Lone Larsen - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Lone Larsen
International Journal of Family Medicine, Jul 6, 2015
Background. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in the We... more Background. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in the Western world, focus on the management in general practice has also increased. Objective. To explore the experiences of general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses participating in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing two management programmes in general practice for children who are overweight or obese. Methods. Three focus groups with GPs and nurses participating in the RCT. Transcribed data were analysed using systematic text condensation followed by thematic analysis. Results. Health professionals considered it their responsibility to offer a management programme to overweight children. They recognised that management of overweight during childhood was a complex task that required an evidence-based strategy with the possibility of supervision. Health professionals experienced a barrier to addressing overweight in children. However, increasing awareness of obesity in childhood and its consequences in society was considered helpful to reach an understanding of the articulations concerning how best to address the issue. Conclusions. Health professionals in general practice recognised that they have a special obligation, capacity, and role in the management of obesity in childhood. Implementation of future management programmes must address existing barriers beyond an evidence-based standardised strategy.
International Journal of Family Medicine, 2015
Background. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in the We... more Background. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in the Western world, focus on the management in general practice has also increased.Objective. To explore the experiences of general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses participating in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing two management programmes in general practice for children who are overweight or obese.Methods. Three focus groups with GPs and nurses participating in the RCT. Transcribed data were analysed using systematic text condensation followed by thematic analysis.Results. Health professionals considered it their responsibility to offer a management programme to overweight children. They recognised that management of overweight during childhood was a complex task that required an evidence-based strategy with the possibility of supervision. Health professionals experienced a barrier to addressing overweight in children. However, increasing awareness of obesity in childhood...
Scandinavian journal of primary health care, Jan 20, 2015
To evaluate the effect of two intervention modalities concerning overweight and obesity among chi... more To evaluate the effect of two intervention modalities concerning overweight and obesity among children in general practice. Prospective randomized controlled trial. A total of 60 general practices in the former County of Funen, Denmark. Overweight children, identified by International Obesity Task Force criteria, aged 5-9 years. Model 1 with health consultations in general practice during a two-year period or Model 2, an educational programme for the children and their families in addition to the health consultations. Change in body mass index (BMI) z-score in order to compare the results, independent of gender- and age-related changes over time. A total of 80 children were recruited with 35 and 45 children allocated to Model 1 and Model 2, respectively. No significant differences were found in the change in BMI z-score (SDS) between the two groups. A decrease in the mean BMI z-score from baseline to study end of -0.20 (95%CI -0.38 to -0.01) in Model 1 and -0.26 (95%CI -0.44 to -0.0...
The Journal of nutrition, 2003
We wanted to establish a minipig model for the study of postprandial lipemia and plasma lipid cle... more We wanted to establish a minipig model for the study of postprandial lipemia and plasma lipid clearance after fish oil consumption. Seven minipigs were fed a fish oil-enriched nonpurified diet and a control diet for 4 wk in a randomized cross-over study. After each intervention period, each pig was challenged with a gastric fat load (2 g fat/kg body) and an intravenous fat bolus (0.1 g/kg body) on separate days. Frequent blood samples were collected for 6 h after the gastric fat load and for 40 min after the intravenous bolus. The fish oil-enriched diet was associated with lower triacylglycerol, glycerol and nonesterified fatty acid concentrations in the hours after the gastric fat load than the control diet (P < 0.05). In contrast, the triacylglycerol disappearance rate after the intravenous fat bolus was not affected by fish oil (P = 0.19). In conclusion, dietary fish oil supplementation attenuates postprandial lipemia in minipigs similarly to what occurs in humans. Minipigs co...
Scandinavian journal of primary health care, Jan 20, 2015
To evaluate the effect of two intervention modalities concerning overweight and obesity among chi... more To evaluate the effect of two intervention modalities concerning overweight and obesity among children in general practice. Prospective randomized controlled trial. A total of 60 general practices in the former County of Funen, Denmark. Overweight children, identified by International Obesity Task Force criteria, aged 5-9 years. Model 1 with health consultations in general practice during a two-year period or Model 2, an educational programme for the children and their families in addition to the health consultations. Change in body mass index (BMI) z-score in order to compare the results, independent of gender- and age-related changes over time. A total of 80 children were recruited with 35 and 45 children allocated to Model 1 and Model 2, respectively. No significant differences were found in the change in BMI z-score (SDS) between the two groups. A decrease in the mean BMI z-score from baseline to study end of -0.20 (95%CI -0.38 to -0.01) in Model 1 and -0.26 (95%CI -0.44 to -0.0...
International Journal of Family Medicine, 2015
Background. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in the We... more Background. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in the Western world, focus on the management in general practice has also increased. Objective. To explore the experiences of general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses participating in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing two management programmes in general practice for children who are overweight or obese. Methods. Three focus groups with GPs and nurses participating in the RCT. Transcribed data were analysed using systematic text condensation followed by thematic analysis. Results. Health professionals considered it their responsibility to offer a management programme to overweight children. They recognised that management of overweight during childhood was a complex task that required an evidence-based strategy with the possibility of supervision. Health professionals experienced a barrier to addressing overweight in children. However, increasing awareness of obesity in childhood and its consequences in society was considered helpful to reach an understanding of the articulations concerning how best to address the issue. Conclusions. Health professionals in general practice recognised that they have a special obligation, capacity, and role in the management of obesity in childhood. Implementation of future management programmes must address existing barriers beyond an evidence-based standardised strategy.
International journal of obesity (2005), 2007
Lipodystrophy is the major complication of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. Its p... more Lipodystrophy is the major complication of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. Its pathophysiology is not well understood, but has been linked to antiadipogenic effects of antiretroviral drugs. Lipin represents a newly characterized protein that is critical for adipocyte differentiation, and lipin deficiency leads to lipodystrophy in the mouse. The objective of this study was to determine whether altered lipin gene expression is associated with HIV lipodystrophy in humans. We measured lipin mRNA levels in subcutaneous abdominal and femoral-gluteal adipose tissue biopsies from HIV-infected patients with or without lipodystrophy, and in healthy controls. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR was performed to quantitate total lipin expression levels, and expression of two lipin isoforms (lipin-alpha and -beta) that are generated by alternative mRNA splicing. As predicted from studies with mice, lipin mRNA levels were correlated with limb fat mass in HIV patients, with lower ...
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1999
The incidence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Crete was lower than expected on the basis of bl... more The incidence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Crete was lower than expected on the basis of blood lipid concentrations of participants in the Seven Countries Study. A favorable effect of a high intake of olive oil on thrombogenesis may have contributed to this finding. We compared the effects of virgin olive oil with those of rapeseed and sunflower oils on blood coagulation factor VII (FVII), a key factor in thrombogenesis. In a randomized and strictly controlled crossover study, 18 healthy young men consumed diets enriched with 5 g/MJ (19% of total energy) olive oil, sunflower oil, or rapeseed oil for periods of 3 wk. On the final day of each period, participants consumed standardized high-fat meals (42% of energy as fat). Fasting and nonfasting blood samples were collected after each period. Mean (+/-SEM) nonfasting peak concentrations of activated FVII (FVIIa) were 11.3 +/- 5.1 U/L lower after olive oil than after sunflower oil, an 18% reduction (P < 0.05). Olive oil also t...
Pain, 1998
The effect of treatment with ultrasound, massage and exercises on myofascial trigger-points (MTrP... more The effect of treatment with ultrasound, massage and exercises on myofascial trigger-points (MTrP) in the neck and shoulder was assessed in a randomised controlled trial. The outcome measures were pain at rest and on daily function (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS), analgesic usage, global preference and index of MTrP. Long-term effect for treatment and control groups was assessed after 6 months using a questionnaire. The patients were randomised to three groups. The first group was treated with ultrasound, massage and exercise (A), the second group with sham-ultrasound, massage and exercise (B), while the third group was a control group (C). The duration of the study was 6 weeks. Treatment was given twice a week from the second to the fifth week. The number and index of MTrPs were recorded at each treatment session in groups A and B but only at entry as well as end of study in group C. VAS and analgesic usage was recorded in all three groups throughout the study period. Six months after the last treatment session a questionnaire was send to the patients. A total of 67 patients were included. Nine patients dropped-out during the study, which left 58 patients that could be included in the final analysis. Twenty patients were randomised to group A, 18 to group B and 18 to group C. A significant reduction in index were found between treatment groups (A and B) and control group (C), but no difference between group A and B. VAS scores, analgesic usage or global preference showed no difference between group A, B or C. The patients in the group C were offered treatment (ultrasound, massage, exercise) after the 6 weeks treatment period. At the questionnaire after 6 month 44 (87%) of the 52 patients from all three groups who had treatment responded. Sixty-four percent answered that they had had good or some effects, 68 percent were still doing the exercise programme and 17 percent had received other forms of therapy after they had completed the study. No difference between groups given ultrasound or sham ultrasound were found. It is concluded that US give no pain reduction, but apparently massage and exercise reduces the number and intensity of MTrP. The impact of this reduction on neck and shoulder pain is weak.
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2003
Chronic fish oil consumption is associated with reduced postprandial lipaemia, but the mechanism ... more Chronic fish oil consumption is associated with reduced postprandial lipaemia, but the mechanism behind this effect is not fully understood. We studied whether lipid absorption might be altered in rats fed fish oil. Male Wistar rats were fed fish oil enriched chow (n = 6) or control oil enriched chow (n = 6). After 4 weeks, 61 mg 3H-triolein was instilled into duodenal tied-off loops. Intestinal segments were removed after 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 min. Enterocytes were then isolated by calcium chelation and quantified by DNA determination. Non-absorbed 3H-lipid and 3H-lipid contents of enterocytes were determined by liquid scintillation counting. Two other groups of rats (2 x 6) fed the experimental diets were given an oral fat load and fasting and postprandial blood samples were taken. The accumulation of 3H-lipids in enterocytes was higher in rats fed fish oil than in controls (area under the 3H-lipid time curve: 1041.3 versus 670.3 nmol oleic acid x min/microg DNA, P < 0.05). Separation of lipids showed that an accumulation of triglycerides and free fatty acids occurred in rats fed fish oil. The amount of non-absorbed 3H-lipid tended to be higher in the fish oil fed rats (P > 0.1). It was confirmed that the fish oil enriched chow caused lower postprandial lipaemia (34% reduction in serum triglyceride concentrations, P < 0.05). Attenuated postprandial lipaemia following fish oil feeding is explained, at least partly, by a transient lipid accumulation in enterocytes which may result in a delayed triglyceride efflux from the enterocytes into the circulation.
Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation, 2000
Contrary to low-fat meals, high-fat meals are known to cause postprandial factor VII (FVII) activ... more Contrary to low-fat meals, high-fat meals are known to cause postprandial factor VII (FVII) activation, but the mechanism is unknown. To study the postprandial FVII activation in detail, 18 young men consumed in randomized order high-fat or low-fat test meals. Fasting and non-fasting blood samples were collected. The high-fat test was associated with an increase in plasma triglyceride and kallikrein concentrations and postprandial FVII activation (p&amp;lt;0.001). Plasma kallikrein was strongly associated with triglycerides in fasting and non-fasting samples (r2=0.74-0.87, p&amp;lt;0.0001), suggesting that triglyceride-rich lipoproteins may activate prokallikrein. Neither plasma triglycerides nor kallikrein and activated FVII were statistically associated. This may suggest that additional factors are involved in the postprandial FVII activation. No clear evidence for a role of tissue factor expression by monocytes, factor XII or insulin in postprandial FVII activation was observed. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor and prothrombin fragment 1+2, a marker of thrombin generation, were not affected postprandially after either the high-fat or the low-fat meals. Our findings indicate that triglyceride-rich lipoproteins activate prokallikrein postprandially, which might form an important initial event in FVII activation after consumption of high-fat meals.
Meat Science, 2001
The potential to tenderize beef muscles by the injection of lactic acid (0.5 M, 10% w/w) was stud... more The potential to tenderize beef muscles by the injection of lactic acid (0.5 M, 10% w/w) was studied using the pectoralis profundus muscle from cull cows. The injection was performed either 1 h (pre rigor) or 24 h (post rigor) post mortem, and the meat was stored for 2 or 14 days post mortem. Both treatments caused a rapid pH drop to around 5.0 within 4 h of injection. Other eects were: (1) an accelerated release of lysosomal enzymes into the cytosol; (2) a greater degradation of myosin heavy chains; (3) ultrastructural alterations of the myo®brils which included a general weakening or rupture in the M-lines and, to a lesser extent, in the I-bands; (4) a decreased heat stability of perimysial collagen indicated by a lower insoluble collagen content, lower dierential scanning calorimetry transition temperature, and lower transition temperatures in isometric tension tests on muscle strips. The lactic acid injections improved signi®cantly the textural traits of the meat (shear value, tensile strength, sensory scores) at 2 days post mortem with little further improvement when storage was extended to 14 days post mortem. Changes in texture were of similar amplitude at both post mortem injection times. The tenderization mechanisms of lactic acid injection are discussed. #
LWT - Food Science and Technology, 1999
Boiled potato off-flavour is a cardboard-like note, that develops within hours when boiled potato... more Boiled potato off-flavour is a cardboard-like note, that develops within hours when boiled potatoes are stored. Using a panel of four professional judges, it was verified that a clearly detectable off-flavour develops during the storage of boiled potatoes. Two different isolation methods (direct extraction and vacuum distillation/extraction) in combination with GC-MS and GC-sniffing were applied to the same freshly boiled
Laboratory Animals, 2002
Postprandial hyperlipidaemia is believed to be at herogenic. T his study aim ed to establ ish a m... more Postprandial hyperlipidaemia is believed to be at herogenic. T his study aim ed to establ ish a minipig model to investigate determinants of postprandial lipid metabolism. In a randomized cross-over design seven minipigs were subjected to six different feeding regimens: intragastric fat loads of 1, 2, and 4 g fat (Intralipid 1 , 20% ) kg ¡1 in two fractions 1.5 h apart (1 =3 ®rst, 2=3 second), 2 g fat (Intralipid 1 ) kg ¡1 in one fraction, and 2 g olive oil kg ¡1 in two fractions, all after pre-feeding with standard diet, and ®nally 2 g fat (Intralipid 1 ) kg ¡1 in two fract ions without pre-feeding. Blood was sampled before and hourly for 7 h after gavaging, and plasma triglyc erides were measured. Triglycerides increased signi®cantly in all the feeding regimens (P < 0.001 ), except when olive oil was used as the fat source. A borderline signi®cant dose-response effect of the Intralipid 1 dose on the triglyc eride response was observed. We found no signi®cant differences in triglyceride response whether 2 g fat (Intralipid 1 ) kg ¡1 was given in one or two fract ions, with or without pre-feeding. We conclude that postprandial hyperlipidaem ia in minipigs can be induced by gavaging an emulgated lipid solution (1±4 g fat =kg, Intralipid 1 ), while olive oil is not applicabl e. T here is no need to administer the fat fractionated or to withhold food prior to administration.
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 2002
In the patients with no bone bruise the number of ligament injuries was lower.
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 2002
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1999
Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 2006
The purposes or this study were to (a) describe the prevention practices of nurse practitioners (... more The purposes or this study were to (a) describe the prevention practices of nurse practitioners (NPs) regarding childhood obesity, (b) compare the practices of NPs by specialty, practice setting, and awareness of childhood obesity prevention guidelines, (c) identify relationships between prevention practices and demographic variables of NPs, and (d) examine the resources for and barriers to implementing prevention practices. A convenience sample of 99 family NPs (FNPs) and pediatric NPs (PNPs) from the Intermountain area was used. Participants completed a questionnaire based on documented risk factors for childhood obesity as well as prevention guidelines developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). NPs working in family practice or general pediatric practice settings were not consistently using the BMI-for-age index to screen for childhood obesity, as recommended by the AAP. However, they were teaching parents to promote healthy food choices and physical activity in their families. PNPs and FNPs working in a pediatric practice setting and NPs who were aware of prevention guidelines were more likely to perform several prevention strategies than FNPs working in a family practice setting and those who were unaware of guidelines. Major barriers to implementing childhood obesity prevention strategies included parental attitudes, the American lifestyle, and lack of resources for both the NP and the family. The main resources NPs used in preventing childhood obesity were a dietician, journal articles, and Web sites. Although the majority of the NPs in this study reported being aware of childhood obesity prevention guidelines (73.7%), most were not consistently using BMI for age or monitoring children at increased risk for obesity. Because childhood obesity is escalating at such a rapid rate, it is critical that NPs working in family practice and pediatric practice settings take the necessary steps to help curtail obesity in childhood, including calculating BMI for age, targeting children at risk, and helping families develop healthy nutrition and physical activity habits. In addition to proper health supervision of children, NPs also need to be advocates in their communities to overcome barriers to childhood obesity prevention.
Journal of Food Science, 1995
ABSTRACT Cultivars of shredded iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativu L.)'Saladin','Santi... more ABSTRACT Cultivars of shredded iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativu L.)'Saladin','Santis','Telda'and 'Roxette'responded in a parallel way to four modified atmosphere (MA) packaging treatments. Moderate vacuum packaging (mvp) in 80 μm polyethylene (PE) inhibited ...
International Journal of Family Medicine, Jul 6, 2015
Background. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in the We... more Background. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in the Western world, focus on the management in general practice has also increased. Objective. To explore the experiences of general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses participating in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing two management programmes in general practice for children who are overweight or obese. Methods. Three focus groups with GPs and nurses participating in the RCT. Transcribed data were analysed using systematic text condensation followed by thematic analysis. Results. Health professionals considered it their responsibility to offer a management programme to overweight children. They recognised that management of overweight during childhood was a complex task that required an evidence-based strategy with the possibility of supervision. Health professionals experienced a barrier to addressing overweight in children. However, increasing awareness of obesity in childhood and its consequences in society was considered helpful to reach an understanding of the articulations concerning how best to address the issue. Conclusions. Health professionals in general practice recognised that they have a special obligation, capacity, and role in the management of obesity in childhood. Implementation of future management programmes must address existing barriers beyond an evidence-based standardised strategy.
International Journal of Family Medicine, 2015
Background. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in the We... more Background. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in the Western world, focus on the management in general practice has also increased.Objective. To explore the experiences of general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses participating in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing two management programmes in general practice for children who are overweight or obese.Methods. Three focus groups with GPs and nurses participating in the RCT. Transcribed data were analysed using systematic text condensation followed by thematic analysis.Results. Health professionals considered it their responsibility to offer a management programme to overweight children. They recognised that management of overweight during childhood was a complex task that required an evidence-based strategy with the possibility of supervision. Health professionals experienced a barrier to addressing overweight in children. However, increasing awareness of obesity in childhood...
Scandinavian journal of primary health care, Jan 20, 2015
To evaluate the effect of two intervention modalities concerning overweight and obesity among chi... more To evaluate the effect of two intervention modalities concerning overweight and obesity among children in general practice. Prospective randomized controlled trial. A total of 60 general practices in the former County of Funen, Denmark. Overweight children, identified by International Obesity Task Force criteria, aged 5-9 years. Model 1 with health consultations in general practice during a two-year period or Model 2, an educational programme for the children and their families in addition to the health consultations. Change in body mass index (BMI) z-score in order to compare the results, independent of gender- and age-related changes over time. A total of 80 children were recruited with 35 and 45 children allocated to Model 1 and Model 2, respectively. No significant differences were found in the change in BMI z-score (SDS) between the two groups. A decrease in the mean BMI z-score from baseline to study end of -0.20 (95%CI -0.38 to -0.01) in Model 1 and -0.26 (95%CI -0.44 to -0.0...
The Journal of nutrition, 2003
We wanted to establish a minipig model for the study of postprandial lipemia and plasma lipid cle... more We wanted to establish a minipig model for the study of postprandial lipemia and plasma lipid clearance after fish oil consumption. Seven minipigs were fed a fish oil-enriched nonpurified diet and a control diet for 4 wk in a randomized cross-over study. After each intervention period, each pig was challenged with a gastric fat load (2 g fat/kg body) and an intravenous fat bolus (0.1 g/kg body) on separate days. Frequent blood samples were collected for 6 h after the gastric fat load and for 40 min after the intravenous bolus. The fish oil-enriched diet was associated with lower triacylglycerol, glycerol and nonesterified fatty acid concentrations in the hours after the gastric fat load than the control diet (P < 0.05). In contrast, the triacylglycerol disappearance rate after the intravenous fat bolus was not affected by fish oil (P = 0.19). In conclusion, dietary fish oil supplementation attenuates postprandial lipemia in minipigs similarly to what occurs in humans. Minipigs co...
Scandinavian journal of primary health care, Jan 20, 2015
To evaluate the effect of two intervention modalities concerning overweight and obesity among chi... more To evaluate the effect of two intervention modalities concerning overweight and obesity among children in general practice. Prospective randomized controlled trial. A total of 60 general practices in the former County of Funen, Denmark. Overweight children, identified by International Obesity Task Force criteria, aged 5-9 years. Model 1 with health consultations in general practice during a two-year period or Model 2, an educational programme for the children and their families in addition to the health consultations. Change in body mass index (BMI) z-score in order to compare the results, independent of gender- and age-related changes over time. A total of 80 children were recruited with 35 and 45 children allocated to Model 1 and Model 2, respectively. No significant differences were found in the change in BMI z-score (SDS) between the two groups. A decrease in the mean BMI z-score from baseline to study end of -0.20 (95%CI -0.38 to -0.01) in Model 1 and -0.26 (95%CI -0.44 to -0.0...
International Journal of Family Medicine, 2015
Background. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in the We... more Background. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood in the Western world, focus on the management in general practice has also increased. Objective. To explore the experiences of general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses participating in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing two management programmes in general practice for children who are overweight or obese. Methods. Three focus groups with GPs and nurses participating in the RCT. Transcribed data were analysed using systematic text condensation followed by thematic analysis. Results. Health professionals considered it their responsibility to offer a management programme to overweight children. They recognised that management of overweight during childhood was a complex task that required an evidence-based strategy with the possibility of supervision. Health professionals experienced a barrier to addressing overweight in children. However, increasing awareness of obesity in childhood and its consequences in society was considered helpful to reach an understanding of the articulations concerning how best to address the issue. Conclusions. Health professionals in general practice recognised that they have a special obligation, capacity, and role in the management of obesity in childhood. Implementation of future management programmes must address existing barriers beyond an evidence-based standardised strategy.
International journal of obesity (2005), 2007
Lipodystrophy is the major complication of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. Its p... more Lipodystrophy is the major complication of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. Its pathophysiology is not well understood, but has been linked to antiadipogenic effects of antiretroviral drugs. Lipin represents a newly characterized protein that is critical for adipocyte differentiation, and lipin deficiency leads to lipodystrophy in the mouse. The objective of this study was to determine whether altered lipin gene expression is associated with HIV lipodystrophy in humans. We measured lipin mRNA levels in subcutaneous abdominal and femoral-gluteal adipose tissue biopsies from HIV-infected patients with or without lipodystrophy, and in healthy controls. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR was performed to quantitate total lipin expression levels, and expression of two lipin isoforms (lipin-alpha and -beta) that are generated by alternative mRNA splicing. As predicted from studies with mice, lipin mRNA levels were correlated with limb fat mass in HIV patients, with lower ...
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1999
The incidence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Crete was lower than expected on the basis of bl... more The incidence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Crete was lower than expected on the basis of blood lipid concentrations of participants in the Seven Countries Study. A favorable effect of a high intake of olive oil on thrombogenesis may have contributed to this finding. We compared the effects of virgin olive oil with those of rapeseed and sunflower oils on blood coagulation factor VII (FVII), a key factor in thrombogenesis. In a randomized and strictly controlled crossover study, 18 healthy young men consumed diets enriched with 5 g/MJ (19% of total energy) olive oil, sunflower oil, or rapeseed oil for periods of 3 wk. On the final day of each period, participants consumed standardized high-fat meals (42% of energy as fat). Fasting and nonfasting blood samples were collected after each period. Mean (+/-SEM) nonfasting peak concentrations of activated FVII (FVIIa) were 11.3 +/- 5.1 U/L lower after olive oil than after sunflower oil, an 18% reduction (P < 0.05). Olive oil also t...
Pain, 1998
The effect of treatment with ultrasound, massage and exercises on myofascial trigger-points (MTrP... more The effect of treatment with ultrasound, massage and exercises on myofascial trigger-points (MTrP) in the neck and shoulder was assessed in a randomised controlled trial. The outcome measures were pain at rest and on daily function (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS), analgesic usage, global preference and index of MTrP. Long-term effect for treatment and control groups was assessed after 6 months using a questionnaire. The patients were randomised to three groups. The first group was treated with ultrasound, massage and exercise (A), the second group with sham-ultrasound, massage and exercise (B), while the third group was a control group (C). The duration of the study was 6 weeks. Treatment was given twice a week from the second to the fifth week. The number and index of MTrPs were recorded at each treatment session in groups A and B but only at entry as well as end of study in group C. VAS and analgesic usage was recorded in all three groups throughout the study period. Six months after the last treatment session a questionnaire was send to the patients. A total of 67 patients were included. Nine patients dropped-out during the study, which left 58 patients that could be included in the final analysis. Twenty patients were randomised to group A, 18 to group B and 18 to group C. A significant reduction in index were found between treatment groups (A and B) and control group (C), but no difference between group A and B. VAS scores, analgesic usage or global preference showed no difference between group A, B or C. The patients in the group C were offered treatment (ultrasound, massage, exercise) after the 6 weeks treatment period. At the questionnaire after 6 month 44 (87%) of the 52 patients from all three groups who had treatment responded. Sixty-four percent answered that they had had good or some effects, 68 percent were still doing the exercise programme and 17 percent had received other forms of therapy after they had completed the study. No difference between groups given ultrasound or sham ultrasound were found. It is concluded that US give no pain reduction, but apparently massage and exercise reduces the number and intensity of MTrP. The impact of this reduction on neck and shoulder pain is weak.
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2003
Chronic fish oil consumption is associated with reduced postprandial lipaemia, but the mechanism ... more Chronic fish oil consumption is associated with reduced postprandial lipaemia, but the mechanism behind this effect is not fully understood. We studied whether lipid absorption might be altered in rats fed fish oil. Male Wistar rats were fed fish oil enriched chow (n = 6) or control oil enriched chow (n = 6). After 4 weeks, 61 mg 3H-triolein was instilled into duodenal tied-off loops. Intestinal segments were removed after 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 min. Enterocytes were then isolated by calcium chelation and quantified by DNA determination. Non-absorbed 3H-lipid and 3H-lipid contents of enterocytes were determined by liquid scintillation counting. Two other groups of rats (2 x 6) fed the experimental diets were given an oral fat load and fasting and postprandial blood samples were taken. The accumulation of 3H-lipids in enterocytes was higher in rats fed fish oil than in controls (area under the 3H-lipid time curve: 1041.3 versus 670.3 nmol oleic acid x min/microg DNA, P < 0.05). Separation of lipids showed that an accumulation of triglycerides and free fatty acids occurred in rats fed fish oil. The amount of non-absorbed 3H-lipid tended to be higher in the fish oil fed rats (P > 0.1). It was confirmed that the fish oil enriched chow caused lower postprandial lipaemia (34% reduction in serum triglyceride concentrations, P < 0.05). Attenuated postprandial lipaemia following fish oil feeding is explained, at least partly, by a transient lipid accumulation in enterocytes which may result in a delayed triglyceride efflux from the enterocytes into the circulation.
Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation, 2000
Contrary to low-fat meals, high-fat meals are known to cause postprandial factor VII (FVII) activ... more Contrary to low-fat meals, high-fat meals are known to cause postprandial factor VII (FVII) activation, but the mechanism is unknown. To study the postprandial FVII activation in detail, 18 young men consumed in randomized order high-fat or low-fat test meals. Fasting and non-fasting blood samples were collected. The high-fat test was associated with an increase in plasma triglyceride and kallikrein concentrations and postprandial FVII activation (p&amp;lt;0.001). Plasma kallikrein was strongly associated with triglycerides in fasting and non-fasting samples (r2=0.74-0.87, p&amp;lt;0.0001), suggesting that triglyceride-rich lipoproteins may activate prokallikrein. Neither plasma triglycerides nor kallikrein and activated FVII were statistically associated. This may suggest that additional factors are involved in the postprandial FVII activation. No clear evidence for a role of tissue factor expression by monocytes, factor XII or insulin in postprandial FVII activation was observed. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor and prothrombin fragment 1+2, a marker of thrombin generation, were not affected postprandially after either the high-fat or the low-fat meals. Our findings indicate that triglyceride-rich lipoproteins activate prokallikrein postprandially, which might form an important initial event in FVII activation after consumption of high-fat meals.
Meat Science, 2001
The potential to tenderize beef muscles by the injection of lactic acid (0.5 M, 10% w/w) was stud... more The potential to tenderize beef muscles by the injection of lactic acid (0.5 M, 10% w/w) was studied using the pectoralis profundus muscle from cull cows. The injection was performed either 1 h (pre rigor) or 24 h (post rigor) post mortem, and the meat was stored for 2 or 14 days post mortem. Both treatments caused a rapid pH drop to around 5.0 within 4 h of injection. Other eects were: (1) an accelerated release of lysosomal enzymes into the cytosol; (2) a greater degradation of myosin heavy chains; (3) ultrastructural alterations of the myo®brils which included a general weakening or rupture in the M-lines and, to a lesser extent, in the I-bands; (4) a decreased heat stability of perimysial collagen indicated by a lower insoluble collagen content, lower dierential scanning calorimetry transition temperature, and lower transition temperatures in isometric tension tests on muscle strips. The lactic acid injections improved signi®cantly the textural traits of the meat (shear value, tensile strength, sensory scores) at 2 days post mortem with little further improvement when storage was extended to 14 days post mortem. Changes in texture were of similar amplitude at both post mortem injection times. The tenderization mechanisms of lactic acid injection are discussed. #
LWT - Food Science and Technology, 1999
Boiled potato off-flavour is a cardboard-like note, that develops within hours when boiled potato... more Boiled potato off-flavour is a cardboard-like note, that develops within hours when boiled potatoes are stored. Using a panel of four professional judges, it was verified that a clearly detectable off-flavour develops during the storage of boiled potatoes. Two different isolation methods (direct extraction and vacuum distillation/extraction) in combination with GC-MS and GC-sniffing were applied to the same freshly boiled
Laboratory Animals, 2002
Postprandial hyperlipidaemia is believed to be at herogenic. T his study aim ed to establ ish a m... more Postprandial hyperlipidaemia is believed to be at herogenic. T his study aim ed to establ ish a minipig model to investigate determinants of postprandial lipid metabolism. In a randomized cross-over design seven minipigs were subjected to six different feeding regimens: intragastric fat loads of 1, 2, and 4 g fat (Intralipid 1 , 20% ) kg ¡1 in two fractions 1.5 h apart (1 =3 ®rst, 2=3 second), 2 g fat (Intralipid 1 ) kg ¡1 in one fraction, and 2 g olive oil kg ¡1 in two fractions, all after pre-feeding with standard diet, and ®nally 2 g fat (Intralipid 1 ) kg ¡1 in two fract ions without pre-feeding. Blood was sampled before and hourly for 7 h after gavaging, and plasma triglyc erides were measured. Triglycerides increased signi®cantly in all the feeding regimens (P < 0.001 ), except when olive oil was used as the fat source. A borderline signi®cant dose-response effect of the Intralipid 1 dose on the triglyc eride response was observed. We found no signi®cant differences in triglyceride response whether 2 g fat (Intralipid 1 ) kg ¡1 was given in one or two fract ions, with or without pre-feeding. We conclude that postprandial hyperlipidaem ia in minipigs can be induced by gavaging an emulgated lipid solution (1±4 g fat =kg, Intralipid 1 ), while olive oil is not applicabl e. T here is no need to administer the fat fractionated or to withhold food prior to administration.
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 2002
In the patients with no bone bruise the number of ligament injuries was lower.
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 2002
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1999
Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 2006
The purposes or this study were to (a) describe the prevention practices of nurse practitioners (... more The purposes or this study were to (a) describe the prevention practices of nurse practitioners (NPs) regarding childhood obesity, (b) compare the practices of NPs by specialty, practice setting, and awareness of childhood obesity prevention guidelines, (c) identify relationships between prevention practices and demographic variables of NPs, and (d) examine the resources for and barriers to implementing prevention practices. A convenience sample of 99 family NPs (FNPs) and pediatric NPs (PNPs) from the Intermountain area was used. Participants completed a questionnaire based on documented risk factors for childhood obesity as well as prevention guidelines developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). NPs working in family practice or general pediatric practice settings were not consistently using the BMI-for-age index to screen for childhood obesity, as recommended by the AAP. However, they were teaching parents to promote healthy food choices and physical activity in their families. PNPs and FNPs working in a pediatric practice setting and NPs who were aware of prevention guidelines were more likely to perform several prevention strategies than FNPs working in a family practice setting and those who were unaware of guidelines. Major barriers to implementing childhood obesity prevention strategies included parental attitudes, the American lifestyle, and lack of resources for both the NP and the family. The main resources NPs used in preventing childhood obesity were a dietician, journal articles, and Web sites. Although the majority of the NPs in this study reported being aware of childhood obesity prevention guidelines (73.7%), most were not consistently using BMI for age or monitoring children at increased risk for obesity. Because childhood obesity is escalating at such a rapid rate, it is critical that NPs working in family practice and pediatric practice settings take the necessary steps to help curtail obesity in childhood, including calculating BMI for age, targeting children at risk, and helping families develop healthy nutrition and physical activity habits. In addition to proper health supervision of children, NPs also need to be advocates in their communities to overcome barriers to childhood obesity prevention.
Journal of Food Science, 1995
ABSTRACT Cultivars of shredded iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativu L.)'Saladin','Santi... more ABSTRACT Cultivars of shredded iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativu L.)'Saladin','Santis','Telda'and 'Roxette'responded in a parallel way to four modified atmosphere (MA) packaging treatments. Moderate vacuum packaging (mvp) in 80 μm polyethylene (PE) inhibited ...