Lisa Monaco - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Lisa Monaco
Alabama Univ., Huntsville Report, Jan 31, 1994
NASA's Platform for Cross-Disciplinary Microchannel Research
Rapid Biochemical Analysis on the International Space Station (ISS): Preparing for Human Exploration of the Moon and Mars
The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development - Portable Test System, known as LOCAD-PTS, was launche... more The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development - Portable Test System, known as LOCAD-PTS, was launched to the International Space Station (ISS) aboard Space Shuttle Discovery (STS-116) on December 9th,2006. Since that time, it has remained onboard ISS and has ...
Facility for iterative biological crystallization on the International Space Station
Evaluation of cell lysis procedures and use of a micro fluidic system for an automated DNA-based cell identification in interplanetary missions
Planetary and Space Science, Dec 1, 2006
A Modular Assay System for Solar System Exploration (MASSE) is being developed to include sample ... more A Modular Assay System for Solar System Exploration (MASSE) is being developed to include sample handling, pre-treatment, separation and analysis of biological target compounds by both DNA and protein microarrays. To better design sensitive and accurate initial upstream sample handling of the MASSE instrument, experiments investigating the sensitivity and potential extraction bias of commercially available DNA extraction kits between classes
Lab on a Chip Application Development for Exploration
At Marshall Space Flight Center a new capability has been established to aid the advancement of m... more At Marshall Space Flight Center a new capability has been established to aid the advancement of microfluidics for space flight monitoring systems. Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team has created a program for advancing Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) of 1 & 2 to TRL 6 and 7, quickly and economically for Lab-On-a-Chip (LOC) applications. Scientists and engineers can utilize LOCAD's process to efficiently learn about microfluidics and determine if microfluidics is applicable to their needs. Once the applicability has been determined, LOCAD can then perform tests to develop the new fluidic protocols which are different from macro-scale chemical reaction protocols. With this information new micro-devices can be created such as the development of a microfluidic system to aid in the search for life, past and present, on Mars. Particular indicators in the Martian soil can contain the direct evidence of life. But to extract the information from the soil and present it to the proper detectors requires multiple fluidic/chemical operations. This is where LOCAD is providing its unique abilities.
Lab-on-a-Chip: From Astrobiology to the International Space Station
ABSTRACT The continual and long-term habitation of enclosed environments, such as Antarctic stati... more ABSTRACT The continual and long-term habitation of enclosed environments, such as Antarctic stations, nuclear submarines and space stations, raises unique engineering, medical and operational challenges.
Setting a Standard: TheLimulusAmebocyte Lysate Assay and the Assessment of Microbial Contamination on Spacecraft Surfaces
Astrobiology, Oct 1, 2010
Historically, colony-forming units as determined by plate cultures have been the standard unit fo... more Historically, colony-forming units as determined by plate cultures have been the standard unit for microbiological analysis of environmental samples, medical diagnostics, and products for human use. However, the time and materials required make plate cultures expensive and potentially hazardous in the closed environments of future NASA missions aboard the International Space Station and missions to other Solar System targets. The Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay is an established method for ensuring the sterility and cleanliness of samples in the meat-packing and pharmaceutical industries. Each of these industries has verified numerical requirements for the correct interpretation of results from this assay. The LAL assay is a rapid, point-of-use, verified assay that has already been approved by NASA Planetary Protection as an alternate, molecular method for the examination of outbound spacecraft. We hypothesize that standards for molecular techniques, similar to those used by the pharmaceutical and meat-packing industries, need to be set by space agencies to ensure accurate data interpretation and subsequent decision making. In support of this idea, we present research that has been conducted to relate the LAL assay to plate cultures, and we recommend values obtained from these investigations that could assist in interpretation and analysis of data obtained from the LAL assay.
Employee Retention: A Success Story
AIAA SPACE 2008 Conference & Exposition, Jun 15, 2008
The United States has benefitted from a strong and competent aerospace workforce in the past, yet... more The United States has benefitted from a strong and competent aerospace workforce in the past, yet stands to lose the immense economic and national security benefits it derives from this important industry as schools graduate fewer engineers qualified to design and develop next generation space systems. Sharing this concern about the viability of the aerospace workforce, at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center an effort has been focused on new and innovative methods to produce and retain motivated engineers. This paper addresses how this effort, called an Employee Retention Tiger Team, examined some root of causes of aerospace workforce retention trends, pressures causing workforce attrition, and describes an effective program with alternative strategies to address this issue.
Transient Filling of a Micro Protein Trap Chip Considering Surface Effect
** † † ‡ § , The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team at NASA’s Marshall Space Flig... more ** † † ‡ § , The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center is utilizing LOC to support technology development specifically for space exploration. In this paper, we investigate both numerically and experimentally, the transient “filling” two-phase flow patterns in a protein trap chip (PTC) configuration. We will describe the design and operation of an integrated microchannel/PTC configuration. Specifically, the filling processes of a liquid inside an expanded chamber hosting a dammed-structure used to block micro beads for protein trapping are studied. Numerical simulations are performed for the movement of a liquid-gas two-phase flow inside the microchannel and the PTC. The 3-D numerical simulations were conducted using the free surface Volume of Fluid method (PLIC-VOF) which allows for the interface between two immiscible fluids to be simulated while incorporating the effects of surface tension. The results are presented in terms of the movement of the gas-liquid interface. During the filling processes the two-phase flow patterns result from the competition among the inertia, adhesion and surface tension. The effects of hydrophilicity through the contact angle among gas/liquid/solid interface are investigated systematically. An experimental flow visualization system was devised to observe the characteristics of the filling process. Detailed numerical model procedures, as well as experimental results/comparison will be described.
Rapid Microbial Analysis during Simulated Surface EVA at Meteor Crater: Implications for Human Exploration of the Moon and Mars
SAE Technical Paper Series, Jul 17, 2006
ABSTRACT ... Author(s): Jake Maule - Carnegie Institution of Washington Andrew Steele Carnegie In... more ABSTRACT ... Author(s): Jake Maule - Carnegie Institution of Washington Andrew Steele Carnegie Institution of Washington Norman Wainwright - Charles River Labs. Inc. Alice Child - Marine Biological Lab. Ginger Flores - NASA Marshall ...
Two Phase Flow Analysis on Filling Processes of Microfluidic/Microarray Integrated Systems
For the last decade, most applications of microfluidics for “lab-on-a-chip” (LOC) technology have... more For the last decade, most applications of microfluidics for “lab-on-a-chip” (LOC) technology have focused on the successful transfer of established technologies from conventional lab-bench methodologies to a chip-based format. Because of the unique environments offered within microfluidic networks, a variety of integration processes can be performed in a continuous format, on one platform. The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center is utilizing LOC to support technology development specifically for Exploration. This paper will describe the design and operation of an integrated micro-channel/microarray configuration. Specifically, the filling processes of a liquid inside a circular chamber hosting the micro-array, subjected to a specific inlet pumping velocity at various geometrical and/or operational parameters will be examined. Numerical simulations are performed for the movement of a liquid-gas two-phase flow inside the microchannel and the circular disk-shaped well. The numerical simulations were conducted using the free surface Volume of Fluid (VOF) method which allows for the interface between two immiscible fluids to be simulated while incorporating the effects of surface tension. The results are presented in terms of the movement of the gas-liquid interface. During the filling processes the two-phase flow patterns result from the competition among the inertia, adhesion and surface tension. The numerical results indicate that air bubble entrapment cannot be avoided by continuous pumping of the liquid. A pressure “pulse” in descending increments is necessary to eliminate air entrapment. Only by carefully “tuning” the appropriate balanced pressure drop across the microchannel at the last stage of pulsation, the liquid was able to contract into the small channel.
NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Lab on a Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team has... more NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Lab on a Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team has worked with microfluidic technology for the past few years in an effort to support NASA's Mission. In that time, such microfluidic based Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) systems have become common technology in clinical and diagnostic laboratories. The approach is most attractive due to its highly miniaturized platform and ability to perform reagent handling (i-e., dilution, mixing, separation) and diagnostics for multiple reactions in an integrated fashion. LOCAD, along with Caliper Life Sciences has successfully developed the first LOC device for macromolecular crystallization using a workstation acquired specifically for designing custom chips, the Caliper 42. LOCAD uses this, along with a novel MSFC-designed and built workstation for microfluidic development. The team has a cadre of LOC devices that can be used to perform initial feasibility testing to determine the efficacy of the LOC approach for a specific application. Once applicability has been established, the LOCAD team, along with the Army's Aviation and Missile Command microfabrication facility, can then begin to custom design and fabricate a device per the user's specifications. This presentation will highlight the LOCAD team's proven and unique expertise that has been utilized to provide end to end capabilities associated with applying microfluidics for applications that include robotic life detection instrumentation, crew health monitoring and microbial and environmental monitoring for human Exploration.
Growth and dissolution kinetics of tetragonal lysozyme
The growth and dissolution kinetics of lysozyme in a 25 ml solution bridge inside a closed growth... more The growth and dissolution kinetics of lysozyme in a 25 ml solution bridge inside a closed growth cell was investigated. It was found that, under all growth conditions, the growth habit forming (110) and (101) faces grew through layer spreading with different growth rate dependence on supersaturation/temperature. On the other hand, (100) faces which formed only at low temperatures underwent a thermal roughening transition around 12 C.
Alabama Univ., Huntsville Report, Sep 30, 1990
Growth and etching kinetics of tetragonal lysozyme
Journal of Crystal Growth, Apr 1, 1993
Abstract The morphology and kinetics of the growth and dissolution of lysozyme in aqueous solutio... more Abstract The morphology and kinetics of the growth and dissolution of lysozyme in aqueous solutions with 2.5% NaCl and at pH=4.5 were studied in-situ with a depth resolution of 300 A (4 unit cells) by high resolution optical microscopy and digital image processing. The bulk super- or undersaturation, σ, of the solution insidea closed growth cell was controlled by temperature. The growth habit was bound by (110) and (101) faces that grew through layer spreading, although with different growth rate dependencies on supersaturation/temperature. At σ
Rapid Microbial Analysis during Simulated Surface EVA at Meteor Crater: Implications for Human Exploration of the Moon and Mars
SAE Technical Paper Series, 2006
ABSTRACT ... Author(s): Jake Maule - Carnegie Institution of Washington Andrew Steele Carnegie In... more ABSTRACT ... Author(s): Jake Maule - Carnegie Institution of Washington Andrew Steele Carnegie Institution of Washington Norman Wainwright - Charles River Labs. Inc. Alice Child - Marine Biological Lab. Ginger Flores - NASA Marshall ...
Evaluation of cell lysis procedures and use of a micro fluidic system for an automated DNA-based cell identification in interplanetary missions
Planetary and Space Science, 2006
A Modular Assay System for Solar System Exploration (MASSE) is being developed to include sample ... more A Modular Assay System for Solar System Exploration (MASSE) is being developed to include sample handling, pre-treatment, separation and analysis of biological target compounds by both DNA and protein microarrays. To better design sensitive and accurate initial upstream sample handling of the MASSE instrument, experiments investigating the sensitivity and potential extraction bias of commercially available DNA extraction kits between classes
Rapid Culture-Independent Microbial Analysis Aboard the International Space Station (ISS)
Astrobiology, 2009
Alabama Univ., Huntsville Report, Jan 31, 1994
NASA's Platform for Cross-Disciplinary Microchannel Research
Rapid Biochemical Analysis on the International Space Station (ISS): Preparing for Human Exploration of the Moon and Mars
The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development - Portable Test System, known as LOCAD-PTS, was launche... more The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development - Portable Test System, known as LOCAD-PTS, was launched to the International Space Station (ISS) aboard Space Shuttle Discovery (STS-116) on December 9th,2006. Since that time, it has remained onboard ISS and has ...
Facility for iterative biological crystallization on the International Space Station
Evaluation of cell lysis procedures and use of a micro fluidic system for an automated DNA-based cell identification in interplanetary missions
Planetary and Space Science, Dec 1, 2006
A Modular Assay System for Solar System Exploration (MASSE) is being developed to include sample ... more A Modular Assay System for Solar System Exploration (MASSE) is being developed to include sample handling, pre-treatment, separation and analysis of biological target compounds by both DNA and protein microarrays. To better design sensitive and accurate initial upstream sample handling of the MASSE instrument, experiments investigating the sensitivity and potential extraction bias of commercially available DNA extraction kits between classes
Lab on a Chip Application Development for Exploration
At Marshall Space Flight Center a new capability has been established to aid the advancement of m... more At Marshall Space Flight Center a new capability has been established to aid the advancement of microfluidics for space flight monitoring systems. Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team has created a program for advancing Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) of 1 & 2 to TRL 6 and 7, quickly and economically for Lab-On-a-Chip (LOC) applications. Scientists and engineers can utilize LOCAD's process to efficiently learn about microfluidics and determine if microfluidics is applicable to their needs. Once the applicability has been determined, LOCAD can then perform tests to develop the new fluidic protocols which are different from macro-scale chemical reaction protocols. With this information new micro-devices can be created such as the development of a microfluidic system to aid in the search for life, past and present, on Mars. Particular indicators in the Martian soil can contain the direct evidence of life. But to extract the information from the soil and present it to the proper detectors requires multiple fluidic/chemical operations. This is where LOCAD is providing its unique abilities.
Lab-on-a-Chip: From Astrobiology to the International Space Station
ABSTRACT The continual and long-term habitation of enclosed environments, such as Antarctic stati... more ABSTRACT The continual and long-term habitation of enclosed environments, such as Antarctic stations, nuclear submarines and space stations, raises unique engineering, medical and operational challenges.
Setting a Standard: TheLimulusAmebocyte Lysate Assay and the Assessment of Microbial Contamination on Spacecraft Surfaces
Astrobiology, Oct 1, 2010
Historically, colony-forming units as determined by plate cultures have been the standard unit fo... more Historically, colony-forming units as determined by plate cultures have been the standard unit for microbiological analysis of environmental samples, medical diagnostics, and products for human use. However, the time and materials required make plate cultures expensive and potentially hazardous in the closed environments of future NASA missions aboard the International Space Station and missions to other Solar System targets. The Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay is an established method for ensuring the sterility and cleanliness of samples in the meat-packing and pharmaceutical industries. Each of these industries has verified numerical requirements for the correct interpretation of results from this assay. The LAL assay is a rapid, point-of-use, verified assay that has already been approved by NASA Planetary Protection as an alternate, molecular method for the examination of outbound spacecraft. We hypothesize that standards for molecular techniques, similar to those used by the pharmaceutical and meat-packing industries, need to be set by space agencies to ensure accurate data interpretation and subsequent decision making. In support of this idea, we present research that has been conducted to relate the LAL assay to plate cultures, and we recommend values obtained from these investigations that could assist in interpretation and analysis of data obtained from the LAL assay.
Employee Retention: A Success Story
AIAA SPACE 2008 Conference & Exposition, Jun 15, 2008
The United States has benefitted from a strong and competent aerospace workforce in the past, yet... more The United States has benefitted from a strong and competent aerospace workforce in the past, yet stands to lose the immense economic and national security benefits it derives from this important industry as schools graduate fewer engineers qualified to design and develop next generation space systems. Sharing this concern about the viability of the aerospace workforce, at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center an effort has been focused on new and innovative methods to produce and retain motivated engineers. This paper addresses how this effort, called an Employee Retention Tiger Team, examined some root of causes of aerospace workforce retention trends, pressures causing workforce attrition, and describes an effective program with alternative strategies to address this issue.
Transient Filling of a Micro Protein Trap Chip Considering Surface Effect
** † † ‡ § , The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team at NASA’s Marshall Space Flig... more ** † † ‡ § , The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center is utilizing LOC to support technology development specifically for space exploration. In this paper, we investigate both numerically and experimentally, the transient “filling” two-phase flow patterns in a protein trap chip (PTC) configuration. We will describe the design and operation of an integrated microchannel/PTC configuration. Specifically, the filling processes of a liquid inside an expanded chamber hosting a dammed-structure used to block micro beads for protein trapping are studied. Numerical simulations are performed for the movement of a liquid-gas two-phase flow inside the microchannel and the PTC. The 3-D numerical simulations were conducted using the free surface Volume of Fluid method (PLIC-VOF) which allows for the interface between two immiscible fluids to be simulated while incorporating the effects of surface tension. The results are presented in terms of the movement of the gas-liquid interface. During the filling processes the two-phase flow patterns result from the competition among the inertia, adhesion and surface tension. The effects of hydrophilicity through the contact angle among gas/liquid/solid interface are investigated systematically. An experimental flow visualization system was devised to observe the characteristics of the filling process. Detailed numerical model procedures, as well as experimental results/comparison will be described.
Rapid Microbial Analysis during Simulated Surface EVA at Meteor Crater: Implications for Human Exploration of the Moon and Mars
SAE Technical Paper Series, Jul 17, 2006
ABSTRACT ... Author(s): Jake Maule - Carnegie Institution of Washington Andrew Steele Carnegie In... more ABSTRACT ... Author(s): Jake Maule - Carnegie Institution of Washington Andrew Steele Carnegie Institution of Washington Norman Wainwright - Charles River Labs. Inc. Alice Child - Marine Biological Lab. Ginger Flores - NASA Marshall ...
Two Phase Flow Analysis on Filling Processes of Microfluidic/Microarray Integrated Systems
For the last decade, most applications of microfluidics for “lab-on-a-chip” (LOC) technology have... more For the last decade, most applications of microfluidics for “lab-on-a-chip” (LOC) technology have focused on the successful transfer of established technologies from conventional lab-bench methodologies to a chip-based format. Because of the unique environments offered within microfluidic networks, a variety of integration processes can be performed in a continuous format, on one platform. The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center is utilizing LOC to support technology development specifically for Exploration. This paper will describe the design and operation of an integrated micro-channel/microarray configuration. Specifically, the filling processes of a liquid inside a circular chamber hosting the micro-array, subjected to a specific inlet pumping velocity at various geometrical and/or operational parameters will be examined. Numerical simulations are performed for the movement of a liquid-gas two-phase flow inside the microchannel and the circular disk-shaped well. The numerical simulations were conducted using the free surface Volume of Fluid (VOF) method which allows for the interface between two immiscible fluids to be simulated while incorporating the effects of surface tension. The results are presented in terms of the movement of the gas-liquid interface. During the filling processes the two-phase flow patterns result from the competition among the inertia, adhesion and surface tension. The numerical results indicate that air bubble entrapment cannot be avoided by continuous pumping of the liquid. A pressure “pulse” in descending increments is necessary to eliminate air entrapment. Only by carefully “tuning” the appropriate balanced pressure drop across the microchannel at the last stage of pulsation, the liquid was able to contract into the small channel.
NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Lab on a Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team has... more NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Lab on a Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team has worked with microfluidic technology for the past few years in an effort to support NASA's Mission. In that time, such microfluidic based Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) systems have become common technology in clinical and diagnostic laboratories. The approach is most attractive due to its highly miniaturized platform and ability to perform reagent handling (i-e., dilution, mixing, separation) and diagnostics for multiple reactions in an integrated fashion. LOCAD, along with Caliper Life Sciences has successfully developed the first LOC device for macromolecular crystallization using a workstation acquired specifically for designing custom chips, the Caliper 42. LOCAD uses this, along with a novel MSFC-designed and built workstation for microfluidic development. The team has a cadre of LOC devices that can be used to perform initial feasibility testing to determine the efficacy of the LOC approach for a specific application. Once applicability has been established, the LOCAD team, along with the Army's Aviation and Missile Command microfabrication facility, can then begin to custom design and fabricate a device per the user's specifications. This presentation will highlight the LOCAD team's proven and unique expertise that has been utilized to provide end to end capabilities associated with applying microfluidics for applications that include robotic life detection instrumentation, crew health monitoring and microbial and environmental monitoring for human Exploration.
Growth and dissolution kinetics of tetragonal lysozyme
The growth and dissolution kinetics of lysozyme in a 25 ml solution bridge inside a closed growth... more The growth and dissolution kinetics of lysozyme in a 25 ml solution bridge inside a closed growth cell was investigated. It was found that, under all growth conditions, the growth habit forming (110) and (101) faces grew through layer spreading with different growth rate dependence on supersaturation/temperature. On the other hand, (100) faces which formed only at low temperatures underwent a thermal roughening transition around 12 C.
Alabama Univ., Huntsville Report, Sep 30, 1990
Growth and etching kinetics of tetragonal lysozyme
Journal of Crystal Growth, Apr 1, 1993
Abstract The morphology and kinetics of the growth and dissolution of lysozyme in aqueous solutio... more Abstract The morphology and kinetics of the growth and dissolution of lysozyme in aqueous solutions with 2.5% NaCl and at pH=4.5 were studied in-situ with a depth resolution of 300 A (4 unit cells) by high resolution optical microscopy and digital image processing. The bulk super- or undersaturation, σ, of the solution insidea closed growth cell was controlled by temperature. The growth habit was bound by (110) and (101) faces that grew through layer spreading, although with different growth rate dependencies on supersaturation/temperature. At σ
Rapid Microbial Analysis during Simulated Surface EVA at Meteor Crater: Implications for Human Exploration of the Moon and Mars
SAE Technical Paper Series, 2006
ABSTRACT ... Author(s): Jake Maule - Carnegie Institution of Washington Andrew Steele Carnegie In... more ABSTRACT ... Author(s): Jake Maule - Carnegie Institution of Washington Andrew Steele Carnegie Institution of Washington Norman Wainwright - Charles River Labs. Inc. Alice Child - Marine Biological Lab. Ginger Flores - NASA Marshall ...
Evaluation of cell lysis procedures and use of a micro fluidic system for an automated DNA-based cell identification in interplanetary missions
Planetary and Space Science, 2006
A Modular Assay System for Solar System Exploration (MASSE) is being developed to include sample ... more A Modular Assay System for Solar System Exploration (MASSE) is being developed to include sample handling, pre-treatment, separation and analysis of biological target compounds by both DNA and protein microarrays. To better design sensitive and accurate initial upstream sample handling of the MASSE instrument, experiments investigating the sensitivity and potential extraction bias of commercially available DNA extraction kits between classes
Rapid Culture-Independent Microbial Analysis Aboard the International Space Station (ISS)
Astrobiology, 2009