Laid bouchaala - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Laid bouchaala

Deleted Journal, Oct 10, 2022

Research Square (Research Square), Mar 12, 2024

The present study was conducted to determine the microbiological characteristics of sewage sludge... more The present study was conducted to determine the microbiological characteristics of sewage sludge from ve waste-water treatment plants (WWTPs) in eastern Algeria and to assess the e ciency of drying beds in lowering the microbial load in this sludge, which is typically used in agricultural elds. We chose the ve most signi cant waste-water treatment facilities in Algeria's Eastern area to carry out this study. Where we have counted harmful microorganisms (Salmonella, Clostridium), and examined parasites. Total coliforms, fecal "E. coli" and fecal streptococci were used as indicators of fecal contamination. The obtained results indicate that the examined sewage sludge is a rich source of microorganisms, particularly bacteria of fecal origin, especially during the months of high temperature (Spring, Summer), and moor particular in the sludge of medium age (more than 1 month). As a result, we have reported a signi cant presence of anaerobic sulfate-reducingria (ASR), Salmonella spp., and E. coli. We also observed that this sludge included parasites, ranging from protozoa to helminth eggs. We may draw the conclusion that even if the microbiological load in the sewage sludge signi cantly decreased after treatment in the drying beds, the hazards associated with the spread of this sludge must be managed by adherence to a set of exact guidelines. This study allowed us to determine the microbiological properties of sewage sludge, through which we can reduce the risks or de nitively eliminated, which allows the possibility of valued them in the agricultural sector by avoiding all possible environmental risks and even on health public.

The Algerian Numidia (North-East of Algeria) is composed of twenty freshwater bodies, most of whi... more The Algerian Numidia (North-East of Algeria) is composed of twenty freshwater bodies, most of which are marshy and enclosed in forested areas, some of them such as (Lake Tonga, Garaet Hadj-Tahar ....) have a legal protection (Ramsar site). They are rich in aquatic herbarium and attract a wide variety of aquatic birds. They have also the ability to store and restore progressively large amounts of water and allow the supply of groundwater and surface water.The ecological balance of these aquatic ecosystems is threatened by the impact of several factors such as unfavorable climatic changes and anthropogenic impact. In fact, discharges of domestic wastewater, directly, and without any prior treatment in certain water bodies, are the main causes of the ecological imbalance, which have adverse consequences on the environmental, agricultural, economic and health levels.In order to make an assessment of the bacteriological and physicochemical quality of the water of these hydrosystems, we have chosen 6 marshes of this complex:

Avian Biology Research, May 1, 2017

As rare and threatened species, ecological information about common waterbirds is needed to asses... more As rare and threatened species, ecological information about common waterbirds is needed to assess priorities for wetland management. In this study, we attempt to provide information about the spatial ecology and wintering behaviour of one of the most common species of the coastal Mediterranean wetland complex of northeastern Algeria, the Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope. Over the three winters of the study the maximum number of recorded Eurasian Wigeon across all sites rose from 1,096 in 2010/11 to 1,397 in 2012/13. This represents a 27% increase over three years in the Guerbes-Sanhadja region. Among these wetland complex sites abundance varied markedly during the three wintering periods of study, being highest in Garaet Hadj-Tahar and Garaet Beni Mhamed (ranging from 300-700 individuals), and lowest in the remaining sites, which never exceeded 150 individuals. Bird abundance often peaked in January of each year and decreased as winter progressed. Wigeon have similar patterns of migration phenology among years at Garaet Hadj-Tahar and Garaet Beni Mhamed. At the remaining sites, they exhibited a different pattern. The multiple regression analysis for all seasons showed a marginally significant correlation between Wigeon abundance changes and three environmental variables of the wetland complex exclusively in the spring seasons (depth, vegetation and temporariness). A roosting area is identified as a functional role of the Guerbes-Sanhadja wetland complex for this anatid, since they spent all of the daytime sleeping, swimming (ranged from 30 to 40%), and resting (from 15 to 25%) in all winters. Despite their semi-permanent and unprotected status (apart from only three sites), these patched wetlands provide suitable conditions for this sensitive species, and therefore should receive the attention of wetland management.

Ecologia mediterranea, 2019

Marbled duck, also called Marbled Teal, Marmaronetta angustirostris, is classified as “ vulnerabl... more Marbled duck, also called Marbled Teal, Marmaronetta angustirostris, is classified as “ vulnerable” on the red list of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. It has this status in Algeria and throughout the western Palearctic. During three consecutive winter seasons (from August to November) of 2012, 2013 and 2014, Marbled duck numbers were less important than other duck species wintering in Gareat Hadj Tahar (wetland complex of Guerbes-Sanhadja north east of Algeria). The highest number of 38 individuals was observed during the second fortnight of September 2014. This number represents a record for all Algerian north eastern coastal wetlands. The marbled duck shows a gregarious behavior and concentrates in a single group which is easily observed in the center of water body. Diurnal behavior shows that feeding dominates daytime activities with 34.97% of the time. This activity is followed by sleeping (30.18%), swimming (19.47%), feather maintenance (9.28%) and finally flying (6.01%).

International Journal of Environmental Studies, Feb 14, 2017

This paper reports the biomonitoring of metallic pollution in the mine of Sidi Kamber Skikda town... more This paper reports the biomonitoring of metallic pollution in the mine of Sidi Kamber Skikda town, to determine the resistance and/ or tolerance to Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu in metalliferous plants. During the period of March-May, 2015, soil and plants samples were collected from three different stations in the study area. The total heavy metal fraction was determined by ICP/MS, whereas biochemical markers were determined by spectrophotometric techniques. The results obtained showed high levels of heavy metals in soil and plants compared to international standards. The translocation factor revealed that the studied plants can transfer and/or accumulate metals in their roots or their aerial parts as a function of characteristics of each metal, soil contents and physiological role in the plant. The contents of chlorophyll, proline, total sugars and total proteins are directly influenced by changes in bioavailable contents of heavy metals. It has been found that the plants studied and biomarkers are better suited for phytoremediation and biomonitoring of heavy metals pollution.

Algerian Journal of Arid Environment “AJAE”, Jun 15, 2017

Abstract.-This study aims to the collect and analysis of statistical and scientific data on water... more Abstract.-This study aims to the collect and analysis of statistical and scientific data on water resources in Algeria, particularly in the field of wastewater treatment and reuse. Consequently, many investigations were carried out during the period from October 2014 to February 2015, through the collection of data from the Ministry of Water Resources (MRE), the National Office of Sanitation (ONA), Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) and Wastewater Treatment Plants (SL). The obtained results show that the water potential, including surface water and groundwater, amounts to 18 billion m3, but they remain very low compared to the growing demand of the population. As for treatment and treatment plants, a remarkable increase has been observed in recent years, in 2015, 200 STEP and 350 pumping stations were registered. The annual volume of wastewater generated by the Algerian population is 927 million m3 / year, of which 700 million m3 / year were treated by ONA and reused by industrial activities (3.1 million m3 / year) and Irrigation (3.4 million m3 / year). In 2014, 108 STEP in operation, of which 60 LS were registered by ONA, and 97 dams for storage of 9.1 billion m3 of water were registered by MRE.

Algerian journal of arid environment, Jun 1, 2017

Abstract.-This study aims to the collect and analysis of statistical and scientific data on water... more Abstract.-This study aims to the collect and analysis of statistical and scientific data on water resources in Algeria, particularly in the field of wastewater treatment and reuse. Consequently, many investigations were carried out during the period from October 2014 to February 2015, through the collection of data from the Ministry of Water Resources (MRE), the National Office of Sanitation (ONA), Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) and Wastewater Treatment Plants (SL). The obtained results show that the water potential, including surface water and groundwater, amounts to 18 billion m3, but they remain very low compared to the growing demand of the population. As for treatment and treatment plants, a remarkable increase has been observed in recent years, in 2015, 200 STEP and 350 pumping stations were registered. The annual volume of wastewater generated by the Algerian population is 927 million m3 / year, of which 700 million m3 / year were treated by ONA and reused by industrial activities (3.1 million m3 / year) and Irrigation (3.4 million m3 / year). In 2014, 108 STEP in operation, of which 60 LS were registered by ONA, and 97 dams for storage of 9.1 billion m3 of water were registered by MRE.

Mining activities produce large quantities of wastes which are highly contaminated with heavy met... more Mining activities produce large quantities of wastes which are highly contaminated with heavy metals. This can cause adverse effects on natural ecosystems, particularly on living organisms. The study reported here concerned the biomonitoring of pollution in the Sidi Kamber mining area, through the determination of various physiological mechanisms (bioaccumulation and translocation) and biochemical markers (chlorophyll (a) and (b), proline, total sugars and total proteins) active in resistance to heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) contamination, using three plant species Cistus monspeliensis, Rumex bucephalophorus and Verbascum sinuatum as bioindicators. During the period of March-May 2015, soil and plant samples were collected from three different stations on and around the mine spoils and away from the mine in the study area. Soil and plant samples were systematically taken along a transect from the slope in the mining area, which included several extraction sites, depending on the altitude, biodiversity and distance from the mine. The total heavy metal fraction was determined by ICP-MS (Agilent, 7700X), whereas biochemical markers were determined by spectrophotometric techniques using a spectrophotometer (Agilent, Cary 60) using the following methods: Photosynthetic pigments determination (Lichtenthaler, 1987), Proline determination (Monneveux and Nemmar, 1986), Total proteins determination (Bradford, 1976) and Total sugars determination (Dubois et al., 1956). In addition, the translocation of heavy metals in different parts of the studied plants was measured by the calculation of the translocation factor (TF) according to the following formula: TF= Metal in leaves/Metal in roots. The results revealed total contents of Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu higher than the regulatory limits of the European Union (EU-richtlinie 91/692/eWG.aBI eG. 31. dec. 1991 nr. l377. p.38). In addition, the bioavailable contents in plant tissues were found to be above normal values reported by Pugh et al., (2002) and Kabata-Pendias (2007), indicating that they may show signs of phyto-toxicity and therefore high soil pollution in this mining area. It was found that the studied plants are suitable for biomonitoring and phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals (HM). Nevertheless, despite these high HM levels, it appears that the plant species are not hyper-accumulators. The HM contents in the plants studied vary according to the plant species, the total metal content in the soil, and the bioavailability of metal as a function of soil physicochemical properties in the following order of abundance: Zn ≤ Pb ≤ Cd ≤ Cu. It has also been found that C. monspeliensis accumulates more HM compared to Cistus monspeliensis, and Verbascum sinuatum. The TF of heavy metals Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu to the aerial parts of the plants proves to be a crucial indicator in the process of resistance to Zn and Pb. It has been found that Cistus monspeliensis, Rumex bucephalophorus and Verbascum sinuatum are better suited for the phyto-extraction of Cd and Cu and phytovolatilization of Zn and Pb. In the case of Cu and Cd, a tendency to accumulate HM in roots and the ability to use plants in phyto-stabilization was also observed. The strategies of resistance of Cistus monspeliensis, Rumex bucephalophorus, and Verbascum sinuatum rely in large part on the action of biological molecules: chlorophyll, proteins, proline and total sugars as ligands for the disposal, accumulation or detoxification of HM pollution in different parts of plants. Obtained data showed also positive correlations (synergies) between Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu in plant tissues, which can be attributed to their common geochemical origin, similar behaviour and the human activities that introduce them into the medium. Negative correlations between Cu and Zn are attributed to antagonism and competition for active cell sites.

The ecological importance of soil bacteria is not limited to their number or biomass, although th... more The ecological importance of soil bacteria is not limited to their number or biomass, although these parameters contribute greatly. Indeed, their main asset lies in their great genetic and functional diversity. In this study carried out in the abandoned mine, located in Sidi Kamber (Oum Toub, Skikda, North-Est of Algeria) our objectives was to determine: a) contamination levels of this area by heavy metals b) heavy metal impact on bacterial communities and diversity c) possible risk on the ecological integrity of this area. Soil samples from three zones (Zone A upstream, Zone B at the center of the mine and Zone C downstream) were collected from the top layer (0-20 cm) of mining area. These samples were air-dried at room temperature and sieved through 2 mm mesh before further analysis according to standard methods. Soil pH was measured in a sample suspended in double-distilled water (at a sample: water ratio 1:2.5) with a pH meter, organic matter (OM%) and carbon content (C%) were determined using Walkey-Black method. Total nitrogen (TN) was measured using the Kjeldahl method, available phosphorus (P) was determined by Olsen method and cation exchange capacity (CEC) by titration method with H 2 SO 4 For contents of the heavy metals Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd) and Nickel (Ni) 1 g of soil was digested with aqua regia method then filtered and diluted with de-ionized water. Heavy metals concentration (Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn and Ni) were determined by ICP-MS. Bacterial load (bacterial biomass) was estimated using plates counting methods. Individual distinct colonies were identified by their morphological and biochemical characteristics. Edaphic parameters of soils samples show that; the overall area was characterized by an acid pH, rates of OM%, C% were relatively low and TN contents were relatively high, resulting a low C/N ratio. The CEC was uniformly high, the content of available P was low. A Comparison of these edaphic parameters of the three sampling zones showed no significant variation for the pH values. However, zone A is characterized by the lowest values of C%, TN, OM%, CEC, C/N and the highest content of available P. Generally heavy metals contents were highest in zones B and C. The overall area was severely polluted with Cu, Cd,

Eurasian journal of soil science, Jul 1, 2020

The ecological importance of soil bacteria is not limited to their number or biomass, although th... more The ecological importance of soil bacteria is not limited to their number or biomass, although these parameters contribute greatly. Indeed, their main asset lies in their great genetic and functional diversity.This study aims to determine heavy metal contamination levels of the soils of an abandoned mining area of Sidi Kamber (Skikda), impact of heavy metals on bacterial communities and the possible risks that can affect the ecological balance of this area. Soil samples from three zones (Zone A, B and C) were collected from the top layer (0-20 cm) of mining area. Chemical analysis (pH, organic matter, total organic C, total N, available P, and cation exchange capacity, metal content of (Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn and Ni) and bacterial analysis were carried in center for biotechnology research CRBt. Our results show that the mining area is characterized by an acid pH. Significant variations were observed for edaphic parameters (organic matter, total organic C, total N, available P and cation exchange capacity) between three sampling zones. The overall area was severely polluted with Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn with a total concentration far exceeding international standards. The bacterial load and diversity were relatively high with a significant variation between the three zones. The PCA analysis of the soil's characteristics indicates that the organic matter and the cation exchange capacity affect the distribution of the metallic trace elements in the soil and allowed us thus to a clear separation of the studied zones.

International Journal of Environmental Studies, Sep 26, 2018

The paper reports the biomonitoring of metallic pollution generated by Jijel city and the port of... more The paper reports the biomonitoring of metallic pollution generated by Jijel city and the port of Bouddis on the coast of Jijel (Algeria) using algological species algae [C. officinalis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Ulva lactuca (Linnaeus, 1753)] as bioindicators and biomarkers, which indicated heavy metal concentrations well above international standards (USEPA) and (IAEA-392), indicating unexpected levels of metals in seawater. The bioconcentration factor calculation has shown that these algae are excluders of Cr, accumulators of (Cu, Cd and Pb) and hyperaccumulators of Zn. These algae show different responses to toxic metals, depending on station, sampling period, age and phenological stage of specimens. These algae are suitable for use in biomonitoring for metallic pollution in coastal areas by expressing a specific range of biomarkers (MTs, GST, APX, CAT, carbonyls proteins and MDA).

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017

During three seasons of study of wintering Teal Anas crecca crecca at Garaet Hadj Tahar (wetlands... more During three seasons of study of wintering Teal Anas crecca crecca at Garaet Hadj Tahar (wetlands Complex of Guerbes-Sanhadja, Algeria), it was found that Teal began to colonize the lake at the end of August to remain there until mid-March each year. The maximum number is usually registered during the mid-winter season, between the months of December and January, where we record 506 individuals. Monitoring of Teal diurnal behaviors during this study (294 hours of observation), highlights the role of daytime delivery of this lake that the total balance sheet is dominated by the sleeping activity with 40%. Swimming activity come second with 28.8% of daytime delivery, followed by feeding activity which holds 13.8%, and by preening (plumage cleaning), with 12.7% and finally the flight with 4.7%. Multivariate treatment of these data shows that the wintering season is divided into three characteristic periods: the beginning of wintering season; characterized by the observation of position...

Cellular and Molecular Biology, Aug 31, 2022

Cellular and Molecular Biology, Aug 31, 2022

Ecologia mediterranea, 2019

Marbled duck, also called Marbled Teal, Marmaronetta angustirostris, is classified as “ vulnerabl... more Marbled duck, also called Marbled Teal, Marmaronetta angustirostris, is classified as “ vulnerable” on the red list of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. It has this status in Algeria and throughout the western Palearctic. During three consecutive winter seasons (from August to November) of 2012, 2013 and 2014, Marbled duck numbers were less important than other duck species wintering in Gareat Hadj Tahar (wetland complex of Guerbes-Sanhadja north east of Algeria). The highest number of 38 individuals was observed during the second fortnight of September 2014. This number represents a record for all Algerian north eastern coastal wetlands. The marbled duck shows a gregarious behavior and concentrates in a single group which is easily observed in the center of water body. Diurnal behavior shows that feeding dominates daytime activities with 34.97% of the time. This activity is followed by sleeping (30.18%), swimming (19.47%), feather maintenance (9.28%) and finally flying (6.01%).Charchar Nabil, Bouchaâla Laid, Houhamdi Moussa. Phenology and diurnal behavior of marbled duck Marmaronetta angustirostris in the eco-complex of wetlands of Guerbes Sahhadja North-east of Algeria. In: Ecologia mediterranea, tome 45 n°2, 2019. pp. 35-43

Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 2021

In this study, we present the evaluation of wastewater biological treatment by WWTPs (wastewater ... more In this study, we present the evaluation of wastewater biological treatment by WWTPs (wastewater treatment plants) and LTPs (lagoon-based treatment plants) in Algeria using the results of analyzes of the samples of 108 stations, this work falls within the framework of a survey carried out by the research center in biotechnology (CRBt) in collaboration with ONA (National office of sanitation), and it reflects our interest in preserving the environment, in particular aquatic ecosystems, and determining the different sources of pollution and the most effective methods to cope with and for those that are well managed. The analyzes concerned various parameters of 108 stations. Temperature and pH were measured directly, in situ, using multi-parameter field probes. For the other parameters (MS, BOD5, COD, NO3, NO2, NH4, TP) the measurements were carried out in the laboratory according to standard and spectrophotometric methods. As well as through the reports of our field visits to the stat...

Deleted Journal, Oct 10, 2022

Research Square (Research Square), Mar 12, 2024

The present study was conducted to determine the microbiological characteristics of sewage sludge... more The present study was conducted to determine the microbiological characteristics of sewage sludge from ve waste-water treatment plants (WWTPs) in eastern Algeria and to assess the e ciency of drying beds in lowering the microbial load in this sludge, which is typically used in agricultural elds. We chose the ve most signi cant waste-water treatment facilities in Algeria's Eastern area to carry out this study. Where we have counted harmful microorganisms (Salmonella, Clostridium), and examined parasites. Total coliforms, fecal "E. coli" and fecal streptococci were used as indicators of fecal contamination. The obtained results indicate that the examined sewage sludge is a rich source of microorganisms, particularly bacteria of fecal origin, especially during the months of high temperature (Spring, Summer), and moor particular in the sludge of medium age (more than 1 month). As a result, we have reported a signi cant presence of anaerobic sulfate-reducingria (ASR), Salmonella spp., and E. coli. We also observed that this sludge included parasites, ranging from protozoa to helminth eggs. We may draw the conclusion that even if the microbiological load in the sewage sludge signi cantly decreased after treatment in the drying beds, the hazards associated with the spread of this sludge must be managed by adherence to a set of exact guidelines. This study allowed us to determine the microbiological properties of sewage sludge, through which we can reduce the risks or de nitively eliminated, which allows the possibility of valued them in the agricultural sector by avoiding all possible environmental risks and even on health public.

The Algerian Numidia (North-East of Algeria) is composed of twenty freshwater bodies, most of whi... more The Algerian Numidia (North-East of Algeria) is composed of twenty freshwater bodies, most of which are marshy and enclosed in forested areas, some of them such as (Lake Tonga, Garaet Hadj-Tahar ....) have a legal protection (Ramsar site). They are rich in aquatic herbarium and attract a wide variety of aquatic birds. They have also the ability to store and restore progressively large amounts of water and allow the supply of groundwater and surface water.The ecological balance of these aquatic ecosystems is threatened by the impact of several factors such as unfavorable climatic changes and anthropogenic impact. In fact, discharges of domestic wastewater, directly, and without any prior treatment in certain water bodies, are the main causes of the ecological imbalance, which have adverse consequences on the environmental, agricultural, economic and health levels.In order to make an assessment of the bacteriological and physicochemical quality of the water of these hydrosystems, we have chosen 6 marshes of this complex:

Avian Biology Research, May 1, 2017

As rare and threatened species, ecological information about common waterbirds is needed to asses... more As rare and threatened species, ecological information about common waterbirds is needed to assess priorities for wetland management. In this study, we attempt to provide information about the spatial ecology and wintering behaviour of one of the most common species of the coastal Mediterranean wetland complex of northeastern Algeria, the Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope. Over the three winters of the study the maximum number of recorded Eurasian Wigeon across all sites rose from 1,096 in 2010/11 to 1,397 in 2012/13. This represents a 27% increase over three years in the Guerbes-Sanhadja region. Among these wetland complex sites abundance varied markedly during the three wintering periods of study, being highest in Garaet Hadj-Tahar and Garaet Beni Mhamed (ranging from 300-700 individuals), and lowest in the remaining sites, which never exceeded 150 individuals. Bird abundance often peaked in January of each year and decreased as winter progressed. Wigeon have similar patterns of migration phenology among years at Garaet Hadj-Tahar and Garaet Beni Mhamed. At the remaining sites, they exhibited a different pattern. The multiple regression analysis for all seasons showed a marginally significant correlation between Wigeon abundance changes and three environmental variables of the wetland complex exclusively in the spring seasons (depth, vegetation and temporariness). A roosting area is identified as a functional role of the Guerbes-Sanhadja wetland complex for this anatid, since they spent all of the daytime sleeping, swimming (ranged from 30 to 40%), and resting (from 15 to 25%) in all winters. Despite their semi-permanent and unprotected status (apart from only three sites), these patched wetlands provide suitable conditions for this sensitive species, and therefore should receive the attention of wetland management.

Ecologia mediterranea, 2019

Marbled duck, also called Marbled Teal, Marmaronetta angustirostris, is classified as “ vulnerabl... more Marbled duck, also called Marbled Teal, Marmaronetta angustirostris, is classified as “ vulnerable” on the red list of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. It has this status in Algeria and throughout the western Palearctic. During three consecutive winter seasons (from August to November) of 2012, 2013 and 2014, Marbled duck numbers were less important than other duck species wintering in Gareat Hadj Tahar (wetland complex of Guerbes-Sanhadja north east of Algeria). The highest number of 38 individuals was observed during the second fortnight of September 2014. This number represents a record for all Algerian north eastern coastal wetlands. The marbled duck shows a gregarious behavior and concentrates in a single group which is easily observed in the center of water body. Diurnal behavior shows that feeding dominates daytime activities with 34.97% of the time. This activity is followed by sleeping (30.18%), swimming (19.47%), feather maintenance (9.28%) and finally flying (6.01%).

International Journal of Environmental Studies, Feb 14, 2017

This paper reports the biomonitoring of metallic pollution in the mine of Sidi Kamber Skikda town... more This paper reports the biomonitoring of metallic pollution in the mine of Sidi Kamber Skikda town, to determine the resistance and/ or tolerance to Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu in metalliferous plants. During the period of March-May, 2015, soil and plants samples were collected from three different stations in the study area. The total heavy metal fraction was determined by ICP/MS, whereas biochemical markers were determined by spectrophotometric techniques. The results obtained showed high levels of heavy metals in soil and plants compared to international standards. The translocation factor revealed that the studied plants can transfer and/or accumulate metals in their roots or their aerial parts as a function of characteristics of each metal, soil contents and physiological role in the plant. The contents of chlorophyll, proline, total sugars and total proteins are directly influenced by changes in bioavailable contents of heavy metals. It has been found that the plants studied and biomarkers are better suited for phytoremediation and biomonitoring of heavy metals pollution.

Algerian Journal of Arid Environment “AJAE”, Jun 15, 2017

Abstract.-This study aims to the collect and analysis of statistical and scientific data on water... more Abstract.-This study aims to the collect and analysis of statistical and scientific data on water resources in Algeria, particularly in the field of wastewater treatment and reuse. Consequently, many investigations were carried out during the period from October 2014 to February 2015, through the collection of data from the Ministry of Water Resources (MRE), the National Office of Sanitation (ONA), Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) and Wastewater Treatment Plants (SL). The obtained results show that the water potential, including surface water and groundwater, amounts to 18 billion m3, but they remain very low compared to the growing demand of the population. As for treatment and treatment plants, a remarkable increase has been observed in recent years, in 2015, 200 STEP and 350 pumping stations were registered. The annual volume of wastewater generated by the Algerian population is 927 million m3 / year, of which 700 million m3 / year were treated by ONA and reused by industrial activities (3.1 million m3 / year) and Irrigation (3.4 million m3 / year). In 2014, 108 STEP in operation, of which 60 LS were registered by ONA, and 97 dams for storage of 9.1 billion m3 of water were registered by MRE.

Algerian journal of arid environment, Jun 1, 2017

Abstract.-This study aims to the collect and analysis of statistical and scientific data on water... more Abstract.-This study aims to the collect and analysis of statistical and scientific data on water resources in Algeria, particularly in the field of wastewater treatment and reuse. Consequently, many investigations were carried out during the period from October 2014 to February 2015, through the collection of data from the Ministry of Water Resources (MRE), the National Office of Sanitation (ONA), Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) and Wastewater Treatment Plants (SL). The obtained results show that the water potential, including surface water and groundwater, amounts to 18 billion m3, but they remain very low compared to the growing demand of the population. As for treatment and treatment plants, a remarkable increase has been observed in recent years, in 2015, 200 STEP and 350 pumping stations were registered. The annual volume of wastewater generated by the Algerian population is 927 million m3 / year, of which 700 million m3 / year were treated by ONA and reused by industrial activities (3.1 million m3 / year) and Irrigation (3.4 million m3 / year). In 2014, 108 STEP in operation, of which 60 LS were registered by ONA, and 97 dams for storage of 9.1 billion m3 of water were registered by MRE.

Mining activities produce large quantities of wastes which are highly contaminated with heavy met... more Mining activities produce large quantities of wastes which are highly contaminated with heavy metals. This can cause adverse effects on natural ecosystems, particularly on living organisms. The study reported here concerned the biomonitoring of pollution in the Sidi Kamber mining area, through the determination of various physiological mechanisms (bioaccumulation and translocation) and biochemical markers (chlorophyll (a) and (b), proline, total sugars and total proteins) active in resistance to heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) contamination, using three plant species Cistus monspeliensis, Rumex bucephalophorus and Verbascum sinuatum as bioindicators. During the period of March-May 2015, soil and plant samples were collected from three different stations on and around the mine spoils and away from the mine in the study area. Soil and plant samples were systematically taken along a transect from the slope in the mining area, which included several extraction sites, depending on the altitude, biodiversity and distance from the mine. The total heavy metal fraction was determined by ICP-MS (Agilent, 7700X), whereas biochemical markers were determined by spectrophotometric techniques using a spectrophotometer (Agilent, Cary 60) using the following methods: Photosynthetic pigments determination (Lichtenthaler, 1987), Proline determination (Monneveux and Nemmar, 1986), Total proteins determination (Bradford, 1976) and Total sugars determination (Dubois et al., 1956). In addition, the translocation of heavy metals in different parts of the studied plants was measured by the calculation of the translocation factor (TF) according to the following formula: TF= Metal in leaves/Metal in roots. The results revealed total contents of Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu higher than the regulatory limits of the European Union (EU-richtlinie 91/692/eWG.aBI eG. 31. dec. 1991 nr. l377. p.38). In addition, the bioavailable contents in plant tissues were found to be above normal values reported by Pugh et al., (2002) and Kabata-Pendias (2007), indicating that they may show signs of phyto-toxicity and therefore high soil pollution in this mining area. It was found that the studied plants are suitable for biomonitoring and phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals (HM). Nevertheless, despite these high HM levels, it appears that the plant species are not hyper-accumulators. The HM contents in the plants studied vary according to the plant species, the total metal content in the soil, and the bioavailability of metal as a function of soil physicochemical properties in the following order of abundance: Zn ≤ Pb ≤ Cd ≤ Cu. It has also been found that C. monspeliensis accumulates more HM compared to Cistus monspeliensis, and Verbascum sinuatum. The TF of heavy metals Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu to the aerial parts of the plants proves to be a crucial indicator in the process of resistance to Zn and Pb. It has been found that Cistus monspeliensis, Rumex bucephalophorus and Verbascum sinuatum are better suited for the phyto-extraction of Cd and Cu and phytovolatilization of Zn and Pb. In the case of Cu and Cd, a tendency to accumulate HM in roots and the ability to use plants in phyto-stabilization was also observed. The strategies of resistance of Cistus monspeliensis, Rumex bucephalophorus, and Verbascum sinuatum rely in large part on the action of biological molecules: chlorophyll, proteins, proline and total sugars as ligands for the disposal, accumulation or detoxification of HM pollution in different parts of plants. Obtained data showed also positive correlations (synergies) between Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu in plant tissues, which can be attributed to their common geochemical origin, similar behaviour and the human activities that introduce them into the medium. Negative correlations between Cu and Zn are attributed to antagonism and competition for active cell sites.

The ecological importance of soil bacteria is not limited to their number or biomass, although th... more The ecological importance of soil bacteria is not limited to their number or biomass, although these parameters contribute greatly. Indeed, their main asset lies in their great genetic and functional diversity. In this study carried out in the abandoned mine, located in Sidi Kamber (Oum Toub, Skikda, North-Est of Algeria) our objectives was to determine: a) contamination levels of this area by heavy metals b) heavy metal impact on bacterial communities and diversity c) possible risk on the ecological integrity of this area. Soil samples from three zones (Zone A upstream, Zone B at the center of the mine and Zone C downstream) were collected from the top layer (0-20 cm) of mining area. These samples were air-dried at room temperature and sieved through 2 mm mesh before further analysis according to standard methods. Soil pH was measured in a sample suspended in double-distilled water (at a sample: water ratio 1:2.5) with a pH meter, organic matter (OM%) and carbon content (C%) were determined using Walkey-Black method. Total nitrogen (TN) was measured using the Kjeldahl method, available phosphorus (P) was determined by Olsen method and cation exchange capacity (CEC) by titration method with H 2 SO 4 For contents of the heavy metals Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd) and Nickel (Ni) 1 g of soil was digested with aqua regia method then filtered and diluted with de-ionized water. Heavy metals concentration (Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn and Ni) were determined by ICP-MS. Bacterial load (bacterial biomass) was estimated using plates counting methods. Individual distinct colonies were identified by their morphological and biochemical characteristics. Edaphic parameters of soils samples show that; the overall area was characterized by an acid pH, rates of OM%, C% were relatively low and TN contents were relatively high, resulting a low C/N ratio. The CEC was uniformly high, the content of available P was low. A Comparison of these edaphic parameters of the three sampling zones showed no significant variation for the pH values. However, zone A is characterized by the lowest values of C%, TN, OM%, CEC, C/N and the highest content of available P. Generally heavy metals contents were highest in zones B and C. The overall area was severely polluted with Cu, Cd,

Eurasian journal of soil science, Jul 1, 2020

The ecological importance of soil bacteria is not limited to their number or biomass, although th... more The ecological importance of soil bacteria is not limited to their number or biomass, although these parameters contribute greatly. Indeed, their main asset lies in their great genetic and functional diversity.This study aims to determine heavy metal contamination levels of the soils of an abandoned mining area of Sidi Kamber (Skikda), impact of heavy metals on bacterial communities and the possible risks that can affect the ecological balance of this area. Soil samples from three zones (Zone A, B and C) were collected from the top layer (0-20 cm) of mining area. Chemical analysis (pH, organic matter, total organic C, total N, available P, and cation exchange capacity, metal content of (Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn and Ni) and bacterial analysis were carried in center for biotechnology research CRBt. Our results show that the mining area is characterized by an acid pH. Significant variations were observed for edaphic parameters (organic matter, total organic C, total N, available P and cation exchange capacity) between three sampling zones. The overall area was severely polluted with Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn with a total concentration far exceeding international standards. The bacterial load and diversity were relatively high with a significant variation between the three zones. The PCA analysis of the soil's characteristics indicates that the organic matter and the cation exchange capacity affect the distribution of the metallic trace elements in the soil and allowed us thus to a clear separation of the studied zones.

International Journal of Environmental Studies, Sep 26, 2018

The paper reports the biomonitoring of metallic pollution generated by Jijel city and the port of... more The paper reports the biomonitoring of metallic pollution generated by Jijel city and the port of Bouddis on the coast of Jijel (Algeria) using algological species algae [C. officinalis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Ulva lactuca (Linnaeus, 1753)] as bioindicators and biomarkers, which indicated heavy metal concentrations well above international standards (USEPA) and (IAEA-392), indicating unexpected levels of metals in seawater. The bioconcentration factor calculation has shown that these algae are excluders of Cr, accumulators of (Cu, Cd and Pb) and hyperaccumulators of Zn. These algae show different responses to toxic metals, depending on station, sampling period, age and phenological stage of specimens. These algae are suitable for use in biomonitoring for metallic pollution in coastal areas by expressing a specific range of biomarkers (MTs, GST, APX, CAT, carbonyls proteins and MDA).

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017

During three seasons of study of wintering Teal Anas crecca crecca at Garaet Hadj Tahar (wetlands... more During three seasons of study of wintering Teal Anas crecca crecca at Garaet Hadj Tahar (wetlands Complex of Guerbes-Sanhadja, Algeria), it was found that Teal began to colonize the lake at the end of August to remain there until mid-March each year. The maximum number is usually registered during the mid-winter season, between the months of December and January, where we record 506 individuals. Monitoring of Teal diurnal behaviors during this study (294 hours of observation), highlights the role of daytime delivery of this lake that the total balance sheet is dominated by the sleeping activity with 40%. Swimming activity come second with 28.8% of daytime delivery, followed by feeding activity which holds 13.8%, and by preening (plumage cleaning), with 12.7% and finally the flight with 4.7%. Multivariate treatment of these data shows that the wintering season is divided into three characteristic periods: the beginning of wintering season; characterized by the observation of position...

Cellular and Molecular Biology, Aug 31, 2022

Cellular and Molecular Biology, Aug 31, 2022

Ecologia mediterranea, 2019

Marbled duck, also called Marbled Teal, Marmaronetta angustirostris, is classified as “ vulnerabl... more Marbled duck, also called Marbled Teal, Marmaronetta angustirostris, is classified as “ vulnerable” on the red list of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. It has this status in Algeria and throughout the western Palearctic. During three consecutive winter seasons (from August to November) of 2012, 2013 and 2014, Marbled duck numbers were less important than other duck species wintering in Gareat Hadj Tahar (wetland complex of Guerbes-Sanhadja north east of Algeria). The highest number of 38 individuals was observed during the second fortnight of September 2014. This number represents a record for all Algerian north eastern coastal wetlands. The marbled duck shows a gregarious behavior and concentrates in a single group which is easily observed in the center of water body. Diurnal behavior shows that feeding dominates daytime activities with 34.97% of the time. This activity is followed by sleeping (30.18%), swimming (19.47%), feather maintenance (9.28%) and finally flying (6.01%).Charchar Nabil, Bouchaâla Laid, Houhamdi Moussa. Phenology and diurnal behavior of marbled duck Marmaronetta angustirostris in the eco-complex of wetlands of Guerbes Sahhadja North-east of Algeria. In: Ecologia mediterranea, tome 45 n°2, 2019. pp. 35-43

Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 2021

In this study, we present the evaluation of wastewater biological treatment by WWTPs (wastewater ... more In this study, we present the evaluation of wastewater biological treatment by WWTPs (wastewater treatment plants) and LTPs (lagoon-based treatment plants) in Algeria using the results of analyzes of the samples of 108 stations, this work falls within the framework of a survey carried out by the research center in biotechnology (CRBt) in collaboration with ONA (National office of sanitation), and it reflects our interest in preserving the environment, in particular aquatic ecosystems, and determining the different sources of pollution and the most effective methods to cope with and for those that are well managed. The analyzes concerned various parameters of 108 stations. Temperature and pH were measured directly, in situ, using multi-parameter field probes. For the other parameters (MS, BOD5, COD, NO3, NO2, NH4, TP) the measurements were carried out in the laboratory according to standard and spectrophotometric methods. As well as through the reports of our field visits to the stat...