Louise Cossette - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Louise Cossette
Sante Mentale Au Quebec, 1990
Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie, 1986
Le langage de huit mères francophones adressé à leur enfant de 3 mois est enregistré à domicile e... more Le langage de huit mères francophones adressé à leur enfant de 3 mois est enregistré à domicile en deux contextes distincts: lors d'une interaction libre et lors du bain de l'enfant. Les analyses portent sur les durées des énonces et des pauses du langage des méres et sur leurs ...
Santé mentale au Québec, 1990
This article examines the common admission that men express their emotions less than do women. Re... more This article examines the common admission that men express their emotions less than do women. Research data shows little difference between the behaviours of boys and girls before adolescence. During adulthood, however, evidence points to men being less expressive than women except in situations involving aggressive behaviour. Men's diminished expressiveness is apparent in a context of intimate interaction. But in situations where they compete for social status, men seem more likely to express emotions. The authors suggest that more studies take into account the social contexts of emotional expressiveness generated by division of labor based on sex.
Canadian journal of psychology, 1986
Santé mentale au Québec, 1990
Sex Roles, 1996
While observational studies of the emotional expressions of women and men have revealed several c... more While observational studies of the emotional expressions of women and men have revealed several consistent patterns of gender differences, data pertaining to the emotional expressions of male and female infants are largely inconsistent. Attempting to trace the course of early emotional development in female and male infants, we undertook to compare the emotional expressions of boys and girls at 21/2 and 5 months of age in a vanety of situations. Alt infants who participated in the study were from French-speaking Caucasian families of low and middle class. At each age level, infants were observed in a social and nonsocial situation. The social situation began with a mother-infant interaction, followed by a period during which the mother remained silent and still-faced. In the nonsocial situation, a mobile was presented and then removed. Infants' facial expressions were coded using the AFFEX system. Direction of gaze was also coded. Overall, boys' and girls' reactions were quite similar. At both ages, male and female infants spent more time looking at the toy than at their mother and showed more expressions of interest toward the toy. They also smiled more while interacting with their mother and displayed more negative expressions when facing their still-faced mother. One gender difference was found: At 21/2 months, girls smiled more than boys while interacting with their mother. Several explanations are proposed to account for these findings.
International Journal of Behavioral Development, 1995
This study explored the increasing abilities of infants to play and comprehend the rules and stru... more This study explored the increasing abilities of infants to play and comprehend the rules and structures of mother-infant games. A total of 25 infants were videotaped as they played peek-a-boo and ball with their mothers at 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 months of age. Behaviours related to the mood of the infants and to their game-relevant gestures were analysed. Crucial game gestures and mood behaviours changed significantly with age. However, the pattern of change differed for the two games. Moreover, at each age level, each game was associated with a distinct pattern of behaviours. These results are described as indices of the infants' mastery of the rules and structures of the game.
Infant Behavior and Development, 1991
ABSTRACT Many studies conducted with children have reported a higher activity level in boys. Howe... more ABSTRACT Many studies conducted with children have reported a higher activity level in boys. However, very few studies bearing on infant motor activity have found significant sex differences, and no clear pattern of differentiation has emerged from these data. To further investigate the motor activity of boys and girls during early infancy, the durations and frequencies of their trunk and limb movements and of periods of inactivity and the vigor of their head and limb movements were compared within different situations at and 5 months of age. The durations and frequencies of movements and of periods of inactivity did not differ substantially in boys and girls. The measures of vigor yielded more significant results, but no stable sex differences emerged. The contribution of physiological and environmental factors to the sexual differentiation of motor activity is discussed.
Enfance, 1998
ABSTRACT Emotional reactions to unfamiliar objects and sensorimotor causality in infants The aim ... more ABSTRACT Emotional reactions to unfamiliar objects and sensorimotor causality in infants The aim of the present study was to examine the relation between the development of sensorimotor causality and infants' emotional reactions to unfamiliar objects. Twenty-seven infants participated in five experimental sessions between the ages of 6 and 18 months. At each session, infants' visual fixations towards the objects were measured and their facial expressions of emotions were coded using max (Izard, 1983). In order to assess the development of sensorimotor causality, infants were also presented with a variety of cognitive tasks. A significant increase was observed in the duration of facial expressions of interest and of visual fixations towards the objects as infants reached Stages IV and V of sensorimotor causality. These changes in infants' reactions might be related to the transition from a magico-phenomenist notion of to a more objective notion.
Sex Roles, 2011
Patterns of interactional synchrony were compared in mother-child and father-child dyads during d... more Patterns of interactional synchrony were compared in mother-child and father-child dyads during dyadic and triadic interactions. Forty-two dual-earner families from the French province of Québec, Canada, participated in the study with their 32 months-old child. Parent-child interactions were coded using a taxonomy including the social partners' physical proximity, visual and body orientation, and dyadic involvement. Analyses show similar patterns of interactional synchrony in mother-child and father-child dyads in the dyadic context while father-child dyads presented less interactional synchrony than mother-child dyads when interacting in triad. Discussion focuses on the impact of the context and on the factors that could explain the changes in father-child patterns of interaction from one context to another.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 19424620 2012 783423, May 31, 2013
Based on a family systems approach, our objective is to understand how postpartum depression (PPD... more Based on a family systems approach, our objective is to understand how postpartum depression (PPD) affects and is affected by family relationships. Specifically, we intend to better understand the relationship between PPD, father's involvement with the child and the marital and co-parental relationship. Fathers' and mothers' depression in the years following their child's birth is also considered. This study is part of a larger four-year longitudinal project on the origins and consequences of postpartum depression in low-income Brazilian families conducted at Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. A subsample of 65 mothers completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) three months after delivery. The mothers and 45 fathers completed the EPDS three years later. Mothers and fathers evaluated their family relationships at their child's third birthday. High percentages of depression were found in mothers at both periods and in fathers three years following their child's birth. Mothers' negative perception of father involvement and of the co-parental and marital relationship was related to their own depression and to their partner's depression. Fathers' own depression was related to their perception of greater involvement in the family. Fathers also reported being more involved with their three-year-old child when mothers had PPD. These findings reinforce the necessity of involving the whole family in prevention programs and treatment.
Can J Behav Sci, 2001
Plusieurs auteurs sont d'avis que le langage adressé au nourrisson pourrait jouer dès le... more Plusieurs auteurs sont d'avis que le langage adressé au nourrisson pourrait jouer dès les premiers mois suivant la naissance un rôle important dans la socialisation des émotions. La présente recherche a pour objectif de tenter de cerner ce rôle. Quarante et un nourrissons et leur mère participent à quatre séances d'interaction face à face au cours de la première année. L'analyse du contenu du langage des mères montre qu'une proportion importante de leurs énoncés porte sur les expressions d'émotion ou sur les états affectifs de leur nourrisson, ou encore, sur des événements qui suscitent chez lui des réactions émotives. Les référents du langage maternel semblent, en partie, déterminés par les comportements des nourrissons. On trouve, toutefois, peu de liens entre le langage des mères à 1 et 2 mois et les expressions d'émotion de leur nourrisson à 6 et 9 mois.
Can J Behav Sci, 1999
La présente étude a pour objectif de cerner l’émergence de la capacité cognitive de distinguer pe... more La présente étude a pour objectif de cerner l’émergence de la capacité cognitive de distinguer personne et objet au cours des tout premiers mois suivant la naissance. Trente-huit nourrissons participent à deux séances expérimentales, la première à l’âge de 4 semaines, la seconde à 10 semaines. Chacune des séances comporte six épisodes auxquels prennent part, tour à tour, leur mère, une personne étrangère et une poupée dans deux conditions: une condition "active" et une condition "inactive". Les analyses portent sur les expressions faciales, les fixations visuelles et les vocalisations des nourrissons. On relève, dès l’âge de 4 semaines, des différences dans la façon dont se comportent les nourrissons en présence des personnes et de la poupée: ils sourient davantage à leur mère et à l’étrangère et leur adressent plus de vocalisations qu’à la poupée. Ces différences sont, toutefois, fortement reliés à l’activité des stimuli présentés.
Child Abuse & Neglect, 2015
Maltreated children show poor emotion regulation competencies compared to non-maltreated children... more Maltreated children show poor emotion regulation competencies compared to non-maltreated children. Emotion regulation has been found to mediate the association between maltreatment and behavior problems in children. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships among child sexual abuse (CSA), emotion regulation (ER), and internalized and externalized behavior problems in preschoolers using conditional process analyses. ER competencies were assessed in 127 children aged 41-79 months (62 abused, 65 non-abused) by their parents (N=124) and early childhood educators (N=88) using the Emotion Regulation Checklist (Shields & Cicchetti, 1995, 1997). Behavior problems were evaluated by parents using the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2000, 2001). ER was found to completely mediate the relation between CSA and internalized behavior problems and partially mediate the relation between CSA and externalized behavior problems. Parents' and educators' evaluations of ER were also found to differ as a function of child gender. The discussion focuses on the relationships among CSA, ER, behavior problems, and child gender. The clinical implications of these findings are also examined. Promoting the optimal development of ER could prevent the emergence and exacerbation of behavior problems in these at-risk children and, in turn, foster resilience.
Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 2015
Emotion regulation is closely related to mental health in children and adults. Low emotion regula... more Emotion regulation is closely related to mental health in children and adults. Low emotion regulation competencies have been found in school-aged sexually abused girls. The aim of the present study was to investigate emotion regulation competencies in sexually abused preschool girls and boys using a multi-informant approach. Emotion regulation was assessed in 62 sexually abused and 65 non-abused preschoolers using the Emotion Regulation Checklist and the MacArthur Story Stem Battery. Both parents and educators reported lower emotion regulation competencies in sexually abused preschoolers, especially boys, than in non-abused children. The narrative task completed by the children also revealed lower emotion regulation competencies in sexually abused boys. These findings could have an important impact on intervention programs offered to these at-risk children.
Santé mentale au Québec, 1991
In the weeks and months that follow the birth of a child, between 10 and 20 per cent of mothers e... more In the weeks and months that follow the birth of a child, between 10 and 20 per cent of mothers experience serious or moderate symptoms of depression. This state of psychological distress affects the mother-infant interaction, and can modify the child's development in the longer term. Recent studies increasingly link these symptoms to environmental and psychosocial stress factors. The setting up of relevant and efficient prevention and promotion programs requires a better understanding of the effect of stress and social support on the mental health of mothers.
Santé mentale au Québec, 1991
Sante Mentale Au Quebec, 1990
Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie, 1986
Le langage de huit mères francophones adressé à leur enfant de 3 mois est enregistré à domicile e... more Le langage de huit mères francophones adressé à leur enfant de 3 mois est enregistré à domicile en deux contextes distincts: lors d'une interaction libre et lors du bain de l'enfant. Les analyses portent sur les durées des énonces et des pauses du langage des méres et sur leurs ...
Santé mentale au Québec, 1990
This article examines the common admission that men express their emotions less than do women. Re... more This article examines the common admission that men express their emotions less than do women. Research data shows little difference between the behaviours of boys and girls before adolescence. During adulthood, however, evidence points to men being less expressive than women except in situations involving aggressive behaviour. Men's diminished expressiveness is apparent in a context of intimate interaction. But in situations where they compete for social status, men seem more likely to express emotions. The authors suggest that more studies take into account the social contexts of emotional expressiveness generated by division of labor based on sex.
Canadian journal of psychology, 1986
Santé mentale au Québec, 1990
Sex Roles, 1996
While observational studies of the emotional expressions of women and men have revealed several c... more While observational studies of the emotional expressions of women and men have revealed several consistent patterns of gender differences, data pertaining to the emotional expressions of male and female infants are largely inconsistent. Attempting to trace the course of early emotional development in female and male infants, we undertook to compare the emotional expressions of boys and girls at 21/2 and 5 months of age in a vanety of situations. Alt infants who participated in the study were from French-speaking Caucasian families of low and middle class. At each age level, infants were observed in a social and nonsocial situation. The social situation began with a mother-infant interaction, followed by a period during which the mother remained silent and still-faced. In the nonsocial situation, a mobile was presented and then removed. Infants' facial expressions were coded using the AFFEX system. Direction of gaze was also coded. Overall, boys' and girls' reactions were quite similar. At both ages, male and female infants spent more time looking at the toy than at their mother and showed more expressions of interest toward the toy. They also smiled more while interacting with their mother and displayed more negative expressions when facing their still-faced mother. One gender difference was found: At 21/2 months, girls smiled more than boys while interacting with their mother. Several explanations are proposed to account for these findings.
International Journal of Behavioral Development, 1995
This study explored the increasing abilities of infants to play and comprehend the rules and stru... more This study explored the increasing abilities of infants to play and comprehend the rules and structures of mother-infant games. A total of 25 infants were videotaped as they played peek-a-boo and ball with their mothers at 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 months of age. Behaviours related to the mood of the infants and to their game-relevant gestures were analysed. Crucial game gestures and mood behaviours changed significantly with age. However, the pattern of change differed for the two games. Moreover, at each age level, each game was associated with a distinct pattern of behaviours. These results are described as indices of the infants' mastery of the rules and structures of the game.
Infant Behavior and Development, 1991
ABSTRACT Many studies conducted with children have reported a higher activity level in boys. Howe... more ABSTRACT Many studies conducted with children have reported a higher activity level in boys. However, very few studies bearing on infant motor activity have found significant sex differences, and no clear pattern of differentiation has emerged from these data. To further investigate the motor activity of boys and girls during early infancy, the durations and frequencies of their trunk and limb movements and of periods of inactivity and the vigor of their head and limb movements were compared within different situations at and 5 months of age. The durations and frequencies of movements and of periods of inactivity did not differ substantially in boys and girls. The measures of vigor yielded more significant results, but no stable sex differences emerged. The contribution of physiological and environmental factors to the sexual differentiation of motor activity is discussed.
Enfance, 1998
ABSTRACT Emotional reactions to unfamiliar objects and sensorimotor causality in infants The aim ... more ABSTRACT Emotional reactions to unfamiliar objects and sensorimotor causality in infants The aim of the present study was to examine the relation between the development of sensorimotor causality and infants' emotional reactions to unfamiliar objects. Twenty-seven infants participated in five experimental sessions between the ages of 6 and 18 months. At each session, infants' visual fixations towards the objects were measured and their facial expressions of emotions were coded using max (Izard, 1983). In order to assess the development of sensorimotor causality, infants were also presented with a variety of cognitive tasks. A significant increase was observed in the duration of facial expressions of interest and of visual fixations towards the objects as infants reached Stages IV and V of sensorimotor causality. These changes in infants' reactions might be related to the transition from a magico-phenomenist notion of to a more objective notion.
Sex Roles, 2011
Patterns of interactional synchrony were compared in mother-child and father-child dyads during d... more Patterns of interactional synchrony were compared in mother-child and father-child dyads during dyadic and triadic interactions. Forty-two dual-earner families from the French province of Québec, Canada, participated in the study with their 32 months-old child. Parent-child interactions were coded using a taxonomy including the social partners' physical proximity, visual and body orientation, and dyadic involvement. Analyses show similar patterns of interactional synchrony in mother-child and father-child dyads in the dyadic context while father-child dyads presented less interactional synchrony than mother-child dyads when interacting in triad. Discussion focuses on the impact of the context and on the factors that could explain the changes in father-child patterns of interaction from one context to another.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 19424620 2012 783423, May 31, 2013
Based on a family systems approach, our objective is to understand how postpartum depression (PPD... more Based on a family systems approach, our objective is to understand how postpartum depression (PPD) affects and is affected by family relationships. Specifically, we intend to better understand the relationship between PPD, father's involvement with the child and the marital and co-parental relationship. Fathers' and mothers' depression in the years following their child's birth is also considered. This study is part of a larger four-year longitudinal project on the origins and consequences of postpartum depression in low-income Brazilian families conducted at Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. A subsample of 65 mothers completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) three months after delivery. The mothers and 45 fathers completed the EPDS three years later. Mothers and fathers evaluated their family relationships at their child's third birthday. High percentages of depression were found in mothers at both periods and in fathers three years following their child's birth. Mothers' negative perception of father involvement and of the co-parental and marital relationship was related to their own depression and to their partner's depression. Fathers' own depression was related to their perception of greater involvement in the family. Fathers also reported being more involved with their three-year-old child when mothers had PPD. These findings reinforce the necessity of involving the whole family in prevention programs and treatment.
Can J Behav Sci, 2001
Plusieurs auteurs sont d'avis que le langage adressé au nourrisson pourrait jouer dès le... more Plusieurs auteurs sont d'avis que le langage adressé au nourrisson pourrait jouer dès les premiers mois suivant la naissance un rôle important dans la socialisation des émotions. La présente recherche a pour objectif de tenter de cerner ce rôle. Quarante et un nourrissons et leur mère participent à quatre séances d'interaction face à face au cours de la première année. L'analyse du contenu du langage des mères montre qu'une proportion importante de leurs énoncés porte sur les expressions d'émotion ou sur les états affectifs de leur nourrisson, ou encore, sur des événements qui suscitent chez lui des réactions émotives. Les référents du langage maternel semblent, en partie, déterminés par les comportements des nourrissons. On trouve, toutefois, peu de liens entre le langage des mères à 1 et 2 mois et les expressions d'émotion de leur nourrisson à 6 et 9 mois.
Can J Behav Sci, 1999
La présente étude a pour objectif de cerner l’émergence de la capacité cognitive de distinguer pe... more La présente étude a pour objectif de cerner l’émergence de la capacité cognitive de distinguer personne et objet au cours des tout premiers mois suivant la naissance. Trente-huit nourrissons participent à deux séances expérimentales, la première à l’âge de 4 semaines, la seconde à 10 semaines. Chacune des séances comporte six épisodes auxquels prennent part, tour à tour, leur mère, une personne étrangère et une poupée dans deux conditions: une condition "active" et une condition "inactive". Les analyses portent sur les expressions faciales, les fixations visuelles et les vocalisations des nourrissons. On relève, dès l’âge de 4 semaines, des différences dans la façon dont se comportent les nourrissons en présence des personnes et de la poupée: ils sourient davantage à leur mère et à l’étrangère et leur adressent plus de vocalisations qu’à la poupée. Ces différences sont, toutefois, fortement reliés à l’activité des stimuli présentés.
Child Abuse & Neglect, 2015
Maltreated children show poor emotion regulation competencies compared to non-maltreated children... more Maltreated children show poor emotion regulation competencies compared to non-maltreated children. Emotion regulation has been found to mediate the association between maltreatment and behavior problems in children. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships among child sexual abuse (CSA), emotion regulation (ER), and internalized and externalized behavior problems in preschoolers using conditional process analyses. ER competencies were assessed in 127 children aged 41-79 months (62 abused, 65 non-abused) by their parents (N=124) and early childhood educators (N=88) using the Emotion Regulation Checklist (Shields & Cicchetti, 1995, 1997). Behavior problems were evaluated by parents using the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2000, 2001). ER was found to completely mediate the relation between CSA and internalized behavior problems and partially mediate the relation between CSA and externalized behavior problems. Parents' and educators' evaluations of ER were also found to differ as a function of child gender. The discussion focuses on the relationships among CSA, ER, behavior problems, and child gender. The clinical implications of these findings are also examined. Promoting the optimal development of ER could prevent the emergence and exacerbation of behavior problems in these at-risk children and, in turn, foster resilience.
Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 2015
Emotion regulation is closely related to mental health in children and adults. Low emotion regula... more Emotion regulation is closely related to mental health in children and adults. Low emotion regulation competencies have been found in school-aged sexually abused girls. The aim of the present study was to investigate emotion regulation competencies in sexually abused preschool girls and boys using a multi-informant approach. Emotion regulation was assessed in 62 sexually abused and 65 non-abused preschoolers using the Emotion Regulation Checklist and the MacArthur Story Stem Battery. Both parents and educators reported lower emotion regulation competencies in sexually abused preschoolers, especially boys, than in non-abused children. The narrative task completed by the children also revealed lower emotion regulation competencies in sexually abused boys. These findings could have an important impact on intervention programs offered to these at-risk children.
Santé mentale au Québec, 1991
In the weeks and months that follow the birth of a child, between 10 and 20 per cent of mothers e... more In the weeks and months that follow the birth of a child, between 10 and 20 per cent of mothers experience serious or moderate symptoms of depression. This state of psychological distress affects the mother-infant interaction, and can modify the child's development in the longer term. Recent studies increasingly link these symptoms to environmental and psychosocial stress factors. The setting up of relevant and efficient prevention and promotion programs requires a better understanding of the effect of stress and social support on the mental health of mothers.
Santé mentale au Québec, 1991