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Research paper thumbnail of Social stigma concerns and HIV medication adherence

AIDS patient care and STDs, 2006

The threat of social stigma may prevent people living with HIV from revealing their status to oth... more The threat of social stigma may prevent people living with HIV from revealing their status to others and serve as a barrier to HIV treatment adherence. We evaluated the effect of such concerns on self-reported treatment adherence using a short, three-item measure among 204 people living with HIV. Overall, the mean age of participants was 40.1 years, 45% were African American, and 80% were male. People with high HIV stigma concerns were 2.5 times less likely to define and interpret the meaning of CD4 count correctly and 3.3 times more likely to be nonadherent to their medication regimen than those with low concerns. Concern over revealing HIV status was the only statistically significant, independent predictor of adherence in multivariate analysis. Clinical care directed to individuals living with HIV should therefore include considerations for patient sensitivity to social stigma, such as modifications to medication schedules and referrals for counseling prior to enrollment in antir...

Research paper thumbnail of Pragma-dialectics and self-advocacy in physician-patient interactions

This chapter first presents pragma-dialectics and the ideal model of critical discussion. One cas... more This chapter first presents pragma-dialectics and the ideal model of critical discussion. One case in which deliberative interactions might vary from the ideals of critical discussion is self-advocacy (Janoff-Bulman & Wade, 1996). Healthcare interactions are a particularly interesting context in which individuals might need to advocate for themselves. It is important to understand more fully how and why patients promote

Research paper thumbnail of Video Review: An Alternative to Coding Transcripts of Focus Groups

Communication Methods and Measures, 2009

... 19312450903378891 Marla L. Clayman a , Jennifer Webb a , Amanda Zick a , Kenzie A. Cameron a ... more ... 19312450903378891 Marla L. Clayman a , Jennifer Webb a , Amanda Zick a , Kenzie A. Cameron a , Lance Rintamaki b & Gregory Makoul c * ... as well as how medications, health risks, and screening tests are discussed in medical encounters (Bensing, Roter, & Hulsman, 20031 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Forms, Functions, and Foibles of Humor Used in AIDS Service Organizations

Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of The Forms and Functions of Peer Social Support for People Living With HIV

Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of The Persistence of Traumatic Memories in World War II Prisoners of War

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Social Activism, Self-Advocacy, and Coping with Hiv Illness

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 2002

Research paper thumbnail of Advancing the Extended Parallel Process Model Through the Inclusion of Response Cost Measures

Journal of Health Communication, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Literacy, Social Stigma, and HIV Medication Adherence

Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Using Theoretical Constructs to Identify Key Issues for Targeted Message Design: African American Seniors' Perceptions About Influenza and Influenza Vaccination

Health Communication, 2009

African American seniors (65 and older) are less likely to be vaccinated against influenza than a... more African American seniors (65 and older) are less likely to be vaccinated against influenza than are non-Hispanic White seniors. There is a clear need for targeted messages and interventions to address this disparity. As a first step, 6 focus groups of African American seniors (N = 48) were conducted to identify current perceptions about influenza and influenza vaccination. Emergent thematic categories were organized using the 4 main constructs of the extended parallel process model. Susceptibility varied based on perceptions of individual health status, background knowledge, and age-related risk. Some participants saw influenza as a minor nuisance; others viewed it as threatening and potentially deadly. Participants discussed issues related or antecedent to self-efficacy, including vaccine accessibility and affordability. Regarding response efficacy, some participants had confidence in the vaccine, some questioned its preventive ability or believed that the vaccine caused influenza, and others noted expected side effects. Implications and recommendations for message development are discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Remembering the Legacy of Dale E. Brashers and His Contributions to Health Communication

Health Communication, 2010

... [CrossRef], [PubMed] View all references; Martin, Stone, Scott, & ... Many other advi... more ... [CrossRef], [PubMed] View all references; Martin, Stone, Scott, & ... Many other advisees, includingKaren Sodowsky (Assistant Professor, Valdosta State University), Courtney Moriarty (Assistant Professor, College of Mount Saint Vincent), and Regine Rucker (Adjunct Professor ...

Research paper thumbnail of Social Stigma Concerns and HIV Medication Adherence

AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Male Patient Perceptions of HIV Stigma in Health Care Contexts

AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 2007

Individuals living with HIV may have a heightened sensitivity to the behaviors of others that may... more Individuals living with HIV may have a heightened sensitivity to the behaviors of others that may signal bias or discrimination. Identifying and avoiding these potentially problematic behaviors may be especially important for service providers, such as health care personnel, who regularly interact with HIV-positive clientele. This study examines the experiences of 50 male American military veterans living with HIV and their perceptions of HIV stigma within health care contexts. Participants described a variety of behaviors performed by health care personnel that they perceived to be indicative of HIV stigma, ranging from ambiguous nonverbal cues (e.g., minimal eye contact) to blatant discrimination (e.g., physical abuse of HIV-positive patients). These findings extend previous research on HIV stigma in health care settings by (1) focusing on health care personnel's actual behaviors rather than their attitudes and beliefs about HIV-positive patients, (2) including patients' perceptions regarding the behaviors of both clinical and nonclinical health care personnel, and (3) identifying behaviors patients perceive as stigmatizing that are unique to health care contexts. Combined, these findings provide health care personnel a tangible list of behaviors that should either be avoided or further explained to HIV-positive patients, as they may be interpreted as stigmatizing.

Research paper thumbnail of HIV in the Leather Community: Rates and Risk-Related Behaviors

Research paper thumbnail of Social stigma concerns and HIV medication adherence

AIDS patient care and STDs, 2006

The threat of social stigma may prevent people living with HIV from revealing their status to oth... more The threat of social stigma may prevent people living with HIV from revealing their status to others and serve as a barrier to HIV treatment adherence. We evaluated the effect of such concerns on self-reported treatment adherence using a short, three-item measure among 204 people living with HIV. Overall, the mean age of participants was 40.1 years, 45% were African American, and 80% were male. People with high HIV stigma concerns were 2.5 times less likely to define and interpret the meaning of CD4 count correctly and 3.3 times more likely to be nonadherent to their medication regimen than those with low concerns. Concern over revealing HIV status was the only statistically significant, independent predictor of adherence in multivariate analysis. Clinical care directed to individuals living with HIV should therefore include considerations for patient sensitivity to social stigma, such as modifications to medication schedules and referrals for counseling prior to enrollment in antir...

Research paper thumbnail of Pragma-dialectics and self-advocacy in physician-patient interactions

This chapter first presents pragma-dialectics and the ideal model of critical discussion. One cas... more This chapter first presents pragma-dialectics and the ideal model of critical discussion. One case in which deliberative interactions might vary from the ideals of critical discussion is self-advocacy (Janoff-Bulman & Wade, 1996). Healthcare interactions are a particularly interesting context in which individuals might need to advocate for themselves. It is important to understand more fully how and why patients promote

Research paper thumbnail of Video Review: An Alternative to Coding Transcripts of Focus Groups

Communication Methods and Measures, 2009

... 19312450903378891 Marla L. Clayman a , Jennifer Webb a , Amanda Zick a , Kenzie A. Cameron a ... more ... 19312450903378891 Marla L. Clayman a , Jennifer Webb a , Amanda Zick a , Kenzie A. Cameron a , Lance Rintamaki b & Gregory Makoul c * ... as well as how medications, health risks, and screening tests are discussed in medical encounters (Bensing, Roter, & Hulsman, 20031 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Forms, Functions, and Foibles of Humor Used in AIDS Service Organizations

Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of The Forms and Functions of Peer Social Support for People Living With HIV

Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of The Persistence of Traumatic Memories in World War II Prisoners of War

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Social Activism, Self-Advocacy, and Coping with Hiv Illness

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 2002

Research paper thumbnail of Advancing the Extended Parallel Process Model Through the Inclusion of Response Cost Measures

Journal of Health Communication, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Literacy, Social Stigma, and HIV Medication Adherence

Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Using Theoretical Constructs to Identify Key Issues for Targeted Message Design: African American Seniors' Perceptions About Influenza and Influenza Vaccination

Health Communication, 2009

African American seniors (65 and older) are less likely to be vaccinated against influenza than a... more African American seniors (65 and older) are less likely to be vaccinated against influenza than are non-Hispanic White seniors. There is a clear need for targeted messages and interventions to address this disparity. As a first step, 6 focus groups of African American seniors (N = 48) were conducted to identify current perceptions about influenza and influenza vaccination. Emergent thematic categories were organized using the 4 main constructs of the extended parallel process model. Susceptibility varied based on perceptions of individual health status, background knowledge, and age-related risk. Some participants saw influenza as a minor nuisance; others viewed it as threatening and potentially deadly. Participants discussed issues related or antecedent to self-efficacy, including vaccine accessibility and affordability. Regarding response efficacy, some participants had confidence in the vaccine, some questioned its preventive ability or believed that the vaccine caused influenza, and others noted expected side effects. Implications and recommendations for message development are discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Remembering the Legacy of Dale E. Brashers and His Contributions to Health Communication

Health Communication, 2010

... [CrossRef], [PubMed] View all references; Martin, Stone, Scott, & ... Many other advi... more ... [CrossRef], [PubMed] View all references; Martin, Stone, Scott, & ... Many other advisees, includingKaren Sodowsky (Assistant Professor, Valdosta State University), Courtney Moriarty (Assistant Professor, College of Mount Saint Vincent), and Regine Rucker (Adjunct Professor ...

Research paper thumbnail of Social Stigma Concerns and HIV Medication Adherence

AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Male Patient Perceptions of HIV Stigma in Health Care Contexts

AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 2007

Individuals living with HIV may have a heightened sensitivity to the behaviors of others that may... more Individuals living with HIV may have a heightened sensitivity to the behaviors of others that may signal bias or discrimination. Identifying and avoiding these potentially problematic behaviors may be especially important for service providers, such as health care personnel, who regularly interact with HIV-positive clientele. This study examines the experiences of 50 male American military veterans living with HIV and their perceptions of HIV stigma within health care contexts. Participants described a variety of behaviors performed by health care personnel that they perceived to be indicative of HIV stigma, ranging from ambiguous nonverbal cues (e.g., minimal eye contact) to blatant discrimination (e.g., physical abuse of HIV-positive patients). These findings extend previous research on HIV stigma in health care settings by (1) focusing on health care personnel's actual behaviors rather than their attitudes and beliefs about HIV-positive patients, (2) including patients' perceptions regarding the behaviors of both clinical and nonclinical health care personnel, and (3) identifying behaviors patients perceive as stigmatizing that are unique to health care contexts. Combined, these findings provide health care personnel a tangible list of behaviors that should either be avoided or further explained to HIV-positive patients, as they may be interpreted as stigmatizing.

Research paper thumbnail of HIV in the Leather Community: Rates and Risk-Related Behaviors