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Papers by Laxmi Dhungel
International Journal of medicine and bi-medical sciences, Dec 31, 2017
International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 2017
Antimicrobial resistance is natural phenomenon that occurs when microorganisms are exposed to ant... more Antimicrobial resistance is natural phenomenon that occurs when microorganisms are exposed to antibiotic drugs. Under the selective pressure of antibiotics, susceptible bacteria are killed or inhibited, while bacteria that are naturally (or intrinsically) resistant or that have acquired antibiotic-resistant traits have a greater chance to survive and multiply. Many alarming facts regarding antimicrobial resistance have accumulated, particularly over the last few years some of which includes an increase in global resistance rates in many bacterial species responsible for both community- and healthcare-related infections, emergence and dissemination of new mechanisms of resistance, rapid increase in multi-resistance, propensity to use last line therapy to treat nosocomial and community acquired infections, reuse of old drugs with poor efficacy profile and uncertain pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics characteristics due to lack of alternative drugs, high morbidity and mortality attribut...
Nepal Journal of Biotechnology, 2019
Histoplasmosis, a fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum (H. capsulatum), acquired fro... more Histoplasmosis, a fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum (H. capsulatum), acquired from contaminated soil with droppings of chicken or birds and found to be distributed in many parts of the world. The prevalence of histoplasmosis has not well studied in Nepal. The common symptoms of acute and epidemic histoplasmosis include high fever, cough, and asthenia and weight loss. Most of the infections associated with histoplasmosis are asymptomatic. People with compromised immune systems such as HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), cancer, and organ transplant recipients are at risk of developing this disease. In this review, we have summarised the current status of histoplasmosis in Nepal and molecular techniques available for its identification. To date, the significant outbreak is not reported in Nepal, but the risk of infection for the vulnerable population cannot be undermined. Appropriate preventive measures and treatment on time can reduce the burden of this fungal disease. Further, this re...
International Journal of medicine and bi-medical sciences, Dec 31, 2017
International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 2017
Antimicrobial resistance is natural phenomenon that occurs when microorganisms are exposed to ant... more Antimicrobial resistance is natural phenomenon that occurs when microorganisms are exposed to antibiotic drugs. Under the selective pressure of antibiotics, susceptible bacteria are killed or inhibited, while bacteria that are naturally (or intrinsically) resistant or that have acquired antibiotic-resistant traits have a greater chance to survive and multiply. Many alarming facts regarding antimicrobial resistance have accumulated, particularly over the last few years some of which includes an increase in global resistance rates in many bacterial species responsible for both community- and healthcare-related infections, emergence and dissemination of new mechanisms of resistance, rapid increase in multi-resistance, propensity to use last line therapy to treat nosocomial and community acquired infections, reuse of old drugs with poor efficacy profile and uncertain pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics characteristics due to lack of alternative drugs, high morbidity and mortality attribut...
Nepal Journal of Biotechnology, 2019
Histoplasmosis, a fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum (H. capsulatum), acquired fro... more Histoplasmosis, a fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum (H. capsulatum), acquired from contaminated soil with droppings of chicken or birds and found to be distributed in many parts of the world. The prevalence of histoplasmosis has not well studied in Nepal. The common symptoms of acute and epidemic histoplasmosis include high fever, cough, and asthenia and weight loss. Most of the infections associated with histoplasmosis are asymptomatic. People with compromised immune systems such as HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), cancer, and organ transplant recipients are at risk of developing this disease. In this review, we have summarised the current status of histoplasmosis in Nepal and molecular techniques available for its identification. To date, the significant outbreak is not reported in Nepal, but the risk of infection for the vulnerable population cannot be undermined. Appropriate preventive measures and treatment on time can reduce the burden of this fungal disease. Further, this re...