Laurence Ambroisine - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Laurence Ambroisine
World Allergy Organization Journal, 2012
Background: Subcutaneous injection route (SCIT) is burdened with the risk of severe adverse event... more Background: Subcutaneous injection route (SCIT) is burdened with the risk of severe adverse events; therefore, sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is being increasingly investigated. The efficacy of SLIT in asthma has been reviewed in a Cochrane meta-analysis. Allergic sensitization to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp), Dermatophagoides siboney (Ds) and Blomia tropicalis (Bt) is strongly linked to respiratory allergy and asthma in Cuba (3). These last 2 species are relevant in tropical countries or even only in the Caribbean region (4). Nevertheless, well conducted clinical studies of immunotherapy with standardized allergen vaccines of these particular species are very scarce. Objective: This study was conducted to assess the therapeutic effect and safety of allergen therapeutic vaccines of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides siboney and Blomia tropicalis House-Dust mites (VALERGEN, BIOCEN, Cuba) by sublingual route, in asthmatic patients. Methods: Three Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled clinical trials were performed in 40 patients each, showing asthmatic symptoms and positive predominant Skin Prick Test (SPT) to each mite, respectively. Half of subjects were randomized to active group. Treatment consisted of sublingual drops with increasing daily doses for 3 weeks and maintenance doses (2000 BU) twice a week until 12 months. Results: Therapeutic effect was assessed after 6 and 12 months using symptoms/medication diary cards, peak expiratory flow (PEF) measures and skin sensitivity to investigated mites. Adverse reactions were classified using the World Allergy Organization scale. The treatment reduced significantly (P , 0.01) clinical symptoms (38%, 95% CI, 33-44) and medication intake (26%, 95% CI, 21-32) with respect to placebo. The skin sensitivity to the allergens decreased also significantly (P , 0.01). The allergen amount needed to induce a positive SPT increased 52-fold. PEF variability decreased also significantly (P , 0.05). The treatment was considered effective in 77% of patients. A major advantage as compared to subcutaneous route was a remarked lower frequency of adverse effects. Local reactions were noted only in 0.43% of administrations. No systemic reactions were observed. Conclusions: The results indicate that sublingual immunotherapy using allergen vaccines of tropical mite species is effective and safe in mitesensitive asthmatic patients.
Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
The aim of this analysis was to study the possible effect of hormonal replacement therapy on some... more The aim of this analysis was to study the possible effect of hormonal replacement therapy on some biophysical properties of the skin of menopausal women. A study was carried out on 106 menopausal, phototype I to IV women with clinically healthy skin. During the medical evaluation, the menopausal status, duration of the menopause, and, possible use of hormone replacement therapy and its duration were collected. A series of biophysical skin parameters in controlled environmental conditions was assessed on the face: sebum casual level, skin surface pH, skin colour, transepidermal water loss, capacitance, conductance, skin relief and temperature. The same parameters except for sebum were assessed on the forearm. Three sub-samples were defined according to the duration of the menopause and of hormone replacement therapy. The skin colour parameters revealed a greater red intensity value in menopausal women who had been treated for at least one year. In menopausal women who had been treate...
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](Phototype, statut en vitamine D et densité minérale osseuse chez des femmes à risque d'ostéoporos... more Phototype, statut en vitamine D et densité minérale osseuse chez des femmes à risque d'ostéoporose Phototype, vitamin D status and bone mineral density among women at risk of osteoporosis Reçu le 12 septembre 2005 ; accepté le 26 janvier 2006 Disponible sur internet le 03 mars 2006
International journal of cosmetic science, 2002
The sun reactive skin type classification is based on sunburn susceptibility, tanning ability and... more The sun reactive skin type classification is based on sunburn susceptibility, tanning ability and phenotypic information. As subjects rarely match all features of a given skin type, the attribution to a class is partially subjective. The aims of the study, were to analyse the contribution of each characteristic to the classification made by the expert, and to establish a classification based on a statistical approach conducted on 212 women living in the Ile-de-France area. Multiple regression was used to construct a formula for each phototype. The coefficients obtained demonstrated that the importance of each characteristic was extremely variable from one phototype to another, suggesting that the phototype determination could be facilitated by adding a weight for every characteristic in the decision. Then, multiple correspondence analysis and clustering analysis methods showed that one phototype could be divided into two more homogenous classes.
Skin Research and Technology, 2007
Skin properties, such as colour, hydration and texture, can be studied on a qualitative basis by ... more Skin properties, such as colour, hydration and texture, can be studied on a qualitative basis by a clinical assessment or on a quantitative basis using techniques that measure biophysical properties of the skin. The aim of this study was to explore the links between facial skin features and a range of skin biophysical parameters using multivariate methods. A study was conducted on 256 female volunteers from Ile-de-France with apparent healthy skin, aged between 20 and 50, under controlled environmental conditions (mean+/-standard deviation: room temperature 22.9+/-0.3 degrees C; relative humidity 48.5+/-2.3%). The study included a medical questionnaire and a clinical examination of the skin performed by a dermatologist, and a biophysical evaluation of the skin properties. Seventy visual and tactile skin features were assessed on the forehead and the cheek using ordinal variables illustrated by photographic scales. Twenty-eight biophysical measurements were taken in the same areas using the following equipment: Chromameter, Evaporimeter, Corneometer, Skicon, Sebumeter, Sebutape, skin thermometer, skin pH-meter and Silflo. In order to group the variables illustrating a same unimodal phenomenon, a typology of the skin features and a typology of the biophysical parameters were carried out using a clustering method. Then, the relationships between each group of clinical features and each group of biophysical parameters were studied using a series of partial least squares (PLS) regressions. From eight groups of clinical features and three groups of biophysical parameters that were identified, 12 significant PLS regression models were built. Our findings suggest that differences in chromametric measurements express not only differences in skin colour but also differences in skin surface properties, such as skin vascularity status, thickness, and existence of wrinkles, and also demonstrate that the level of sebum excretion can affect other aspects of the skin surface. Some skin features assessed clinically do not appear to be linked to any biophysical parameter. This finding confirms that certain phenomena evaluated on the basis of visual or tactile skin features are not assessed on the basis of the biophysical properties of the skin measured by our bioengineering techniques. Indeed, visual skin features mainly appreciate the skin surface aspect, contrary to some biophysical surrogate markers known to provide information on underlying epidermal structures. Therefore, both clinical and biophysical assessments must be associated to supply a relevant and accurate approach for skin aspect characterisation.
Skin Research and Technology, 2006
The variation of skin surface morphological indicators according to age has not been frequently s... more The variation of skin surface morphological indicators according to age has not been frequently studied. The aim of this work was to establish French Caucasian and Japanese reference ranges of these indicators according to age. Two studies were performed simultaneously in Paris and Sendai on 356 Caucasian and 120 Japanese healthy women aged from 20 to 80 years. Skin replicas were obtained from the volar forearm and analysed by interferometry. This analysis yielded 16 morphological indicators. Reference ranges according to age were established using the statistical methodology defined by Royston. Reference ranges were found for 15 out of the 16 parameters for the French women as well as for the Japanese women. The models' truthfulness will have to be confirmed using new samples, larger if possible. Moreover, non-parametric methods will be used in order to compare the results provided by these approaches.
Skin Research and Technology, 2007
This research aims at assessing the influence of baseline skin colour on the ability of reflectan... more This research aims at assessing the influence of baseline skin colour on the ability of reflectance spectrophotometry to detect cutaneous erythema induced by a low concentration of methyl nicotinate (2.5 mM) (first objective), and to detect tanning induced by ultraviolet rays (UVA+UVB) at infra-erythemal doses (second objective). Two independent studies were conducted to reach their respective objectives, on 27 women for the first study and on 12 women for the second study. Skin colour measurements were expressed in two different ways: percentages of reflected light at increasing wavelengths lambda (400 nm<lambda<700 nm, at 10 nm intervals), and chromametric coordinates of the CIELab 1976 system and individual typological angle (ITA degrees). Partial least squares discriminant analysis was performed to identify percentages of reflected light that allow the discrimination of the observations obtained after methyl nicotinate application from those obtained after water application (control). The same method was used for the discrimination of the measurements obtained after UV irradiation from those obtained before UV irradiation (control). The cutaneous erythema induced by a low concentration of methyl nicotinate was detected only in subjects with fair to very fair skin defined by ITA> or =40 degrees. The assumption is that in the darkest skins, the emitted light is mainly absorbed by the melanin in the epidermis. Otherwise, after UV irradiation, the tanning was detectable only for individuals with fair to dark skin defined by ITA <50 degrees. This can be explained by the fact that UV stimulation of the fairest skin subjects, known to be melano-compromised individuals, can only produce a weak tanning that our study did not succeed in detecting.
Skin Research and Technology, 2005
The publisher would like to draw the readers' attention to the fact that in the above paper by Gu... more The publisher would like to draw the readers' attention to the fact that in the above paper by Guinot et al. an error was made in the spelling of one of the contributing author's names. 'Frèdéríque Moù zot' is incorrect and should be written as 'Frédérique Morizot'.
Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2009
The melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene is known to play a major role in skin and hair pigmentati... more The melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene is known to play a major role in skin and hair pigmentation and to be highly polymorphic in Caucasians. This study was performed to investigate the relationships between MC1R gene polymorphisms and skin color in a large sample of French middle-aged Caucasian women. The codons 60 to 265 and the codon 294 of the MC1R gene were sequenced in 488 women. The skin color was measured on the inner side of the forearm using a spectrophotometric instrument. Fifteen variants were identified: Arg151Cys, Arg160Trp, Arg142His, Asp294His, Ile155Thr, Asp84Glu, Val60Leu, Val92Met, Arg163Gln, Ser83Pro, Thr95Met, Pro256Ser, Val265Ile, Ala166Ala and Gln233Gln. Women carrying Arg151Cys, Asp294His, Arg160Trp and Asp84Glu variants had a significantly higher reflectance in the red region, which indicates a lower level of functional melanin. This association was the most pronounced for women carrying Asp84Glu. In contrast, no significant difference was observed for other variants. Moreover, associations between MC1R polymorphisms and the risks of experiencing sunburn and of having freckles were found independently of skin color. Our findings support the hypothesis that MC1R polymorphisms do not necessarily alter the skin color but should sensitize the skin to UV-induced DNA damage.
Photochem Photobiol, 2007
Phototype classifications were initially developed in an attempt to predict the skin reactions of... more Phototype classifications were initially developed in an attempt to predict the skin reactions of patients to phototherapy and are now widely used to advise individuals with regard to sun protection. A transversal study was conducted on the SU.VI.MAX cohort to estimate the frequency of sunreactive skin features in a large, general adult populationbased sample, and to describe the associations between these features. The data were collected 3 years after the beginning of the SU.VI.MAX nutritional intervention study on 4912 volunteers (2868 women aged 3 5 4 0 years and 2044 men aged 45-60 years). A multiple correspondence analysis was performed to study the associations between the features. The results showed that these features correspond to a onedimensional phenomenon, which allowed us to establish a score to summarize skin sensitivity to sun exposure. Furthermore, we found a link between gender and phototype using the CCsarini classification (phototype 1 IV: 37% of women, 47% of men). The analysis of the relationship with sun-reactive skin features and the score revealed the same trend. Phenotypic evaluation appears to be a good estimator of skin sensitivity to sun exposure for clinical screening or for use in research, and is easy to collect at a lower cost. Moreover, the sun sensitivity difference between gender should be considered in education about photoprotection.
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2006
Objective This study aimed to examine the frequency of self-assessed facial skin sensitivity and ... more Objective This study aimed to examine the frequency of self-assessed facial skin sensitivity and its different patterns, and the relationship with gender and sun sensitivity in a general adult population. Methods A standardized 11-item questionnaire investigating reactions experienced during the past year was developed. The questions explored different patterns of skin sensitivity: pattern I (blushing related to vascular reactivity), pattern II (skin reactions to certain environmental conditions), pattern III (skin reactions after substance contact), and for women pattern IV ('breakout of spots' related to menstrual cycle). Additional items were addressed for women and men, including sun sensitivity. The questionnaire was administered to a large middle-aged population involved in the 'Supplément en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants' (SU.VI.MAX) cohort. Results Sensitive facial skin was reported by 61% of the women ( n = 5074) and 32% of the men ( n = 3448), and the frequency decreased with age. The frequency of patterns I, II and III was greater for women (78, 72 and 58%, respectively) than for men (56, 48 and 28%) of comparable classes of age. The frequency of pattern IV was reported by 49% of premenopausal women, and skin reactions after shaving by 41% of the men. Sun sensitivity was found to be a major component of skin sensitivity. Factor analysis showed that individuals with fair phototype frequently evoked reactions associated with pattern I, and skin redness and burning sensations were related to certain environmental conditions (pattern II). Conclusion Skin sensitivity is a common concern that declines with age and is relevant for men as well as for women.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 2010
The objective of this study was to assess the association between melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) ... more The objective of this study was to assess the association between melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) variants and the severity of facial skin photoaging. The study population comprised 530 middle-aged French women. A trained dermatologist graded the severity of facial skin photoaging from photographs using a global scale. Logistic regressions were performed to assess the influence of MC1R polymorphisms on severe photoaging with adjustment for possible confounders (demographic and phenotypic data and sun exposure intensity). Among the fifteen MC1R variants identified, the nine most common were V60L, V92M, R151C, R160W, R163Q, R142H, D294H, D84E, and I155T. One hundred and eighty-five individuals (35%) were WT homozygotes, 261 (49%) had one common variant, 78 (15%) had two common variants, and six (1%) had at least one rare variant. After adjustment for possible confounders, the presence of two common variants was already a risk factor for severe photoaging (AOR (95% confidence interval): 2.33 (1.17-4.63)). This risk reached 5.61 (1.43-21.96) when two major diminished-function variants were present. Surprisingly, the minor variant, V92M, was associated with increased risk of photoaging (2.57 (1.23-5.35)). Our results suggest that genetic variations of MC1R are important determinants for severe photoaging.
Food Quality and Preference, 2006
A reliable panel is required in sensory analysis. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new m... more A reliable panel is required in sensory analysis. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new methodology based on a mixed linear model to test various criteria of a panelÕs reliability. The developed method allows testing the global performance of the panel, and the individual performances of each judge in terms of discriminability and repeatability, severity or laxity, and agreement or disagreement with the panel. All the computations are implemented in an SAS Ò program. The results of the analysis are summarised in a set of tables in such a way that the panel leader can easily check and compare the judge performances.
World Allergy Organization Journal, 2012
Background: Subcutaneous injection route (SCIT) is burdened with the risk of severe adverse event... more Background: Subcutaneous injection route (SCIT) is burdened with the risk of severe adverse events; therefore, sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is being increasingly investigated. The efficacy of SLIT in asthma has been reviewed in a Cochrane meta-analysis. Allergic sensitization to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp), Dermatophagoides siboney (Ds) and Blomia tropicalis (Bt) is strongly linked to respiratory allergy and asthma in Cuba (3). These last 2 species are relevant in tropical countries or even only in the Caribbean region (4). Nevertheless, well conducted clinical studies of immunotherapy with standardized allergen vaccines of these particular species are very scarce. Objective: This study was conducted to assess the therapeutic effect and safety of allergen therapeutic vaccines of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides siboney and Blomia tropicalis House-Dust mites (VALERGEN, BIOCEN, Cuba) by sublingual route, in asthmatic patients. Methods: Three Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled clinical trials were performed in 40 patients each, showing asthmatic symptoms and positive predominant Skin Prick Test (SPT) to each mite, respectively. Half of subjects were randomized to active group. Treatment consisted of sublingual drops with increasing daily doses for 3 weeks and maintenance doses (2000 BU) twice a week until 12 months. Results: Therapeutic effect was assessed after 6 and 12 months using symptoms/medication diary cards, peak expiratory flow (PEF) measures and skin sensitivity to investigated mites. Adverse reactions were classified using the World Allergy Organization scale. The treatment reduced significantly (P , 0.01) clinical symptoms (38%, 95% CI, 33-44) and medication intake (26%, 95% CI, 21-32) with respect to placebo. The skin sensitivity to the allergens decreased also significantly (P , 0.01). The allergen amount needed to induce a positive SPT increased 52-fold. PEF variability decreased also significantly (P , 0.05). The treatment was considered effective in 77% of patients. A major advantage as compared to subcutaneous route was a remarked lower frequency of adverse effects. Local reactions were noted only in 0.43% of administrations. No systemic reactions were observed. Conclusions: The results indicate that sublingual immunotherapy using allergen vaccines of tropical mite species is effective and safe in mitesensitive asthmatic patients.
Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
The aim of this analysis was to study the possible effect of hormonal replacement therapy on some... more The aim of this analysis was to study the possible effect of hormonal replacement therapy on some biophysical properties of the skin of menopausal women. A study was carried out on 106 menopausal, phototype I to IV women with clinically healthy skin. During the medical evaluation, the menopausal status, duration of the menopause, and, possible use of hormone replacement therapy and its duration were collected. A series of biophysical skin parameters in controlled environmental conditions was assessed on the face: sebum casual level, skin surface pH, skin colour, transepidermal water loss, capacitance, conductance, skin relief and temperature. The same parameters except for sebum were assessed on the forearm. Three sub-samples were defined according to the duration of the menopause and of hormone replacement therapy. The skin colour parameters revealed a greater red intensity value in menopausal women who had been treated for at least one year. In menopausal women who had been treate...
Phototype, statut en vitamine D et densité minérale osseuse chez des femmes à risque d'ostéoporos... more Phototype, statut en vitamine D et densité minérale osseuse chez des femmes à risque d'ostéoporose Phototype, vitamin D status and bone mineral density among women at risk of osteoporosis Reçu le 12 septembre 2005 ; accepté le 26 janvier 2006 Disponible sur internet le 03 mars 2006
International journal of cosmetic science, 2002
The sun reactive skin type classification is based on sunburn susceptibility, tanning ability and... more The sun reactive skin type classification is based on sunburn susceptibility, tanning ability and phenotypic information. As subjects rarely match all features of a given skin type, the attribution to a class is partially subjective. The aims of the study, were to analyse the contribution of each characteristic to the classification made by the expert, and to establish a classification based on a statistical approach conducted on 212 women living in the Ile-de-France area. Multiple regression was used to construct a formula for each phototype. The coefficients obtained demonstrated that the importance of each characteristic was extremely variable from one phototype to another, suggesting that the phototype determination could be facilitated by adding a weight for every characteristic in the decision. Then, multiple correspondence analysis and clustering analysis methods showed that one phototype could be divided into two more homogenous classes.
Skin Research and Technology, 2007
Skin properties, such as colour, hydration and texture, can be studied on a qualitative basis by ... more Skin properties, such as colour, hydration and texture, can be studied on a qualitative basis by a clinical assessment or on a quantitative basis using techniques that measure biophysical properties of the skin. The aim of this study was to explore the links between facial skin features and a range of skin biophysical parameters using multivariate methods. A study was conducted on 256 female volunteers from Ile-de-France with apparent healthy skin, aged between 20 and 50, under controlled environmental conditions (mean+/-standard deviation: room temperature 22.9+/-0.3 degrees C; relative humidity 48.5+/-2.3%). The study included a medical questionnaire and a clinical examination of the skin performed by a dermatologist, and a biophysical evaluation of the skin properties. Seventy visual and tactile skin features were assessed on the forehead and the cheek using ordinal variables illustrated by photographic scales. Twenty-eight biophysical measurements were taken in the same areas using the following equipment: Chromameter, Evaporimeter, Corneometer, Skicon, Sebumeter, Sebutape, skin thermometer, skin pH-meter and Silflo. In order to group the variables illustrating a same unimodal phenomenon, a typology of the skin features and a typology of the biophysical parameters were carried out using a clustering method. Then, the relationships between each group of clinical features and each group of biophysical parameters were studied using a series of partial least squares (PLS) regressions. From eight groups of clinical features and three groups of biophysical parameters that were identified, 12 significant PLS regression models were built. Our findings suggest that differences in chromametric measurements express not only differences in skin colour but also differences in skin surface properties, such as skin vascularity status, thickness, and existence of wrinkles, and also demonstrate that the level of sebum excretion can affect other aspects of the skin surface. Some skin features assessed clinically do not appear to be linked to any biophysical parameter. This finding confirms that certain phenomena evaluated on the basis of visual or tactile skin features are not assessed on the basis of the biophysical properties of the skin measured by our bioengineering techniques. Indeed, visual skin features mainly appreciate the skin surface aspect, contrary to some biophysical surrogate markers known to provide information on underlying epidermal structures. Therefore, both clinical and biophysical assessments must be associated to supply a relevant and accurate approach for skin aspect characterisation.
Skin Research and Technology, 2006
The variation of skin surface morphological indicators according to age has not been frequently s... more The variation of skin surface morphological indicators according to age has not been frequently studied. The aim of this work was to establish French Caucasian and Japanese reference ranges of these indicators according to age. Two studies were performed simultaneously in Paris and Sendai on 356 Caucasian and 120 Japanese healthy women aged from 20 to 80 years. Skin replicas were obtained from the volar forearm and analysed by interferometry. This analysis yielded 16 morphological indicators. Reference ranges according to age were established using the statistical methodology defined by Royston. Reference ranges were found for 15 out of the 16 parameters for the French women as well as for the Japanese women. The models' truthfulness will have to be confirmed using new samples, larger if possible. Moreover, non-parametric methods will be used in order to compare the results provided by these approaches.
Skin Research and Technology, 2007
This research aims at assessing the influence of baseline skin colour on the ability of reflectan... more This research aims at assessing the influence of baseline skin colour on the ability of reflectance spectrophotometry to detect cutaneous erythema induced by a low concentration of methyl nicotinate (2.5 mM) (first objective), and to detect tanning induced by ultraviolet rays (UVA+UVB) at infra-erythemal doses (second objective). Two independent studies were conducted to reach their respective objectives, on 27 women for the first study and on 12 women for the second study. Skin colour measurements were expressed in two different ways: percentages of reflected light at increasing wavelengths lambda (400 nm<lambda<700 nm, at 10 nm intervals), and chromametric coordinates of the CIELab 1976 system and individual typological angle (ITA degrees). Partial least squares discriminant analysis was performed to identify percentages of reflected light that allow the discrimination of the observations obtained after methyl nicotinate application from those obtained after water application (control). The same method was used for the discrimination of the measurements obtained after UV irradiation from those obtained before UV irradiation (control). The cutaneous erythema induced by a low concentration of methyl nicotinate was detected only in subjects with fair to very fair skin defined by ITA> or =40 degrees. The assumption is that in the darkest skins, the emitted light is mainly absorbed by the melanin in the epidermis. Otherwise, after UV irradiation, the tanning was detectable only for individuals with fair to dark skin defined by ITA <50 degrees. This can be explained by the fact that UV stimulation of the fairest skin subjects, known to be melano-compromised individuals, can only produce a weak tanning that our study did not succeed in detecting.
Skin Research and Technology, 2005
The publisher would like to draw the readers' attention to the fact that in the above paper by Gu... more The publisher would like to draw the readers' attention to the fact that in the above paper by Guinot et al. an error was made in the spelling of one of the contributing author's names. 'Frèdéríque Moù zot' is incorrect and should be written as 'Frédérique Morizot'.
Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2009
The melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene is known to play a major role in skin and hair pigmentati... more The melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene is known to play a major role in skin and hair pigmentation and to be highly polymorphic in Caucasians. This study was performed to investigate the relationships between MC1R gene polymorphisms and skin color in a large sample of French middle-aged Caucasian women. The codons 60 to 265 and the codon 294 of the MC1R gene were sequenced in 488 women. The skin color was measured on the inner side of the forearm using a spectrophotometric instrument. Fifteen variants were identified: Arg151Cys, Arg160Trp, Arg142His, Asp294His, Ile155Thr, Asp84Glu, Val60Leu, Val92Met, Arg163Gln, Ser83Pro, Thr95Met, Pro256Ser, Val265Ile, Ala166Ala and Gln233Gln. Women carrying Arg151Cys, Asp294His, Arg160Trp and Asp84Glu variants had a significantly higher reflectance in the red region, which indicates a lower level of functional melanin. This association was the most pronounced for women carrying Asp84Glu. In contrast, no significant difference was observed for other variants. Moreover, associations between MC1R polymorphisms and the risks of experiencing sunburn and of having freckles were found independently of skin color. Our findings support the hypothesis that MC1R polymorphisms do not necessarily alter the skin color but should sensitize the skin to UV-induced DNA damage.
Photochem Photobiol, 2007
Phototype classifications were initially developed in an attempt to predict the skin reactions of... more Phototype classifications were initially developed in an attempt to predict the skin reactions of patients to phototherapy and are now widely used to advise individuals with regard to sun protection. A transversal study was conducted on the SU.VI.MAX cohort to estimate the frequency of sunreactive skin features in a large, general adult populationbased sample, and to describe the associations between these features. The data were collected 3 years after the beginning of the SU.VI.MAX nutritional intervention study on 4912 volunteers (2868 women aged 3 5 4 0 years and 2044 men aged 45-60 years). A multiple correspondence analysis was performed to study the associations between the features. The results showed that these features correspond to a onedimensional phenomenon, which allowed us to establish a score to summarize skin sensitivity to sun exposure. Furthermore, we found a link between gender and phototype using the CCsarini classification (phototype 1 IV: 37% of women, 47% of men). The analysis of the relationship with sun-reactive skin features and the score revealed the same trend. Phenotypic evaluation appears to be a good estimator of skin sensitivity to sun exposure for clinical screening or for use in research, and is easy to collect at a lower cost. Moreover, the sun sensitivity difference between gender should be considered in education about photoprotection.
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2006
Objective This study aimed to examine the frequency of self-assessed facial skin sensitivity and ... more Objective This study aimed to examine the frequency of self-assessed facial skin sensitivity and its different patterns, and the relationship with gender and sun sensitivity in a general adult population. Methods A standardized 11-item questionnaire investigating reactions experienced during the past year was developed. The questions explored different patterns of skin sensitivity: pattern I (blushing related to vascular reactivity), pattern II (skin reactions to certain environmental conditions), pattern III (skin reactions after substance contact), and for women pattern IV ('breakout of spots' related to menstrual cycle). Additional items were addressed for women and men, including sun sensitivity. The questionnaire was administered to a large middle-aged population involved in the 'Supplément en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants' (SU.VI.MAX) cohort. Results Sensitive facial skin was reported by 61% of the women ( n = 5074) and 32% of the men ( n = 3448), and the frequency decreased with age. The frequency of patterns I, II and III was greater for women (78, 72 and 58%, respectively) than for men (56, 48 and 28%) of comparable classes of age. The frequency of pattern IV was reported by 49% of premenopausal women, and skin reactions after shaving by 41% of the men. Sun sensitivity was found to be a major component of skin sensitivity. Factor analysis showed that individuals with fair phototype frequently evoked reactions associated with pattern I, and skin redness and burning sensations were related to certain environmental conditions (pattern II). Conclusion Skin sensitivity is a common concern that declines with age and is relevant for men as well as for women.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 2010
The objective of this study was to assess the association between melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) ... more The objective of this study was to assess the association between melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) variants and the severity of facial skin photoaging. The study population comprised 530 middle-aged French women. A trained dermatologist graded the severity of facial skin photoaging from photographs using a global scale. Logistic regressions were performed to assess the influence of MC1R polymorphisms on severe photoaging with adjustment for possible confounders (demographic and phenotypic data and sun exposure intensity). Among the fifteen MC1R variants identified, the nine most common were V60L, V92M, R151C, R160W, R163Q, R142H, D294H, D84E, and I155T. One hundred and eighty-five individuals (35%) were WT homozygotes, 261 (49%) had one common variant, 78 (15%) had two common variants, and six (1%) had at least one rare variant. After adjustment for possible confounders, the presence of two common variants was already a risk factor for severe photoaging (AOR (95% confidence interval): 2.33 (1.17-4.63)). This risk reached 5.61 (1.43-21.96) when two major diminished-function variants were present. Surprisingly, the minor variant, V92M, was associated with increased risk of photoaging (2.57 (1.23-5.35)). Our results suggest that genetic variations of MC1R are important determinants for severe photoaging.
Food Quality and Preference, 2006
A reliable panel is required in sensory analysis. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new m... more A reliable panel is required in sensory analysis. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new methodology based on a mixed linear model to test various criteria of a panelÕs reliability. The developed method allows testing the global performance of the panel, and the individual performances of each judge in terms of discriminability and repeatability, severity or laxity, and agreement or disagreement with the panel. All the computations are implemented in an SAS Ò program. The results of the analysis are summarised in a set of tables in such a way that the panel leader can easily check and compare the judge performances.