Loretta Bradley - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Loretta Bradley

The Family Journal, Jun 20, 2012

Counseling and values, 1997

Between 2 and 5 million young adults are involved in cult groups in the United States. Psychohist... more Between 2 and 5 million young adults are involved in cult groups in the United States. Psychohistorical influences, family dynamics, and religious values affect an individual's susceptibility to joining a cult. Cult affiliation affects the cult member and his or her family members. Although cults have high conversion rates, they also have high rates of disaffiliation. Counselors working with those who join and leave cults need to develop an awareness of clinical symptoms associated with doing so and use appropriate interventions. Between 2 and 5 million young adults between the ages of 18 and 25 in the United States are involved in approximately 2,000 to 5,000 cult groups (Bloch & Shor, 1989;Collins & Frantz, 1994; Crawley, Paulina, & White, 1990; West & Singer, 1980). Cults are defined as groups having the characteristics of (a) a group of people following a strong, living leader; (b) a group making absolute claims about the leader's abilities, character, or knowledge; (c) a group accepting the leader's claims; (d) a member demonstrating complete loyalty to the leader; and (e) a membership dependent on total willingness to obey the leader (Ottenburg, 1982). Cults provide young adults an opportunity to separate from their families and renounce mainstream traditional values (Schwartz & Kaslow, 1979). Families typically represent conventional future interests and responsibilities to the cult member, and individuals who join cult movements do not take future interests and responsibilities into consideration. The cult replaces the individual's previous family support systems

Adultspan Journal

This article presents a case study about a fictional client's experience of complicated grief. Th... more This article presents a case study about a fictional client's experience of complicated grief. This article differentiates between complicated grief and normal (adaptive) grief. It also distinguishes between bereavement, grief, and mourning. The counseling process is described using developmental theory and narrative reconstruction to illustrate how to implement creative techniques.

Education and Training in Mental Retardation, 1991

Journal of mental health counseling, Dec 30, 2020

This article presents a fictional case study that illustrates the use of a model for storytelling... more This article presents a fictional case study that illustrates the use of a model for storytelling, focusing on counseling with traumatically abused children. A review of information on child welfare is presented with a historical account of expressive modalities used in the therapeutic context when working with children. Since stories provide a developmentally appropriate means of communication, a brief review on the efficacy of using storytelling techniques with children is also provided. While the value of stories is inherent and commonly known, formal methods for utilizing stories in counseling are lacking. This article creates a foundation in which counselors can embrace storytelling as they seek to understand the stories with which children work. A fictional case vignette further illustrates the use of a model for storytelling.

The Clinical Supervisor, Aug 27, 1984

A skill development model of supervision- microsupervision is presented. This training model addr... more A skill development model of supervision- microsupervision is presented. This training model addresses the need for identifying the skills and knowledge for training university counselor educators and supervisors in mental health related agencies in supervisory skills. Specifically, it is designed to provide a systematic approach for training clinical supervisors involved in pursuing continuing professional education and in staff development activities. This model views the supervisory process as consisting of specific skill components which can be taught following a three stage model of Assessment, Modeling, and Transfer. Analytical and intensive in involving the learner, thism odel individualizes supervision, adaptable to the level of proficiency of the supervisor and to the skills unique to the supervisor's needs.

The Family Journal, Mar 24, 2022

The Family Journal, Nov 13, 2021

This remembrance of Dr. Robert L. Smith, 63rd President of the American Counseling Association, c... more This remembrance of Dr. Robert L. Smith, 63rd President of the American Counseling Association, contains recollections, tributes, and anecdotes about the life career of a major contributor to the profession of counseling. Dr. Smith's roles as collaborator and mentor are evidenced in the words of students, colleagues, and leaders. He founded the International Association of Marriage and Family Counselors and served as Executive Director of the organization. Personal qualities enabled Dr. Smith to share his gifts with those he mentored. His influence in counselor education will continue through the lives of those who knew and loved him.

Gifted Education International, Apr 1, 2005

Adultspan Journal, Sep 1, 2007

The authors examine the concepts of ego integrity life review, and narrative reconstruction as co... more The authors examine the concepts of ego integrity life review, and narrative reconstruction as cornerstones of theory that inform counseling practice with aging adults. Contemporary theories of grief reconciliation are proposed as useful models for understanding and creatively addressing the needs of adults who are 60 years and older. ********** Erik Erikson (1963) offered a widely accepted conceptualization of the psychosocial approach to development across the life span. Within this schema, Erikson outlined the issue of ego integrity as the central developmental task of the maturing adult. He described this as the evaluation of one's life contribution as worthy (Erikson, 1963; Levinson, 1978). The literature on contemporary grief research similarly presents adults' need to review life in hopes of making peace with their life story. Robert Butler, a pioneer in gerontology, is the founding director of the National Institute on Aging and the originator of the concept life review. Butler (2002) stated, "the strength of life review lies in its ability to help promote life satisfaction, psychological well-being, and self-esteem" (p. 6). In addition, contemporary models of mourning discussed the process of narrative reconstruction, the story-making and storytelling process of restoring meaning after loss (Neimeyer, 2001). The purpose of this article is threefold. First, in this article, we synthesize the three concepts of ego integrity, life review, and narrative reconstruction to expand theoretical models and counseling practices with aging adults. Second, we suggest that grief reconciliation is a beneficial lens through which an understanding of the work inherent in reviewing life as integrity can be viewed. Third, we discuss narrative reconstruction methodologies as creative interventions for affecting the developmental needs of adults 60 years of age or older when the crisis of integrity versus despair initially emerges at the forefront. INTEGRITY, REVIEW, AND RECONSTRUCTION Synthesizing the concepts of ego integrity, life review, and narrative reconstruction enables counselors to expand their conceptualization of the developmental demands specific to aging adults. When Erikson (1963) described the task of ego integrity, he discussed the individual's perspective on the meaningfulness and worth of the cumulative choices that compose the story of the individual's life. Aging adults who master this developmental crisis are able to reflect on and conclude that their lives are productive, satisfactory, and valuable. "Such a person views his or her own being as congruent with the purpose, rhyme, and reason of life and develops a great deal of ego strength or ego integrity from this awareness" (Salkind, 2004, p. 152). Therefore, ego integrity refers to a successful review of life, a crisis with introspection as the critical foundation. On the other side of Erikson's task of ego integrity is the tragedy experienced if the retrospective look is evaluated as despairing and meaningless. On a developmental level, we counselors hope the individual navigates through the past and finds the accumulated grace, learning, order, and benefit in the creation of the narrative as it is lived and as it is nearing the end. Buder's (2002) concept of life review is predicated on the experience of death unique to this life stage. This perspective on death has its beginnings in midlife when adults "see both the finish and starting lines of their life" (Doka, 2002, p. 25). The increasing sense of mortality often brings a crisis leading to reevaluation, recommitment, and reprioritization as the issue of "time remaining" is felt. For many adults, the awareness of mortality "forces individuals to find or to construct significance and meaning in life" (Doka, 2002, p. 26). In maturing adults, an awareness of finitude (Marshall, 1980) brings to the forefront a life review process wherein individuals seek to affirm the value of their past. …

This book was written to provide information about the principles, process, and practice of couns... more This book was written to provide information about the principles, process, and practice of counselor supervision for both clinical and administrative supervisors. The 12 chapters of the book are organized under three major headings. Part I, Counselor Supervision: Essentials for Training, consists of chapters 1 and 2. Chapter 1 includes the basic principles, roles, and functions involved in effective supervisory practice for administrative and clinical supervisors. Chapter 2 describes the essentials necessary for a supervisory relationship. Part II, Models of Supervision, includes five chapters: chapters 3 through 7 focus on the psychotherapeutic model, the behavioral model, the integrative model, tne systems model, and a developmental model, respectively. Part III contains five chapters focusing on the practice of supervision. Chapter 8 illustrates the implementation of the developmental model into supervisory practice. Using case illustrations, chapter 9 describes experiential supervision. Chapter 10 focuses on group supervision, chapter 11 examines ethical principles in supervision, and chapter 12 presents a model for supervision training. References are included at the end of each chapter. (NB)

Professional school counseling, Dec 1, 2002

Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, Mar 8, 2023

The Clinical Supervisor, Sep 11, 1987

... Accredited programs showed four times more variability in this aspect of supervised experienc... more ... Accredited programs showed four times more variability in this aspect of supervised experiences. Hollis and Wantz (1983) noted the trend of an increasing shift of supervision responsibility to Page 7. Lorefla I. Bradley and Bill K Richardson I03 ...

Journal of Employment Counseling, Sep 1, 1985

A criminal record is often a severe employment handicap. Through career counseling, employment co... more A criminal record is often a severe employment handicap. Through career counseling, employment counselors have a unique opportunity to enhance the likelihood that the ex-offender will successfully make the transition from prison to community. The results of a career program conducted with ex-offenders are described in this study.

The Family Journal, Nov 25, 2019

Challenges in adoptive families are well-documented; however, a lack of empirical research on the... more Challenges in adoptive families are well-documented; however, a lack of empirical research on the preadoption preparation of prospective adoptive parents for these common challenges exists. The purpose of this study was to seek a more thorough understanding of the education and preparation adoptive parents receive regarding potential child issues in international adoption. A qualitative research design was utilized to gain more in-depth knowledge of the international adoption experience that included preadoption education, transitioning into a new family structure, and services utilized. Ten participants, who are parents of internationally adopted children, were recruited for this qualitative study. Three research questions were developed regarding the challenges adoptive parents experience, how preadoption services could be improved, and participants' perceptions of preadoption training. The following six primary themes were identified: purpose, attachment, challenges experienced, inconsistent preparation, support systems, and families utilizing mental health services. Recommendations for professional practice are presented, including more current and consistent training for prospective adoptive parents as well as recommendations for increasing the numbers of family counselors with adoption expertise and enhancing counselor training to address adoption issues.

Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals, Oct 1, 1984

Historically, persons classified as moderately, severely, or profoundly handicapped have had limi... more Historically, persons classified as moderately, severely, or profoundly handicapped have had limited access to the job market (Levy, 1983). Yet researchers have illustrated that, if given the opportunity, profoundly handicapped individuals can become productive members of society. This article is based on the premises that work is meaningful and important to mentally handicapped persons and that there are numerous barriers to procuring adequate work for individuals in sheltered settings. A model is proposed that provides a systematic technique for procuring subcontract work without disrupting the skill training aspect of workshop programs.