Linda Bellamy - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Linda Bellamy
Chemical Engineering Transactions, 2019
Accident investigation reports from the Dutch Labour Inspectorate are used by the Dutch National ... more Accident investigation reports from the Dutch Labour Inspectorate are used by the Dutch National Institute for Public Health & Environment (RIVM) to analyse major hazard chemical accidents in a structured way. The purpose of the analyses is to improve understanding of accident causes and of ways to improve detection of major accident precursors. A bow-tie framework was developed in a collaborative process of engineers, psychologists and inspectors over many years. The nature of the model is that it combines technical, human and management components while preserving the temporal sequence of events of each accident scenario. Six lines of defence define the causal pathway from initiating events to accident and impact on man and environment. Different safety barriers in these lines of defence represent the different ways in which the lines of defence can fail or be successful. Sets of underlying human, management and organisational factors are provided at barrier level to better unders...
Safety and Reliability, 2003
s: Two abstracts are provided, the first presents the outcome" of a comparative study of APJ... more s: Two abstracts are provided, the first presents the outcome" of a comparative study of APJ, PC and SLIM. This indicated that the group median Absolute Probability Judgements were accurate to within a factor of ±4 for about 60% of the occasions, and always within a factor of ±10. The second abstract describes an offshore depressurisation study evaluating human error probabilities in emergency situations on a proposed offshore platform.
Safety Science, 2014
A method and its results for quantifying occupational risk owing to falling objects is presented.... more A method and its results for quantifying occupational risk owing to falling objects is presented. It is based on the principles of quantified risk assessment. Five logical models representing falling object situations are quantified such as: (a) working or being near cranes, (b) working or being near mechanical lifting devices, (c) working or being near person propelled vehicles, (d) manual handling of loads and (e) working or being near falling objects (various other cases). These models allow the delineation of accidents involving contact with falling objects, into sequences of events describing measures (engineered and/or procedural) in place to prevent a struck by falling objects or to mitigate the consequences. Identification of these sequences enables the identification of specific root causes of such accidents and hence the determination of specific and practical actions that can influence the probability of being hit or the severity of the consequences. Risk as probability per hour of exposure for three possible consequences (recoverable, permanent injury and fatality) has been assessed. A sensitivity analysis has been performed, assessing the relative importance of measures affecting working conditions and eventually risk. The most important measures, in order to decrease fatality risk while working near cranes, are falling object protection systems. The appropriate placement of mechanical lifting devices is the most important measure for fatality risk reduction, if working near them, while the good surface condition is the most important measure for work near transport devices and in manual handling. In all other cases where falling objects might occur, demarcation of the dangerous zone is the most important measure for fatality risk reduction.
Safety and Reliability, 1989
Human Factors and Decision Making: Their Influence on Safety and Reliability, 1988
Safety and Reliability, 1993
Advances in Psychology, 1984
... A number of authors have found a close relationsip between the two (eg Engel (1969),Enoch (19... more ... A number of authors have found a close relationsip between the two (eg Engel (1969),Enoch (1959), Mackworth (1976)). For example, Enoch obtained a decrease in interfixation distance when the quality of aerial maps was degraded. ...
Human Factors and Decision Making: Their Influence on Safety and Reliability, 1988
In order to investigate the integration of technical safety and management safety models and the ... more In order to investigate the integration of technical safety and management safety models and the application of such an integrated model a unique team was formed; unique because it consisted of policy makers that were closely involved in the development of the Seveso II directive, leading research institutions in the fields of quantified risk assessment and safety management systems and representatives of a chemical company with a good (but improvable) safety record. The overall objective was to provide a model for: • integrating methods for the evaluation and control of risks, and • integrating assessment of on-site and off-site risks.
In the Netherlands use has been made of the software tool Storybuilder™ to analyse the causes and... more In the Netherlands use has been made of the software tool Storybuilder™ to analyse the causes and underlying causes of Loss Of Containment (LOC) accidents. In addition, work has been undertaken to investigate if, in the literature, there is any evidence of good measures of safety performance in a major hazard context. In the industry itself there are continuing concerns about the contribution of the organisational factor in accident causation, about keeping the number of key safety performance indicators to a minimum, about the value of using near miss data and about prioritising improvements. Can incident analysis be more targeted at resolving some of today's concerns? This is considered in the context of understanding the underlying causes of the low probability large consequence accidents in the chemical industry using Dutch and other European data, examining the technical and organisational contribution to deviations in the data set and considering how this fits into the wid...
Chemical Engineering Transactions, 2019
Accident investigation reports from the Dutch Labour Inspectorate are used by the Dutch National ... more Accident investigation reports from the Dutch Labour Inspectorate are used by the Dutch National Institute for Public Health & Environment (RIVM) to analyse major hazard chemical accidents in a structured way. The purpose of the analyses is to improve understanding of accident causes and of ways to improve detection of major accident precursors. A bow-tie framework was developed in a collaborative process of engineers, psychologists and inspectors over many years. The nature of the model is that it combines technical, human and management components while preserving the temporal sequence of events of each accident scenario. Six lines of defence define the causal pathway from initiating events to accident and impact on man and environment. Different safety barriers in these lines of defence represent the different ways in which the lines of defence can fail or be successful. Sets of underlying human, management and organisational factors are provided at barrier level to better unders...
Safety and Reliability, 2003
s: Two abstracts are provided, the first presents the outcome" of a comparative study of APJ... more s: Two abstracts are provided, the first presents the outcome" of a comparative study of APJ, PC and SLIM. This indicated that the group median Absolute Probability Judgements were accurate to within a factor of ±4 for about 60% of the occasions, and always within a factor of ±10. The second abstract describes an offshore depressurisation study evaluating human error probabilities in emergency situations on a proposed offshore platform.
Safety Science, 2014
A method and its results for quantifying occupational risk owing to falling objects is presented.... more A method and its results for quantifying occupational risk owing to falling objects is presented. It is based on the principles of quantified risk assessment. Five logical models representing falling object situations are quantified such as: (a) working or being near cranes, (b) working or being near mechanical lifting devices, (c) working or being near person propelled vehicles, (d) manual handling of loads and (e) working or being near falling objects (various other cases). These models allow the delineation of accidents involving contact with falling objects, into sequences of events describing measures (engineered and/or procedural) in place to prevent a struck by falling objects or to mitigate the consequences. Identification of these sequences enables the identification of specific root causes of such accidents and hence the determination of specific and practical actions that can influence the probability of being hit or the severity of the consequences. Risk as probability per hour of exposure for three possible consequences (recoverable, permanent injury and fatality) has been assessed. A sensitivity analysis has been performed, assessing the relative importance of measures affecting working conditions and eventually risk. The most important measures, in order to decrease fatality risk while working near cranes, are falling object protection systems. The appropriate placement of mechanical lifting devices is the most important measure for fatality risk reduction, if working near them, while the good surface condition is the most important measure for work near transport devices and in manual handling. In all other cases where falling objects might occur, demarcation of the dangerous zone is the most important measure for fatality risk reduction.
Safety and Reliability, 1989
Human Factors and Decision Making: Their Influence on Safety and Reliability, 1988
Safety and Reliability, 1993
Advances in Psychology, 1984
... A number of authors have found a close relationsip between the two (eg Engel (1969),Enoch (19... more ... A number of authors have found a close relationsip between the two (eg Engel (1969),Enoch (1959), Mackworth (1976)). For example, Enoch obtained a decrease in interfixation distance when the quality of aerial maps was degraded. ...
Human Factors and Decision Making: Their Influence on Safety and Reliability, 1988
In order to investigate the integration of technical safety and management safety models and the ... more In order to investigate the integration of technical safety and management safety models and the application of such an integrated model a unique team was formed; unique because it consisted of policy makers that were closely involved in the development of the Seveso II directive, leading research institutions in the fields of quantified risk assessment and safety management systems and representatives of a chemical company with a good (but improvable) safety record. The overall objective was to provide a model for: • integrating methods for the evaluation and control of risks, and • integrating assessment of on-site and off-site risks.
In the Netherlands use has been made of the software tool Storybuilder™ to analyse the causes and... more In the Netherlands use has been made of the software tool Storybuilder™ to analyse the causes and underlying causes of Loss Of Containment (LOC) accidents. In addition, work has been undertaken to investigate if, in the literature, there is any evidence of good measures of safety performance in a major hazard context. In the industry itself there are continuing concerns about the contribution of the organisational factor in accident causation, about keeping the number of key safety performance indicators to a minimum, about the value of using near miss data and about prioritising improvements. Can incident analysis be more targeted at resolving some of today's concerns? This is considered in the context of understanding the underlying causes of the low probability large consequence accidents in the chemical industry using Dutch and other European data, examining the technical and organisational contribution to deviations in the data set and considering how this fits into the wid...