Laura Duckett - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Laura Duckett
Journal of Human Lactation, 2021
Researchers study problems they care about, often over many decades. They strive to create new kn... more Researchers study problems they care about, often over many decades. They strive to create new knowledge, test promising interventions, prevent disease, ameliorate disability, save lives, or make lives better. Researchers’ knowledge (e.g., of research design, data analysis, and ethical conduct of research) and skills (e.g., communication with participants and colleagues, and grant and manuscript writing) typically grow as they move from being novice student researchers to experts. For a small minority of researchers, altruistic goals are threatened by personal goals for fame, recognition, promotion, tenure, and admission to prestigious research societies, to name a few. These conflicting goals could lead to conflicts of interest and biased or fraudulent research. Therefore, it is important for lactation clinicians to have the knowledge and skills to evaluate the quality of studies in their areas of lactation work. Fortunately, there are many ways to enhance knowledge and skills. There are several main categories of quantitative research, and each of those has subcategories (Table 1). The focuses of this article are the essential features and internal and external validity of quantitative studies with an experimental or quasiexperimental design, the features of the most frequently used descriptive study designs, and the reliability and validity of instruments (measures) of variables used in quantitative research studies. The aims for this article are:
Journal of Human Lactation, Oct 9, 2020
Douglas A. Johnson began his career as a human rights activist while earning his undergraduate de... more Douglas A. Johnson began his career as a human rights activist while earning his undergraduate degree in philosophy (1975) at Macalester College in the United States. He lived at Gandhi's ashram in India to study nonviolent organizing (1969 to 1970). He served as the director of the Third World Institute in Minneapolis, MN, USA (1973-1979), which functioned as the international social justice program of the Archdiocese of Minneapolis and St. Paul. Johnson's work included creating and running a political collective; leading development study tours into villages in Guatemala and Honduras; and investigating how transnational companies (e.g., Nestlé) were penetrating the developing world. He was the co-founder of the Infant Formula Action Coalition (INFACT), elected national chairperson (1977-1985), and appointed as Executive Director (1978-1984). His role included representing INFACT before national and international organizations, the human milk substitute industry, the US Congress and Executive Branch, and the press. He initiated and coordinated the first international grassroots consumer boycott (against Nestlé) in ten nations. He was also a co-founder of the International Nestlé Boycott Committee and the International Baby Food Action Network (IBFAN). He earned a Master's in Public and Private Management at Yale University (1988). Then he became the first Executive Director of the Center for Victims of Torture, in Minneapolis (1988-2012), the first treatment center for torture victims in the US. Since 2013, he has been teaching human rights theory and practice, and sharing lessons he has learned, as a Lecturer in Public Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University (US). (This interview was conducted via Zoom and transcribed verbatim. It has been edited for ease of readability. DJ refers to Doug Johnson and LD refers to Laura Duckett.
Western Journal of Nursing Research, 1998
Covariance structures analysis is often used in nursing research to appraise statistical models r... more Covariance structures analysis is often used in nursing research to appraise statistical models reflecting complex human health processes. The model selection approach in covariance structures analysis is designed to select the "best" model from a specified set of theoretically defensible, competing alternatives, all of which are viewed as approximations. Model selection criteria explicitly incorporate both model misfit in the population and sampling error to evaluate the set of models. The result is that interpretability of model parameters and goodness-of-fit are enhanced simultaneously. Relative merits of the model selection approach are identified in light of technical concerns, parsimony, and use of scientific theory in nursing.
AAOHN Journal, 1997
reastfeeding is widely regarded .as the best nutrition and as a major preventive health measure f... more reastfeeding is widely regarded .as the best nutrition and as a major preventive health measure for infants through their first birthday. A national health promotion goal for the year 2000 is that 75% of women leave the hospital breastfeeding, with 50% of these women continuing to breastfeed through their infant's sixth month (US DHHS, 1990). The American Academy of Pediatrics (1992) recommends breastmilk as the only nutrition for infants during their first 6 months and, in addition to other foods, during their second 6 months. In Minnesota, 66% of new mothers leave the hospital breastfeeding (Suzukamo, L.B. Lactation tolerant.
Applied Nursing Research, 2001
Handwashing is a simple procedure that is critical to prevention and control of infections, yet m... more Handwashing is a simple procedure that is critical to prevention and control of infections, yet many health care workers (HCWs) do not practice hand hygiene according to recommended guidelines. The Handwashing Assessment Inventory (HAI) is a self-report instrument that is designed to measure the motivational schema of HCWs for handwashing.
Journal of Nursing Education, 1989
Journal of Nursing Education, 1994
Journal of Human Lactation
Journal of Nursing Education, 1989
Developing cases for the clinical teaching of ethics can be extremely time-consuming. Often, the ... more Developing cases for the clinical teaching of ethics can be extremely time-consuming. Often, the cases that are developed either represent unrealistic situations or mere technical puzzles rather than genuine ethical problems. This article describes how faculty at the University of Minnesota modified a simple, quick and inexpensive think tank technique, the Crawford Slip Method, for use with nursing educators to generate an extensive list of ethical issues within each clinical specialty. Selecting from these lists, faculty in each specialty developed one realistic nursing case situation to illustrate selected ethical issues. Faculty were asked to use the Alverno College criteria for designing a moral dilemma when writing their cases. Suggestions for adapting the cases for multiple uses are presented.
Journal of Adolescent Health, 2006
Journal of Nursing Education, 1989
This article provides an account of the use of a model-building process as an educational strateg... more This article provides an account of the use of a model-building process as an educational strategy for the teaching of ethics. Designed to integrate students' growing knowledge and skill in nursing with their intellectual and professional development, this model-building process has its theoretical foundations in cognitive moral development theory, and in an integrative approach to nursing education called Multi-Course Sequential Learning (MCSL).
Journal of Nursing Education, 1989
Multi-course sequential learning (MCSL), a model for integrating content throughout the curriculu... more Multi-course sequential learning (MCSL), a model for integrating content throughout the curriculum, is described using ethics education as a prototype. In this model, content is presented via a vertical course, with units embedded in existing courses across various levels of the nursing program, which is designed to provide coherent organization of content, visibility, and accountability, and to prevent gaps and unnecessary duplication. This article describes the process of developing an Ethics MCSL, which is being implemented and evaluated with support from a three-year grant from the Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE).
Journal of Nursing Education, 1989
Developing cases for the clinical teaching of ethics can be extremely time-consuming. Often, the ... more Developing cases for the clinical teaching of ethics can be extremely time-consuming. Often, the cases that are developed either represent unrealistic situations or mere technical puzzles rather than genuine ethical problems. This article describes how faculty at the University of Minnesota modified a simple, quick and inexpensive think tank technique, the Crawford Slip Method, for use with nursing educators to generate an extensive list of ethical issues within each clinical specialty. Selecting from these lists, faculty in each specialty developed one realistic nursing case situation to illustrate selected ethical issues. Faculty were asked to use the Alverno College criteria for designing a moral dilemma when writing their cases. Suggestions for adapting the cases for multiple uses are presented.
... These five componentsmoral sensitivity, moral reasoning, moral commitment/motivation, moral ... more ... These five componentsmoral sensitivity, moral reasoning, moral commitment/motivation, moral character, and ... The process used to assess students' moral reasoning scores upon entrance into ... an instrument developed to assess students' clinical performance across settings at ...
Journal of Human Lactation, 2021
Researchers study problems they care about, often over many decades. They strive to create new kn... more Researchers study problems they care about, often over many decades. They strive to create new knowledge, test promising interventions, prevent disease, ameliorate disability, save lives, or make lives better. Researchers’ knowledge (e.g., of research design, data analysis, and ethical conduct of research) and skills (e.g., communication with participants and colleagues, and grant and manuscript writing) typically grow as they move from being novice student researchers to experts. For a small minority of researchers, altruistic goals are threatened by personal goals for fame, recognition, promotion, tenure, and admission to prestigious research societies, to name a few. These conflicting goals could lead to conflicts of interest and biased or fraudulent research. Therefore, it is important for lactation clinicians to have the knowledge and skills to evaluate the quality of studies in their areas of lactation work. Fortunately, there are many ways to enhance knowledge and skills. There are several main categories of quantitative research, and each of those has subcategories (Table 1). The focuses of this article are the essential features and internal and external validity of quantitative studies with an experimental or quasiexperimental design, the features of the most frequently used descriptive study designs, and the reliability and validity of instruments (measures) of variables used in quantitative research studies. The aims for this article are:
Journal of Human Lactation, Oct 9, 2020
Douglas A. Johnson began his career as a human rights activist while earning his undergraduate de... more Douglas A. Johnson began his career as a human rights activist while earning his undergraduate degree in philosophy (1975) at Macalester College in the United States. He lived at Gandhi's ashram in India to study nonviolent organizing (1969 to 1970). He served as the director of the Third World Institute in Minneapolis, MN, USA (1973-1979), which functioned as the international social justice program of the Archdiocese of Minneapolis and St. Paul. Johnson's work included creating and running a political collective; leading development study tours into villages in Guatemala and Honduras; and investigating how transnational companies (e.g., Nestlé) were penetrating the developing world. He was the co-founder of the Infant Formula Action Coalition (INFACT), elected national chairperson (1977-1985), and appointed as Executive Director (1978-1984). His role included representing INFACT before national and international organizations, the human milk substitute industry, the US Congress and Executive Branch, and the press. He initiated and coordinated the first international grassroots consumer boycott (against Nestlé) in ten nations. He was also a co-founder of the International Nestlé Boycott Committee and the International Baby Food Action Network (IBFAN). He earned a Master's in Public and Private Management at Yale University (1988). Then he became the first Executive Director of the Center for Victims of Torture, in Minneapolis (1988-2012), the first treatment center for torture victims in the US. Since 2013, he has been teaching human rights theory and practice, and sharing lessons he has learned, as a Lecturer in Public Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University (US). (This interview was conducted via Zoom and transcribed verbatim. It has been edited for ease of readability. DJ refers to Doug Johnson and LD refers to Laura Duckett.
Western Journal of Nursing Research, 1998
Covariance structures analysis is often used in nursing research to appraise statistical models r... more Covariance structures analysis is often used in nursing research to appraise statistical models reflecting complex human health processes. The model selection approach in covariance structures analysis is designed to select the "best" model from a specified set of theoretically defensible, competing alternatives, all of which are viewed as approximations. Model selection criteria explicitly incorporate both model misfit in the population and sampling error to evaluate the set of models. The result is that interpretability of model parameters and goodness-of-fit are enhanced simultaneously. Relative merits of the model selection approach are identified in light of technical concerns, parsimony, and use of scientific theory in nursing.
AAOHN Journal, 1997
reastfeeding is widely regarded .as the best nutrition and as a major preventive health measure f... more reastfeeding is widely regarded .as the best nutrition and as a major preventive health measure for infants through their first birthday. A national health promotion goal for the year 2000 is that 75% of women leave the hospital breastfeeding, with 50% of these women continuing to breastfeed through their infant's sixth month (US DHHS, 1990). The American Academy of Pediatrics (1992) recommends breastmilk as the only nutrition for infants during their first 6 months and, in addition to other foods, during their second 6 months. In Minnesota, 66% of new mothers leave the hospital breastfeeding (Suzukamo, L.B. Lactation tolerant.
Applied Nursing Research, 2001
Handwashing is a simple procedure that is critical to prevention and control of infections, yet m... more Handwashing is a simple procedure that is critical to prevention and control of infections, yet many health care workers (HCWs) do not practice hand hygiene according to recommended guidelines. The Handwashing Assessment Inventory (HAI) is a self-report instrument that is designed to measure the motivational schema of HCWs for handwashing.
Journal of Nursing Education, 1989
Journal of Nursing Education, 1994
Journal of Human Lactation
Journal of Nursing Education, 1989
Developing cases for the clinical teaching of ethics can be extremely time-consuming. Often, the ... more Developing cases for the clinical teaching of ethics can be extremely time-consuming. Often, the cases that are developed either represent unrealistic situations or mere technical puzzles rather than genuine ethical problems. This article describes how faculty at the University of Minnesota modified a simple, quick and inexpensive think tank technique, the Crawford Slip Method, for use with nursing educators to generate an extensive list of ethical issues within each clinical specialty. Selecting from these lists, faculty in each specialty developed one realistic nursing case situation to illustrate selected ethical issues. Faculty were asked to use the Alverno College criteria for designing a moral dilemma when writing their cases. Suggestions for adapting the cases for multiple uses are presented.
Journal of Adolescent Health, 2006
Journal of Nursing Education, 1989
This article provides an account of the use of a model-building process as an educational strateg... more This article provides an account of the use of a model-building process as an educational strategy for the teaching of ethics. Designed to integrate students' growing knowledge and skill in nursing with their intellectual and professional development, this model-building process has its theoretical foundations in cognitive moral development theory, and in an integrative approach to nursing education called Multi-Course Sequential Learning (MCSL).
Journal of Nursing Education, 1989
Multi-course sequential learning (MCSL), a model for integrating content throughout the curriculu... more Multi-course sequential learning (MCSL), a model for integrating content throughout the curriculum, is described using ethics education as a prototype. In this model, content is presented via a vertical course, with units embedded in existing courses across various levels of the nursing program, which is designed to provide coherent organization of content, visibility, and accountability, and to prevent gaps and unnecessary duplication. This article describes the process of developing an Ethics MCSL, which is being implemented and evaluated with support from a three-year grant from the Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE).
Journal of Nursing Education, 1989
Developing cases for the clinical teaching of ethics can be extremely time-consuming. Often, the ... more Developing cases for the clinical teaching of ethics can be extremely time-consuming. Often, the cases that are developed either represent unrealistic situations or mere technical puzzles rather than genuine ethical problems. This article describes how faculty at the University of Minnesota modified a simple, quick and inexpensive think tank technique, the Crawford Slip Method, for use with nursing educators to generate an extensive list of ethical issues within each clinical specialty. Selecting from these lists, faculty in each specialty developed one realistic nursing case situation to illustrate selected ethical issues. Faculty were asked to use the Alverno College criteria for designing a moral dilemma when writing their cases. Suggestions for adapting the cases for multiple uses are presented.
... These five componentsmoral sensitivity, moral reasoning, moral commitment/motivation, moral ... more ... These five componentsmoral sensitivity, moral reasoning, moral commitment/motivation, moral character, and ... The process used to assess students' moral reasoning scores upon entrance into ... an instrument developed to assess students' clinical performance across settings at ...