Lisa Monaco - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Lisa Monaco

The growth and dissolution kinetics of lysozyme in a 25 ml solution bridge inside a closed growth... more The growth and dissolution kinetics of lysozyme in a 25 ml solution bridge inside a closed growth cell was investigated. It was found that, under all growth conditions, the growth habit forming (110) and (101) faces grew through layer spreading with different growth rate dependence on supersaturation/temperature. On the other hand, (100) faces which formed only at low temperatures underwent a thermal roughening transition around 12 C.

Alabama Univ., Huntsville Report, Sep 30, 1990

Journal of Crystal Growth, Apr 1, 1993

Abstract The morphology and kinetics of the growth and dissolution of lysozyme in aqueous solutio... more Abstract The morphology and kinetics of the growth and dissolution of lysozyme in aqueous solutions with 2.5% NaCl and at pH=4.5 were studied in-situ with a depth resolution of 300 A (4 unit cells) by high resolution optical microscopy and digital image processing. The bulk super- or undersaturation, σ, of the solution insidea closed growth cell was controlled by temperature. The growth habit was bound by (110) and (101) faces that grew through layer spreading, although with different growth rate dependencies on supersaturation/temperature. At σ

SAE Technical Paper Series, 2006

ABSTRACT ... Author(s): Jake Maule - Carnegie Institution of Washington Andrew Steele Carnegie In... more ABSTRACT ... Author(s): Jake Maule - Carnegie Institution of Washington Andrew Steele Carnegie Institution of Washington Norman Wainwright - Charles River Labs. Inc. Alice Child - Marine Biological Lab. Ginger Flores - NASA Marshall ...

Planetary and Space Science, 2006

A Modular Assay System for Solar System Exploration (MASSE) is being developed to include sample ... more A Modular Assay System for Solar System Exploration (MASSE) is being developed to include sample handling, pre-treatment, separation and analysis of biological target compounds by both DNA and protein microarrays. To better design sensitive and accurate initial upstream sample handling of the MASSE instrument, experiments investigating the sensitivity and potential extraction bias of commercially available DNA extraction kits between classes

Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography, 1997

Growth-induced defects in lysozyme crystals were observed by white-beam and monochromatic X-ray t... more Growth-induced defects in lysozyme crystals were observed by white-beam and monochromatic X-ray topography at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The topographic methods were non-destructive to the extent that traditional diffraction data collection could be performed to high resolution after topography. It was found that changes in growth parameters, defect concentration as detected by X-ray topography, and the diffraction quality obtainable from the crystals were all strongly correlated. In addition, crystals with fewer defects showed lower mosaicity and higher diffraction resolution as expected.

1st International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels (ASME International), 2003

Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, 2002

Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography, 1996

Journal of Crystal Growth, 1993

The five topics summarized in this final report are as follows: (1) a technique for the expedient... more The five topics summarized in this final report are as follows: (1) a technique for the expedient, semi-automated determination of protein solubilities as a function of temperature and application of this technique to proteins other than lysozyme; (2) a small solution cell with adjustable temperature gradients for the growth of proteins at a predetermined location through temperature programming; (3) a microscopy system with image storage and processing capability for high resolution optical studies of temperature controlled protein growth and etching kinetics; (4) growth experiments with lysozyme in thermosyphon flow ; and (5) a mathematical model for the evolution of evaporation/diffusion induced concentration gradients in the hanging drop protein crystallization technique.

The growth morphology and kinetics on facets of tetragonal lysozyme crystals was investigated by ... more The growth morphology and kinetics on facets of tetragonal lysozyme crystals was investigated by in-situ high-resolution optical interferometry. The protein composition of the growth solutions was characterized by gel electrophoresis and high pressure liquid chromatography. In solutions that contained only one protein impurity (molecular weight MW -30,000), the facets were microscopically convex, that is with higher vicinal slope in the center than at the edge. In solutions containing less than 1% of higher MW impurities that are incorporated into the crystals, the facets were microscopically concave, with lower slope at the center than at the edge. Both deviations from planarity increased with crystal size and growth rate. This indicates that these morphologies are caused by nonuniformities in interfacial nutrient and impurity concentrations. Quantitative accounts of both interface shapes are possible only if one assumes strong overlap of the coupled volume and surface diffusion fi...

The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development - Portable Test System, known as LOCAD-PTS, was launche... more The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development - Portable Test System, known as LOCAD-PTS, was launched to the International Space Station (ISS) aboard Space Shuttle Discovery (STS-116) on December 9th,2006. Since that time, it has remained onboard ISS and has been operated by the crew on 10 separate occasions LOCAD-PTS is a handheld device for rapid biochemical analysis; it consists of a spectrophotometer, a series of interchangeable cartridges, a pipette and several clean/sterilized swabbing kits to obtain samples from ISS surfaces. Sampling, quantitative analysis and data retrieval is performed onboard, therefore reducing the need to return samples to Earth. Less than 20 minutes are required from sampling to data, significantly faster than existing culture-based methods on ISS, which require 3-5 days. Different cartridges are available for the detection of different target molecules (simply by changing the formulation within each cartridge), thereby maximizing the benefit and applicat...

The development of microarray technology has revolutionized medical diagnostics and can fulfill a... more The development of microarray technology has revolutionized medical diagnostics and can fulfill a unique purpose in space exploration. Possible applications of this technology includes; the detection as well as potential characterization of life on Earth and other solar system bodies as well as health and environmental monitoring of Astronauts and their environment. Microarrays offer a way to monitor tens to thousands of target analytes in an ultrasensitive, fast and efficient format. In preparation for space missions, NASA has refocused research toward testing technology that will be required by human exploration beyond low Earth orbit. These systems/technology include bio-regenerative environmental control and life support systems (ECLSS) that includes health screening and monitoring including monitoring of microbial pathogens, in situ resource utilization (ISRU) and techniques for purposes of life detection (LD) and planetary protection (PP). It is evident that microorganisms aff...

Advanced technologies with the capability of detecting microbial contamination remain an integral... more Advanced technologies with the capability of detecting microbial contamination remain an integral tool for the next stage of space agency proposed exploration missions. To maintain a clean, operational spacecraft environment with minimal potential for forward contamination, such technology is a necessity, particularly, the ability to analyze samples near the point of collection and in real-time both for conducting biological scientific experiments and for performing routine monitoring operations. Multiple molecular methods for detecting microbial contamination are available, but many are either too large or not validated for use on spacecraft. Two methods, the adenosine- triphosphate (ATP) and Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assays have been approved by the NASA Planetary Protection Office for the assessment of microbial contamination on spacecraft surfaces. We present the first parallel field analysis of microbial contamination pre- and post-cleaning using these two methods as well ...

Earth & Space 2006

For the last decade, most applications of microfluidics for “lab-on-a-chip” (LOC) technology have... more For the last decade, most applications of microfluidics for “lab-on-a-chip” (LOC) technology have focused on the successful transfer of established technologies from conventional lab-bench methodologies to a chip-based format. Because of the unique environments offered within microfluidic networks, a variety of integration processes can be performed in a continuous format, on one platform. The Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center is utilizing LOC to support technology development specifically for Exploration. This paper will describe the design and operation of an integrated micro-channel/microarray configuration. Specifically, the filling processes of a liquid inside a circular chamber hosting the micro-array, subjected to a specific inlet pumping velocity at various geometrical and/or operational parameters will be examined. Numerical simulations are performed for the movement of a liquid-gas two-phase flow inside the microchannel and the circular disk-shaped well. The numerical simulations were conducted using the free surface Volume of Fluid (VOF) method which allows for the interface between two immiscible fluids to be simulated while incorporating the effects of surface tension. The results are presented in terms of the movement of the gas-liquid interface. During the filling processes the two-phase flow patterns result from the competition among the inertia, adhesion and surface tension. The numerical results indicate that air bubble entrapment cannot be avoided by continuous pumping of the liquid. A pressure “pulse” in descending increments is necessary to eliminate air entrapment. Only by carefully “tuning” the appropriate balanced pressure drop across the microchannel at the last stage of pulsation, the liquid was able to contract into the small channel.

At Marshall Space Flight Center a new capability has been established to aid the advancement of m... more At Marshall Space Flight Center a new capability has been established to aid the advancement of microfluidics for space flight monitoring systems. Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team has created a program for advancing Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) of 1 & 2 to TRL 6 and 7, quickly and economically for Lab-On-a-Chip (LOC) applications. Scientists and engineers can utilize LOCAD's process to efficiently learn about microfluidics and determine if microfluidics is applicable to their needs. Once the applicability has been determined, LOCAD can then perform tests to develop the new fluidic protocols which are different from macro-scale chemical reaction protocols. With this information new micro-devices can be created such as the development of a microfluidic system to aid in the search for life, past and present, on Mars. Particular indicators in the Martian soil can contain the direct evidence of life. But to extract the information from the soil and present it t...

Introduction: In preparation for space missions, NASA has refocused research toward testing techn... more Introduction: In preparation for space missions, NASA has refocused research toward testing technology that will be required by human exploration beyond low Earth orbit. These systems/technology include bioregenerative environmental control and life support systems (ECLSS), health screening, microbial pathogen monitoring technologies, in situ resource utilization (ISRU) and techniques for the purposes of life detection (LD) and planetary protection (PP). It is evident that microorganisms affect many of the goals and systems listed above and that rapid, onboard microbial monitoring will contribute toward mission safety and success. In order to monitor microbial communities, we developed a high-density oligonucleotide resequencing microarray for the identification of microorganisms relevant to human space exploration. This initial chip will be a first demonstration and proof of principle for this. The project team includes the Labon-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) project at NA...

Future astrobiology exploration missions will require rapid, point-of-use techniques for surface ... more Future astrobiology exploration missions will require rapid, point-of-use techniques for surface science experiments and contamination monitoring. The Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team is developing operational instruments that advance spaceflight technologies to molecular-based methods. Currently, LOCAD-Portable Test System (PTS) is quantifying levels of the bacterial molecule endotoxin onboard the Internatioal Space Station. Future research and development will focus on more sensitive molecular techniques that expand the number of compounds detected to include beta-glucan from fungal cell walls.