Erik Longo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Erik Longo

Research paper thumbnail of ICT e Parlamenti: oltre la mera diffusione dei contenuti

Research paper thumbnail of Il procedimento di revisione dello statuto, l'entrata in vigore e le norme transitorie

Research paper thumbnail of La lingua come fattore di integrazione sociale e politica

Research paper thumbnail of Constitutional Challenges in the Algorithmic Society

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Nov 1, 2021

Is a future in which our emotions are being detected in real time and tracked, both in private an... more Is a future in which our emotions are being detected in real time and tracked, both in private and public spaces, dawning? Looking at recent technological developments, studies, patents, and ongoing experimentations, this may well be the case. 1 In its Declaration on the manipulative capabilities of algorithmic processes of February 2019, the Council of Europe's Committee of Ministers alerts us for the growing capacity of contemporary machine learning tools not only to predict choices but also to influence emotions, thoughts, and even actions, sometimes subliminally. 2 This certainly adds a new dimension to existing computational means, which increasingly make it possible to infer intimate and detailed information about individuals from readily available data, facilitating the microtargeting of individuals based on profiles in a way that may profoundly affect * The chapter is based on the keynote delivered by P. Valcke at the inaugural conference 'Constitutional Challenges in the Algorithmic Society' of the IACL Research Group on Algorithmic State Market & Society-Constitutional Dimensions', which was held from 9 to 11 May 2019 in Florence (Italy). It draws heavily from the PhD thesis of D. Clifford, entitled 'The Legal Limits to the Monetisation of Online Emotions' and defended at KU Leuven-Faculty of Law on July 3, 2019, to which the reader is referred for a more in-depth discussion. 1 For some illustrations, see B. Doerrfeld, '20+ Emotion Recognition APIs That Will Leave You Impressed, and Concerned' (Article 2015) https://nordicapis.com/20-emotion-recognition-apis-thatwill-leave-you-impressed-and-concerned/ accessed 11 June 2020; M. Zhao, F. Adib and D. Katabi, 'EQ-Radio: Emotion Recognition using Wireless Signals' (Paper 2016) http://eqradio.csail.mit.edu/ accessed 11 June 2020; CB Insights, 'Facebook's Emotion Tech: Patents Show New Ways for Detecting and Responding to Users' Feelings' (Article 2017) www.cbinsights.com/research/facebookemotion-patents-analysis/ accessed 11 June 2020; R. Murdoch et al., 'How to Build a Responsible Future for Emotional AI' (Research Report 2020) www.accenture.com/fi-en/insights/softwareplatforms/emotional-ai accessed 11 June 2020. Gartner predicts that by 2022, 10 per cent of personal devices will have emotion AI capabilities, either on-device or via cloud services, up from less than 1% in 2018: Gartner, 'Gartner Highlights 10 Uses for AI-Powered Smartphones' (Press Release 2018) www .gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2018-03-20-gartner-highlights-10-uses-for-ai-powered-smart phones accessed

Research paper thumbnail of Fusione d'oro o d'ottone

Research paper thumbnail of Dati e statistiche sui decreti-legge

Research paper thumbnail of AcceLerate Innovation in urban wastewater management for Climate changE - ALICE

Research paper thumbnail of Hospital Public Spaces from a Legal Point of View

Research paper thumbnail of Focus on Rights: Visibility

Research paper thumbnail of Recenti tendenze nell’uso delle direttive da parte del Presidente del Consiglio

Research paper thumbnail of Quality Living Enabled by Self-Management of Health (QUALIEL)

Research paper thumbnail of Gli effetti diretti e indiretti dell'integrazione costituzionale europea sulle fonti statali: spunti ricostruttivi

Sommario 1. Introduzione.-2. Le trasformazioni delle fonti interne alla luce della europeizzazion... more Sommario 1. Introduzione.-2. Le trasformazioni delle fonti interne alla luce della europeizzazione.-3. Il parziale rinnovamento delle fonti europee deciso con il Trattato di Lisbona.-4. Gli effetti diretti prodotti dalla europeizzazione sulle fonti statali: un quadro sintetico.-5. Gli effetti indiretti prodotti dalla europeizzazione sulle fonti statali: riconfigurazioni della statualità e alterazioni della forma di governo.-5.1. Riconfigurazioni della statualità.-5.2. Alterazioni della forma di governo.-6. Conclusioni. Suggerimento di citazione E. LONGO, Gli effetti diretti e indiretti dell'integrazione costituzionale europea sulle fonti statali: spunti ricostruttivi, in Osservatorio sulle fonti, n. 2/2018. Disponibile in: http://www.osservatoriosullefonti.it * Il presente contributo è la rielaborazione della relazione svolta in occasione del convegno "La Costituzione tra rigidità e trasformazioni" organizzato dalla rivista Osservatorio sulle Fonti il 18 maggio 2018 presso l'Aula Magna del Rettorato dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze, già presentata in occasione della giornata di studi su "L'attuazione del diritto dell'Unione Europea in Italia. Un bilancio a 5 anni dall'entrata in vigore della legge n. 234 del 2012", svoltasi presso la LUISS Guido Carli il 15 gennaio 2018, i cui atti sono in corso di pubblicazione a cura di Enzo Moavero Milanesi e Giovanni Piccirilli.

Research paper thumbnail of Il diritto ai migliori trattamenti sanitari

Research paper thumbnail of L'andamento della decretazione d'urgenza nella XVI legislatura

Research paper thumbnail of La rilettura dei diritti sociali passa per il congedo straordinario a tutela di un parente disabile

Research paper thumbnail of Il “voto a data certa” e i limiti ai decreti: la sfida dell’equilibrio

Research paper thumbnail of Art. 32 (commento a)

Research paper thumbnail of Diversity and Inclusion in Artificial Intelligence

Law and Artificial Intelligence

Research paper thumbnail of Fundamental Rights and the Rule of Law in the Algorithmic Society

Constitutional Challenges in the Algorithmic Society

2.1 new technologies and the rise of the algorithmic society New technologies offer human agents ... more 2.1 new technologies and the rise of the algorithmic society New technologies offer human agents entirely new ways of doing things. 1 However, as history shows, 'practical' innovations always bring with them more significant changes. Each new option introduced by technological evolution allowing new forms affects the substance, eventually changing the way humans think and relate to each other. 2 The transformation is especially true when we consider information and communication technologies (so-called ICT); as indicated by Marshall McLuhan, 'the media is the message'. 3 Furthermore, this scenario has been accelerated by the appearance of artificial intelligence systems (AIS), based on the application of machine learning (ML). These new technologies not only allow people to find information at an incredible speed; they also recast decision-making processes once in the exclusive remit of human beings. 4 By learning from vast amounts of data-the socalled Big Data-AIS offer predictions, evaluations, and hypotheses that go beyond the mere application of pre-existing rules or programs. They instead 'induce' their own rules of action from data analysis; in a word, they make autonomous decisions. 5 1 Pedro Domingos, The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World (Basic Books 2015). 2 One of the most prominent prophets of the idea of a new kind of progress generated through the use of technologies is surely Jeremy Rifkin. See his book The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (St. Martin's Press 2014). 3 Marshall McLuhan and Quentin Fiore, The Medium Is the Massage (Ginko Press 1967). 4 Committee of Experts on Internet Intermediaries of the Council of Europe (MSI-NET), 'Algorithms and Human Rights. Study on the Human Rights Dimensions of Automated Data Processing Techniques and Possible Regulatory Implications' (2016) DGI(2017)12. 5 According to the European Parliament, 'Resolution of 16 February 2017 with recommendations to the Commission on Civil Law Rules on Robotics (2015/2103(INL))' (P8_TA(2017)0051, Bruxelles), 'a robot's autonomy can be defined as the ability to take decisions and implement them in the outside world, independently of external control or influence.' 27

Research paper thumbnail of Episodi e momenti del conflitto Stato-regioni nella gestione della epidemia da COVID-19

Research paper thumbnail of ICT e Parlamenti: oltre la mera diffusione dei contenuti

Research paper thumbnail of Il procedimento di revisione dello statuto, l'entrata in vigore e le norme transitorie

Research paper thumbnail of La lingua come fattore di integrazione sociale e politica

Research paper thumbnail of Constitutional Challenges in the Algorithmic Society

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Nov 1, 2021

Is a future in which our emotions are being detected in real time and tracked, both in private an... more Is a future in which our emotions are being detected in real time and tracked, both in private and public spaces, dawning? Looking at recent technological developments, studies, patents, and ongoing experimentations, this may well be the case. 1 In its Declaration on the manipulative capabilities of algorithmic processes of February 2019, the Council of Europe's Committee of Ministers alerts us for the growing capacity of contemporary machine learning tools not only to predict choices but also to influence emotions, thoughts, and even actions, sometimes subliminally. 2 This certainly adds a new dimension to existing computational means, which increasingly make it possible to infer intimate and detailed information about individuals from readily available data, facilitating the microtargeting of individuals based on profiles in a way that may profoundly affect * The chapter is based on the keynote delivered by P. Valcke at the inaugural conference 'Constitutional Challenges in the Algorithmic Society' of the IACL Research Group on Algorithmic State Market & Society-Constitutional Dimensions', which was held from 9 to 11 May 2019 in Florence (Italy). It draws heavily from the PhD thesis of D. Clifford, entitled 'The Legal Limits to the Monetisation of Online Emotions' and defended at KU Leuven-Faculty of Law on July 3, 2019, to which the reader is referred for a more in-depth discussion. 1 For some illustrations, see B. Doerrfeld, '20+ Emotion Recognition APIs That Will Leave You Impressed, and Concerned' (Article 2015) https://nordicapis.com/20-emotion-recognition-apis-thatwill-leave-you-impressed-and-concerned/ accessed 11 June 2020; M. Zhao, F. Adib and D. Katabi, 'EQ-Radio: Emotion Recognition using Wireless Signals' (Paper 2016) http://eqradio.csail.mit.edu/ accessed 11 June 2020; CB Insights, 'Facebook's Emotion Tech: Patents Show New Ways for Detecting and Responding to Users' Feelings' (Article 2017) www.cbinsights.com/research/facebookemotion-patents-analysis/ accessed 11 June 2020; R. Murdoch et al., 'How to Build a Responsible Future for Emotional AI' (Research Report 2020) www.accenture.com/fi-en/insights/softwareplatforms/emotional-ai accessed 11 June 2020. Gartner predicts that by 2022, 10 per cent of personal devices will have emotion AI capabilities, either on-device or via cloud services, up from less than 1% in 2018: Gartner, 'Gartner Highlights 10 Uses for AI-Powered Smartphones' (Press Release 2018) www .gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2018-03-20-gartner-highlights-10-uses-for-ai-powered-smart phones accessed

Research paper thumbnail of Fusione d'oro o d'ottone

Research paper thumbnail of Dati e statistiche sui decreti-legge

Research paper thumbnail of AcceLerate Innovation in urban wastewater management for Climate changE - ALICE

Research paper thumbnail of Hospital Public Spaces from a Legal Point of View

Research paper thumbnail of Focus on Rights: Visibility

Research paper thumbnail of Recenti tendenze nell’uso delle direttive da parte del Presidente del Consiglio

Research paper thumbnail of Quality Living Enabled by Self-Management of Health (QUALIEL)

Research paper thumbnail of Gli effetti diretti e indiretti dell'integrazione costituzionale europea sulle fonti statali: spunti ricostruttivi

Sommario 1. Introduzione.-2. Le trasformazioni delle fonti interne alla luce della europeizzazion... more Sommario 1. Introduzione.-2. Le trasformazioni delle fonti interne alla luce della europeizzazione.-3. Il parziale rinnovamento delle fonti europee deciso con il Trattato di Lisbona.-4. Gli effetti diretti prodotti dalla europeizzazione sulle fonti statali: un quadro sintetico.-5. Gli effetti indiretti prodotti dalla europeizzazione sulle fonti statali: riconfigurazioni della statualità e alterazioni della forma di governo.-5.1. Riconfigurazioni della statualità.-5.2. Alterazioni della forma di governo.-6. Conclusioni. Suggerimento di citazione E. LONGO, Gli effetti diretti e indiretti dell'integrazione costituzionale europea sulle fonti statali: spunti ricostruttivi, in Osservatorio sulle fonti, n. 2/2018. Disponibile in: http://www.osservatoriosullefonti.it * Il presente contributo è la rielaborazione della relazione svolta in occasione del convegno "La Costituzione tra rigidità e trasformazioni" organizzato dalla rivista Osservatorio sulle Fonti il 18 maggio 2018 presso l'Aula Magna del Rettorato dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze, già presentata in occasione della giornata di studi su "L'attuazione del diritto dell'Unione Europea in Italia. Un bilancio a 5 anni dall'entrata in vigore della legge n. 234 del 2012", svoltasi presso la LUISS Guido Carli il 15 gennaio 2018, i cui atti sono in corso di pubblicazione a cura di Enzo Moavero Milanesi e Giovanni Piccirilli.

Research paper thumbnail of Il diritto ai migliori trattamenti sanitari

Research paper thumbnail of L'andamento della decretazione d'urgenza nella XVI legislatura

Research paper thumbnail of La rilettura dei diritti sociali passa per il congedo straordinario a tutela di un parente disabile

Research paper thumbnail of Il “voto a data certa” e i limiti ai decreti: la sfida dell’equilibrio

Research paper thumbnail of Art. 32 (commento a)

Research paper thumbnail of Diversity and Inclusion in Artificial Intelligence

Law and Artificial Intelligence

Research paper thumbnail of Fundamental Rights and the Rule of Law in the Algorithmic Society

Constitutional Challenges in the Algorithmic Society

2.1 new technologies and the rise of the algorithmic society New technologies offer human agents ... more 2.1 new technologies and the rise of the algorithmic society New technologies offer human agents entirely new ways of doing things. 1 However, as history shows, 'practical' innovations always bring with them more significant changes. Each new option introduced by technological evolution allowing new forms affects the substance, eventually changing the way humans think and relate to each other. 2 The transformation is especially true when we consider information and communication technologies (so-called ICT); as indicated by Marshall McLuhan, 'the media is the message'. 3 Furthermore, this scenario has been accelerated by the appearance of artificial intelligence systems (AIS), based on the application of machine learning (ML). These new technologies not only allow people to find information at an incredible speed; they also recast decision-making processes once in the exclusive remit of human beings. 4 By learning from vast amounts of data-the socalled Big Data-AIS offer predictions, evaluations, and hypotheses that go beyond the mere application of pre-existing rules or programs. They instead 'induce' their own rules of action from data analysis; in a word, they make autonomous decisions. 5 1 Pedro Domingos, The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World (Basic Books 2015). 2 One of the most prominent prophets of the idea of a new kind of progress generated through the use of technologies is surely Jeremy Rifkin. See his book The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (St. Martin's Press 2014). 3 Marshall McLuhan and Quentin Fiore, The Medium Is the Massage (Ginko Press 1967). 4 Committee of Experts on Internet Intermediaries of the Council of Europe (MSI-NET), 'Algorithms and Human Rights. Study on the Human Rights Dimensions of Automated Data Processing Techniques and Possible Regulatory Implications' (2016) DGI(2017)12. 5 According to the European Parliament, 'Resolution of 16 February 2017 with recommendations to the Commission on Civil Law Rules on Robotics (2015/2103(INL))' (P8_TA(2017)0051, Bruxelles), 'a robot's autonomy can be defined as the ability to take decisions and implement them in the outside world, independently of external control or influence.' 27

Research paper thumbnail of Episodi e momenti del conflitto Stato-regioni nella gestione della epidemia da COVID-19