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Papers by Lars Nordstrom

2014 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES), 2014

ABSTRACT This paper proposes a control scheme to coordinate the DC voltage of converters in a HVD... more ABSTRACT This paper proposes a control scheme to coordinate the DC voltage of converters in a HVDC grid using a Multi-agent System concept. Such interactions between agents, converters, and communication units are approached from a Cyber-Physical System (CPS) perspective. The Multi-agent based control scheme tries to update the DC voltage set-points of the converters based on local and neighboring information. The information exchange between the agents and communication delay tolerance of the control scheme is studied by means of graph theory. The multi-agent control scheme has been implemented for a seven-terminal HVDC grid in a real time simulator and the impact of communication delay on this distributed control approach has been studied and is presented in the result.

2014 44th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks, 2014

11th IET International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission, 2015

2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2012

ABSTRACT Timely and synchronized phasor data at high resolutions holds great promise for more res... more ABSTRACT Timely and synchronized phasor data at high resolutions holds great promise for more responsible and advanced power grid operations. It is expected that combined effort of developing new application paradigms and the supporting Information and Communication Technology (ICT) will enable the miracle of “Smart Grid” at the transmission level. This paper addresses the design of the supporting ICT system for Wide Area Monitoring and Control applications from the performance perspective. The major contribution that distinguishes this paper from previous research efforts in the same area is that this study quantifies the end-to-end data delay with consideration of different levels of data concentrations. The analysis performed in this paper is not limited to the delay caused by individual ICT components but also provides means to view and analyze the delay of the entire supporting ICT system. Moreover, the quantified delay results drawn in this paper will potentially provide valuable input to the discussion on the coming standards for synchronized phasor measurements.

Applied Energy, 2014

ABSTRACT In this paper, a simulation model that forecasts electricity load profiles for a populat... more ABSTRACT In this paper, a simulation model that forecasts electricity load profiles for a population of Swedish households living in detached houses is presented. The model is constructed of three separate modules, namely appliance usage, Domestic Hot Water (DHW) consumption and space heating. The appliance and DHW modules are based on non-homogenous Markov chains, where household members move between different states with certain probabilities over the days. The behavior of individuals is linked to various energy demanding activities at home. The space heating module is built on thermodynamical aspects of the buildings, weather dynamics, and the heat loss output from the aforementioned modules. Subsequently, a use case for a neighborhood of detached houses in Sweden is simulated using a Monte Carlo approach. For the use case, a number of justified assumptions and parameter estimations are made. The simulations results for the Swedish use case show that the model can produce realistic power demand profiles. The simulated profile coincides especially well with the measured consumption during the summer time, which confirms that the appliance and DHW modules are reliable. The deviations increase for some periods in the winter period due to, e.g. unforeseen end-user behavior during occasions of extreme electricity prices.

2014 Power Systems Computation Conference, 2014

2006 IEEE PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition, 2006

2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting, 2013

ABSTRACT This paper describes the development of a testbed for multi-agent based decentralized co... more ABSTRACT This paper describes the development of a testbed for multi-agent based decentralized control of active distribution networks. The testbed takes into account new challenges in electric power system such as de-regulation, de-centralization, introduction of new actors, increased communication and standardization of data models and exchange. It serves the purpose of design, testing and verification of agent based distributed control and automation application development for research and education. Special considerations have been given to multi-vendor industrial compliance and standardization, e.g. IEC 61850, in the development of the testbed. The paper describes motivation for development of the platform, its architecture, components and examples of case studies that are using this testbed.

2014 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES), 2014

ABSTRACT This paper proposes a control scheme to coordinate the DC voltage of converters in a HVD... more ABSTRACT This paper proposes a control scheme to coordinate the DC voltage of converters in a HVDC grid using a Multi-agent System concept. Such interactions between agents, converters, and communication units are approached from a Cyber-Physical System (CPS) perspective. The Multi-agent based control scheme tries to update the DC voltage set-points of the converters based on local and neighboring information. The information exchange between the agents and communication delay tolerance of the control scheme is studied by means of graph theory. The multi-agent control scheme has been implemented for a seven-terminal HVDC grid in a real time simulator and the impact of communication delay on this distributed control approach has been studied and is presented in the result.

2014 44th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks, 2014

11th IET International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission, 2015

2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2012

ABSTRACT Timely and synchronized phasor data at high resolutions holds great promise for more res... more ABSTRACT Timely and synchronized phasor data at high resolutions holds great promise for more responsible and advanced power grid operations. It is expected that combined effort of developing new application paradigms and the supporting Information and Communication Technology (ICT) will enable the miracle of “Smart Grid” at the transmission level. This paper addresses the design of the supporting ICT system for Wide Area Monitoring and Control applications from the performance perspective. The major contribution that distinguishes this paper from previous research efforts in the same area is that this study quantifies the end-to-end data delay with consideration of different levels of data concentrations. The analysis performed in this paper is not limited to the delay caused by individual ICT components but also provides means to view and analyze the delay of the entire supporting ICT system. Moreover, the quantified delay results drawn in this paper will potentially provide valuable input to the discussion on the coming standards for synchronized phasor measurements.

Applied Energy, 2014

ABSTRACT In this paper, a simulation model that forecasts electricity load profiles for a populat... more ABSTRACT In this paper, a simulation model that forecasts electricity load profiles for a population of Swedish households living in detached houses is presented. The model is constructed of three separate modules, namely appliance usage, Domestic Hot Water (DHW) consumption and space heating. The appliance and DHW modules are based on non-homogenous Markov chains, where household members move between different states with certain probabilities over the days. The behavior of individuals is linked to various energy demanding activities at home. The space heating module is built on thermodynamical aspects of the buildings, weather dynamics, and the heat loss output from the aforementioned modules. Subsequently, a use case for a neighborhood of detached houses in Sweden is simulated using a Monte Carlo approach. For the use case, a number of justified assumptions and parameter estimations are made. The simulations results for the Swedish use case show that the model can produce realistic power demand profiles. The simulated profile coincides especially well with the measured consumption during the summer time, which confirms that the appliance and DHW modules are reliable. The deviations increase for some periods in the winter period due to, e.g. unforeseen end-user behavior during occasions of extreme electricity prices.

2014 Power Systems Computation Conference, 2014

2006 IEEE PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition, 2006

2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting, 2013

ABSTRACT This paper describes the development of a testbed for multi-agent based decentralized co... more ABSTRACT This paper describes the development of a testbed for multi-agent based decentralized control of active distribution networks. The testbed takes into account new challenges in electric power system such as de-regulation, de-centralization, introduction of new actors, increased communication and standardization of data models and exchange. It serves the purpose of design, testing and verification of agent based distributed control and automation application development for research and education. Special considerations have been given to multi-vendor industrial compliance and standardization, e.g. IEC 61850, in the development of the testbed. The paper describes motivation for development of the platform, its architecture, components and examples of case studies that are using this testbed.

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