour an earthen material in a liquid state, as a concrete, technologies used by concrete and ceramic industries can be transferred to the field of earthen construction. Two different methods should be employed simultaneously. The first relates to theories of grain packing that have led to models of Apollonian packing and spaced packing, commonly used for the development of cement concrete (ultra high performance concrete and self-leveling concrete). It concerns the optimization of the granular skeleton of natural materials. The second relates to the dispersion of the colloidal fraction of earthen materials. In natural soils, clays are organized as porous aggregates composed of several tens of particles. These aggregates trap water that is not used to liquefy the mixture. The dispersion of these aggregates, releasing this interstitial water, liquefies the earthen material without adding water. This dispersion is obtained by adding a small proportion (on the order of a few...