Luis Sarmiento - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Luis Sarmiento
Diabetologia, 2020
Aim/hypothesis Human enteroviral infections are suggested to be associated with type 1 diabetes. ... more Aim/hypothesis Human enteroviral infections are suggested to be associated with type 1 diabetes. However, the mechanism by which enteroviruses can trigger disease remains unknown. The present study aims to investigate the impact of enterovirus on autophagy, a cellular process that regulates beta cell homeostasis, using the clonal beta cell line INS(832/13) and human islet cells as in vitro models. Methods INS(832/13) cells and human islet cells were infected with a strain of echovirus 16 (E16), originally isolated from the stool of a child who developed type 1 diabetes-associated autoantibodies. Virus production and release was determined by 50% cell culture infectious dose (CCID50) assay and FACS analysis. The occurrence of autophagy, autophagosomes, lysosomes and autolysosomes was detected by western blot, baculoviral-mediated expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)II-GFP and LysoTracker Red, and quantified by Cellomics ArrayScan. Autophagy was also monito...
Genes
Organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, are believed to result from T-cell-m... more Organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, are believed to result from T-cell-mediated damage of the target tissue. The immune-mediated tissue injury, in turn, is known to depend on complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Nevertheless, the mechanisms whereby environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases remain elusive and represent a major untapped target to develop novel strategies for disease prevention. Given the impact of the early environment on the developing immune system, epigenetic changes induced by maternal factors during fetal life have been linked to a likelihood of developing an autoimmune disease later in life. In humans, DNA methylation is the epigenetic mechanism most extensively investigated. This review provides an overview of the critical role of DNA methylation changes induced by prenatal maternal conditions contributing to the increased risk of immune-mediated diseases on the offspring, wit...
Microorganisms
While human enteroviruses are generally regarded as a lytic virus, and persistent non-cytolytic e... more While human enteroviruses are generally regarded as a lytic virus, and persistent non-cytolytic enterovirus infection in pancreatic beta cells has been suspected of playing a role in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. However, it is still unclear how enteroviruses could exit the pancreatic beta cell in a non-lytic manner. This study aimed to investigate the role of beta cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the non-lytic enteroviral spread and infection. Size-exclusion chromatography and antibody-based immunoaffinity purification were used to isolate EVs from echovirus 16-infected human beta EndoC-βH1 cells. EVs were then characterized using transmission electron microscopy and Multiplex Bead-Based Flow Cytometry Assay. Virus production and release were quantified by 50% cell culture infectious dose (CCID50) assay and qRT-PCR. Our results showed that EVs from echovirus 16-infected EndoC-βH1 cells harbor infectious viruses and promote their spread during the pre-lytic phase of infe...
Viruses
Although acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance is the “gold standard” for detecting cases of... more Although acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance is the “gold standard” for detecting cases of polio, environmental surveillance can provide supplementary information in the absence of paralytic poliomyelitis cases. This study aimed to detect the introduction and/or circulation of wild poliovirus or vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV) in wastewater, covering a significant population of Armenia, Colombia, before trivalent oral polio vaccine (OPV) cessation. Between March and September 2015, 24 wastewater samples were collected from eight study sites in eight communes of Armenia, Colombia. Virus detection and characterization were performed using both cell culture (i.e., RD or L20B cells) and RT-PCR. Polioviruses were isolated in 11 (45.8%) of 24 wastewater samples. All isolates were identified as Sabin strains (type 1 = 9, type 3 = 2) by intratypic differentiation. Type 2 poliovirus was not detected in any of the samples. No wild poliovirus or VDPV was detected among the isolates....
Genes
Type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes are triggered by a combination of environmental and/or gen... more Type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes are triggered by a combination of environmental and/or genetic factors. Maf transcription factors regulate pancreatic beta (β)-cell function, and have also been implicated in the regulation of immunomodulatory cytokines like interferon-β (IFNβ1). In this study, we assessed MAFA and MAFB co-expression with pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling genes in RNA-seq data from human pancreatic islets. Interestingly, MAFA expression was strongly negatively correlated with cytokine-induced signaling (such as IFNAR1, DDX58) and T1D susceptibility genes (IFIH1), whereas correlation of these genes with MAFB was weaker. In order to evaluate if the loss of MafA altered the immune status of islets, MafA deficient mouse islets (MafA−/−) were assessed for inherent anti-viral response and susceptibility to enterovirus infection. MafA deficient mouse islets had elevated basal levels of Ifnβ1, Rig1 (DDX58 in humans), and Mda5 (IFIH1) which resulted in reduced virus p...
Viruses, 2017
Human enteroviruses (HEV), especially coxsackievirus serotype B (CVB) and echovirus (E), have bee... more Human enteroviruses (HEV), especially coxsackievirus serotype B (CVB) and echovirus (E), have been associated with diseases of both the exocrine and endocrine pancreas, but so far evidence on HEV infection in human pancreas has been reported only in islets and ductal cells. This study aimed to investigate the capability of echovirus strains to infect human exocrine and endocrine pancreatic cells. Infection of explanted human islets and exocrine cells with seven field strains of E6 caused cytopathic effect, virus titer increase and production of HEV protein VP1 in both cell types. Virus particles were found in islets and acinar cells infected with E6. No cytopathic effect or infectious progeny production was observed in exocrine cells exposed to the beta cell-tropic strains of E16 and E30. Endocrine cells responded to E6, E16 and E30 by upregulating the transcription of interferon-induced with helicase C domain 1 (IF1H1), 2-5-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), interferon-β (IFN-β), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5). Echovirus 6, but not E16 or E30, led to increased transcription of these genes in exocrine cells. These data demonstrate for the first time that human exocrine cells represent a target for E6 infection and suggest that certain HEV serotypes can replicate in human pancreatic exocrine cells, while the pancreatic endocrine cells are permissive to a wider range of HEV.
Revista Cubana De Medicina Tropical, Dec 1, 1997
... VIRGINIA CAPÓ 5 y Dr. GUSTAVO KOURÍ 1: ... 3,7 Por otro lado, en el curso de la epidemia se e... more ... VIRGINIA CAPÓ 5 y Dr. GUSTAVO KOURÍ 1: ... 3,7 Por otro lado, en el curso de la epidemia se efectuaron numerosas investigaciones toxicológicas, nutricionales, epidemiológicas, histopatológicas e inmunológicas de las cuales se verán los resultados más significativos. ...
Revista Cubana De Higiene Y Epidemiologia, Sep 1, 2008
AIM: to disseminate the indicators of associated paralytic poliomyelitis found during 44 years in... more AIM: to disseminate the indicators of associated paralytic poliomyelitis found during 44 years in children that received the oral antipoliomyelitis vaccine, which was only administered in massive vaccination campaigns from 1963 to 2006, and to report the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis as regards different epidemiological aspects. METHODS: a retrospective study was undertaken in 596 cases of acute flaccid paralysis in children admitted in pediatric hospitals, based on virology researches, and on the detection of different epidemiological variables. RESULTS: 120 viral agents were isolated from 113 studied patients. 30 were identified as poliovirus. The clinical and epidemiological data from 596 cases of acute flaccid paralysis allowed to categorize 20 children affected with vaccineassociated paralytic poliomyelitis. All the cases were children under one that were exclusively administered the oral antipoliomyelitis vaccine through the strategy of the massive vaccination campaigns. 19 of them were caused by the first dose. Global risk in children vaccinated with the first dose from 1963-2006 was of one in 379 888 (7 217 866 doses administered/19 cases with vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis). Cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis have been sporadic or in a group of 8 cases during 1989-1992. The risk of first dose in sporadic cases was of one in 612 864, and in the group of 1 in 84 670. The risk of grouped cases is 7.2 times higher than those occurred in isolated cases. Particularly, in 1992, coinciding with an outbreak of epidemic neuropathy, the risk was of one in 52 140, which represented an increase of 11.8 times compared with sporadic cases. Children aged 4-7 months old also had a higher risk of 1 in 132 812. CONCLUSIONS: there were identified epidemiological aspects that augmented the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis, in which the aspects of nutritional deficiencies coincided.
Revista Cubana De Medicina Tropical, Feb 1, 1997
During the epidemic neuropathy occurred in Cuba from 1992 to 1993, viral isolations antigenically... more During the epidemic neuropathy occurred in Cuba from 1992 to 1993, viral isolations antigenically connected with Coxsackie viruses were obtained from the cerebrospinal fluid of patients. Virological, epidemiological, toxicologic, nutritional, immunological and histopathological investigations were made. Though the disease was related to toxic and nutritional factors, it has been impossible to identify the cause of the epidemic. Taking into consideration the results of the different investigations, we have formulated a comprehensive and multifactorial hypothesis to explain the physiopathological mechanism of the participation of the isolated viruses as mediators in a process of autoimmunity of the pathogeny of the disease.
Revista de Salud Pública, 2016
Seroprevalencia de anticuerpos a virus del sarampión, rubeola, parotiditis, hepatitis B y los tre... more Seroprevalencia de anticuerpos a virus del sarampión, rubeola, parotiditis, hepatitis B y los tres serotipos de poliovirus, en niños de Quindío, Colombia Seroprevalence of antibodies to measles, rubella, mumps, hepatitis B viruses and all three poliovirus serotypes among children in Quindío, Colombia
Revista Cubana De Medicina Tropical, Aug 1, 2001
... Luis R. Sarmiento,3 Lic. Marité Bello,4 Téc. Rosa E. Palomera5 y Dr. Julio Barrios6. RESUMEN.... more ... Luis R. Sarmiento,3 Lic. Marité Bello,4 Téc. Rosa E. Palomera5 y Dr. Julio Barrios6. RESUMEN. ... Se analizaron muestras de heces fecales y aguas albañales, obtenidas semanalmente al finalizar la Campaña Nacional de Vacunación Antipolio del año 1998 en Cuba. ...
Journal of Medical Virology, 2015
In an earlier study, infection of human pancreatic islets with epidemic strains of echovirus (E4,... more In an earlier study, infection of human pancreatic islets with epidemic strains of echovirus (E4, E16, E30), with proven but differently ability to induce islet autoimmunity, resulted either in a severe damage (i.e. E16 and E30) or proceeded without visible changes in infected islets (i.e. E4). In this study, the ability of these strains to replicate in beta cells and the consequence of such an infection for beta cell lysis and beta cell function was studied in the pancreatic beta cell lines INS-1, MIN6 and NIT-1. The strains of E16 and E30 did replicate in INS1, MIN6, and NIT1 cells and resulted in a pronounced cytopathic effect within three days following infection. By contrast, E4 replicated in all examined insulinoma cells and no apparent cell destruction was. The insulin release in response to high glucose stimulation was hampered in all infected cells (P < 0.05) when no evidence of cytolysis was present; however the adverse effect of E16 and E30 on insulin secretion appeared to be higher than that of the E4 strain. The differential effects of echovirus infection on cell lysis, and beta cell function in the rodent insulinoma INS1, MIN6 and NIT 1 cells reflect those previously obtained in primary human islets and support the notion that the insulin - producing beta cells can harbor a non-cytopathic viral infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology, 1997
Twenty-one respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) strains isolated from one outbreak in Havana, Cuba (... more Twenty-one respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) strains isolated from one outbreak in Havana, Cuba (1994 to 1995), were analyzed to determine their relatedness. All isolated strains were classified as subgroup A by monoclonal antibodies. Of 21 RSV strains examined, 20 were classified as having restriction pattern NP4 and only 1 was classified as having restriction pattern NP5.
Revista cubana de medicina tropical
Fecal samples were weekly obtained from children under 3 years of age to isolate non-polio poliov... more Fecal samples were weekly obtained from children under 3 years of age to isolate non-polio poliovirus and enterovirus and to expand the knowledge on circulation of vaccine-derived viruses during mass campaigns. The steady vaccination schedules allow the circulation of these viruses for long periods of time. The interference of non-polio enterovirus by vaccine poliovirus was demonstrated in children. However, the low percentages of non-polio enterovirus did not show significant differences whereas these differences were significant in high percentages of vaccine poliovirus isolated in children under one year-old in comparison with those of 1 and 2 years of age. Based on this contradiction, mathematical calculations estimated the silent circulation of poliovirus that in turn made it possible to draw simulated curves. The results were later confirmed in another research work by using immunological methods.
![Research paper thumbnail of [Prevalence of enterovirus infection in infants in Armenia, Colombia, 2009]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/74300714/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Biomédica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud
Despite world wide circulation of enteroviruses, little information has accumulated on the circul... more Despite world wide circulation of enteroviruses, little information has accumulated on the circulation of enteroviruses in Colombia. The prevalence of enterovirus circulation was examined in children under 1 year to identify the most common enterovirus serotypes. Fecal samples were collected from 320 children under 1 year of age who attended a first-level health center in the city of Armenia, Colombia, in 2009. Enterovirus detection was performed by reverse transcription reaction and nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-N-PCR) using generic enterovirus primers. Samples testing positive in the RT-N-PCR were inoculated into cell cultures susceptible to enterovirus. All isolates were typed by seroneutralization with Lim-Benyesh-Melnick antiserum pools. Overall, enteroviral RNA was detected in 43 of 320 (13.3%; 95% CI: 9.7 to 17.1) fecal samples by RT-N-PCR. Viral isolation was possible in 26 of 43 (60.4%) of the positive samples. Of these, 15 were Coxsackievirus B (eight CVB1, two CVB2...
Type 1 Diabetes - Pathogenesis, Genetics and Immunotherapy, 2011
Biomédica, 2011
Introducción. Los enterovirus están distribuidos por todo el mundo; sin embargo, existe escasa in... more Introducción. Los enterovirus están distribuidos por todo el mundo; sin embargo, existe escasa información sobre su circulación en Colombia. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de circulación de enterovirus en niños menores de un año que asistieron a un centro de atención de primer nivel en Armenia, Colombia, en el 2009, e identificar los principales serotipos de enterovirus circulantes. Materiales y métodos. Se tomaron 320 muestras de heces de niños menores de un año de edad. La presencia de enterovirus se determinó mediante transcripción inversa y la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa anidada (RT-N-PCR), empleando iniciadores genéricos de enterovirus. Las muestras que resultaron positivas en la RT-N-PCR, se inocularon en cultivos celulares apropiados para enterovirus. Los aislamientos obtenidos se identificaron por neutralización con la mezcla de sueros de Lim-Benyesh-Melnick. Resultados. Se detectaron enterovirus en 43 de las 320 (13,3 %) muestras de heces mediante RT-N-PCR (IC 95% : 9,7 a 17,1). Se obtuvo aislamiento viral en 26 de las 43 (60,4 %) muestras de heces positivas por RT-N-PCR. De los 26 aislamientos obtenidos,en 15 se identificó Coxsackievirus B (ocho CVB1, dos CVB2 y cinco CVB5) y 11 echovirus (seis E6 y cinco E30). Conclusiones. La circulación de enterovirus en la población infantil estudiada fue de 13,3 % y los serotipos de enterovirus aislados corresponden con los serotipos de mayor prevalencia global. Los resultados obtenidos indican la factibilidad de emplear la RT-N-PCR como herramienta para vigilar la circulación de enterovirus en muestras de heces. Palabras clave: enterovirus, reacción en cadena de la polimerasa de transcriptasa inversa, infecciones por coxsackievirus, infecciones por echovirus, heces. Prevalence of enterovirus infection in infants in Armenia, Colombia, 2009 Introduction. Despite worldwide circulation of enteroviruses, little information has accumulated on the circulation of enteroviruses in Colombia. Objective. The prevalence of enterovirus circulation was examined in children under 1 year to identify the most common enterovirus serotypes. Materials and methods. Fecal samples were collected from 320 children under 1 year of age who attended a first-level health center in the city of Armenia, Colombia, in 2009. Enterovirus detection was performed by reverse transcription reaction and nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-N-PCR) using generic enterovirus primers. Samples testing positive in the RT-N-PCR were inoculated into cell cultures susceptible to enterovirus. All isolates were typed by seroneutralization with Lim-Benyesh-Melnick antiserum pools. Results. Overall, enteroviral RNA was detected in 43 of 320 (13.3%; 95% CI: 9.7 to 17.1) fecal samples by RT-N-PCR. Viral isolation was possible in 26 of 43 (60.4%) of the positive samples. Of these, 15 were Coxsackievirus B (eight CVB1, two CVB2, five CVB5) and 11 Echovirus (six E6 and five E30). Contribución de los autores: María Mercedes González: toma, procesamiento de muestras, análisis de datos y elaboración del manuscrito. Jhon Carlos Castaño: revisión de datos y elaboración del manuscrito Luis Sarmiento: realización de las pruebas de laboratorio para la identificación de los serotipos virales. Alejandra María Giraldo: realización de las pruebas de biología molecular. Liliana Quintero: asesoría y análisis de los datos epidemiológicos. Leonardo Padilla: cultivos celulares.
Diabetologia, 2020
Aim/hypothesis Human enteroviral infections are suggested to be associated with type 1 diabetes. ... more Aim/hypothesis Human enteroviral infections are suggested to be associated with type 1 diabetes. However, the mechanism by which enteroviruses can trigger disease remains unknown. The present study aims to investigate the impact of enterovirus on autophagy, a cellular process that regulates beta cell homeostasis, using the clonal beta cell line INS(832/13) and human islet cells as in vitro models. Methods INS(832/13) cells and human islet cells were infected with a strain of echovirus 16 (E16), originally isolated from the stool of a child who developed type 1 diabetes-associated autoantibodies. Virus production and release was determined by 50% cell culture infectious dose (CCID50) assay and FACS analysis. The occurrence of autophagy, autophagosomes, lysosomes and autolysosomes was detected by western blot, baculoviral-mediated expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)II-GFP and LysoTracker Red, and quantified by Cellomics ArrayScan. Autophagy was also monito...
Genes
Organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, are believed to result from T-cell-m... more Organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, are believed to result from T-cell-mediated damage of the target tissue. The immune-mediated tissue injury, in turn, is known to depend on complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Nevertheless, the mechanisms whereby environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases remain elusive and represent a major untapped target to develop novel strategies for disease prevention. Given the impact of the early environment on the developing immune system, epigenetic changes induced by maternal factors during fetal life have been linked to a likelihood of developing an autoimmune disease later in life. In humans, DNA methylation is the epigenetic mechanism most extensively investigated. This review provides an overview of the critical role of DNA methylation changes induced by prenatal maternal conditions contributing to the increased risk of immune-mediated diseases on the offspring, wit...
Microorganisms
While human enteroviruses are generally regarded as a lytic virus, and persistent non-cytolytic e... more While human enteroviruses are generally regarded as a lytic virus, and persistent non-cytolytic enterovirus infection in pancreatic beta cells has been suspected of playing a role in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. However, it is still unclear how enteroviruses could exit the pancreatic beta cell in a non-lytic manner. This study aimed to investigate the role of beta cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the non-lytic enteroviral spread and infection. Size-exclusion chromatography and antibody-based immunoaffinity purification were used to isolate EVs from echovirus 16-infected human beta EndoC-βH1 cells. EVs were then characterized using transmission electron microscopy and Multiplex Bead-Based Flow Cytometry Assay. Virus production and release were quantified by 50% cell culture infectious dose (CCID50) assay and qRT-PCR. Our results showed that EVs from echovirus 16-infected EndoC-βH1 cells harbor infectious viruses and promote their spread during the pre-lytic phase of infe...
Viruses
Although acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance is the “gold standard” for detecting cases of... more Although acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance is the “gold standard” for detecting cases of polio, environmental surveillance can provide supplementary information in the absence of paralytic poliomyelitis cases. This study aimed to detect the introduction and/or circulation of wild poliovirus or vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV) in wastewater, covering a significant population of Armenia, Colombia, before trivalent oral polio vaccine (OPV) cessation. Between March and September 2015, 24 wastewater samples were collected from eight study sites in eight communes of Armenia, Colombia. Virus detection and characterization were performed using both cell culture (i.e., RD or L20B cells) and RT-PCR. Polioviruses were isolated in 11 (45.8%) of 24 wastewater samples. All isolates were identified as Sabin strains (type 1 = 9, type 3 = 2) by intratypic differentiation. Type 2 poliovirus was not detected in any of the samples. No wild poliovirus or VDPV was detected among the isolates....
Genes
Type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes are triggered by a combination of environmental and/or gen... more Type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes are triggered by a combination of environmental and/or genetic factors. Maf transcription factors regulate pancreatic beta (β)-cell function, and have also been implicated in the regulation of immunomodulatory cytokines like interferon-β (IFNβ1). In this study, we assessed MAFA and MAFB co-expression with pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling genes in RNA-seq data from human pancreatic islets. Interestingly, MAFA expression was strongly negatively correlated with cytokine-induced signaling (such as IFNAR1, DDX58) and T1D susceptibility genes (IFIH1), whereas correlation of these genes with MAFB was weaker. In order to evaluate if the loss of MafA altered the immune status of islets, MafA deficient mouse islets (MafA−/−) were assessed for inherent anti-viral response and susceptibility to enterovirus infection. MafA deficient mouse islets had elevated basal levels of Ifnβ1, Rig1 (DDX58 in humans), and Mda5 (IFIH1) which resulted in reduced virus p...
Viruses, 2017
Human enteroviruses (HEV), especially coxsackievirus serotype B (CVB) and echovirus (E), have bee... more Human enteroviruses (HEV), especially coxsackievirus serotype B (CVB) and echovirus (E), have been associated with diseases of both the exocrine and endocrine pancreas, but so far evidence on HEV infection in human pancreas has been reported only in islets and ductal cells. This study aimed to investigate the capability of echovirus strains to infect human exocrine and endocrine pancreatic cells. Infection of explanted human islets and exocrine cells with seven field strains of E6 caused cytopathic effect, virus titer increase and production of HEV protein VP1 in both cell types. Virus particles were found in islets and acinar cells infected with E6. No cytopathic effect or infectious progeny production was observed in exocrine cells exposed to the beta cell-tropic strains of E16 and E30. Endocrine cells responded to E6, E16 and E30 by upregulating the transcription of interferon-induced with helicase C domain 1 (IF1H1), 2-5-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), interferon-β (IFN-β), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5). Echovirus 6, but not E16 or E30, led to increased transcription of these genes in exocrine cells. These data demonstrate for the first time that human exocrine cells represent a target for E6 infection and suggest that certain HEV serotypes can replicate in human pancreatic exocrine cells, while the pancreatic endocrine cells are permissive to a wider range of HEV.
Revista Cubana De Medicina Tropical, Dec 1, 1997
... VIRGINIA CAPÓ 5 y Dr. GUSTAVO KOURÍ 1: ... 3,7 Por otro lado, en el curso de la epidemia se e... more ... VIRGINIA CAPÓ 5 y Dr. GUSTAVO KOURÍ 1: ... 3,7 Por otro lado, en el curso de la epidemia se efectuaron numerosas investigaciones toxicológicas, nutricionales, epidemiológicas, histopatológicas e inmunológicas de las cuales se verán los resultados más significativos. ...
Revista Cubana De Higiene Y Epidemiologia, Sep 1, 2008
AIM: to disseminate the indicators of associated paralytic poliomyelitis found during 44 years in... more AIM: to disseminate the indicators of associated paralytic poliomyelitis found during 44 years in children that received the oral antipoliomyelitis vaccine, which was only administered in massive vaccination campaigns from 1963 to 2006, and to report the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis as regards different epidemiological aspects. METHODS: a retrospective study was undertaken in 596 cases of acute flaccid paralysis in children admitted in pediatric hospitals, based on virology researches, and on the detection of different epidemiological variables. RESULTS: 120 viral agents were isolated from 113 studied patients. 30 were identified as poliovirus. The clinical and epidemiological data from 596 cases of acute flaccid paralysis allowed to categorize 20 children affected with vaccineassociated paralytic poliomyelitis. All the cases were children under one that were exclusively administered the oral antipoliomyelitis vaccine through the strategy of the massive vaccination campaigns. 19 of them were caused by the first dose. Global risk in children vaccinated with the first dose from 1963-2006 was of one in 379 888 (7 217 866 doses administered/19 cases with vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis). Cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis have been sporadic or in a group of 8 cases during 1989-1992. The risk of first dose in sporadic cases was of one in 612 864, and in the group of 1 in 84 670. The risk of grouped cases is 7.2 times higher than those occurred in isolated cases. Particularly, in 1992, coinciding with an outbreak of epidemic neuropathy, the risk was of one in 52 140, which represented an increase of 11.8 times compared with sporadic cases. Children aged 4-7 months old also had a higher risk of 1 in 132 812. CONCLUSIONS: there were identified epidemiological aspects that augmented the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis, in which the aspects of nutritional deficiencies coincided.
Revista Cubana De Medicina Tropical, Feb 1, 1997
During the epidemic neuropathy occurred in Cuba from 1992 to 1993, viral isolations antigenically... more During the epidemic neuropathy occurred in Cuba from 1992 to 1993, viral isolations antigenically connected with Coxsackie viruses were obtained from the cerebrospinal fluid of patients. Virological, epidemiological, toxicologic, nutritional, immunological and histopathological investigations were made. Though the disease was related to toxic and nutritional factors, it has been impossible to identify the cause of the epidemic. Taking into consideration the results of the different investigations, we have formulated a comprehensive and multifactorial hypothesis to explain the physiopathological mechanism of the participation of the isolated viruses as mediators in a process of autoimmunity of the pathogeny of the disease.
Revista de Salud Pública, 2016
Seroprevalencia de anticuerpos a virus del sarampión, rubeola, parotiditis, hepatitis B y los tre... more Seroprevalencia de anticuerpos a virus del sarampión, rubeola, parotiditis, hepatitis B y los tres serotipos de poliovirus, en niños de Quindío, Colombia Seroprevalence of antibodies to measles, rubella, mumps, hepatitis B viruses and all three poliovirus serotypes among children in Quindío, Colombia
Revista Cubana De Medicina Tropical, Aug 1, 2001
... Luis R. Sarmiento,3 Lic. Marité Bello,4 Téc. Rosa E. Palomera5 y Dr. Julio Barrios6. RESUMEN.... more ... Luis R. Sarmiento,3 Lic. Marité Bello,4 Téc. Rosa E. Palomera5 y Dr. Julio Barrios6. RESUMEN. ... Se analizaron muestras de heces fecales y aguas albañales, obtenidas semanalmente al finalizar la Campaña Nacional de Vacunación Antipolio del año 1998 en Cuba. ...
Journal of Medical Virology, 2015
In an earlier study, infection of human pancreatic islets with epidemic strains of echovirus (E4,... more In an earlier study, infection of human pancreatic islets with epidemic strains of echovirus (E4, E16, E30), with proven but differently ability to induce islet autoimmunity, resulted either in a severe damage (i.e. E16 and E30) or proceeded without visible changes in infected islets (i.e. E4). In this study, the ability of these strains to replicate in beta cells and the consequence of such an infection for beta cell lysis and beta cell function was studied in the pancreatic beta cell lines INS-1, MIN6 and NIT-1. The strains of E16 and E30 did replicate in INS1, MIN6, and NIT1 cells and resulted in a pronounced cytopathic effect within three days following infection. By contrast, E4 replicated in all examined insulinoma cells and no apparent cell destruction was. The insulin release in response to high glucose stimulation was hampered in all infected cells (P < 0.05) when no evidence of cytolysis was present; however the adverse effect of E16 and E30 on insulin secretion appeared to be higher than that of the E4 strain. The differential effects of echovirus infection on cell lysis, and beta cell function in the rodent insulinoma INS1, MIN6 and NIT 1 cells reflect those previously obtained in primary human islets and support the notion that the insulin - producing beta cells can harbor a non-cytopathic viral infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology, 1997
Twenty-one respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) strains isolated from one outbreak in Havana, Cuba (... more Twenty-one respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) strains isolated from one outbreak in Havana, Cuba (1994 to 1995), were analyzed to determine their relatedness. All isolated strains were classified as subgroup A by monoclonal antibodies. Of 21 RSV strains examined, 20 were classified as having restriction pattern NP4 and only 1 was classified as having restriction pattern NP5.
Revista cubana de medicina tropical
Fecal samples were weekly obtained from children under 3 years of age to isolate non-polio poliov... more Fecal samples were weekly obtained from children under 3 years of age to isolate non-polio poliovirus and enterovirus and to expand the knowledge on circulation of vaccine-derived viruses during mass campaigns. The steady vaccination schedules allow the circulation of these viruses for long periods of time. The interference of non-polio enterovirus by vaccine poliovirus was demonstrated in children. However, the low percentages of non-polio enterovirus did not show significant differences whereas these differences were significant in high percentages of vaccine poliovirus isolated in children under one year-old in comparison with those of 1 and 2 years of age. Based on this contradiction, mathematical calculations estimated the silent circulation of poliovirus that in turn made it possible to draw simulated curves. The results were later confirmed in another research work by using immunological methods.
Biomédica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud
Despite world wide circulation of enteroviruses, little information has accumulated on the circul... more Despite world wide circulation of enteroviruses, little information has accumulated on the circulation of enteroviruses in Colombia. The prevalence of enterovirus circulation was examined in children under 1 year to identify the most common enterovirus serotypes. Fecal samples were collected from 320 children under 1 year of age who attended a first-level health center in the city of Armenia, Colombia, in 2009. Enterovirus detection was performed by reverse transcription reaction and nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-N-PCR) using generic enterovirus primers. Samples testing positive in the RT-N-PCR were inoculated into cell cultures susceptible to enterovirus. All isolates were typed by seroneutralization with Lim-Benyesh-Melnick antiserum pools. Overall, enteroviral RNA was detected in 43 of 320 (13.3%; 95% CI: 9.7 to 17.1) fecal samples by RT-N-PCR. Viral isolation was possible in 26 of 43 (60.4%) of the positive samples. Of these, 15 were Coxsackievirus B (eight CVB1, two CVB2...
Type 1 Diabetes - Pathogenesis, Genetics and Immunotherapy, 2011
Biomédica, 2011
Introducción. Los enterovirus están distribuidos por todo el mundo; sin embargo, existe escasa in... more Introducción. Los enterovirus están distribuidos por todo el mundo; sin embargo, existe escasa información sobre su circulación en Colombia. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de circulación de enterovirus en niños menores de un año que asistieron a un centro de atención de primer nivel en Armenia, Colombia, en el 2009, e identificar los principales serotipos de enterovirus circulantes. Materiales y métodos. Se tomaron 320 muestras de heces de niños menores de un año de edad. La presencia de enterovirus se determinó mediante transcripción inversa y la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa anidada (RT-N-PCR), empleando iniciadores genéricos de enterovirus. Las muestras que resultaron positivas en la RT-N-PCR, se inocularon en cultivos celulares apropiados para enterovirus. Los aislamientos obtenidos se identificaron por neutralización con la mezcla de sueros de Lim-Benyesh-Melnick. Resultados. Se detectaron enterovirus en 43 de las 320 (13,3 %) muestras de heces mediante RT-N-PCR (IC 95% : 9,7 a 17,1). Se obtuvo aislamiento viral en 26 de las 43 (60,4 %) muestras de heces positivas por RT-N-PCR. De los 26 aislamientos obtenidos,en 15 se identificó Coxsackievirus B (ocho CVB1, dos CVB2 y cinco CVB5) y 11 echovirus (seis E6 y cinco E30). Conclusiones. La circulación de enterovirus en la población infantil estudiada fue de 13,3 % y los serotipos de enterovirus aislados corresponden con los serotipos de mayor prevalencia global. Los resultados obtenidos indican la factibilidad de emplear la RT-N-PCR como herramienta para vigilar la circulación de enterovirus en muestras de heces. Palabras clave: enterovirus, reacción en cadena de la polimerasa de transcriptasa inversa, infecciones por coxsackievirus, infecciones por echovirus, heces. Prevalence of enterovirus infection in infants in Armenia, Colombia, 2009 Introduction. Despite worldwide circulation of enteroviruses, little information has accumulated on the circulation of enteroviruses in Colombia. Objective. The prevalence of enterovirus circulation was examined in children under 1 year to identify the most common enterovirus serotypes. Materials and methods. Fecal samples were collected from 320 children under 1 year of age who attended a first-level health center in the city of Armenia, Colombia, in 2009. Enterovirus detection was performed by reverse transcription reaction and nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-N-PCR) using generic enterovirus primers. Samples testing positive in the RT-N-PCR were inoculated into cell cultures susceptible to enterovirus. All isolates were typed by seroneutralization with Lim-Benyesh-Melnick antiserum pools. Results. Overall, enteroviral RNA was detected in 43 of 320 (13.3%; 95% CI: 9.7 to 17.1) fecal samples by RT-N-PCR. Viral isolation was possible in 26 of 43 (60.4%) of the positive samples. Of these, 15 were Coxsackievirus B (eight CVB1, two CVB2, five CVB5) and 11 Echovirus (six E6 and five E30). Contribución de los autores: María Mercedes González: toma, procesamiento de muestras, análisis de datos y elaboración del manuscrito. Jhon Carlos Castaño: revisión de datos y elaboración del manuscrito Luis Sarmiento: realización de las pruebas de laboratorio para la identificación de los serotipos virales. Alejandra María Giraldo: realización de las pruebas de biología molecular. Liliana Quintero: asesoría y análisis de los datos epidemiológicos. Leonardo Padilla: cultivos celulares.