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Papers by Lazaros Karnesis

Logistic regression analysis of risk factors related to Clostridium difficile&l... more Logistic regression analysis of risk factors related to Clostridium difficile infection among patients with diarrhea.</p

CDI: Clostridium difficile infection</p

Cox regression analysis of variables associated with time until development of CDI.</p

Primary and secondary variables of point-prevalence of each phase of the study.</p

Impact of solid tumor malignancy and Charlson’s Comorbidity Index score more than 6 on t... more Impact of solid tumor malignancy and Charlson’s Comorbidity Index score more than 6 on the time until development of CDI.</p

Copyright © 2014 Ilias Papakonstantinou et al. This is an open access article distributed under t... more Copyright © 2014 Ilias Papakonstantinou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Late onset combined immunodeficiency (LOCID) is a recently described variant of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), involving adult patients presenting with opportunistic infections and/or low CD4+ lymphocyte counts. A 36-year-old male with unremarkable past medical history presented with fever, respiratory failure, and lymphocytopenia. He was found to have Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP), subsequently complicated by recurrent hospital-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia and immune reconstitution phenomena, attributed to restoration of immunoglobulin levels. Clinicians should be aware of LOCID, which could be confused with HIV infection/AIDS or idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia. In the English bibliography there...

Objective: To determine the prevalence of anterior chest wall deformities in young Greek male sol... more Objective: To determine the prevalence of anterior chest wall deformities in young Greek male soldiers and to record the accompanying diseases. Methods: About 9.000 young male soldiers were included in our study. They were aged from 18 to 24 years. They all underwent a thorough clinical examination and a chest X-ray. By soldiers with clinically diagnosed pectus excavatum (PE) and pectus carinatum (PC) further examinations were performed including electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance tomography (MRI), and lung function tests. All soldiers with PE and PC were additionally examined by a specialist cardiologist, pulmonologist and thoracic surgeon. Results: Anterior chest wall deformities were detected in 0.22% of the examined soldiers. The ratio of PE versus PC was 5.6:1. In some cases the following diseases coexisted with PE: scoliosis in 23.5%, mitral valve prolapse in 17.6%, ophthalmological defects in 17.6%, right bundle branch bloc...

PLOS ONE, 2017

Background The correlation of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) with in-hospital morbidity is... more Background The correlation of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) with in-hospital morbidity is important in hospital settings where broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents are routinely used, such as PLOS ONE |

Case reports in medicine, 2014

Late onset combined immunodeficiency (LOCID) is a recently described variant of common variable i... more Late onset combined immunodeficiency (LOCID) is a recently described variant of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), involving adult patients presenting with opportunistic infections and/or low CD4+ lymphocyte counts. A 36-year-old male with unremarkable past medical history presented with fever, respiratory failure, and lymphocytopenia. He was found to have Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP), subsequently complicated by recurrent hospital-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia and immune reconstitution phenomena, attributed to restoration of immunoglobulin levels. Clinicians should be aware of LOCID, which could be confused with HIV infection/AIDS or idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia. In the English bibliography there is only one case report, where PJP was the initial presentation of CVID (that case would probably be classified as LOCID). Phenomena of immune reconstitution are described in various settings, including primary immunodeficiency, manifesting as temporary clinica...

Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals, 2006

Annals of Internal Medicine, 2010

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2002

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is characterized by intrinsic resistance to a variety of antimicrobi... more Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is characterized by intrinsic resistance to a variety of antimicrobials. Therapeutic options are often limited particularly after the emergence of isolates resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The application of colistin for infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens is limited due to its toxicity. In order to evaluate the activity of the interaction of colistin with rifampin or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole on S. maltophilia, 24 different isolates resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were in vitro exposed overtime to the combination of 1ϫ and 4ϫMIC of colistin with 2g/ml of rifampin or 2/38g/ml of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The applied concentrations for rifampin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole reflect their mean serum levels. Synergy of colistin and rifampin was documented after the first two hours of bacterial growth for approximately 60% of isolates and it occurred with both applied concentrations of colistin. The interaction of colistin and rifampin prevented regrowth observed when single colistin was applied. Synergy of colistin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was mainly found when colistin was applied at a concentration of 4ϫMIC involving 41.7% of isolates after 24 h of growth. In the presence of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole bacterial regrowth, observed when single colistin was applied, was prevented. It is concluded that growth of multidrug-resistant S. maltophilia is significantly inhibited by the interaction of colistin and rifampin and to a lesser extent of colistin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. These results merit further study in both the animal model and the clinical setting.

Respiratory Medicine CME, 2011

Amiodarone is a commonly used anti-arrhythmic agent, with well-recognized chronic toxicity. Amiod... more Amiodarone is a commonly used anti-arrhythmic agent, with well-recognized chronic toxicity. Amiodarone's potential to cause acute lung damage even though less known can be occasionally severe or life threatening. Herein, we report a case of a patient with fatal outcome who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and after a short course of therapy with amiodarone for postoperative ventricular tachycardia developed acute amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity.

Case reports in hematology, 2016

Hyperbilirubinemia is an adverse reaction of simeprevir (SMV). The majority of these patients wer... more Hyperbilirubinemia is an adverse reaction of simeprevir (SMV). The majority of these patients were taking concurrent ribavirin presenting elevated unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to hemolysis. However, cases of hepatic failure with elevated bilirubin level have also been reported in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. We describe a 51-year-old female patient with HbS beta 0-thalassemia and recently diagnosed compensated cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis C infection. Laboratory evaluation revealed total bilirubin: 2.7 mg/dL and serum HCV-RNA 137.204 IU/mL. HCV was genotyped as 4. A FibroScan revealed 35.3 kPa. She was considered as illegible for pegylated-interferon-free treatment with direct acting antivirals and a course with simeprevir and sofosbuvir (SOF) combination for twelve weeks was planned. Hyperbilirubinemia developed from the beginning with peak values during the 3rd month of treatment. However, no findings of liver decompensation were noticed. Hyperbilirubinemia ...

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2009

Although a wide variety of infectious agents have been implicated in the aetiology of acute pancr... more Although a wide variety of infectious agents have been implicated in the aetiology of acute pancreatitis, their true incidence is unknown because they coexist quite often with other noninfectious causes. Acute herpes simplex viral pancreatitis is a rarely encountered entity in the literature. We report a patient who developed acute pancreatitis and hepatitis in association with herpes simplex virus infection as well as cholestatic syndrome because of compression of the intrapancreatic part of the common bile duct by the oedematous pancreatic head. Herpes simplex virus infection, although a rare entity, should be included in the conditions causing acute pancreatitis, when common noninfectious factors have been excluded and hepatic inflammation coexists. Diagnostically, a combination of serum amylase or lipase elevation, more than three times over the upper normal limits, as well as serologic evidence of the infectious agent should exist. Dilatation of the biliary tree is not invariably compatible with a biliary cause of acute pancreatitis.

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