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Papers by Lekpa David
EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR)
The aim of this study was to assess the anxiety and locomotive activity using elevated plus maze ... more The aim of this study was to assess the anxiety and locomotive activity using elevated plus maze and open field tests in a konzo induced rat model. An experimental research method was used in this study. 20 male Wistar rats were used for this study. The twenty (20) albino Wistar rats were randomly selected into four groups of five rats each. Animal feeding was by oral ingestion. Animals were weighed with an electric weighing scale and the weights were recorded. Animals were closely observed for physical manifestations and clinical signs. Group 1 was the control group and the rats were fed with water and feed, group 2 was fed bitter cassava, group 3 was fed with bitter cassava and complain milk, while group 4 was fed with bitter cassava and bambara nut. The study lasted for 4 weeks and during this period, the weight and neurobehavioral assessment was done using weighing balance for weight determination, elevated plus maze and open field test for neurobehavioral assessment. Data was a...
Global Journal of Medical and Clinical Case Reports, 2021
Background: The understanding of Craniometry with its associated craniometric points and dimensio... more Background: The understanding of Craniometry with its associated craniometric points and dimensions have found immense applicable relevance in anthropology and neuroscience, ranging from growth determination, estimation of cranial deformities, personal biological profile identification and facial reconstructive surgeries, analysis of evolution of the human species in archeology as well as age variations. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the craniometric dimensions among adults’ subjects in Eastern Nigerian State. Methods: Research data was collected from Computed Tomography scans in the Radiological Department of Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria with strict adherence to inclusive and exclusive factors. A total number of 150 human CT scans were used in the findings. Craniometric parameters were calculated - derived from the two and three coordinate points for linear and angular measurements respectively. Results: Results revealed that age group 36-45 had the l...
Routledge eBooks, Oct 14, 2022
Saudi Journal of Biomedical Research
Background: The use of hormonal contraceptives is on the increase among women of reproductive age... more Background: The use of hormonal contraceptives is on the increase among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. In this study effort was made to examine the influence of combined oral contraceptives on some Red blood cell (RBC) parameters in women attending family planning unit. Materials and Methods: Data for this study were obtained through questionnaire administered on one hundred and twenty (120) respondents who were randomly purposively selected. The subjects blood samples were collected and analysed using appropriate techniques. One way ANOVA was adopted as statistical analysis method for the study. Results and Discussions: It was observed that while combined oral contraceptives therapy caused reduction in MCV value, MCHC was significantly raised. The significant increase in haematocrit value coupled with con-comitant reduction in haemoglobin concentration in circulation as reported by this study is of great advantage in terms of oxygen carrying and delivery capacity of red bloo...
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Oct 30, 2021
Cerebral palsy is non-progressive motor disability syndrome largely attributed to abnormal develo... more Cerebral palsy is non-progressive motor disability syndrome largely attributed to abnormal development or damage in one or more parts of the brain especially the cerebellum and frontal lobe of the cerebrum that control muscle tone and motor activity and causing variable mental, motor and behavioral dilemmas. The study aims to review the information on the varied causes, types and clinical manifestation, diagnostic examination and management in cerebral palsy children. Prominent clinical presentation in this study was delayed developmental milestones such as delayed and coordinated movement of limbs, speaking delay and ptosis. Causes were noted to be pronounced in children born with low weight, preterm babies, trauma, delay among other complications during labor.
Saudi journal of medicine, Apr 4, 2023
Introduction: There are millions of people in the world but no two humans are exactly alike not e... more Introduction: There are millions of people in the world but no two humans are exactly alike not even identical twins. Genetic variations in man are caused by several environmental factors acting alongside with selection, gene flow, genetic drift and migration. Studies have been done on morphogenetic traits such as the pattern of hand clasping in some parts of Africa and among some tribes in southern region of Nigeria but there is no available data on the pattern of hand clasping among the Idoma tribe of Benue State. Hence, this study aimed to determine the pattern of hand clasping among the Idoma people of Benue State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study was community-based, descriptive, and crosssectional with a sample size of 401. Data was collected using a closed-ended questionnaire that was administered by an interviewer following an examination of hand clasping pattern. Results and Discussion: The proportion of participants that expressed hand clasping with the left thumb on top was 16.7%, while right thumb on top was 83.3%. There were no significant socio-demographic characteristics among participants (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The study implies that hand clasping with the right thumb on top is a marked characteristic of the people of Idoma and, as such, can be used to identify them amongst other tribes where the identity of the tribes is not known ab initio.
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Konzo is a neurological disorder of selective upper motor neurons. It is an irreversible paralyti... more Konzo is a neurological disorder of selective upper motor neurons. It is an irreversible paralytic disease associated with prolonged consumption of Cassava. It contains cyanogenic glycosides metabolized to hydrogen cyanide, which has been shown by studies to affect the motor neurons of the central nervous system. The Irvine, Beattie Bresnahan (IBB) scale is a recently developed forelimb scale for the assessment of fine control of the forelimb and digits after cervical spinal cord injury such as Konzo. 20 Adult male Wistar rats were assigned to 4 experimental groups (i) control n=5, (ii) konzo-induced group n=5, (iii) induced + Complan n=5 (iv) Induced + Bambara Nut (Okpa). The bitter cassava foods were taken by oral ingestion for a period of 4 weeks. The assessment of the forelimb and digits were done using the Irvine, Beattie Bresnahan (IBB) with specific parameters such as Predominant Elbow Joint movement, Contact Volar Support, and Grasping method. The body weight of the animals ...
IBRO Reports, 2019
Analysis of the photomicrographs of the retina of the experimental animals demonstrating rhodopsi... more Analysis of the photomicrographs of the retina of the experimental animals demonstrating rhodopsin in the retina showed expression of rhodopsin in all the groups without observable significant aberrations. Glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP] immunohistochemistry was used to demonstrate the ganglion cells in the retina. Patterns of expression varied comparatively based on agents and doses. GFAP expression was relatively more prominent with higher doses of caffeine, nicotine and MDMA [C, E and G] relative to the lower doses [B, D and F respectively]. The Groups E and G that were administered MDMA had increased prominence of GFAP expression in a relatively less compact pattern when compared with B, C, D and E in their patterns of GFAP expression. With respect to retinal morphology: photomicrographs of the retina of the experimental animals did not show observable extensive disruptive changes across the groups especially in terms of the retinal cells, their layers and spatial organisations as well as the morphologies of the cells. There was relative thinning in groups that were administered each type of the high dose of psychoactive agents compared to those administered the lower doses. Partial retinal detachment with accompanying histoarchitectural disruption was also observed in the group treated with the lower dose of MDMA [F]. The whole retina thickness [um] varied in the treated groups relative to the control, Group A. Retina thickness was generally reduced when higher doses of caffeine, nicotine and MDMA were administered relative to the control and the group administered the lower doses in each instance. Specific measurements of the outer [ONL] and inner [ONL] nuclear layers also showed aberrations in thicknesses. The outer nuclear layer [ONL] was consistently thicker when the lower doses of the agents were administered both relative to the control and the groups administered the higher doses. Aberrations with statistical significance [P ≤ 0.05] were however noticed in forms of increase in the inner nuclear layer thickness in the treated groups that were administered caffeine and nicotine, relative to the control. The agents altered retina INC thickness and expression of GFAP but without extensive observable changes associated with typical pathological hallmarks of retina damage or degeneration. The observed changes however warrant further investigation towards understanding the potential functional consequences that could be attributable to the agents.
Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences
Background: Depression as it were having been defined as a common and serious medical illness tha... more Background: Depression as it were having been defined as a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and how you. The WHO in a fact sheet report has stated that depression is a common mental disorder and one of the main causes of disability worldwide. They added that globally, an estimated 264 million people are affected by depression. In 2020, an estimated 21.0 million adults in the United States had at least one major depressive episode. The pressure to perform well in school against all odds induces elements of depression when the results are not proportional to the efforts put into the study. Hence, this study was done to assess the level depression and suicidality amongst college students in the University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study was descriptive cross-sectional with a total of 104 students who were recruited conveniently from the College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harc...
International Journal of Researh and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI)., 2022
This study investigated the histological changes in the hippocampus of the brain in rats exposed ... more This study investigated the histological changes in the hippocampus of the brain in rats exposed to radiation using a plain x-ray. A total of 20 rats were used for the experiment. The rats were divided into four (4) groups (n=5). Group A is the control group while groups B-D were exposed to radiation (255kv) for a specific duration. Water Morris maze was used to assess the neurobehavioral changes in memory and learning. Histological procedures were carried out to see the changes in the histology of the hippocampus. Results show that there was a significant difference in the time taken for the rats to reach the cemented block between the four groups (F (3, 8) = 6.926, p<0.013). Post-hoc analysis using the Bonferroni methods further revealed that the time taken to reach the cemented block for rats in Group D (42.67±10.50 secs) was significantly different from rats in Group A (7.67±2.52 secs). This is also an indication of loss of memory. Histologically it was observed that there was degeneration of pyramidal cells in the hippocampus of the brain. Degenerating neurons were also observed. X-radiation has been shown to affect memory n this experiment.
The aim of the study was to assess patients’ response on the usefulness of biomedical equipment u... more The aim of the study was to assess patients’ response on the usefulness of biomedical equipment use in the rehabilitation of spinal cord injury in Port Harcourt. The study was carried out in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH) and Save-A-Life Mission Hospital, Rivers State. A total of 32 equipments were surveyed and how such treatment affects patients towards recovery was studied. The most prevalent equipment is hospital beds, crutches and wheelchairs with 13.2%, 7.8% and9.8% respectively. Overall, 57 SCI patients presented and the usefulness of biomedical equipment on SCI rehabilitation were surveyed. Majority of the patients agreed and strongly agreed that biomedical equipment is useful in SCI rehabilitation with percentage response of 31.5% and 56.1% for agree, strongly agree and less than 10% for disagree, strongly disagree and indifferent response by SCI patients. This tells of the importance of biomedical equi...
EPRA international journal of multidisciplinary research, May 20, 2022
Introduction: This research set out to evaluate the effects lifestyle has on stress in primary he... more Introduction: This research set out to evaluate the effects lifestyle has on stress in primary health care personnel's working in the public Health sector in a semi urban region of Rivers State, Nigeria, and if possible understand how diet as well as other intrinsic factors might help in the management of stress. Method: The Holmes and Rahe stress scale was administered, as well as other questions in a self-administered questionnaire to test for how Age, diet, food type, physical activity and sleep affected stress on the stress scale. The questionnaire was administered to 53 individuals (8 males and 45 females), with ages between 24-60 and data was evaluated based on several different criteria. Result: A low level stress was found to be higher (37.7%) in the age groups 25-34 and 35-44 (60.0% and 68.8% respectively). Men (87.5%) were found to have moderate to high level stress than the women (57.8%). Respondents with moderate to high levels stress had 50%-80% chance of major health breakdown within the next 2 years according to the Holmes and Rahe statistical predictor model which saw 35.7% of respondents who slept less than 7 hours a day had high levels of stress than does who slept more than 9 hours at night (28.6%). Regarding exercise, respondents who were inactive (30.8%) to low (43.5%) in terms of minutes per week of physical activity as well as those who were inconsistent (45.5%) with physical activities (in terms of number of times per week) had high levels of stress. Regarding body mass index (BMI) and stress, the risk for health breakdown within 2 years were observed as overweight/obese (64.5%) individuals had moderate to high levels of stress compared to normal (59.1%). Concerning dietary pattern, moderate to high levels stress were observed in semi vegetarian (100%), lacto-Ovo vegetarians (66.9%) and non-vegetarians (61.1%). Blood group was found to influence the way individuals dealt with the stress-with type O positive (68.7%) being the most sensitive, and type AB positive the least sensitive. Conclusion: Effectively knowing and practicing how to eliminate the negative factors of stress and modifying lifestyle especially sleep hours, food, physical activities in male population and the active age group can assure one of better health outcomes by reducing the chances of major health breakdown within 2 years.
Scholars international journal of anatomy and physiology, Mar 30, 2022
Introduction: Dichlorvos (DDVP), an active ingredient of Sniper insecticide, is commonly used in ... more Introduction: Dichlorvos (DDVP), an active ingredient of Sniper insecticide, is commonly used in Nigeria to control insects by killing them thereby preventing the spread of diseases. However, it can be highly toxic to humans when inhaled into the respiratory system which could elicit oxidative stress and cause respiratory infections. Vitamin C is known to be an anti-oxidant, capable of inhibiting oxidative stress. This study was aimed at investigating the ameliorating effect of vitamin C on dichlorvos-induced toxicity of the rat lung. Materials and methods: Forty (40) male wistar rats (weighing 150-200g) were recruited and randomly grouped into five (5) groups of eight (8) rats each. A group was the control; two groups were exposed to graded concentrations of DDVP while the last two groups were treated with vitamin C. Body weights were obtained before and after the period of 21-day exposure. After 21 days, histopathological and biochemical analysis were carried out to examine the level of toxicity of DDVP and effect of vitamin C treatment on the lung tissues. Results: Rat groups treated using vitamin C administration had significant improvements in body weights compared to DDVP-exposed groups. MDA levels as well as CATA and SOD activities increased significantly on vitamin C-treated rat groups (p < 0.05). Post treatment of rat groups with vitamin C showed that the lung histoarchitecture significantly improved. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Vitamin C could be a supplementary remedy in organophosphate (dichlorvos) poisoning through inhalation.
Scholars international journal of anatomy and physiology, Mar 30, 2022
International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal
Introduction: The present study is aimed at assessing the effect of bitter cassava on blood bioch... more Introduction: The present study is aimed at assessing the effect of bitter cassava on blood biochemical parameters of konzo disease induced Wistar rats. Nutritional modification with suphur rich amino acids was used as a measure to correct the impact in rats induced konzo disease. Method: 25 adult male wistar rats were assigned to 5 experimental groups (i) Control n=5, (ii) cassava only n=5, (iii) cassava + animal feed n=5, (iv) cassava + Eggshell + Brown beans n=5, (v) Eggshell + Brown Beans only n=5. The bitter cassava foods were taken by oral ingestion for a period of 4 weeks. The weights of the rats were checked through the experiment and blood samples were taken from each group into EDTA-lined containers and analyses for blood cyanide, methionine and cysteine levels. Results: There was significant difference in weight and there was a progressive increase in their success rate as against the cassava only group which decreased in their success rate, hence, differs statistically a...
International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal
Introduction: The present study is aimed at assessing the effect of bitter cassava on blood bioch... more Introduction: The present study is aimed at assessing the effect of bitter cassava on blood biochemical parameters of konzo disease induced Wistar rats. Nutritional modification with suphur rich amino acids was used as a measure to correct the impact in rats induced konzo disease. Method: 25 adult male wistar rats were assigned to 5 experimental groups (i) Control n=5, (ii) cassava only n=5, (iii) cassava + animal feed n=5, (iv) cassava + Eggshell + Brown beans n=5, (v) Eggshell + Brown Beans only n=5. The bitter cassava foods were taken by oral ingestion for a period of 4 weeks. The weights of the rats were checked through the experiment and blood samples were taken from each group into EDTA-lined containers and analyses for blood cyanide, methionine and cysteine levels. Results: There was significant difference in weight and there was a progressive increase in their success rate as against the cassava only group which decreased in their success rate, hence, differs statistically a...
Journal of advances in medical and pharmaceutical sciences, Mar 24, 2022
Ginkgo biloba supplement is a flavonoid-rich herbal supplement with several therapeutic potential... more Ginkgo biloba supplement is a flavonoid-rich herbal supplement with several therapeutic potentials. However, the efficacy of Ginkgo biloba supplement to protect the kidney and liver against cyclosporine-A induced toxicity is not fully understood. This study is to investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba supplement on Wistar rat induced hepato-renal toxicity. Twenty Wistar rats were randomly selected into four groups containing 5 wistar. Group 1 were given water (vehicle 10ml/kg body weight) and feed, group 2 were induced with Cyclosporine (CsA) (25mg/kg body weight), Ginkgo biloba supplement (GBS) (50mg/Kg body weight) was administered to group 3 and group 4 were administered with CsA (25mg/kg body weight) and GBS (50mg/kg body weight) coadministration for 15 days respectively. The animals were then anaesthetized with ketamine (70mg/kg body weight). The blood samples were collected into EDTA bottles for plasma biochemistry while liver and kidney tissues were also harvested and preserved in 10% formalin for histological examination. The data were subjected to descriptive statistics using one-way ANOVA
International Journal of Pharma Research and Health Sciences, Jun 29, 2021
EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR)
The aim of this study was to assess the anxiety and locomotive activity using elevated plus maze ... more The aim of this study was to assess the anxiety and locomotive activity using elevated plus maze and open field tests in a konzo induced rat model. An experimental research method was used in this study. 20 male Wistar rats were used for this study. The twenty (20) albino Wistar rats were randomly selected into four groups of five rats each. Animal feeding was by oral ingestion. Animals were weighed with an electric weighing scale and the weights were recorded. Animals were closely observed for physical manifestations and clinical signs. Group 1 was the control group and the rats were fed with water and feed, group 2 was fed bitter cassava, group 3 was fed with bitter cassava and complain milk, while group 4 was fed with bitter cassava and bambara nut. The study lasted for 4 weeks and during this period, the weight and neurobehavioral assessment was done using weighing balance for weight determination, elevated plus maze and open field test for neurobehavioral assessment. Data was a...
Global Journal of Medical and Clinical Case Reports, 2021
Background: The understanding of Craniometry with its associated craniometric points and dimensio... more Background: The understanding of Craniometry with its associated craniometric points and dimensions have found immense applicable relevance in anthropology and neuroscience, ranging from growth determination, estimation of cranial deformities, personal biological profile identification and facial reconstructive surgeries, analysis of evolution of the human species in archeology as well as age variations. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the craniometric dimensions among adults’ subjects in Eastern Nigerian State. Methods: Research data was collected from Computed Tomography scans in the Radiological Department of Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria with strict adherence to inclusive and exclusive factors. A total number of 150 human CT scans were used in the findings. Craniometric parameters were calculated - derived from the two and three coordinate points for linear and angular measurements respectively. Results: Results revealed that age group 36-45 had the l...
Routledge eBooks, Oct 14, 2022
Saudi Journal of Biomedical Research
Background: The use of hormonal contraceptives is on the increase among women of reproductive age... more Background: The use of hormonal contraceptives is on the increase among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. In this study effort was made to examine the influence of combined oral contraceptives on some Red blood cell (RBC) parameters in women attending family planning unit. Materials and Methods: Data for this study were obtained through questionnaire administered on one hundred and twenty (120) respondents who were randomly purposively selected. The subjects blood samples were collected and analysed using appropriate techniques. One way ANOVA was adopted as statistical analysis method for the study. Results and Discussions: It was observed that while combined oral contraceptives therapy caused reduction in MCV value, MCHC was significantly raised. The significant increase in haematocrit value coupled with con-comitant reduction in haemoglobin concentration in circulation as reported by this study is of great advantage in terms of oxygen carrying and delivery capacity of red bloo...
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Oct 30, 2021
Cerebral palsy is non-progressive motor disability syndrome largely attributed to abnormal develo... more Cerebral palsy is non-progressive motor disability syndrome largely attributed to abnormal development or damage in one or more parts of the brain especially the cerebellum and frontal lobe of the cerebrum that control muscle tone and motor activity and causing variable mental, motor and behavioral dilemmas. The study aims to review the information on the varied causes, types and clinical manifestation, diagnostic examination and management in cerebral palsy children. Prominent clinical presentation in this study was delayed developmental milestones such as delayed and coordinated movement of limbs, speaking delay and ptosis. Causes were noted to be pronounced in children born with low weight, preterm babies, trauma, delay among other complications during labor.
Saudi journal of medicine, Apr 4, 2023
Introduction: There are millions of people in the world but no two humans are exactly alike not e... more Introduction: There are millions of people in the world but no two humans are exactly alike not even identical twins. Genetic variations in man are caused by several environmental factors acting alongside with selection, gene flow, genetic drift and migration. Studies have been done on morphogenetic traits such as the pattern of hand clasping in some parts of Africa and among some tribes in southern region of Nigeria but there is no available data on the pattern of hand clasping among the Idoma tribe of Benue State. Hence, this study aimed to determine the pattern of hand clasping among the Idoma people of Benue State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study was community-based, descriptive, and crosssectional with a sample size of 401. Data was collected using a closed-ended questionnaire that was administered by an interviewer following an examination of hand clasping pattern. Results and Discussion: The proportion of participants that expressed hand clasping with the left thumb on top was 16.7%, while right thumb on top was 83.3%. There were no significant socio-demographic characteristics among participants (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The study implies that hand clasping with the right thumb on top is a marked characteristic of the people of Idoma and, as such, can be used to identify them amongst other tribes where the identity of the tribes is not known ab initio.
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Konzo is a neurological disorder of selective upper motor neurons. It is an irreversible paralyti... more Konzo is a neurological disorder of selective upper motor neurons. It is an irreversible paralytic disease associated with prolonged consumption of Cassava. It contains cyanogenic glycosides metabolized to hydrogen cyanide, which has been shown by studies to affect the motor neurons of the central nervous system. The Irvine, Beattie Bresnahan (IBB) scale is a recently developed forelimb scale for the assessment of fine control of the forelimb and digits after cervical spinal cord injury such as Konzo. 20 Adult male Wistar rats were assigned to 4 experimental groups (i) control n=5, (ii) konzo-induced group n=5, (iii) induced + Complan n=5 (iv) Induced + Bambara Nut (Okpa). The bitter cassava foods were taken by oral ingestion for a period of 4 weeks. The assessment of the forelimb and digits were done using the Irvine, Beattie Bresnahan (IBB) with specific parameters such as Predominant Elbow Joint movement, Contact Volar Support, and Grasping method. The body weight of the animals ...
IBRO Reports, 2019
Analysis of the photomicrographs of the retina of the experimental animals demonstrating rhodopsi... more Analysis of the photomicrographs of the retina of the experimental animals demonstrating rhodopsin in the retina showed expression of rhodopsin in all the groups without observable significant aberrations. Glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP] immunohistochemistry was used to demonstrate the ganglion cells in the retina. Patterns of expression varied comparatively based on agents and doses. GFAP expression was relatively more prominent with higher doses of caffeine, nicotine and MDMA [C, E and G] relative to the lower doses [B, D and F respectively]. The Groups E and G that were administered MDMA had increased prominence of GFAP expression in a relatively less compact pattern when compared with B, C, D and E in their patterns of GFAP expression. With respect to retinal morphology: photomicrographs of the retina of the experimental animals did not show observable extensive disruptive changes across the groups especially in terms of the retinal cells, their layers and spatial organisations as well as the morphologies of the cells. There was relative thinning in groups that were administered each type of the high dose of psychoactive agents compared to those administered the lower doses. Partial retinal detachment with accompanying histoarchitectural disruption was also observed in the group treated with the lower dose of MDMA [F]. The whole retina thickness [um] varied in the treated groups relative to the control, Group A. Retina thickness was generally reduced when higher doses of caffeine, nicotine and MDMA were administered relative to the control and the group administered the lower doses in each instance. Specific measurements of the outer [ONL] and inner [ONL] nuclear layers also showed aberrations in thicknesses. The outer nuclear layer [ONL] was consistently thicker when the lower doses of the agents were administered both relative to the control and the groups administered the higher doses. Aberrations with statistical significance [P ≤ 0.05] were however noticed in forms of increase in the inner nuclear layer thickness in the treated groups that were administered caffeine and nicotine, relative to the control. The agents altered retina INC thickness and expression of GFAP but without extensive observable changes associated with typical pathological hallmarks of retina damage or degeneration. The observed changes however warrant further investigation towards understanding the potential functional consequences that could be attributable to the agents.
Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences
Background: Depression as it were having been defined as a common and serious medical illness tha... more Background: Depression as it were having been defined as a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and how you. The WHO in a fact sheet report has stated that depression is a common mental disorder and one of the main causes of disability worldwide. They added that globally, an estimated 264 million people are affected by depression. In 2020, an estimated 21.0 million adults in the United States had at least one major depressive episode. The pressure to perform well in school against all odds induces elements of depression when the results are not proportional to the efforts put into the study. Hence, this study was done to assess the level depression and suicidality amongst college students in the University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study was descriptive cross-sectional with a total of 104 students who were recruited conveniently from the College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harc...
International Journal of Researh and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI)., 2022
This study investigated the histological changes in the hippocampus of the brain in rats exposed ... more This study investigated the histological changes in the hippocampus of the brain in rats exposed to radiation using a plain x-ray. A total of 20 rats were used for the experiment. The rats were divided into four (4) groups (n=5). Group A is the control group while groups B-D were exposed to radiation (255kv) for a specific duration. Water Morris maze was used to assess the neurobehavioral changes in memory and learning. Histological procedures were carried out to see the changes in the histology of the hippocampus. Results show that there was a significant difference in the time taken for the rats to reach the cemented block between the four groups (F (3, 8) = 6.926, p<0.013). Post-hoc analysis using the Bonferroni methods further revealed that the time taken to reach the cemented block for rats in Group D (42.67±10.50 secs) was significantly different from rats in Group A (7.67±2.52 secs). This is also an indication of loss of memory. Histologically it was observed that there was degeneration of pyramidal cells in the hippocampus of the brain. Degenerating neurons were also observed. X-radiation has been shown to affect memory n this experiment.
The aim of the study was to assess patients’ response on the usefulness of biomedical equipment u... more The aim of the study was to assess patients’ response on the usefulness of biomedical equipment use in the rehabilitation of spinal cord injury in Port Harcourt. The study was carried out in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH) and Save-A-Life Mission Hospital, Rivers State. A total of 32 equipments were surveyed and how such treatment affects patients towards recovery was studied. The most prevalent equipment is hospital beds, crutches and wheelchairs with 13.2%, 7.8% and9.8% respectively. Overall, 57 SCI patients presented and the usefulness of biomedical equipment on SCI rehabilitation were surveyed. Majority of the patients agreed and strongly agreed that biomedical equipment is useful in SCI rehabilitation with percentage response of 31.5% and 56.1% for agree, strongly agree and less than 10% for disagree, strongly disagree and indifferent response by SCI patients. This tells of the importance of biomedical equi...
EPRA international journal of multidisciplinary research, May 20, 2022
Introduction: This research set out to evaluate the effects lifestyle has on stress in primary he... more Introduction: This research set out to evaluate the effects lifestyle has on stress in primary health care personnel's working in the public Health sector in a semi urban region of Rivers State, Nigeria, and if possible understand how diet as well as other intrinsic factors might help in the management of stress. Method: The Holmes and Rahe stress scale was administered, as well as other questions in a self-administered questionnaire to test for how Age, diet, food type, physical activity and sleep affected stress on the stress scale. The questionnaire was administered to 53 individuals (8 males and 45 females), with ages between 24-60 and data was evaluated based on several different criteria. Result: A low level stress was found to be higher (37.7%) in the age groups 25-34 and 35-44 (60.0% and 68.8% respectively). Men (87.5%) were found to have moderate to high level stress than the women (57.8%). Respondents with moderate to high levels stress had 50%-80% chance of major health breakdown within the next 2 years according to the Holmes and Rahe statistical predictor model which saw 35.7% of respondents who slept less than 7 hours a day had high levels of stress than does who slept more than 9 hours at night (28.6%). Regarding exercise, respondents who were inactive (30.8%) to low (43.5%) in terms of minutes per week of physical activity as well as those who were inconsistent (45.5%) with physical activities (in terms of number of times per week) had high levels of stress. Regarding body mass index (BMI) and stress, the risk for health breakdown within 2 years were observed as overweight/obese (64.5%) individuals had moderate to high levels of stress compared to normal (59.1%). Concerning dietary pattern, moderate to high levels stress were observed in semi vegetarian (100%), lacto-Ovo vegetarians (66.9%) and non-vegetarians (61.1%). Blood group was found to influence the way individuals dealt with the stress-with type O positive (68.7%) being the most sensitive, and type AB positive the least sensitive. Conclusion: Effectively knowing and practicing how to eliminate the negative factors of stress and modifying lifestyle especially sleep hours, food, physical activities in male population and the active age group can assure one of better health outcomes by reducing the chances of major health breakdown within 2 years.
Scholars international journal of anatomy and physiology, Mar 30, 2022
Introduction: Dichlorvos (DDVP), an active ingredient of Sniper insecticide, is commonly used in ... more Introduction: Dichlorvos (DDVP), an active ingredient of Sniper insecticide, is commonly used in Nigeria to control insects by killing them thereby preventing the spread of diseases. However, it can be highly toxic to humans when inhaled into the respiratory system which could elicit oxidative stress and cause respiratory infections. Vitamin C is known to be an anti-oxidant, capable of inhibiting oxidative stress. This study was aimed at investigating the ameliorating effect of vitamin C on dichlorvos-induced toxicity of the rat lung. Materials and methods: Forty (40) male wistar rats (weighing 150-200g) were recruited and randomly grouped into five (5) groups of eight (8) rats each. A group was the control; two groups were exposed to graded concentrations of DDVP while the last two groups were treated with vitamin C. Body weights were obtained before and after the period of 21-day exposure. After 21 days, histopathological and biochemical analysis were carried out to examine the level of toxicity of DDVP and effect of vitamin C treatment on the lung tissues. Results: Rat groups treated using vitamin C administration had significant improvements in body weights compared to DDVP-exposed groups. MDA levels as well as CATA and SOD activities increased significantly on vitamin C-treated rat groups (p < 0.05). Post treatment of rat groups with vitamin C showed that the lung histoarchitecture significantly improved. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Vitamin C could be a supplementary remedy in organophosphate (dichlorvos) poisoning through inhalation.
Scholars international journal of anatomy and physiology, Mar 30, 2022
International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal
Introduction: The present study is aimed at assessing the effect of bitter cassava on blood bioch... more Introduction: The present study is aimed at assessing the effect of bitter cassava on blood biochemical parameters of konzo disease induced Wistar rats. Nutritional modification with suphur rich amino acids was used as a measure to correct the impact in rats induced konzo disease. Method: 25 adult male wistar rats were assigned to 5 experimental groups (i) Control n=5, (ii) cassava only n=5, (iii) cassava + animal feed n=5, (iv) cassava + Eggshell + Brown beans n=5, (v) Eggshell + Brown Beans only n=5. The bitter cassava foods were taken by oral ingestion for a period of 4 weeks. The weights of the rats were checked through the experiment and blood samples were taken from each group into EDTA-lined containers and analyses for blood cyanide, methionine and cysteine levels. Results: There was significant difference in weight and there was a progressive increase in their success rate as against the cassava only group which decreased in their success rate, hence, differs statistically a...
International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal
Introduction: The present study is aimed at assessing the effect of bitter cassava on blood bioch... more Introduction: The present study is aimed at assessing the effect of bitter cassava on blood biochemical parameters of konzo disease induced Wistar rats. Nutritional modification with suphur rich amino acids was used as a measure to correct the impact in rats induced konzo disease. Method: 25 adult male wistar rats were assigned to 5 experimental groups (i) Control n=5, (ii) cassava only n=5, (iii) cassava + animal feed n=5, (iv) cassava + Eggshell + Brown beans n=5, (v) Eggshell + Brown Beans only n=5. The bitter cassava foods were taken by oral ingestion for a period of 4 weeks. The weights of the rats were checked through the experiment and blood samples were taken from each group into EDTA-lined containers and analyses for blood cyanide, methionine and cysteine levels. Results: There was significant difference in weight and there was a progressive increase in their success rate as against the cassava only group which decreased in their success rate, hence, differs statistically a...
Journal of advances in medical and pharmaceutical sciences, Mar 24, 2022
Ginkgo biloba supplement is a flavonoid-rich herbal supplement with several therapeutic potential... more Ginkgo biloba supplement is a flavonoid-rich herbal supplement with several therapeutic potentials. However, the efficacy of Ginkgo biloba supplement to protect the kidney and liver against cyclosporine-A induced toxicity is not fully understood. This study is to investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba supplement on Wistar rat induced hepato-renal toxicity. Twenty Wistar rats were randomly selected into four groups containing 5 wistar. Group 1 were given water (vehicle 10ml/kg body weight) and feed, group 2 were induced with Cyclosporine (CsA) (25mg/kg body weight), Ginkgo biloba supplement (GBS) (50mg/Kg body weight) was administered to group 3 and group 4 were administered with CsA (25mg/kg body weight) and GBS (50mg/kg body weight) coadministration for 15 days respectively. The animals were then anaesthetized with ketamine (70mg/kg body weight). The blood samples were collected into EDTA bottles for plasma biochemistry while liver and kidney tissues were also harvested and preserved in 10% formalin for histological examination. The data were subjected to descriptive statistics using one-way ANOVA
International Journal of Pharma Research and Health Sciences, Jun 29, 2021