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Research paper thumbnail of In-vehicle exposures to particulate air pollution in Canadian metropolitan areas: the urban transportation exposure study

Environmental science & technology, Jan 6, 2015

Commuters may be exposed to increased levels of traffic-related air pollution owing to close prox... more Commuters may be exposed to increased levels of traffic-related air pollution owing to close proximity to traffic-emissions. We collected in-vehicle and roof-top air pollution measurements over 238 commutes in Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver, Canada between 2010 and 2013. Voice recordings were used to collect real-time information on traffic density and the presence of diesel vehicles and multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate the impact of these factors on in-vehicle pollutant concentrations (and indoor/outdoor ratios) along with parameters for road type, land use, and meteorology. In-vehicle PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations consistently exceeded regional outdoor levels and each unit increase in the rate of encountering diesel vehicles (count/min) was associated with substantial increases (>100%) in in-vehicle concentrations of ultrafine particles (UFPs), black carbon, and PM2.5 as well as strong increases (>15%) in indoor/outdoor ratios. A model based on m...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of remote sensing and fixed-site monitoring approaches for examining air pollution and health in a national study population

Atmospheric Environment, 2013

ABSTRACT Satellite remote sensing (RS) has emerged as a cutting edge approach for estimating grou... more ABSTRACT Satellite remote sensing (RS) has emerged as a cutting edge approach for estimating ground level ambient air pollution. Previous studies have reported a high correlation between ground level PM2.5 and NO2 estimated by RS and measurements collected at regulatory monitoring sites. The current study examined associations between air pollution and adverse respiratory and allergic health outcomes using multi-year averages of NO2 and PM2.5 from RS and from regulatory monitoring.

Research paper thumbnail of Development of land-use regression models for metals associated with airborne particulate matter in a North American city

Atmospheric Environment, 2015

ABSTRACT Airborne particulate matter has been associated with cardiovascular and respiratory morb... more ABSTRACT Airborne particulate matter has been associated with cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity and mortality, and there is evidence that metals may contribute to these adverse health effects. However, there are few tools for assessing exposure to airborne metals. Land-use regression modeling has been widely used to estimate exposure to gaseous pollutants. This study developed seasonal land-use regression (LUR) models to characterize the spatial distribution of trace metals and other elements associated with airborne particulate matter in Calgary, Alberta.

Research paper thumbnail of In-vehicle exposures to particulate air pollution in Canadian metropolitan areas: the urban transportation exposure study

Environmental science & technology, Jan 6, 2015

Commuters may be exposed to increased levels of traffic-related air pollution owing to close prox... more Commuters may be exposed to increased levels of traffic-related air pollution owing to close proximity to traffic-emissions. We collected in-vehicle and roof-top air pollution measurements over 238 commutes in Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver, Canada between 2010 and 2013. Voice recordings were used to collect real-time information on traffic density and the presence of diesel vehicles and multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate the impact of these factors on in-vehicle pollutant concentrations (and indoor/outdoor ratios) along with parameters for road type, land use, and meteorology. In-vehicle PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations consistently exceeded regional outdoor levels and each unit increase in the rate of encountering diesel vehicles (count/min) was associated with substantial increases (>100%) in in-vehicle concentrations of ultrafine particles (UFPs), black carbon, and PM2.5 as well as strong increases (>15%) in indoor/outdoor ratios. A model based on m...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of remote sensing and fixed-site monitoring approaches for examining air pollution and health in a national study population

Atmospheric Environment, 2013

ABSTRACT Satellite remote sensing (RS) has emerged as a cutting edge approach for estimating grou... more ABSTRACT Satellite remote sensing (RS) has emerged as a cutting edge approach for estimating ground level ambient air pollution. Previous studies have reported a high correlation between ground level PM2.5 and NO2 estimated by RS and measurements collected at regulatory monitoring sites. The current study examined associations between air pollution and adverse respiratory and allergic health outcomes using multi-year averages of NO2 and PM2.5 from RS and from regulatory monitoring.

Research paper thumbnail of Development of land-use regression models for metals associated with airborne particulate matter in a North American city

Atmospheric Environment, 2015

ABSTRACT Airborne particulate matter has been associated with cardiovascular and respiratory morb... more ABSTRACT Airborne particulate matter has been associated with cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity and mortality, and there is evidence that metals may contribute to these adverse health effects. However, there are few tools for assessing exposure to airborne metals. Land-use regression modeling has been widely used to estimate exposure to gaseous pollutants. This study developed seasonal land-use regression (LUR) models to characterize the spatial distribution of trace metals and other elements associated with airborne particulate matter in Calgary, Alberta.

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