Lily Xiao - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Lily Xiao
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Older people in nursing homes are at a high risk of being infected by coronavirus disease 2019 (C... more Older people in nursing homes are at a high risk of being infected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). They also experienced nursing home lockdowns that harm their psychological wellbeing. Better support for this vulnerable population requires understanding their perceptions of challenges and coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted using semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the data. Participants were recruited from six nursing homes in three cities in Hunan Province, China. Fourteen nursing home residents participated in the study. Four themes were identified from interviews and described as: mental stress and coping strategies, self-regulation to respond to lockdown, the lack of social connection and coping strategies, and the need for medical care services and coping strategies. This study revealed that nursing home residents perceived stress during the nursing home lockdown, but they ...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Frontiers in Public Health
ObjectiveMaintaining and delaying a decline in physical function in older adults is critical for ... more ObjectiveMaintaining and delaying a decline in physical function in older adults is critical for healthy aging. This study aimed to explore trajectories, critical points of the trajectory changes, and predictors among older people in the Chinese community.DesignThis study was one with a longitudinal design performed in China.Setting and participantsThe target population was community-dwelling older adults aged over 65 years. A total of 2,503 older adults from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were included in this study.MethodsPhysical functioning was measured by instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Population-based trajectory models were used to identify potential heterogeneity in longitudinal changes over 16 years and to investigate associations between baseline predictors and different trajectories for different cohort members using LASSO regression and logistic regression.ResultsFour trajectories of physical function were identified: slow decli...
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 2022
ObjectiveThis prediction model quantifies the risk of cognitive impairment. This aim of this stud... more ObjectiveThis prediction model quantifies the risk of cognitive impairment. This aim of this study was to develop and validate a prediction model to calculate the 6-year risk of cognitive impairment.MethodsParticipants from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) 2008–2014 and 2011–2018 surveys were included for developing the cognitive impairment prediction model. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, clinical knowledge, and previous experience were performed to select predictors. The Cox proportional hazard model and Fine-Gray analysis adjusting for death were conducted to construct the model. The discriminative ability was measured using C-statistics. The model was evaluated externally using the temporal validation method via the CLHLS 2002–2008 survey. A nomogram was conducted to enhance the practical use. The population attributable fraction was calculated.ResultsA total of 10,053 older adults were included for model development. During a median...
Intervention recordâ community nurse and GP version. (DOCX 30 kb)
Usual care table. (DOCX 19 kb)
Additional file 2. Stroke Health Coaching Diary.
Health & Social Care in the Community
The aim of the study was to understand older Chinese migrants’ perceptions of social cohesion and... more The aim of the study was to understand older Chinese migrants’ perceptions of social cohesion and access to health to manage chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. This study employed a qualitative descriptive study design. Participants were recruited from a Chinese community organisation in an Australian state. Data were collected via online interviews with participants using Zoom and WeChat Apps. A semistructured interview guide informed by the social determinants of health framework was used in the interview. The data collection period was between August and October, 2020. Thematic analysis was used in data analysis. In total, 24 participants including 17 older Chinese migrants with noncommunicable chronic diseases and seven family carers participated in the study. Of the 17 older Chinese migrants, 10 were male and seven were female. Their mean age was 76 years (ranging from 65 to 86) and they spoke little English. All seven carers were females with a mean ag...
Background Studies revealed that supporting residents fulfilling self-determination is positively... more Background Studies revealed that supporting residents fulfilling self-determination is positively associated with their health, wellbeing and quality of life. Cross-cultural care poses significant challenges for nursing home residents to fulfil their self-determination in control of own care and maintaining meaningful connections with others. The aim of the study was to compare factors affecting residents fulfilling self-determination in ethno-specific and mainstream nursing homes. Methods A qualitative descriptive approach was applied to the study. Culturally competent care and person-centred care were employed as guiding frameworks. Individual interviews or a focus group with residents and family members were conducted to collect data. Results In total, 29 participants participated in the study. Three main themes were identified: communicating needs and preferences; mastering own care; and maintaining meaningful relationships. Each theme includes sub-themes that detail similaritie...
Intervention diaryâ patient version. (DOCX 27 kb)
SPIRIT checklist. (PDF 806 kb)
SPIRIT 2013 Checklist. (DOC 138 kb)
Additional file 3. The model of consent form.
Additional file 1. SPIRIT checklist.
Journal of Nursing Management, 2020
AIMS The aims of this review were to identify: (1) challenges for multicultural aged care teams; ... more AIMS The aims of this review were to identify: (1) challenges for multicultural aged care teams; (2) opportunities to facilitate teamwork; and (3) strategies to assist team members in a multicultural work environment. BACKGROUND High-income countries have an increasingly culturally diverse aged care workforce. Fostering teamwork in such an environment is challenging. METHODS This systematic review of qualitative studies followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) meta-aggregation approach. Six databases were searched. Retrieved articles were screened by two reviewers. This review identified 111 findings that were aggregated into 15 categories and five themes. FINDINGS Aged care workers' awareness of cultural diversity varies, and their knowledge of each other's cultural background is limited. However, cultural skills are demonstrated, contributing to teamwork. Their experience in cross-cultural encounters is broad and enhanced team cohesion is desired. CONCLUSIONS The cultural competence of the aged care workforce shapes team building, peer support opportunities, and positive cross-cultural experiences. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Recommendations are provided for the adaptation of aged care workers to culturally diverse teams, fostering teamwork to enhance care outcomes for clients. Interventions for improvements in cross-cultural leadership and management, and staff experience of cross-cultural encounters are much needed.
Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2015
Aim. To explore community-dwelling first-time stroke survivors and family caregivers' perceptions... more Aim. To explore community-dwelling first-time stroke survivors and family caregivers' perceptions of being engaged in stroke rehabilitation. Background. Stroke is recognized as a worldwide common healthcare problem and the leading cause of adult disability. An holistic approach to rehabilitation can only be achieved by engaging stroke survivors and caregivers in all stages of recovery and by providing ongoing coordinated rehabilitation programmes. Design. An interpretive study design was applied to the study. Method. In-depth semi-structured interviews with 22 community-dwelling firsttime stroke survivors and caregivers were conducted in 2013. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and analysed using a thematic analysis. Findings. Four major themes were identified. First, participants demonstrated low health literacy in stroke and their needs to learn about the disease and rehabilitation were usually ignored in busy clinical settings prior to discharge from hospital. Second, there was a lack of communication and continuity of treatment when the stroke survivors were transferred from one institution to another. Third, challenged with fragmented post-discharge rehabilitation services, the participants perceived that nurse-led coordination of rehabilitation was desirable. Fourth, participants perceived ongoing changing of rehabilitation goals in different stages of recovery. They expected to be engaged in ongoing rehabilitation planning and programmes. Conclusion. The findings of this study challenge service providers to realize a true partnership with stroke survivors and caregivers by working with them as one team that is led by nurses. Making the necessary changes requires mutual effort at both the systemic and individual levels with rehabilitation nurse-led coordination of rehabilitation programmes.
Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.), Jan 21, 2015
The aim of this study was to investigate caregiver distress in reacting to the care recipient'... more The aim of this study was to investigate caregiver distress in reacting to the care recipient's behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and factors contributing to caregiver distress in the community setting in China. One hundred and fifty-two family caregivers of people with dementia in community settings were assessed using the Chinese version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire and the Social Support Rating Scale. The prevalence of BPSD and caregiver distress in reacting to BPSD was higher in China than those reported in high income countries. The most common individual BPSD were apathy/indifference, depression/dysphoria and night-time behaviors. Delusions, hallucinations and apathy/indifference were rated as the most distressing to caregivers. BPSD contributed most to caregiver distress. The high level of caregiver distress identified in this study suggests that dementia services and caregiver support should be established in the public healthcar...
American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, Jan 24, 2015
Most caregiver interventions in a multicultural society are designed to target caregivers from th... more Most caregiver interventions in a multicultural society are designed to target caregivers from the mainstream culture and exclude those who are unable to speak English. This study addressed the gap by testing the hypothesis that personalized caregiver support provided by a team led by a care coordinator of the person with dementia would improve competence for caregivers from minority groups in managing dementia. A randomised controlled trial was utilised to test the hypothesis. Sixty-one family caregivers from 10 minority groups completed the trial. Outcome variables were measured prior to the intervention, at 6 and 12 months after the commencement of trial. A linear mixed effect model was used to estimate the effectiveness of the intervention. The intervention group showed a significant increase in the caregivers' sense of competence and mental components of quality of life. There were no significant differences in the caregivers' physical components of quality of life.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1998
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Older people in nursing homes are at a high risk of being infected by coronavirus disease 2019 (C... more Older people in nursing homes are at a high risk of being infected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). They also experienced nursing home lockdowns that harm their psychological wellbeing. Better support for this vulnerable population requires understanding their perceptions of challenges and coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted using semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the data. Participants were recruited from six nursing homes in three cities in Hunan Province, China. Fourteen nursing home residents participated in the study. Four themes were identified from interviews and described as: mental stress and coping strategies, self-regulation to respond to lockdown, the lack of social connection and coping strategies, and the need for medical care services and coping strategies. This study revealed that nursing home residents perceived stress during the nursing home lockdown, but they ...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Frontiers in Public Health
ObjectiveMaintaining and delaying a decline in physical function in older adults is critical for ... more ObjectiveMaintaining and delaying a decline in physical function in older adults is critical for healthy aging. This study aimed to explore trajectories, critical points of the trajectory changes, and predictors among older people in the Chinese community.DesignThis study was one with a longitudinal design performed in China.Setting and participantsThe target population was community-dwelling older adults aged over 65 years. A total of 2,503 older adults from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were included in this study.MethodsPhysical functioning was measured by instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Population-based trajectory models were used to identify potential heterogeneity in longitudinal changes over 16 years and to investigate associations between baseline predictors and different trajectories for different cohort members using LASSO regression and logistic regression.ResultsFour trajectories of physical function were identified: slow decli...
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 2022
ObjectiveThis prediction model quantifies the risk of cognitive impairment. This aim of this stud... more ObjectiveThis prediction model quantifies the risk of cognitive impairment. This aim of this study was to develop and validate a prediction model to calculate the 6-year risk of cognitive impairment.MethodsParticipants from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) 2008–2014 and 2011–2018 surveys were included for developing the cognitive impairment prediction model. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, clinical knowledge, and previous experience were performed to select predictors. The Cox proportional hazard model and Fine-Gray analysis adjusting for death were conducted to construct the model. The discriminative ability was measured using C-statistics. The model was evaluated externally using the temporal validation method via the CLHLS 2002–2008 survey. A nomogram was conducted to enhance the practical use. The population attributable fraction was calculated.ResultsA total of 10,053 older adults were included for model development. During a median...
Intervention recordâ community nurse and GP version. (DOCX 30 kb)
Usual care table. (DOCX 19 kb)
Additional file 2. Stroke Health Coaching Diary.
Health & Social Care in the Community
The aim of the study was to understand older Chinese migrants’ perceptions of social cohesion and... more The aim of the study was to understand older Chinese migrants’ perceptions of social cohesion and access to health to manage chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. This study employed a qualitative descriptive study design. Participants were recruited from a Chinese community organisation in an Australian state. Data were collected via online interviews with participants using Zoom and WeChat Apps. A semistructured interview guide informed by the social determinants of health framework was used in the interview. The data collection period was between August and October, 2020. Thematic analysis was used in data analysis. In total, 24 participants including 17 older Chinese migrants with noncommunicable chronic diseases and seven family carers participated in the study. Of the 17 older Chinese migrants, 10 were male and seven were female. Their mean age was 76 years (ranging from 65 to 86) and they spoke little English. All seven carers were females with a mean ag...
Background Studies revealed that supporting residents fulfilling self-determination is positively... more Background Studies revealed that supporting residents fulfilling self-determination is positively associated with their health, wellbeing and quality of life. Cross-cultural care poses significant challenges for nursing home residents to fulfil their self-determination in control of own care and maintaining meaningful connections with others. The aim of the study was to compare factors affecting residents fulfilling self-determination in ethno-specific and mainstream nursing homes. Methods A qualitative descriptive approach was applied to the study. Culturally competent care and person-centred care were employed as guiding frameworks. Individual interviews or a focus group with residents and family members were conducted to collect data. Results In total, 29 participants participated in the study. Three main themes were identified: communicating needs and preferences; mastering own care; and maintaining meaningful relationships. Each theme includes sub-themes that detail similaritie...
Intervention diaryâ patient version. (DOCX 27 kb)
SPIRIT checklist. (PDF 806 kb)
SPIRIT 2013 Checklist. (DOC 138 kb)
Additional file 3. The model of consent form.
Additional file 1. SPIRIT checklist.
Journal of Nursing Management, 2020
AIMS The aims of this review were to identify: (1) challenges for multicultural aged care teams; ... more AIMS The aims of this review were to identify: (1) challenges for multicultural aged care teams; (2) opportunities to facilitate teamwork; and (3) strategies to assist team members in a multicultural work environment. BACKGROUND High-income countries have an increasingly culturally diverse aged care workforce. Fostering teamwork in such an environment is challenging. METHODS This systematic review of qualitative studies followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) meta-aggregation approach. Six databases were searched. Retrieved articles were screened by two reviewers. This review identified 111 findings that were aggregated into 15 categories and five themes. FINDINGS Aged care workers' awareness of cultural diversity varies, and their knowledge of each other's cultural background is limited. However, cultural skills are demonstrated, contributing to teamwork. Their experience in cross-cultural encounters is broad and enhanced team cohesion is desired. CONCLUSIONS The cultural competence of the aged care workforce shapes team building, peer support opportunities, and positive cross-cultural experiences. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Recommendations are provided for the adaptation of aged care workers to culturally diverse teams, fostering teamwork to enhance care outcomes for clients. Interventions for improvements in cross-cultural leadership and management, and staff experience of cross-cultural encounters are much needed.
Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2015
Aim. To explore community-dwelling first-time stroke survivors and family caregivers' perceptions... more Aim. To explore community-dwelling first-time stroke survivors and family caregivers' perceptions of being engaged in stroke rehabilitation. Background. Stroke is recognized as a worldwide common healthcare problem and the leading cause of adult disability. An holistic approach to rehabilitation can only be achieved by engaging stroke survivors and caregivers in all stages of recovery and by providing ongoing coordinated rehabilitation programmes. Design. An interpretive study design was applied to the study. Method. In-depth semi-structured interviews with 22 community-dwelling firsttime stroke survivors and caregivers were conducted in 2013. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and analysed using a thematic analysis. Findings. Four major themes were identified. First, participants demonstrated low health literacy in stroke and their needs to learn about the disease and rehabilitation were usually ignored in busy clinical settings prior to discharge from hospital. Second, there was a lack of communication and continuity of treatment when the stroke survivors were transferred from one institution to another. Third, challenged with fragmented post-discharge rehabilitation services, the participants perceived that nurse-led coordination of rehabilitation was desirable. Fourth, participants perceived ongoing changing of rehabilitation goals in different stages of recovery. They expected to be engaged in ongoing rehabilitation planning and programmes. Conclusion. The findings of this study challenge service providers to realize a true partnership with stroke survivors and caregivers by working with them as one team that is led by nurses. Making the necessary changes requires mutual effort at both the systemic and individual levels with rehabilitation nurse-led coordination of rehabilitation programmes.
Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.), Jan 21, 2015
The aim of this study was to investigate caregiver distress in reacting to the care recipient'... more The aim of this study was to investigate caregiver distress in reacting to the care recipient's behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and factors contributing to caregiver distress in the community setting in China. One hundred and fifty-two family caregivers of people with dementia in community settings were assessed using the Chinese version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire and the Social Support Rating Scale. The prevalence of BPSD and caregiver distress in reacting to BPSD was higher in China than those reported in high income countries. The most common individual BPSD were apathy/indifference, depression/dysphoria and night-time behaviors. Delusions, hallucinations and apathy/indifference were rated as the most distressing to caregivers. BPSD contributed most to caregiver distress. The high level of caregiver distress identified in this study suggests that dementia services and caregiver support should be established in the public healthcar...
American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, Jan 24, 2015
Most caregiver interventions in a multicultural society are designed to target caregivers from th... more Most caregiver interventions in a multicultural society are designed to target caregivers from the mainstream culture and exclude those who are unable to speak English. This study addressed the gap by testing the hypothesis that personalized caregiver support provided by a team led by a care coordinator of the person with dementia would improve competence for caregivers from minority groups in managing dementia. A randomised controlled trial was utilised to test the hypothesis. Sixty-one family caregivers from 10 minority groups completed the trial. Outcome variables were measured prior to the intervention, at 6 and 12 months after the commencement of trial. A linear mixed effect model was used to estimate the effectiveness of the intervention. The intervention group showed a significant increase in the caregivers' sense of competence and mental components of quality of life. There were no significant differences in the caregivers' physical components of quality of life.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1998